WO2017175608A1 - 電子機器及び推定システム - Google Patents
電子機器及び推定システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017175608A1 WO2017175608A1 PCT/JP2017/012083 JP2017012083W WO2017175608A1 WO 2017175608 A1 WO2017175608 A1 WO 2017175608A1 JP 2017012083 W JP2017012083 W JP 2017012083W WO 2017175608 A1 WO2017175608 A1 WO 2017175608A1
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- blood glucose
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- glucose level
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- pulse wave
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
- A61B5/02116—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics of pulse wave amplitude
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/681—Wristwatch-type devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
- A61B5/6824—Arm or wrist
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0233—Special features of optical sensors or probes classified in A61B5/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/02028—Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction
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- A61B5/024—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02438—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
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- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/024—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02444—Details of sensor
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- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14546—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
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- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
- A61B5/7257—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms using Fourier transforms
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an electronic device and an estimation system for estimating the health condition of a subject from measured biological information.
- Patent Document 1 describes an electronic device that measures the pulse of a subject when the subject wears the wrist.
- An electronic device includes a sensor unit that acquires a pulse wave of a subject, an estimation formula created based on a blood glucose level and a pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level, and the sensor unit acquires A control unit that estimates a blood glucose level of the subject based on the pulse wave of the subject.
- An electronic device includes a sensor unit that acquires a pulse wave of a subject, an estimation formula created based on a blood glucose level and a pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level, and the sensor unit acquires And a control unit that estimates the lipid value of the subject based on the pulse wave of the subject.
- An estimation system includes a blood glucose meter that measures a blood glucose level of a subject, and an electronic device that includes a sensor unit that acquires the pulse wave of the subject.
- the electronic device includes a blood glucose level and an estimation formula created based on a pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level, the blood glucose level of the subject measured by the blood glucose meter, and the sensor unit The blood glucose level of the subject is estimated based on the pulse wave of the subject.
- An estimation system includes a blood glucose meter that measures a blood glucose level of a subject, and an electronic device that includes a sensor unit that acquires the pulse wave of the subject.
- the electronic device includes a blood glucose level and an estimation formula created based on a pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level, the blood glucose level of the subject measured by the blood glucose meter, and the sensor unit The lipid value of the subject is estimated based on the pulse wave of the subject.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the electronic device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the main-body part of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the use condition of the electronic device of FIG. It is a functional block diagram which shows schematic structure of the electronic device of FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the estimation method based on the change of a pulse wave in the electronic device of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of an acceleration pulse wave. It is a figure which shows an example of the pulse wave acquired by the sensor part. It is a figure explaining another example of the estimation method based on the change of a pulse wave in the electronic device of FIG. It is a creation flowchart of the estimation formula which the electronic device of FIG.
- Patent Document 1 When measuring blood components or blood fluidity using blood collected from a subject, it is necessary to perform blood collection with pain, so it is difficult to estimate one's own health status on a daily basis. .
- the electronic device described in Patent Document 1 only measures the pulse, and cannot estimate the health condition of the subject other than the pulse. According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an electronic device and an estimation system that can easily estimate the health state of a subject.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the electronic apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the electronic device 100 includes a mounting unit 110 and a measurement unit 120.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of the electronic device 100 observed from the back surface 120a that is in contact with the portion to be examined.
- the electronic device 100 measures the biological information of the subject while the subject is wearing the electronic device 100.
- the biological information measured by the electronic device 100 is a pulse wave of the subject that can be measured by the measurement unit 120.
- the electronic device 100 will be described below assuming that the electronic device 100 is attached to the subject's wrist and acquires a pulse wave.
- the mounting portion 110 is a straight and elongated band.
- the measurement of the pulse wave is performed, for example, in a state where the subject wraps the mounting unit 110 of the electronic device 100 around the wrist. Specifically, the subject wraps the mounting unit 110 around the wrist so that the back surface 120a of the measuring unit 120 is in contact with the test site, and measures the pulse wave.
- the electronic device 100 measures the pulse wave of blood flowing through the ulnar artery or radial artery at the wrist of the subject.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the measurement unit 120 of FIG. In FIG. 2, the mounting unit 110 around the measurement unit 120 is also illustrated along with the measurement unit 120.
- the measuring unit 120 has a back surface 120a that contacts the wrist of the subject when worn, and a surface 120b opposite to the back surface 120a.
- the measurement unit 120 has an opening 111 on the back surface 120a side.
- the sensor unit 130 is supported by the measurement unit 120 with one end protruding from the opening 111 toward the back surface 120a in a state where the elastic body 140 is not pressed.
