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WO2019002337A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'analyse de substrats pour végétation - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'analyse de substrats pour végétation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019002337A1
WO2019002337A1 PCT/EP2018/067184 EP2018067184W WO2019002337A1 WO 2019002337 A1 WO2019002337 A1 WO 2019002337A1 EP 2018067184 W EP2018067184 W EP 2018067184W WO 2019002337 A1 WO2019002337 A1 WO 2019002337A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentration
water
accumulation body
measuring
sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/067184
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Schmidt
Original Assignee
Plantcare Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH00847/17A external-priority patent/CH712184A1/de
Application filed by Plantcare Ag filed Critical Plantcare Ag
Publication of WO2019002337A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019002337A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of investigation, in particular the in-situ investigation, of a hydrous substance mixture, in particular to the in-situ investigation of the fertilizer content of growth substrates such as naturally grown soils. It relates to devices, methods and uses according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • An embodiment of the invention can be used for examination, in particular for in-situ examination, of growth substrates for plants, ie, for example, naturally grown soils and / or others.
  • used in agriculture substrates such as nutrient solutions, be established.
  • Agriculturally used soils or soils consist of a multiplicity of different components.
  • organic components such as rotting plant parts, roots, soil organisms as well as pores, which are filled with water or air, are still present. Physical or chemical measurements in such a heterogeneous conglomerate with different large proportions of the components are practically difficult.
  • Another agricultural problem is the field of soil salinity measurement.
  • saline water is often used to irrigate agricultural crops.
  • the salt accumulates in the soil, which can have very negative effects on the crops.
  • the salt is washed out from time to time by a high water content, so that the salt gets into deeper soil layers and / or is transported away via drainage.
  • the possibility of in-situ measurement of the ion concentration would be very helpful to determine the optimal time of leaching or to start leaching automatically as soon as a critical concentration is reached.
  • Another problem, especially in outdoor crops, is soil contamination with pesticides.
  • US 2004/0145379 A1 discloses an apparatus and a method for measuring the water content and the salinity (ion content) of soils. These measurements take place capacitively within a preformed moisture migration medium, where radio frequency signals are applied to the moisture migration medium to determine the complex dielectric constant of the moisture migration medium
  • the moisture migration medium comprises, for example, silica-containing earth or fine sand or glass beads
  • a soil sensor for the detection and analysis of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates is described.
  • the sensor has a sensor module which has an ion-selective electrode or an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor and is to be used in field.
  • the sensor has a
  • a conductive Flydrogel within which a conductive Flydrogel is arranged, wherein between the metal housing and hydrogel, a microporous polymer layer is arranged.
  • the sensor module electrode or transistor
  • the polymer layer which is preferably cellulose-based, should, like the metal housing, the sensor module from damage by solids
  • the hydrogel should allow ion transport from the polymer layer to the sensor module and also protect the sensor module from solids.
  • the sensor may additionally include temperature and humidity sensors for compensation or error correction. It is an object of the invention to provide devices and methods of the type mentioned, which are improved over the prior art.
  • Another object of the invention is to enable at least partial automation of care steps in agricultural crops, e.g. a (partially) automated dosing of fertilizer. At least one of these objects is at least partially solved by devices, methods and uses according to the claims.
  • the invention is based on the idea of investigating a water-containing substance mixture in situ by collecting water present in the water-containing substance mixture by means of an accumulation body and determining within the accumulation body a property of the water collected in the accumulation body.
  • An apparatus for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture may in particular comprise:
  • An accumulation body for receiving water of the mixture; and one or more within the accumulation body
  • the water-containing substance mixture can be examined without having to take samples of the water-containing substance mixture, which would then be examined elsewhere.
  • results of the study such as readings determined by the probes, can be made essentially without corresponding time delays, and thus often directly be displayed and / or transmitted after the examination has been carried out, which allows prompt reaction to the result.
  • the absorbed water may be an aqueous solution in which substances of the water-containing substance mixture are dissolved.
  • the property determined by means of the at least one measuring probe may relate, for example, to ions which are dissolved in the water, for example their general concentration, their type, and / or one or more individual concentrations of specific ions.
  • properties of the ingested water are determined directly on the water itself.
  • the water taken up in the accumulation body can be examined in the same way, that is, while it is in the accumulation body.
  • ingredients of the water may be assayed, for example detected, while in the water.
  • This for example, in contrast to the sensors of the above-mentioned document WO 2009/157755 A2, in which ions must first emerge from the water to get into the hydrogel, which they have to go through to finally reach the sensor module, where they then can be detected.
  • the direct examination of the water or the ingredients while they are present in the water various sources of error are excluded.
  • compositions of the water are determined which is distorted by the fact that various ingredients (in particular different ions) migrate noticeably differently slowly through the hydrogel.
  • compositions would be determined that may never have been present in the water.
  • relatively fast determination of the properties of the water is possible, whereas the relatively small one Diffusion constant for (most) ions in hydrogel (relative to diffusion constants in water) leads to delays in the detection of ingredients, so that measurement results are not very timely and are accordingly problematic controls / automations based on the properties thus determined.
  • the accumulation body may be that it provides mechanical protection to the at least one sensor, in particular protection against force, such as protection from forces acting on insertion of the device into the composition, or forces otherwise may act on the device from the mixture of substances, for example due to soil drying processes or erosion.
  • the accumulation body can be dimensionally stable, for example also be formed spherical. All this in contrast to the microporous polymer layer of the above-mentioned document WO 2009/157755 A2, which is just a single layer and thus can not provide such mechanical protection, which is also the reason that in WO 2009/157755 A2 a protective Metal housing is provided.
  • the accumulation body described here can absorb and store the water which is to be investigated. And the stored water can, depending on the embodiment, then also in place, so while it lingers in the accumulation body, are examined.
  • the accumulation body can be in direct contact with the substance mixture.
  • Another possible effect of the accumulation body may be that it can cause a homogenization of the water absorbed in it.
  • temporal and / or spatial averaging of the properties of the absorbed water can be achieved.
  • the accumulation body at several Where the composition of matter is in contact and the composition of the mixture (in particular of the water contained therein) is different in the respective regions of the different sites, the accumulated water in the accumulation body may have average (spatially averaged) properties due to diffusion processes in the accumulated water. so that accordingly averaged or average properties can be determined by means of the sensor.
