WO2016104375A1 - 熱線吸収性ランプカバー - Google Patents
熱線吸収性ランプカバー Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016104375A1 WO2016104375A1 PCT/JP2015/085545 JP2015085545W WO2016104375A1 WO 2016104375 A1 WO2016104375 A1 WO 2016104375A1 JP 2015085545 W JP2015085545 W JP 2015085545W WO 2016104375 A1 WO2016104375 A1 WO 2016104375A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- lamp cover
- heat
- tungsten oxide
- fine particles
- resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24 - F21S41/2805
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
- F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S43/26—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S43/235 - F21S43/255
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/0017—Devices integrating an element dedicated to another function
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2258—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat-absorbing lamp cover that is excellent in transparency and anti-fogging property with respect to a light source, such as an LED light source or a semiconductor laser, that has a small temperature rise due to lamp irradiation.
- a light source such as an LED light source or a semiconductor laser
- a methacrylic resin known as a thermoplastic resin is used as a raw material for a vehicle member such as a tail lamp cover or a meter panel because of its excellent transparency and weather resistance.
- An aromatic polycarbonate resin is also a thermoplastic resin excellent in transparency, heat resistance, and impact resistance, and is therefore used as a raw material for a vehicle member such as a headlamp cover. It is known that the tail lamp cover or the head lamp cover is coated with an anti-fogging coating film on the side of the lens chamber so that the inside of the lamp is not fogged (see Patent Document 1).
- the lamp cover itself can be given anti-fogging performance without the need to coat the tail lamp cover or head lamp cover with an anti-fogging coat, It can be performed at low cost. To that end, an anti-fogging coatless lamp cover is desired.
- LED lamps and semiconductor lasers are being used as light sources for lamps instead of conventional halogen lamps. For example, LED lamps suppress an increase in temperature of a lamp cover due to lamp irradiation. As a result, condensation tends to occur in the lamp cover. Therefore, in order to raise the temperature of the lamp cover using the LED light source, the temperature of the lamp cover needs to be increased by sunlight (heat rays), and a lamp cover that can absorb the heat rays is demanded.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a heat-absorbing lamp cover that is excellent in transparency and anti-fogging property with respect to a light source such as an LED light source or a semiconductor laser that hardly increases the temperature of the cover due to lamp irradiation.
- a heat-absorbing lamp cover having an average light transmittance of visible light of 75% or more, an average light transmittance of near infrared light of 75% or less, and a haze of 3.0% or less.
- the heat-absorbing lamp cover according to [1] comprising a resin composition containing an inorganic infrared shielding material at a ratio of 1 to 5000 ppm by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin is an acrylic resin and / or an aromatic polycarbonate resin.
- the inorganic infrared shielding material has a general formula: M x W y O z [Where: M is H, He, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth element, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Be, Hf, Represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Os, Bi and I; x, y, and z are the following formulas: 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 0.001 ⁇ x / y ⁇ 1 and 2.2 ⁇ z / y ⁇ 3.0 Is a number satisfying]
- the heat-absorbing lamp cover according to any one of [2] to [3], wherein the composite tungsten
- M is any one of [4] to [5], wherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.
- Heat-absorbing lamp cover [7] The heat-absorbing lamp cover according to any one of [4] to [6], wherein the composite tungsten oxide particles are coated with a dispersant.
- the heat ray absorbing lamp cover of the present invention an effect of being excellent in transparency and anti-fogging property can be obtained with respect to a light source such as an LED light source or a semiconductor laser in which the temperature rise of the cover is small due to lamp irradiation.
- the heat-absorbing lamp cover has an average light transmittance of visible light of 75% or more, an average light transmittance of near infrared light of 75% or less, and a haze of 3.0%. It is as follows.
- the heat ray absorbing lamp cover may be composed of a resin composition including a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic infrared shielding material.
- thermoplastic resin as the base material of the thermoplastic resin composition constituting the heat-absorbing lamp cover of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a transparent thermoplastic resin having a high light transmittance in the visible light region.