- One end of the sensor unit 130 is provided with a pulse applying unit 132.
- One end of the sensor unit 130 can be displaced in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the back surface 120a.
- the other end of the sensor unit 130 is supported by the measurement unit 120 by the support unit 133 so that one end of the sensor unit 130 can be displaced.
- the elastic body 140 is, for example, a spring.
- the elastic body 140 is not limited to a spring, and may be any other elastic body such as a resin or a sponge.
- the measurement unit 120 may be provided with a control unit, a storage unit, a communication unit, a power supply unit, a notification unit, a circuit for operating these, a cable to be connected, and the like.
- the sensor unit 130 includes an angular velocity sensor 131 that detects the displacement of the sensor unit 130.
- the angular velocity sensor 131 only needs to detect the angular displacement of the sensor unit 130.
- the sensor included in the sensor unit 130 is not limited to the angular velocity sensor 131, and may be, for example, an acceleration sensor, an angle sensor, other motion sensors, or a plurality of these sensors.
- the electronic device 100 includes an input unit 141 on the surface 120b side of the measurement unit 120.
- the input unit 141 receives an operation input from the subject, and includes, for example, an operation button (operation key).
- the input unit 141 may be configured by a touch screen, for example.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the electronic device 100 by the subject.
- the subject wraps the electronic device 100 around the wrist and uses it.
- the electronic device 100 is mounted with the back surface 120a of the measurement unit 120 in contact with the test portion.
- the measurement part 120 can adjust the position so that the pulse applying part 132 contacts the position where the ulnar artery or radial artery is present.
- one end of the sensor unit 130 is in contact with the skin on the radial artery, which is the artery on the thumb side of the left hand of the subject.
- One end of the sensor unit 130 is in contact with the skin on the radial artery of the subject due to the elastic force of the elastic body 140 disposed between the measurement unit 120 and the sensor unit 130.
- the sensor unit 130 is displaced according to the movement of the radial artery of the subject, that is, pulsation.
- the angular velocity sensor 131 acquires a pulse wave by detecting the displacement of the sensor unit 130.
- the pulse wave is obtained by capturing a change in the volume of the blood vessel caused by the inflow of blood as a waveform from the body surface.
- the sensor unit 130 is in a state where one end protrudes from the opening 111 in a state where the elastic body 140 is not pressed.
- the elastic body 140 expands and contracts, and one end of the sensor unit 130 is displaced.
- an elastic body having an appropriate elastic modulus is used so as not to disturb the pulsation and to expand and contract in accordance with the pulsation.
- the opening width W of the opening 111 is sufficiently larger than the blood vessel diameter. In the present embodiment, the opening width W has a width sufficiently larger than the radial artery diameter.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the electronic device 100 is worn on the wrist and a pulse wave in the radial artery is acquired, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the electronic device 100 may acquire a pulse wave of blood flowing through the carotid artery at the subject's neck.
- the subject may measure the pulse wave by lightly pressing the pulse applying portion 132 against the position of the carotid artery.
- the subject may wear the attachment portion 110 around the neck so that the pulse-applying portion 132 is positioned at the carotid artery.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the electronic device 100.
- the electronic device 100 includes a sensor unit 130, an input unit 141, a control unit 143, a power supply unit 144, a storage unit 145, a communication unit 146, and a notification unit 147.
- the control unit 143, the power supply unit 144, the storage unit 145, the communication unit 146, and the notification unit 147 are included in the measurement unit 120 or the mounting unit 110.
- the sensor unit 130 includes an angular velocity sensor 131 and detects a pulsation from a region to be examined to acquire a pulse wave.
- the control unit 143 is a processor that controls and manages the entire electronic device 100 including each functional block of the electronic device 100.
- the control unit 143 is a processor that estimates the blood glucose level of the subject from the acquired pulse wave.
- the control unit 143 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes a program that defines a control procedure and a program that estimates a blood glucose level of a subject.
- a program is stored in a storage medium such as the storage unit 145, for example.
- the control unit 143 estimates a state relating to sugar metabolism or lipid metabolism of the subject.
- the control unit 143 performs data notification to the notification unit 147.
- the power supply unit 144 includes, for example, a lithium ion battery and a control circuit for charging and discharging the battery, and supplies power to the entire electronic device 100.
- the storage unit 145 stores programs and data.
- the storage unit 145 may include any non-transitory storage medium such as a semiconductor storage medium and a magnetic storage medium.
- the storage unit 145 may include a plurality of types of storage media.
- the storage unit 145 may include a combination of a portable storage medium such as a memory card, an optical disk, or a magneto-optical disk and a storage medium reading device.