  • the device may be used in an agro-economic context to study a growth substrate for plants.
  • the nutrient content in the growth substrate can be examined by embedding the device, for example at the level of the roots, in the growth substrate.
  • the nutrient content of the water can be measured in situ exactly where the plants absorb the nutrients.
  • the device can be set up to examine in situ a concentration of plant nutrients, in particular a concentration of plant nutrient ions, in a growth substrate.
  • Plant nutrients are substances that plants need for their growth.
  • N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, Mn, Na and Cl belong to the most important chemical nutrient elements that plants (besides C, O and H) need for their growth in higher plants Co and Ni.
  • Nutrient elements or nutrient elements containing compounds can be added to the growth substrate as a fertilizer, for example in the form of salts and / or organometallic compounds.
  • the nutrient elements - such as N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, Mn, Na, Cl, Co, Ni - or these compounds are mostly dissolved as ions , Ions of nutrient elements or compounds containing nutrient elements are also called nutrient ions.
  • Major nutrient ions are, for example, H 2 P0 4 ⁇ , HP0 4 2, NFLf, P0 4 3 ⁇ , nitrates (eg N0 3 ⁇ ), nitrites, K +, sulfates (such as S0 4 2 "), Na 1" , Cl "
  • nitrates eg N0 3 ⁇
  • nitrites eg N0 3 ⁇
  • K + nitrites
  • K + sulfates
  • Na 1 , Cl "
  • the device may also be adapted for in-situ examination of a concentration of pesticides, in particular a concentration of dissolved in water components of pesticides or in particular of pesticides active ingredients, such as pesticidal active substance ions in a growth substrate.
  • This may relate in particular to artificial and / or chemical pesticides.
  • Plant protection products are, in particular, those active substances which protect crops and their products from harmful organisms or prevent the action of harmful organisms (for example insecticides or other pesticides) or active substances which destroy unwanted plants or plant parts or inhibit undesired growth of plants or growth of undesired plants or plants Prevent plant parts (for example herbicides).
  • the plant protection products include in particular bactericides, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides and virucides. From a chemical point of view, crop protection agents can have very different structures, for example they can be neonicotinoids, carbamates, pyrethroids or phosphoric esters, to name just a few examples.
  • the device can be used in solid growth substrates such as grown soils, but also in predominantly liquid growth substrates commonly used in hothouse crops (Hors-Sol production).
  • the device may be configured to monitor the concentration of problematic substances such as poisons or other pollutants in a soil, and thus to encourage the timely adoption of appropriate countermeasures upon reaching a limit concentration.
  • problematic substances such as poisons or other pollutants in a soil
  • countermeasures upon reaching a limit concentration.
  • Possible examples of application relate to overfertilization with nitrates, hyperacidity, too high a content of pesticides and / or exposure to heavy metals, such as, for example by lead, cadmium and / or mercury, for example in the vicinity of industrial plants.
  • the accumulation body can be hygroscopic.
  • the accumulation body may be configured to bind liquid, in particular water, from an environment adjacent to the accumulation body.
  • the accumulation body may have a suction body for sucking in liquid.
  • the accumulation body may be formed as a suction body for sucking liquid.
  • the accumulation body may be configured to attract liquid from an environment of the accumulation body and to be in dynamic equilibrium with respect to the fluid exchange with that environment.
  • the accumulation body may have a capillary system.
  • the capillary system may be suitable for sucking and / or binding liquid from an environment of the accumulation body.
  • the accumulation body may be configured to receive and / or store water.
  • the accumulation body may comprise a hygroscopic material.
  • the accumulation body may consist of more than 50% by weight of a hygroscopic material.
  • the accumulation body may in particular consist of more than 90 percent by weight of a hygroscopic material.
  • the accumulation body can consist entirely of a hygroscopic material.
  • An example of a hygroscopic material is felt.
  • An example of a hygroscopic material is gauze.
  • An example of a hygroscopic material is nonwoven.
  • An example of a hygroscopic material is knitted fabric.
  • An example of a hygroscopic material is tissue.
  • the hygroscopic material may contain fibers.
  • the hygroscopic material may for example consist of fibers.
  • the accumulation body (or at least the hygroscopic material) is porous due to its fiberiness.
  • the accumulation body (or at least the hygroscopic material) is hygroscopic due to its fiberiness.
  • the fibers may be, for example, synthetic fibers, in particular synthetic polymer fibers; for example polyamide fibers.
  • water can be attracted by capillary action from the mixture of substances of an accumulation body of a fibrous material adjacent to a water-containing substance mixture.
  • the accumulation body By appropriate design of the accumulation body (hygroscopic and / or capillary action and / or fiber-based, etc., as described), it may be sufficient if it is only selectively or only a few and possibly small points in contact with the mixture. Nevertheless, in the accumulation body, a moisture can then be obtained which corresponds to the moisture present in the substance mixture, and the composition of the water absorbed in the accumulation body can correspond to the composition of the water present in the growth substrate.
  • the accumulation body may be designed so that it does not substantially change the chemical properties of the water taken up in it.
  • the accumulation body can be chemically inert.
  • the accumulation body may be formed so that it does not react with water substantially not chemically.
  • the accumulation body may be configured to be substantially non-chemically reactive with the ingested water (including its non-aqueous constituents).
  • the accumulation body may be intertile, in particular chemically inert. And this may be the case in particular with regard to the hydrous substance mixture.
  • Synthetic fibers such as polyamide fibers, but also other synthetic polymer fibers, may exhibit this property. This in contrast to many natural fibers such as cellulose. Cellulosic fibers tend to be decomposed within a relatively short time (a few weeks or a few months) of microbes such as occur in most naturally grown soils. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the accumulation body is free of natural fibers or at least free of cellulose.
  • a contribution to the long-term stability of the device or, more precisely, of the accumulation body can also be afforded by embodiments in which the device has a biocide body.
  • the biocide body may in particular be arranged close to the accumulation body, for example it may be in mechanical contact with the accumulation body and / or surround the accumulation body.