- the storage unit 145 may include a storage device used as a temporary storage area such as a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- the storage unit 145 stores various information or a program for operating the electronic device 100 and also functions as a work memory.
- the storage unit 145 may store the measurement result of the pulse wave acquired by the sensor unit 130, for example.
- the communication unit 146 transmits and receives various data by performing wired communication or wireless communication with an external device.
- the communication unit 146 communicates with, for example, an external device that stores the biological information of the subject in order to manage the health state, and the measurement result of the pulse wave measured by the electronic device 100 and the health estimated by the electronic device 100 The status is transmitted to the external device.
- the notification unit 147 notifies information using sound, vibration, images, and the like.
- the notification unit 147 displays a speaker, a vibrator, a liquid crystal display (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL display (OELD: Organic Electro-Luminescence Display), an inorganic EL display (IELD: Inorganic Electro-Luminescence Display), or the like. You may have a device.
- reports the state of a subject's glucose metabolism or lipid metabolism, for example.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level of the subject based on the estimation formula created by regression analysis.
- the electronic device 100 stores an estimation formula for estimating a blood sugar level based on the pulse wave, for example, in the storage unit 145 in advance.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level using these estimation formulas.
- the estimation theory regarding the estimation of the blood glucose level based on the pulse wave will be described.
- blood glucose levels rise, resulting in decreased blood fluidity (increased viscosity), vascular dilation and increased circulating blood volume, and vascular dynamics and blood to balance these conditions. Dynamics are determined.
- the decrease in blood fluidity occurs, for example, when the viscosity of plasma increases or the deformability of erythrocytes decreases.
- the expansion of blood vessels is caused by secretion of insulin, secretion of digestive hormones, increase in body temperature, and the like.
- the pulse rate increases in order to suppress a decrease in blood pressure.
- Increased circulating blood volume supplements blood consumption for digestion and absorption.
- electronic device 100 can acquire a pulse wave and estimate a blood glucose level based on a change in the waveform of the acquired pulse wave.
- an estimation formula for estimating blood glucose level can be created by performing regression analysis based on pre-meal and post-meal blood glucose levels and pulse wave sample data obtained from a plurality of subjects. it can.
- the blood glucose level of the subject can be estimated by applying the created estimation formula to the index based on the pulse wave of the subject.
- the blood glucose level of the subject to be tested regardless of whether it is before or after a meal, is created by performing regression analysis using sample data whose blood glucose level variation is close to the normal distribution. Can be estimated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the estimation method based on the change of the pulse wave, and shows an example of the pulse wave.
- the estimation formula for estimating the blood glucose level is created, for example, by regression analysis regarding an index (rising index) Sl indicating the rise of the pulse wave, AI (Augmentation Index), and the pulse rate PR.
- the rising index S1 is derived based on the waveform indicated by the region D1 in FIG. Specifically, the rising index S1 is the ratio of the initial minimum value to the initial maximum value in the acceleration pulse wave derived by differentiating the pulse wave twice.
- the rising index S1 is represented by ⁇ b / a.
- the rising index S1 becomes smaller due to a decrease in blood fluidity after meals, secretion of insulin and dilation (relaxation) of blood vessels due to an increase in body temperature.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a pulse wave acquired from the wrist using the electronic device 100.
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the angular velocity sensor 131 is used as a pulsation detecting means.
- FIG. 7 shows a time integration of the angular velocity acquired by the angular velocity sensor 131.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the angle. Since the acquired pulse wave may include noise caused by the body movement of the subject, for example, correction by a filter that removes a DC (Direct Current) component may be performed to extract only the pulsation component.
- DC Direct Current
- the propagation of the pulse wave is a phenomenon in which the pulsation caused by the blood pushed out of the heart is transmitted through the wall of the artery or blood.
- the pulsation caused by the blood pushed out of the heart reaches the periphery of the limb as a forward wave, and a part of the pulsation is reflected by the branching portion of the blood vessel and the blood vessel diameter changing portion and returns as a reflected wave.
- AI n is the AI for each pulse.
- the AI is derived based on the waveform shown in the region D2 in FIG. AI becomes low due to a decrease in blood fluidity after a meal and dilation of blood vessels due to an increase in body temperature.
- the pulse rate PR is derived based on the pulse wave period T PR shown in FIG.
- the pulse rate PR increases after a meal.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the blood glucose level by the estimation formula created based on these rising indices Sl, AI, and the pulse rate PR.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining another example of the estimation method based on the change of the pulse wave.
- FIG. 8A shows a pulse wave
- FIG. 8B shows the result of FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) performed on the pulse wave of FIG. 8A.
- the estimation formula for estimating the blood glucose level is created by, for example, regression analysis on the fundamental wave and the harmonic component (Fourier coefficient) derived by FFT.
- the peak value in the FFT result shown in FIG. 8B changes based on the change in the waveform of the pulse wave. Therefore, the blood glucose level can be estimated by an estimation formula created based on the Fourier coefficient.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level of the subject using the estimation formula based on the above-described rising indices Sl, AI, pulse rate PR, Fourier coefficient, and the like.
- the creation of the estimation formula need not be executed by the electronic device 100.
- the estimation formula may be created in advance using another computer or the like.
- a device that creates an estimation formula will be referred to as an estimation formula creation apparatus.
- the created estimation formula is stored in advance in the storage unit 145, for example, before the subject estimates the blood glucose level by the electronic device 100.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for creating an estimation formula used by the electronic device 100 of FIG.
- the estimation formula is to measure the subject's pre-meal and post-meal pulse waves using a sphygmomanometer, measure the subject's pre-meal and post-meal blood glucose levels using a blood glucose meter, and based on sample data obtained by measurement, Created by performing regression analysis.
- “before meal” refers to the fasting time of the subject
- “after meal” refers to the time during which the blood glucose level rises after a predetermined time after the meal (for example, about one hour after the meal starts).
- the sample data to be acquired is not limited to before and after a meal, and may be data in a time zone in which the blood sugar level varies greatly.
- step S101 information on the blood glucose level of the subject before meal and the pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level measured by the blood glucose meter and the pulse wave meter are input to the estimation formula creating apparatus (step S101). ).
- step S102 The information about the blood wave level of the subject after meal and the pulse wave associated with the blood glucose level measured by the blood glucose meter and the pulse wave meter, respectively, is input to the estimation formula creating apparatus (step S102).
- the blood glucose level input in step S101 and step S102 is measured by a blood glucose meter, for example, by collecting blood.
- step S101 or step S102 the age of the subject of each sample data is also input.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus determines whether or not the number of samples of the sample data input in step S101 and step S102 is greater than or equal to N for performing regression analysis (step S103).
- the number N of samples can be determined as appropriate, for example, 100.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus repeats step S101 and step S102 until the number of samples becomes N or more.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus moves to step S104 and executes calculation of the estimation formula.
- the estimation formula creation device analyzes the input pre-meal and post-meal pulse waves (step S104).
- the estimation formula creation device analyzes the pulse wave rising indices S1 and AI and the pulse rate PR before and after a meal.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus may perform FFT analysis as the analysis of the pulse wave.
- the estimation formula creation device performs regression analysis (step S105).
- the objective variable in the regression analysis is the postprandial blood glucose level.
- the explanatory variables in the regression analysis are the age input in step S101 or step S102, and the rise index S1, AI and pulse rate PR of the pulse wave before and after meal analyzed in step S104.
- the explanatory variable may be a Fourier coefficient calculated as a result of the FFT analysis, for example.
- the estimation formula creation device creates an estimation formula for estimating the postprandial blood glucose level based on the result of the regression analysis (step S106).
- An example of an estimation formula for estimating a blood glucose level after a meal is shown in the following formula (1).
- GLa indicates a blood glucose level after a meal.
- age is age
- PRb is pre-meal pulse rate PR
- AIb is pre-meal AI
- Slb is pre-meal rise index Sl
- PRa is post-meal pulse rate PR
- AIa is post-meal AI
- Sla is post-meal rise index S1
- BLG is The blood glucose levels inputted (measured by collecting blood) by the subject are shown respectively.
- the blood glucose level BLG input by the subject is a blood glucose level measured at a timing different from the estimated blood glucose level GLa.
- the blood glucose level BLG input by the subject is a blood glucose level measured by collecting blood before meals.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for estimating the blood glucose level after meal of the subject using the estimation formula created by the flow of FIG.
- a case where the subject inputs blood glucose levels before meal measured using a blood glucose meter from the input unit 141 of the electronic device 100 will be described.
- the electronic device 100 inputs the age of the subject based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S201).
- the electronic device 100 inputs the blood glucose level before meal measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S202).
- the electronic device 100 measures the pulse wave before the meal of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S203).
- the electronic device 100 measures the post-meal pulse wave of the subject based on the operation by the subject after the subject has eaten (step S204).
- the electronic device 100 analyzes the measured pulse wave (step S205). Specifically, the electronic device 100 analyzes, for example, the rising indices Sl and AI and the pulse rate PR related to the measured pulse wave.