  • the biocide body contains a biocide. It can even consist of the biocide.
  • the biocide may be, for example, copper. By biocide, for example, a root penetration of the accumulation body can be prevented.
  • the biocide body may be, for example, a copper body.
  • the device has a copper body, in particular for the protection of the accumulation body from rooting.
  • the copper body may surround the accumulation body, for example, by the copper body having a copper ring disposed around the accumulation body.
  • the accumulation body may, for example, comprise material which is essentially electrically nonconductive, in particular it may consist of such a material. As a result, it may be possible for the accumulation body not to substantially influence measurements of electrical conductivity.
  • the accumulation body may be adapted to be in dynamic fluid exchange equilibrium with a water-containing substance mixture surrounding it and adjacent to it. As a result, it may be possible for the water contained in the accumulation body to be similar or even identical in its chemical composition to the water of the water-containing substance mixture.
  • the accumulation body may have an outer area and an inner area, for example, wherein the outer area surrounds the inner area.
  • the outer region may be adapted to be contacted with the aqueous mixture.
  • the outer area may have different material properties than the inner area.
  • the inner and outer regions have the same material properties.
  • the accumulation body can be homogeneous. It can thus be a piece of a single material, for example a piece of a (homogeneous) felt. This can simplify the production of the accumulation body.
  • the outer region may have a different material density than the inner region.
  • the outer area may be adapted to filter ingress of water.
  • the outer region may in particular have a filter characteristic for filtering ingress of water. If, for example, the outer region has a greater material density and / or a smaller pore size than the inner region, it is possible that the outer region has a particularly good filtering effect, while in the inner region a Influence of the accumulation body on measurements taking place therein is particularly small, because there the volume ratio of the material of the accumulation body to the absorbed water is lower.
  • the accumulation body may be configured to filter water entering the accumulation body before it contacts at least one of the one or more probes.
  • the device may be designed such that water must first penetrate through the outer region in order to penetrate into the inner region (from the outside or from the substance mixture). By filtering, suspended particles as well as other solid impurities can be filtered out of the penetrating water.
  • the filtering out of suspended parts can have a positive influence on the measurements that are carried out by means of the at least one sensor. On the one hand, a greater accuracy of measurement can be achieved. On the other hand, however, a greater long-term stability of the measurement results can be achieved or a longer life of the at least one sensor can be achieved.
  • the accumulation body may have a fine-pored material. Fine-pored materials can be particularly well suited for filtering.
  • the accumulation body can be relatively small. For example, it may have a volume of less than 5 cm 3 , in particular less than 2 cm 3 , in particular less than 2 cm 3 or even less than 0.5 cm 3 .
  • an absorbent body of the accumulation body may be relatively small. For example, it may have a volume of less than 5 cm 3 , in particular less than 2 cm 3 , in particular less than 2 cm 3 , in particular less than 0.5 cm 3 . Due to the small volumes, a relatively rapid mass transfer may be possible, so that changes in the properties of the water in the environment can be reflected relatively quickly, ie with a short time delay, in corresponding changes in the properties of the water in the accumulation body. So if so If, for example, an ion concentration changes in the substance mixture to be examined, it can soon be detectable by correspondingly altered measured values of the at least one measuring probe.
  • the at least one sensor is in direct (mechanical) contact with the accumulation body.
  • the at least one sensor may be embedded in the accumulation body.
  • the probe may also be in direct contact with the water received in the accumulation body.
  • the probe, embedded in the accumulation body may be in direct contact with the water and fibers of the accumulation body, the at least one probe, for example, having a felt of said fibers, which is in direct (mechanical) contact with the accumulation body ,
  • a contact area between the at least one sensor and the accumulation body is constant over time. This may make it possible to obtain relatively accurate measurements in a relatively simple manner, even over long periods of time. For example, it may be sufficient to perform initial calibration measurements without the need for periodic replenishment.
  • At least two sensors may be arranged in the accumulation body.
  • At least three sensors are arranged in the accumulation body.
  • At least four sensors are arranged in the accumulation body.
  • the device may be configured to be able to determine a plurality of properties of the water received in the accumulation body.
  • the combination of different measured values can contribute to a more accurate evaluation, for example by using one measured value to compensate for another value.
  • the electrical conductivity of a liquid is dependent on the ion concentration as well as the temperature.
  • the temperature can So be used as a correction variable for the determination of the ion concentration from a measurement of the electrical conductivity of the liquid.
  • the device can have, for example, a first measuring sensor for determining an electrical conductivity, which has, for example, a pair of electrodes, and a second measuring sensor for determining a temperature, which for example has a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) and / or a PTC (FIG. positive temperature coefficient) resistance.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • PTC PTC
  • the device may comprise at least two sensors arranged in the accumulation body, of which a first sensor is adapted to detect a correction variable which is suitable for correcting a variable detected by a second sensor, e.g. to normalize.
  • the first sensor may have, for example, an NTC resistor and / or a PTC resistor.
  • Another example of a correction quantity is the mass of the water taken up in the accumulation body and / or the water content of the substance mixture (these may be related by a dynamic water exchange equilibrium).
  • the first sensor may include a heat pulse sensor that is capable of measuring, by measuring the decay time of a heat pulse (or a corresponding temperature rise time), a mass of the water received in the accumulator body and / or the water content of the composition determine.
  • At least one of the probes may be configured to determine at least one of a temperature of the water received in the accumulation body different property.
  • the device may be configured to examine at least one of a water content of the substance different size.
  • One of the probes may be configured to measure a physical and / or chemical property of the water received in the accumulation body.
  • WO2006 / 081693A1 discloses a water content sensor for determining the water content in soil and an interface arranged between the water content sensor and the earth.
  • the water content sensor described is based on a so-called heat-pulse sensor, which can be closed by means of the decay curve of a heat excitation on the water content of surrounding soil.
  • the disclosed interface should consist of an absorbent, mechanically easily deformable material with the lowest possible thermal conductivity, which influences the heat measurement and thus the determination of the water content as little as possible.
  • a standardized interface for improving the interaction between soil moisture sensor and soil is also known from WO2006 / 131008A1.
  • the mechanical deformable interface described therein is intended to compensate for differences in surface morphology between a water content sensor and the surrounding earth and thus contribute to improving the accuracy of the water content sensor.
  • a water content sensor with interface according to one of the two publications can be combined with one of the devices according to the invention, the water content measured by the known water content sensors being used as a correction or normalization parameter for measurement results of the devices according to the invention, e.g. the nutrient content of a soil, can be used.
  • One of the sensors can be used to measure - an ion concentration
  • Plant protection active substance concentration a concentration of water soluble plant protection ingredients, especially plant protection agent ingredients; a concentration of organometallic compounds; a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant to agriculture, in particular crop production; a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant to the agricultural industry, in particular for crop production, comprising at least one of the elements N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, Mn, Na, Cl, Co and / or Ni; a concentration of H2PO4 "" , HP0 4 2 ⁇ , P0 4 3 ⁇ NH 4 + , nitrate ions (eg N0 3 ⁇ ), nitrites, K + , sulfate ions (eg S0 4 2 ⁇ ), Na + and / or Cl " ; a trace element concentration such as Cr, Co, Fe, I, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, Si, Zn or their ions; a salt concentration such as NaC
  • One of the probes may be arranged to measure an electrical conductivity of the water received in the accumulation body. From the electrical conductivity, for example, it is possible to infer properties of the ion concentration of the water absorbed in the accumulation body.
  • One of the probes may have an electrode.
  • one of the probes may have a pair of electrodes and / or two probes may each have one electrode of a pair of electrodes.
  • an electrode pair may be adapted to determine an electrical conductivity of the water received in the accumulation body.
  • the electrodes or electrode pairs can be, for example, graphite electrodes or graphite electrode pairs.
  • a pair of electrodes designed to determine an electrical conductivity can be arranged within the accumulation body such that the electrical conductivity of the water received within the accumulation body can be determined independently of the electrical conductivity of the accumulation body.
  • the accumulation body may have a recess and at least one of the one or more probes may be arranged in the recess.
  • a pair of electrodes may be disposed in the recess and configured to determine the electrical conductivity of the water received within the accumulation body, regardless of the electrical conductivity of the accumulation body.
  • the electrical conductivity can be measured, for example, by conductometry. For example, between two electrodes, an electrical voltage or an electrical Current are applied, and the resulting electric current or the resulting voltage is determined. A value for the electrical conductivity can then be obtained by quotient formation.
  • the voltages or currents used for this purpose can be alternating voltages or alternating currents, for example 5 between 1 Hz and 100 kHz, in particular between 1 kHz and 50 kHz.
  • the determination of the electrical conductivity can also by means of others
  • Methods can be determined, for example by means of FDR (time-domain reflectometry) or by means of TDR (time-domain reflectometry;
  • the measuring sensor has two electrodes, which are subjected to a high-frequency signal, for example within a frequency range between 10 MHz and 500 MHz. A waveform of a reflected signal is then evaluated.
  • One of the probes may be configured to measure a pH of the water taken up in the accumulation body.
  • the pH value can be measured, for example, by potentiometry and / or by ion-sensitive field-effect transistors.
  • One of the sensors can be designed as an ion-sensitive sensor.
  • ISFETs Ion-sensitive field effect transistors
  • the ion-sensitive measuring sensor can be designed, for example, as an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor. This applies in particular to the ion-sensitive probes listed below.
  • An ion-sensitive probe may, for example, be designed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring nitrogen-containing ions, for example for measuring concentrations of NH 4 + , nitrates and / or nitrites.
  • An ion-sensitive probe may, for example, be designed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring potassium-containing ions, for example for measuring concentrations of K + .
  • an ion-sensitive probe can be designed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring phosphorus-containing ions, for example for measuring concentrations of H2PO4, HPO 4 2 ⁇ and / or PO 4 3 " .
  • an ion-sensitive measurement probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring sulfate-containing ions, for example for measuring concentrations of SO4 2 "" .
  • an ion-sensitive probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring ions containing manganese.
  • an ion-sensitive probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring copper-containing ions.
  • an ion-sensitive probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring zinc-containing ions.
  • an ion-sensitive probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring sodium-containing ions.
  • an ion-sensitive probe may be formed as an ion-sensitive probe for measuring chloride-containing ions.
  • One of the sensors may comprise an optical sensor, that is a sensor which measures by means of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the sensor can emit electromagnetic radiation, which then interacts with the water to be examined (in particular with the ions contained therein), and the sensor then detects these and / or an optionally newly formed electromagnetic radiation.
  • the water can be examined spectroscopically by means of one of the sensors, for example by absorption spectroscopy and / or by
  • the sensor may be adapted for measurement by means of electromagnetic radiation ranging from infrared to ultraviolet.
  • the sensor can be set up be measured in the visible range, ie in the range of about 380 nm to 780 nm.
  • the sensor can be set up for measurement by means of electromagnetic radiation in the near-infrared region, as about 780 nm to 3 ⁇ .
  • the sensor can be set up for measurement by means of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range and in the near-infrared range.
  • the sensor may be configured to perform an optical analysis process.
  • the device has a sensor configured to emit electromagnetic radiation and to detect electromagnetic radiation.
  • the wavelength range of the emissive radiation may be within the j o wavelength range of the detectable radiation, for example when the sensor is an absorption spectroscopic sensor. In other cases, the wavelength range of the emissive radiation may be outside the wavelength range of the detected radiation, for example, when the sensor is a
  • the sensor may comprise a light guide for irradiating the water received in the accumulation body with electromagnetic radiation, in particular with optical radiation.
  • a light guide for irradiating the water received in the accumulation body with electromagnetic radiation, in particular with optical radiation.
  • one end (outlet end) of the light guide may be in contact with the accumulation body, for example, brought up to it, or even disposed within the accumulation body
  • the light guide may be, for example, a glass rod or a quartz rod or a glass fiber or a glass fiber bundle.
  • the light guide may have an outer layer that the
  • Optical fibers are used, for example, when measured in reflection or when electromagnetic radiation of another wavelength range is excited and detected.
  • the sensor may have a further optical fiber, for example, if it is measured by absorption spectroscopy.