- the electronic device 100 applies the pre-meal blood glucose level input in step S202, the rising indices Sl and AI and the pulse rate PR analyzed in step S205, and the age of the subject to, for example, the above-described formula (1). Then, the post-meal blood glucose level of the subject is estimated (step S206). The estimated postprandial blood glucose level is notified to the subject from the notification unit 147 of the electronic device 100, for example.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a comparison between the postprandial blood glucose level estimated using the estimation formula created by the flow of FIG. 9 and the actually measured postprandial blood glucose level.
- the measured value (actual value) of the postprandial blood glucose level is shown on the horizontal axis
- the estimated value of the postprandial blood glucose level is shown on the vertical axis.
- the blood glucose level was measured using a Terumo blood glucose meter MedisafeFit.
- the measured value and the estimated value are included in a range of approximately ⁇ 20%. That is, it can be said that the estimation accuracy based on the estimation formula is within 20%.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the postprandial blood glucose level in a non-invasive manner and in a short time based on the preprandial blood glucose level measured by collecting blood from the subject.
- the estimation formula is created using the blood glucose level and pulse wave before and after a meal, but the creation of the estimation formula is not limited to this, and the estimation formula is estimated using either the blood glucose level and pulse wave before or after the meal.
- An expression may be created.
- the electronic device 100 may estimate the blood glucose level of the subject at any timing, not limited to the blood glucose level after meals.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the blood glucose level at an arbitrary timing in a non-invasive and short time.
- the electronic device 100 updates the estimation formula stored in the storage unit 145 based on the blood glucose level and pulse wave before the subject's meal acquired in Step S202 and Step S203 in the estimation of the blood glucose level. May be. That is, the electronic device 100 can use the pre-meal blood glucose level and pulse wave acquired when estimating the blood glucose level as sample data for updating the estimation formula. Thereby, an estimation formula is updated whenever a subject estimates a blood glucose level, and the estimation accuracy of a postprandial blood glucose level using the estimation formula increases.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for creating an estimation formula used by the electronic device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the estimation formula is described as being created by the electronic device 100.
- the estimation formula may be created by an estimation formula creation device different from the electronic device 100.
- the electronic device 100 inputs the blood glucose level before meal measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (Step S301).
- the electronic device 100 measures the pulse wave before the meal of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S302).
- the electronic device 100 inputs the postprandial blood glucose level measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject after the subject has eaten (step S303).
- the blood glucose level input in step S301 and step S303 is measured by a blood glucose meter, for example, when the subject collects blood.
- the electronic device 100 measures the post-meal pulse wave of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S304).
- the electronic device 100 determines whether or not the number of sample data input in steps S301 to S304 is equal to or greater than N for performing regression analysis (step S305).
- the number N of samples can be determined as appropriate, and can be set to 5, for example.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus determines that the number of samples is less than N (in the case of No)
- the estimation formula creation apparatus determines that the number of samples is equal to or greater than N (in the case of Yes)
- the estimation formula creation apparatus proceeds to step S306 and executes calculation of the estimation formula.
- the calculation method of the estimation formula in step S306 to step S308 is the same as that in step S104 to step S106 in FIG. 9, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the estimation formula created by the electronic device 100 according to the flow shown in FIG. 12 is a formula in which each coefficient is different in Formula (1), for example.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for estimating the postprandial blood glucose level of the subject using the estimation formula created by the flow of FIG.
- a case where the subject inputs a blood glucose level measured using a blood glucose meter from the input unit 141 of the electronic device 100 will be described.
- the electronic device 100 inputs the age of the subject based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S401).
- the electronic device 100 inputs the pre-meal blood glucose level measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S402).
- the electronic device 100 measures the pulse wave before the meal of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S403).
- the electronic device 100 measures the post-meal pulse wave of the subject based on the operation by the subject after the subject has eaten (step S404).
- the electronic device 100 analyzes the measured pulse wave (step S405). Specifically, the electronic device 100 analyzes, for example, the rising indices Sl and AI and the pulse rate PR related to the measured pulse wave.
- the electronic device 100 applies the rising indices Sl, AI and pulse rate PR analyzed in step S405 and the age of the subject to the estimation formula created in the flowchart of FIG.
- a blood glucose level is estimated (step S406).
- the estimated postprandial blood glucose level is notified to the subject from the notification unit 147 of the electronic device 100, for example.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the postprandial blood glucose level in a non-invasive manner and in a short time based on the preprandial blood glucose level measured by collecting blood from the subject.
- the estimation formula for estimating the postprandial blood glucose level is created based on the sample data acquired from the subject, the estimation accuracy of the postprandial blood glucose level of the subject is improved. .