  • Spectroscopic measurement methods can have the advantage that they have a
  • Fingerprint-like detection of certain substances such as atoms, ions or molecules allow.
  • spectroscopic measurement methods may also provide quantitative results such that, for example, after appropriate calibration, quantitative results regarding a phosphate content or content of a particular crop protection agent, etc. (as described herein) of a subject matter mixture such as a soil or other plant growth substrate are obtained can.
  • an intensity of a signal due to the accumulation body relative to an intensity of a signal due to water such as a signal characteristic of a particular molecule vibration of the water molecule (H20) may be evaluated to provide a measure of the water content of the water molecule Accumulation body to get 15, and from this can be concluded that the water content of the substance mixture studied.
  • characteristics of the water taken up in the accumulation body are determined directly on the water itself, especially while in the accumulation body
  • the senor is adapted for measurement by means of optical radiation (be it infrared, optical or ultraviolet or radiation in a combination of the regions), for example as described above.
  • the probe may be a spectroscopic probe, such as a spectrometer for infrared spectroscopy.
  • Such embodiments may be in situ a quantitative
  • the device has a measuring sensor for determining a temperature of the water received in the accumulation body and a measuring sensor for determining a moisture of the accumulation body (corresponding to a water concentration in the accumulation body) and a sensor for determining a further property of the water, in particular a property relating to the chemical composition of the water, for example pH, electrical conductivity, specific and / or general ion concentration and / or other properties mentioned herein ,
  • the first two sensors may be identical, for example in the form of a heat pulse sensor, which is suitable on the one hand for temperature measurement and on the other hand suitable for determining temporal progression of heating and / or cooling - for the already (at least relative) temperature measurements be performed.
  • results of the third sensor can be corrected using the measurement results of the other two sensors.
  • Such corrections can allow much more accurate results.
  • results of conductivity measurements are usually highly temperature-dependent and also often strongly dependent on how strongly the accumulation body is soaked in water.
  • the more (ion-containing, electrically conductive) water is present in the accumulation body the less an influence of the material of the accumulation body contributes to the measurement result.
  • the third-mentioned measuring sensor may for example be a spectroscopic sensor having, for example, at least one light guide, as described above.
  • the spectroscopic sensor may emit and / or detect in the visible range, or may emit and / or detect, for example, in the near infrared (about 700 nm wavelength to about 2500 nm).
  • the device can allow relatively extensive examinations of the water absorbed in the accumulation body and thus of the water-containing substance mixture.
  • One of the probes may have an emitter for electromagnetic radiation.
  • One of the probes may include an electromagnetic radiation detector.
  • One of the probes may be disposed within the accumulation body such that the probe is in direct contact with the accumulation body.
  • One of the probes may be embedded in the accumulation body.
  • One of the probes may be disposed within the accumulation body so that the probe does not touch the accumulation body.
  • One of the sensors may be arranged inside the accumulation body such that the accumulation body does not or only slightly influences a measurement of the sensor.
  • a minor influence of the measured value may be an influence that does not change the measured value by more than 10%.
  • the material of the accumulation body in particular the material of an inner region of the accumulation body, can be designed in such a way that it does not or only slightly influences the measurement by the measuring sensors. For example, felts (made of natural and / or synthetic fibers) may have this property.
  • the invention further relates to a combination having one of the previously described devices and an evaluation unit for evaluating properties determined by the device, in particular for the evaluation of data determined by the device, such as measured values.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to conclude from data acquired by means of the at least one sensor of the water received in the accumulation body on a property of the substance mixture.
  • a property of the substance mixture may be, for example:
  • a plant protection product concentration in particular a plant protection agent concentration
  • a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant for the agricultural industry, in particular for crop production comprising at least one of the elements N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe, B, Mn , Na, Cl, Co and / or Ni;
  • a trace element concentration such as Cr, Co, Fe, I, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, Si, Zn or their ions;
  • a salt concentration such as, for example, NaCl, CaCl 2 , NaHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 or their ions;
  • a heavy metal concentration e.g. of Pb, Cd, Pu, Hg, Tl;
  • the evaluation unit may be configured to deduce a property of the substance mixture from measured values of two or more measuring sensors.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to correct a variable detected by a measuring sensor by a correction variable detected by another measuring sensor, for example to normalize it.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to conclude from data determined by the device to a property of the substance mixture which is different from temperature.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to close data determined by the device on a property of the substance mixture that is different from a water content.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to take account of calibration data during the evaluation.
  • the evaluation unit can be set up to take account of preset stored data during the evaluation.
  • the evaluation unit may be configured to evaluate data of an optical analysis method.
  • the evaluation unit may be configured to evaluate data of an electromagnetic analysis method.
  • the evaluation unit may be configured to evaluate data of an electromagnetic radiation-based analysis method.
  • the evaluation unit should be set up to evaluate data from a spectroscopic analysis method.
  • the evaluation unit can be connected to the device via cable.
  • the evaluation unit can be wirelessly connected to the device, for example via a radio link.
  • the combination comprising a device for in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture and an evaluation unit can be means for wireless Transmission of data.
  • the device may have a transmitter and the evaluation unit may have a receiver.
  • the combination comprising a device for in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture and an evaluation unit can furthermore be operatively connected to a unit for carrying out a care step, in particular for the automatic performance of a care step, for a growth substrate.
  • a care step in particular for the automatic performance of a care step, for a growth substrate.
  • the automatic execution of a care step can be triggered by an evaluation result of the evaluation unit.
  • the grooming step includes fertilizing the growth substrate.
  • the care step includes rinsing the growth substrate.
  • the rinsing care step may, for example, serve to regulate, in particular reduce, the salinity of the growth substrate.
  • the devices described above for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture can also be devices for in-situ determination of a nutrient content in a growth substrate.
  • the devices described above for the in situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture can also be devices for the in-situ determination of a mineral concentration in a growth substrate.
  • the devices described above for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture can also be devices for in-situ determination of an ion concentration of a growth substrate.
  • the ion concentration may be, for example, one or more of the following concentrations:
  • a nutrient ion concentration a mineral ion concentration; a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant to agriculture, in particular crop production; a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant for the agricultural industry, in particular for crop production, comprising at least one of the elements N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe,
  • the devices described above for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture can also be devices for the in-situ determination of a salt content, in particular rock salt content, of a growth substrate.
  • the device described above for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture is a device for in-situ determination of a pH of a growth substrate.
  • a method for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture may in particular comprise:
  • Accumulator body arranged sensor is determined at least one property of the recorded in the accumulation body water.
  • the invention basically comprises methods having features that correspond to the features of described devices, and conversely also devices having features that correspond to the features of described methods, even if the features are explicit only in connection with methods or with devices are called. The same applies to the uses described below.
  • the property determined by the probe may be a physical quantity of the water received in the accumulation body.
  • the property determined by the probe may be a chemical quantity of the water taken up in the accumulation body.
  • the property is at least one non-temperature characteristic of the water received in the accumulation body.
  • the examination of the water-containing substance mixture is at least one property of the substance mixture which is different from a water content.
  • the determination may, for example, relate to at least one of the following properties of the water taken up in the accumulation body: an ion concentration; a total ion concentration; - a plant nutrient ion concentration;
  • a concentration of metal-organic compounds a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant to agriculture, in particular crop production; a concentration of chemical elements, ions and / or compounds relevant for the agricultural industry, in particular for crop production, comprising at least one of the elements N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mo, Cu, Zn, Fe,
  • the first step may comprise embedding the accumulation body, in particular with one or more sensors arranged therein, in a water-containing substance mixture formed as a growth substrate for plants, for example in a soil.
  • the first step may include embedding one of the devices described herein in such a growth substrate.
  • a device described herein for the in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture or a combination thereof with an evaluation unit can be set up or used for carrying out a method described herein for the in situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture.
  • the described methods can be part of a method for the care of plants growing on a growth substrate.
  • Such a method of maintaining plants growing on a growth substrate may include:
  • the care step may include fertilizing the growth substrate.
  • the described methods can be part of a method for the care of plants growing on a growth substrate.
  • Such a method of maintaining plants growing on a growth substrate may include:
  • the care step may include, for example, fertilizing the growth substrate.
  • the care step may comprise rinsing the growth substrate, in particular wherein the rinsing is suitable for the regulation, in particular reduction, of the salt content, for example of the rock salt content (NaCl), of the growth substrate.
  • the care step can be triggered and / or performed automatically depending on the result of the examination.
  • a parameter of the care step is selected depending on the result of the examination, for example set automatically. For example, a lot of added fertilizer can be selected depending on it how much fertilizer has been detected by means of the examination method and / or by means of the device in the water absorbed in the accumulation body.
  • the method of cultivating plants growing on a growth substrate may comprise the use of a previously described apparatus for in situ examination of a hydrous substance mixture or a combination thereof described above with an evaluation unit.
  • an accumulation body which is suitable for receiving water of a water-containing substance mixture, for in-situ examination of a water-containing substance mixture, wherein in the investigation of one or more arranged within the accumulation body sensor determines a property of the recorded water within the accumulation body becomes.
  • This use may, for example, relate to the accumulation bodies described herein.
  • the property may relate to at least one non-temperature property of the water received within the accumulation body.
  • the investigation may relate to at least one property of the substance mixture which is different from a water content of the substance mixture.
  • a capacity and / or an absorbency of the accumulation body can be selected depending on the purpose and / or location.
  • the material of the accumulation body can be adjusted depending on the purpose and / or site.
  • the accumulation body could comprise a fibrous material and the fiber density adjusted according to the purpose and / or location of use.
  • the accumulation body depending on the nature of the water-containing substance mixture or growth substrate
  • a low-power accumulation body can be used; for drier growth substrates, a more absorbent absorbent body can be used.
  • the above-described devices and methods may be configured such that the accumulation body remains stationary during the uptake of the water and during the determination of the at least one property of the ingested water (by means of the at least one sensor disposed within the accumulation body) and in the intermediate time.
  • Water is examined in the same place where it was also included in the accumulation body. And they may also be “in situ” in the sense that the water is in the determination of the at least one property of the
  • Processes such as care steps can be linked relatively easily in automated form.
  • the devices and methods described above may also be "in situ" in a somewhat less narrow sense:
  • the accumulation body or a portion of the accumulation body may between the intake of the water and the determination of the at least one property of the ingested water
  • the device may comprise a displacement device, by means of which the
  • the Device is movable. For example, the accumulation body or the said part of the accumulation body from a first position in which it receives the water, are brought into a second position in which the determination of the at least one property of the absorbed water takes place.
  • Shifting device may also be adapted to bring the accumulation body or said part thereof from the second position back to the first position. Then, for example, one and the same accumulation body can be used for a plurality of successive measurements.
  • the displacement device can be operated automatically. For that, the
  • a motor such as an electric motor
  • an energy storage such as a rechargeable
  • the movement from the first to the second position may take place, for example, due to switching signals given manually or due to automatically generated switching signals, for example such that the
  • Determinations of at least one property of the absorbed water take place at predetermined times.
  • the displacement device is manually operable. This can result in lower energy consumption as well as a simplified construction of the device. For example, it can be provided that for a determination of the at least one property of the absorbed water, a part of the
  • the displacement device may, for example, a holding portion for holding the accumulation body (or said part of the
  • the device has a hollow body, for example a tube, and by axially displacing the rod body within the hollow body, the holding section and with it also the accumulation body (or the part thereof) is displaced within the hollow body.
  • the first position may, for example, be located at one end of the hollow body and the second position at an opposite end of the hollow body or in a central area between the two ends of the hollow body.
  • the determination of the at least one property of the ingested water does not need to be "in-situ" in the true sense of the word, for example at a later time and / or at a different location water-containing substance mixture according to the second aspect is an accumulation body for
  • At least one property of the water, which was taken up by the accumulation body in the first step is determined by means of at least one sensor.
  • the accumulation body may comprise a hygroscopic material and may even consist of more than 90% by weight of a hygroscopic material (in the dry state).
  • the hygroscopic material may for example consist of fibers and / or be a felt.
  • the accumulation body can serve to attract by capillary force water from the adjacent water-containing mixture.
  • the hydrous substance mixture may be a growth substrate for plants, for example a naturally grown soil and / or any other substrate used in agriculture, such as a Be nutrient solution.