- the estimation formula stored in the storage unit 145 may be updated. Thereby, an estimation formula is updated whenever a subject estimates a blood glucose level, and the estimation accuracy of a postprandial blood glucose level using the estimation formula increases.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level based on the pulse wave of the subject without using the blood glucose level measured by collecting blood when the sample data of a sufficient number of samples can be collected from the subject. May be. For example, the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level before the subject's meal based on the pulse wave before the subject's meal. In this way, when the subject measures the pulse wave before the meal using the electronic device 100, the electronic device 100 uses the estimation formula based on the pulse wave before the meal to determine the blood glucose of the subject before the meal. The value can be estimated. In this case, the electronic device 100 can estimate the blood glucose level before a meal in a non-invasive and short time.
- Sufficient sample data refers to data in such an amount that an estimation formula that can estimate the blood glucose level of a subject before meals with an accuracy of a predetermined accuracy or higher can be created based on the pulse wave before meals.
- the blood glucose level to be estimated is not limited to before the meal, and the blood glucose level after the meal may be estimated based on the pulse wave after the meal.
- the blood glucose level to be estimated is not limited to before and after a meal, and the blood glucose level at an arbitrary timing may be estimated based on a pulse wave measured at an arbitrary timing.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level after a test subject's meal.
- 3rd Embodiment demonstrates an example in case the electronic device 100 estimates the lipid value after a meal of a subject.
- the lipid value includes neutral fat, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and the like. In the description of this embodiment, the description of the same points as in the first embodiment will be omitted as appropriate.
- the electronic device 100 stores an estimation formula for estimating the lipid value based on the pulse wave, for example, in the storage unit 145 in advance.
- the electronic device 100 estimates the lipid value using these estimation formulas.
- the estimation theory regarding the estimation of the lipid level based on the pulse wave is the same as the estimation theory of the blood glucose level described in the first embodiment. That is, changes in blood lipid levels are also reflected in changes in pulse wave waveforms. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can acquire a pulse wave and estimate a lipid value based on a change in the acquired pulse wave. The electronic device 100 inputs the blood glucose level together with the pulse wave at the time of lipid estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of estimating the lipid level.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for creating an estimation formula used by the electronic device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the estimation formula is created by performing regression analysis based on the sample data.
- an estimation formula is created as sample data based on a pulse wave before meal, a lipid level, and a blood glucose level.
- “before meal” refers to the subject's fasting time. After a meal, it means the time when the lipid level increases after a predetermined time after the meal (for example, about 3 hours after starting the meal).
- the estimation formula in particular, by performing regression analysis using sample data with a lipid value variation close to a normal distribution and creating the estimation formula, the subject to be examined regardless of before or after a meal. The lipid level at an arbitrary timing can be estimated.
- the estimation formula is created based on the blood glucose level of the subject before meal, and the pulse wave and lipid value associated with the blood glucose level measured by the blood glucose meter, pulse wave meter, and lipid measurement device, respectively. Input to the apparatus (step S501).
- step S502 Information on the blood glucose level of the subject after meal and the pulse wave and lipid value associated with the blood glucose level measured by the blood glucose meter, the pulse wave meter, and the lipid measurement device are input to the estimation formula creation device (step S502). ).
- the blood glucose level input in step S501 and step S502 is measured by a blood glucose meter, for example, by collecting blood.
- step S501 or step S502 the age of the subject of each sample data is also input.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus determines whether the number of samples of the sample data input in step S501 and step S502 is equal to or greater than N for performing regression analysis (step S503).
- the number N of samples can be determined as appropriate, for example, 100.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus repeats step S501 and step S502 until the number of samples becomes N or more.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus proceeds to step S504 and executes calculation of the estimation formula.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus analyzes the input pre-meal and post-meal pulse waves (step S504).
- the estimation formula creation device analyzes the pulse wave rising indices S1 and AI and the pulse rate PR before and after a meal.
- the estimation formula creation apparatus may perform FFT analysis as the analysis of the pulse wave.
- the estimation formula creation device performs regression analysis (step S505).
- the objective variable in regression analysis is the postprandial lipid value.
- the explanatory variables in the regression analysis are the age input in step S501 or step S502, and the rising indices S1, AI and pulse rate PR of the pulse wave before and after meal analyzed in step S504.
- the explanatory variable may be, for example, a Fourier coefficient calculated as a result of the FFT analysis.
- the estimation formula creation device creates an estimation formula for estimating the postprandial lipid value based on the result of the regression analysis (step S506).
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for estimating the postprandial lipid value of the subject using the estimation formula created by the flow of FIG.