  • said property of the water may relate to its chemical composition, in particular a fertilizer content and / or a
  • Plant nutrient content and / or a pesticide content of the water Plant nutrient content and / or a pesticide content of the water.
  • the second aspect may also include a use, namely, use of an accumulation body (for example, having the characteristics described herein) for receiving water from a mixture of substances to be investigated (for example, with the properties described herein), with which
  • Accumulator body is brought into contact, wherein by means of at least one sensor at least one property of the water is determined, in particular a property relating to the chemical composition of the water. From the certain characteristics of the water can then on properties of the
  • Substance mixtures for example, on the chemical composition, closed.
  • the water from which the at least one probe determines the at least one property is (still) in the accumulation body during the determination.
  • the at least one sensor may be disposed within the accumulation body (as described for the first aspect of the invention).
  • the water from which the at least one sensor is determined by means of the at least one sensor is no longer in the accumulation body during the determination. It may, for example, be pressed out of the accumulation body (or of a part of the accumulation body). In this way, influences that the accumulation body on the
  • Measurements by means of the probe can have, be minimized and / or
  • Calibration processes for eliminating influences of the accumulation body are eliminated or simplified. And depending on the type of sensor (s), measurements can be simplified or made possible. For example, in the case of spectroscopic investigations, absorption and emission measurements can be simplified and / or have better signal-to-noise ratios, for example because there is no scattering on the accumulation body.
  • the accumulation body may have the above-described filter property. As a result, the water absorbed in it free or at least
  • water can be examined from the inner region described above. Or. such water can be examined which is present in a region ("clean" region) of the accumulation body, which is different from regions io, in particular removed, in which the accumulation body was in contact with the substance mixture or water which consists of such "Clean" areas, can be investigated. Suspended particles and similar contaminants remain in a thin outer layer or in the outer area of the
  • Shifter already mentioned be multi-part, especially in two parts.
  • the parts can be separated from each other. For example, while receiving the water from the mixture, a first part of the
  • the first part may have the described filter function and suck in and take up the water from the mixture of substances, but also some of the absorbed (and therefore filtered) water to the second part of the
  • the second part via the first part with the mixture of substances can be in a dynamic equilibrium of water exchange. That way, the second part may be ahead
  • Solid contaminants should be protected by the substance mixture. Accordingly, properties of the water taken up in the second part, in particular its chemical composition, without solid contaminants making the measurements more difficult.
  • properties of the water taken up in the second part, in particular its chemical composition, without solid contaminants making the measurements more difficult With respect to the materials constituting the parts of the accumulation body, the same thing as that generally described above for the accumulation body may apply.
  • the parts of the accumulation body may be similar in terms of material or else formed differently.
  • the property determinations are made in some embodiments while the water is still in the second part of the accumulation body. This can simplify the determination of absolute values (for example of ion concentrations in the mixture of substances).
  • a measuring sensor during the measurement in the accumulation body may be arranged and possibly initially introduced into this.
  • influences of material that make up the accumulation body (more precisely its second part) can be minimized to the measurements.
  • the water is no longer in the accumulation body while the at least one property is determined by means of the at least one sensor, it may nevertheless be possible to determine moisture values and to determine absolute concentrations of ingredients of the substance mixture.
  • the amount of water present in the accumulation body may be determined, for example, by removing the water from the
  • Accumulation body (or from a part of the accumulation body) is extracted and the amount or volume of the extracted water is determined.
  • the accumulation body (or part of the accumulation body
  • Accumulation body are pressed out, in particular in a reproducible manner. If the accumulation body does not remain in the device during the measurements, this may favor the use of complex analysis methods or expensive and / or large measuring sensors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device for in-situ examination of a water-containing i o substance mixture with a probe
  • Fig. 2 shows an apparatus for in situ examination of a hydrous
  • Fig. 3 shows an apparatus for in situ examination of a hydrous
  • Fig. 4 shows a device for in situ examination of a hydrous
  • Fig. 5 shows an apparatus for in situ examination of a hydrous
  • Fig. 6 shows a combination of a previously shown device with a
  • Evaluation unit which are wirelessly connected to each other.
  • the device comprises:
  • the device 1 is 1 5 embedded in a water-containing mixture 2 embedded.
  • a hydrous substance mixture 2 may be, for example, a growth substrate for plants.
  • the accumulation body 10 is designed so that water from the water-containing substance mixture 2 can be received therein.
  • the accumulation body 10 may be hygroscopic. He may be trained to bind moisture from the environment.
  • the sensor 20 is arranged so that it can determine a property of the water accommodated in the accumulation body 10. From the detected property of the water absorbed in the accumulation body, it is possible to deduce a property of the water-containing substance mixture 2.
  • An interesting application of the device 1 is the measurement of physical and / or chemical properties of growth substrates for plants, such as the nutrient or salinity of the growth substrate.
  • Agricultural growth substrates are often inhomogeneous, which makes analysis, and particularly in situ analysis, difficult.
  • the apparatus 1 described makes it possible to examine the growth substrate in situ in a relatively simple manner by taking water from the growth substrate in the accumulation body 10 and examining it by means of one or more measuring probes 20. The knowledge of the substances dissolved in the water allow conclusions about the state of the growth substrate.
  • These in situ collected data allow to determine optimal times for maintenance steps such as fertilizing or rinsing the growth substrate. There is no delay due to sampling and subsequent examination of the sample far away from the measuring point. In an automated context, it may allow the device 1 to automatically perform such a care step.
  • FIG. 2 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. It largely corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that the device 1 in the example shown here comprises two sensors 20.
  • Two probes 20 may allow to detect two different magnitudes. As a result, it may be possible to determine two properties of the water received in the accumulation body 10. For example, the two properties may be output as independent properties and / or combined for closure to another property. Another possibility is that a first detected property is used to correct a second detected property. If, for example, an essentially temperature-dependent variable is measured, eg an electrical conductivity of the water, the temperature of the water can additionally be determined, so that by combining the measured values a correct (temperature-corrected) value of the size, for example a correct (temperature-corrected) electrical conductivity, can be determined.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention. It largely corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, except that the device 1 in the example shown here comprises three sensors 20.
  • the accumulation body 10 has an outer region 11 and an inner region 12, the outer I G region 11 surrounding the inner region 12.
  • the two areas can have different material properties.
  • the outer region 11 may have a higher material density.
  • the outer region 1 1 can be set up to filter water entering the accumulation body 10, as a result of which, for example, suspended particles can be filtered out of the water before the water reaches the measuring sensors 20.
  • the device 1 has three sensors 20:
  • a second sensor having an ion-sensitive sensor ion-sensitive probe 24, and
  • the electrode pair 21 may be configured to measure an electrical conductivity of the water received in the accumulation body. As a result, it is possible, for example, to deduce a (summed) ion concentration in the water.
  • Conductivity measurement can be done, for example, conductometrically, or by FDR (time-domain reflectometry) or by TDR (time-domain reflectometry).
  • the ion-sensitive probe 24 may be formed, for example, as an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) and configured to measure the nitrogen ion concentration in the water. Both the measurement of the electrical conductivity and the measurement by means of the ion-sensitive sensor 24 can provide results that depend on the temperature of the water. Temperature measurement by the third sensor makes it possible to determine the temperature of the water at the location of the measurement and thereby correct the results of the other measurements, for example by means of appropriate calibrations.
  • ISFET ion-sensitive field effect transistor
  • FIG. 6 shows a combination of one of the previously described devices 1 and an evaluation unit 30, which is designed to evaluate data from the device 1.
  • the device 1 and the evaluation unit 30 are connected by means 40 for the wireless transmission of data (for example by two transponders).
  • means 40 for the wireless transmission of data (for example by two transponders).
  • other compounds such as e.g. a wired connection possible.
  • the evaluation unit 30 can be set up to conclude properties of the water-containing substance mixture from properties which were detected by means of the measuring sensors 20 of the device 1.
  • the evaluation unit 30 may itself in turn be in contact with another unit 50, for example for transmitting evaluation results or data derived therefrom.
  • the unit 50 may, depending on the Evaluation results, control certain processes, for example, set in motion.
  • unit 50 may be used to perform care.
  • the evaluation unit 30 may, for example, be in contact with an automatic fertilizer unit and encourage it to detect a nutrient deficiency for automatic fertilization of the agricultural growth substrate. Based on the evaluated results (from evaluation unit 30), a composition of the fertilizer can be adapted exactly to the (actual) needs of the growth substrate or the plants growing thereon.
  • the use of several devices 1 may make it possible to detect a local distribution of nutrient requirements and to adjust the fertilization locally.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) destiné à la détermination in-situ d'un substrat pour végétation (2) aqueux, comprenant : - un corps de stockage (10) permettant de recueillir l'eau du substrat pour végétation (2); et - au moins un capteur de mesure (20) disposé dans le corps de stockage (10) et destiné à la détermination d'une propriété de l'eau receuillie dans le corps d'accumulation (10). La propriété concerne une teneur en éléments nutritifs, pour la plante, de l'eau collectée dans le corps de stockage (10). L'invention concerne des procédés correspondants et des utilisations. La propriété peut notamment être une teneur en élément nutritifs, pour la plante, de l'eau recueillie dans le corps de stockage (10).
PCT/EP2018/067184 2017-06-28 2018-06-27 Dispositif et procédé d'analyse de substrats pour végétation WO2019002337A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00847/17 2017-06-28
CH00847/17A CH712184A1 (de) 2017-06-28 2017-06-28 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur in-situ-Untersuchung des Düngergehalts von Pflanzenwachstumssubstraten.
CH01115/17 2017-09-07
CH01115/17A CH713927A2 (de) 2017-06-28 2017-09-07 Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Untersuchung von Pflanzenwachstumssubstraten.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112255286A (zh) * 2020-08-11 2021-01-22 江苏大学 一种集成仿生的栽培基质离子浓度在线检测装置及方法
WO2022074045A1 (fr) * 2020-10-09 2022-04-14 Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif pour la distribution de nutriments

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2536777A1 (de) * 1975-08-19 1977-03-03 Issel Wolfgang Messfuehler zur bestimmung der wasserspannung im boden nach dem waermepulsprinzip
US20040145379A1 (en) 2002-12-16 2004-07-29 Peter Buss Soil matric potential and salinity measurement apparatus and method of use
WO2006081693A1 (fr) 2005-02-02 2006-08-10 Plantcare Ag Dispositif de mesure des proprietes thermiques dans un milieu et procede de determination de l'humidite dans ledit milieu
WO2006131008A1 (fr) 2005-06-07 2006-12-14 Plantcare Ag Dispositif s'utilisant avec un capteur pour ameliorer la precision et capteur a precision amelioree
WO2009157755A2 (fr) 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Mimos Berhad Capteur de sol
US20120319704A1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Soilmoisture Equipment Corp. Stacked sensor for testing a porous medium

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2536777A1 (de) * 1975-08-19 1977-03-03 Issel Wolfgang Messfuehler zur bestimmung der wasserspannung im boden nach dem waermepulsprinzip
US20040145379A1 (en) 2002-12-16 2004-07-29 Peter Buss Soil matric potential and salinity measurement apparatus and method of use
WO2006081693A1 (fr) 2005-02-02 2006-08-10 Plantcare Ag Dispositif de mesure des proprietes thermiques dans un milieu et procede de determination de l'humidite dans ledit milieu
WO2006131008A1 (fr) 2005-06-07 2006-12-14 Plantcare Ag Dispositif s'utilisant avec un capteur pour ameliorer la precision et capteur a precision amelioree
WO2009157755A2 (fr) 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Mimos Berhad Capteur de sol
US20120319704A1 (en) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Soilmoisture Equipment Corp. Stacked sensor for testing a porous medium

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112255286A (zh) * 2020-08-11 2021-01-22 江苏大学 一种集成仿生的栽培基质离子浓度在线检测装置及方法
CN112255286B (zh) * 2020-08-11 2022-10-28 江苏大学 一种集成仿生的栽培基质离子浓度在线检测装置及方法
WO2022074045A1 (fr) * 2020-10-09 2022-04-14 Vogelsang Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif pour la distribution de nutriments

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