- a case where the subject inputs a blood glucose level measured using a blood glucose meter from the input unit 141 of the electronic device 100 will be described.
- the electronic device 100 inputs the age of the subject based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S601).
- the electronic device 100 inputs the pre-meal blood glucose level measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation of the input unit 141 by the subject (step S602).
- the electronic device 100 measures the pulse wave before the meal of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S603).
- the electronic device 100 inputs the postprandial blood glucose level measured by the subject using the blood glucose meter based on the operation by the subject after the subject has eaten (step S604).
- the electronic device 100 measures the post-meal pulse wave of the subject based on the operation by the subject (step S605).
- the electronic device 100 analyzes the measured pulse wave (step S606). Specifically, the electronic device 100 analyzes, for example, the rising indices Sl and AI and the pulse rate PR related to the measured pulse wave.
- the electronic device 100 applies the rising indices Sl, AI and pulse rate PR analyzed in step S606 and the age of the subject to the estimation formula created in the flowchart of FIG.
- the lipid value is estimated (step S607).
- the estimated postprandial lipid value is notified to the subject from the notification unit 147 of the electronic device 100, for example.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a comparison between the postprandial lipid value estimated using the estimation formula created by the flow of FIG. 14 and the actually measured postprandial lipid value.
- the measured value (actual value) of the postprandial lipid value is shown on the horizontal axis
- the estimated value of the postprandial lipid value is shown on the vertical axis.
- the measured value of the lipid value was measured using Cobas b101 manufactured by Roche Diagnostics.
- the measured value and the estimated value are included in a range of approximately ⁇ 20%. That is, it can be said that the estimation accuracy based on the estimation formula is within 20%.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the postprandial lipid level based on the blood glucose level before and after a meal collected and measured by the subject.
- the electronic device 100 estimates a lipid level using blood glucose levels before and after a meal. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can correct (remove) the influence of the blood sugar level on the pulse wave after eating, and can estimate the lipid level. Thereby, according to the electronic device 100, the estimation precision of a lipid value improves.
- the estimation formula is created using the blood glucose level, the pulse wave, and the lipid level before and after the meal, but the creation of the estimation formula is not limited to this, and either the blood glucose level or the pulse wave before or after the meal.
- the estimation formula may be created using the lipid value.
- the electronic device 100 may estimate the lipid value of the subject at an arbitrary timing without being limited to the postprandial lipid value.
- the electronic device 100 can estimate the lipid level at an arbitrary timing in a non-invasive and short time.
- the electronic device 100 may also update the estimation formula as described in the first embodiment. That is, in the estimation of the lipid value, the estimation formula stored in the storage unit 145 based on the blood glucose level and pulse wave before the meal of the subject acquired in steps S602 to S605 and the blood glucose level and pulse wave after the meal. May be updated. Thereby, an estimation formula is updated whenever a subject estimates a blood glucose level, and the estimation accuracy of a postprandial lipid value using the estimation formula increases.
- the subject when the post-meal blood glucose level is estimated using the electronic device 100, the subject measures the pre-meal blood glucose level measured using the blood glucose meter.
- the example in the case of inputting using 141 has been described.
- the blood glucose level before a meal may be automatically input to the electronic device 100 from a blood glucose meter, for example.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically showing communication between the electronic device 100 and the blood glucose meter 160.
- the blood glucose meter 160 includes a communication unit, and can transmit and receive information via the communication unit 146 of the electronic device 100. For example, when the blood glucose meter 160 measures a blood glucose level (a blood glucose level before a meal) based on the operation of the subject, the blood glucose meter 160 transmits the blood glucose level as a measurement result to the electronic device 100.
- the electronic device 100 uses the blood glucose level acquired from the blood glucose meter 160 to estimate the post-meal blood glucose level of the subject by, for example, the flow described in FIG. 10 or FIG.
- the electronic device 100 may acquire a blood glucose level from the blood glucose meter 160 capable of communication. In this case, the electronic device 100 can estimate the lipid level based on the blood glucose level acquired from the blood glucose meter 160.
- the electronic device 100 executes the estimation of the blood glucose level and the lipid value.
- the estimation of the blood glucose level and the lipid value may not necessarily be executed by the electronic device 100.
- An example in which the blood glucose level and the lipid level are estimated by a device other than the electronic device 100 will be described.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a system according to an embodiment.
- the system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 includes an electronic device 100, a server 151, a mobile terminal 150, and a communication network.
- the pulse wave measured by the electronic device 100 is transmitted to the server 151 through the communication network, and stored in the server 151 as personal information of the subject.
- the server 151 estimates the blood glucose level or lipid level of the subject by comparing with the past acquired information of the subject and / or various databases.
- the server 151 may further create an optimal advice for the subject.
- the server 151 returns the estimation result and advice to the mobile terminal 150 owned by the subject.
- the mobile terminal 150 can construct a system that notifies the received estimation result and advice from the display unit of the mobile terminal 150.
- the server 151 can collect information from a plurality of users, so that the estimation accuracy is further improved. Since the portable terminal 150 is used as a notification unit, the electronic device 100 does not require the notification unit 147 and is further downsized. Since the electronic device 100 estimates the blood glucose level or lipid level of the subject using the server 151, the calculation burden on the control unit 143 of the electronic device 100 can be reduced. Since the electronic device 100 can store the past acquired information of the subject in the server 151, the burden on the storage unit 145 of the electronic device 100 can be reduced. Therefore, the electronic device 100 can be further downsized and simplified. The processing speed of calculation is also improved.
- the system according to the present embodiment shows a configuration in which the electronic device 100 and the mobile terminal 150 are connected via the server 151 via the communication network.
- the system according to the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- the electronic device 100 and the mobile terminal 150 may be directly connected via a communication network without using the server 151.
- the sensor unit 130 may include an optical pulse wave sensor including a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit, or may include a pressure sensor.
- the mounting of the electronic device 100 is not limited to the wrist.
- the sensor part 130 should just be arrange
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る電子機器の概略構成を示す模式図である。電子機器100は、装着部110と、測定部120とを備える。図1は、被検部に接触する裏面120aから電子機器100を観察した図である。
第1実施形態では、被験者の食前及び食後の血糖値及び脈波に基づいて推定式が作成される場合について説明した。第2実施形態では、推定式が、被検者自身の食前及び食後の血糖値及び脈波に基づいて作成される場合の一例について説明する。
第1実施形態では、電子機器100が被検者の食後の血糖値を推定する場合について説明した。第3実施形態では、電子機器100が被検者の食後の脂質値を推定する場合の一例について説明する。ここで、脂質値は、中性脂肪、総コレステロール、HDLコレステロール及びLDLコレステロール等を含む。本実施形態の説明において、第1実施形態と同様の点については、適宜その説明を省略する。
110 装着部
120 測定部
120a 裏面
120b 表面
111 開口部
130 センサ部
131 角速度センサ
132 脈あて部
133 支持部
140 弾性体
141 入力部
143 制御部
144 電源部
145 記憶部
146 通信部
147 報知部
150 携帯端末
151 サーバ
160 血糖計
Claims (7)
- 被検者の脈波を取得するセンサ部と、
血糖値及び該血糖値に対応付けられた脈波に基づいて作成された推定式と、前記センサ部が取得した前記被検者の脈波とに基づいて、前記被検者の血糖値を推定する制御部と、
を備える電子機器。 - 前記推定式は、前記被検者の血糖値及び該血糖値に対応付けられた脈波に基づいて作成される、請求項1に記載の電子機器。
- 前記制御部は、さらに前記被検者の食前の血糖値に基づいて、前記被検者の食後の血糖値を推定する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電子機器。
- 前記制御部は、前記被検者の食前の血糖値及び脈波に基づいて前記推定式を更新する、請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の電子機器。
- 被検者の脈波を取得するセンサ部と、
血糖値及び該血糖値に対応付けられた脈波に基づいて作成された推定式と、前記センサ部が取得した前記被検者の脈波とに基づいて、前記被検者の脂質値を推定する制御部と、
を備える電子機器。 - 被検者の血糖値を測定する血糖計と、
前記被検者の脈波を取得するセンサ部を有する電子機器と、を備え、
前記電子機器は、血糖値及び該血糖値に対応付けられた脈波に基づいて作成された推定式と、前記血糖計が測定した前記被検者の血糖値と、前記センサ部が取得した前記被検者の脈波とに基づいて、前記被検者の血糖値を推定する、
推定システム。 - 被検者の血糖値を測定する血糖計と、
前記被検者の脈波を取得するセンサ部を有する電子機器と、を備え、
前記電子機器は、血糖値及び該血糖値に対応付けられた脈波に基づいて作成された推定式と、前記血糖計が測定した前記被検者の血糖値と、前記センサ部が取得した前記被検者の脈波とに基づいて、前記被検者の脂質値を推定する、
推定システム。
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US20220257155A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
US11350856B2 (en) | 2022-06-07 |
JP2017185131A (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
EP3440993A4 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
US20190090793A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
US20250049353A1 (en) | 2025-02-13 |
EP3440993A1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
EP3440993B1 (en) | 2025-04-23 |
JP6685811B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
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