- the visible light transmittance according to JIS R3106 when it is set to a thick plate-like molded product is 50% or more, and the haze according to JIS K7105 is 30% or less.
- an acrylic resin (a resin obtained from a monomer component containing an acrylic acid monomer and / or a methacrylic acid monomer, and can also be expressed as a (meth) acrylic resin), an aromatic polycarbonate resin, a poly It is selected according to desired properties from thermoplastic resins exemplified by etherimide resin, polyester resin, polystyrene resin, polyethersulfone resin, fluororesin and polyolefin resin, and one or more of these It may be a mixture.
- an acrylic resin, particularly a methacrylic resin is preferable from the viewpoint of transparency and weather resistance
- an aromatic polycarbonate resin is preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance and impact resistance.
- the methacrylic resin that can be used as the thermoplastic resin in the present invention is preferably obtained by polymerizing a monomer component containing methyl methacrylate and an acrylate ester.
- the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, acrylate ester, etc. can be selected as appropriate, but the methyl methacrylate is 85 to 100 parts by mass and the monomer mainly composed of acrylate is 0 to 15 parts by mass. It is more preferable that methyl methacrylate is 90 to 100 parts by mass, and the monomer mainly composed of acrylate is 0 to 10 parts by mass.
- the heat resistance of a methacrylic resin can be improved by making monomers, such as acrylic ester, into the said range.
- acrylate ester examples include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and the like. It is done. Among these, methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate are preferable. In addition, only 1 type may be sufficient as acrylic ester, and 2 or more types may be sufficient as it.
- the polymerization method for polymerizing the monomer component is not particularly limited, and for example, known polymerization methods such as suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, and bulk polymerization can be employed. Among these, bulk polymerization is preferable. . Both batch type and continuous type can be adopted as the bulk polymerization.
- the bulk polymerization is obtained by allowing the monomer component, the polymerization initiator, etc. to stay in the reaction vessel for a predetermined time while being continuously supplied into the reaction vessel.
- a polymer can be obtained with high productivity by the method of continuously extracting the resulting partial polymer.
- the polymerization initiator used when polymerizing the monomer component is not particularly limited.
- an azo compound such as azobisisobutyronitrile, 1,1-di (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane
- a known radical polymerization initiator such as peroxide can be used.
- 1 type may be sufficient as a polymerization initiator, and 2 or more types may be sufficient as it.
- a chain transfer agent can be used as necessary.
- the chain transfer agent is not particularly limited, and preferred examples include mercaptans such as n-butyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, and the like.
- mercaptans such as n-butyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, and the like.
- 1 type may be sufficient as a chain transfer agent, and 2 or more types may be sufficient as it.
- the molecular weight distribution index represented by the weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight of the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.8 to 6.0.
- a method using various radical polymerization initiators, a method using various chain transfer agents, and a multistage polymerization process are combined.
- a known polymerization method such as a method is preferably used.
- the methacrylic resin having a molecular weight distribution index of 2.2 or more may be produced by mixing two or more methacrylic resins having different weight average molecular weights.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited, and a melt kneading method, a solvent kneading method, a dry blend method, and the like are used. From the viewpoint of productivity, the melt kneading method and the dry blend method are preferably used.
- a normal mixer, a kneader, or the like can be used as an apparatus used for mixing.
- a single-screw kneading extruder a twin-screw kneading extruder, a ribbon blender, a Henschel mixer, a Banbury mixer, a drum tumbler, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- methacrylic resin used in the present invention various additives as necessary, for example, antioxidants, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants, processing aids, antistatic agents, colorants, impact resistance aids. , Foaming agents, fillers, matting agents and the like may be included.
- Aromaatic polycarbonate resin examples of the aromatic polycarbonate resin that can be used as a thermoplastic resin in the present invention include those obtained by reacting a dihydric phenol and a carbonylating agent by an interfacial polycondensation method or a melt transesterification method; Examples thereof include those obtained by polymerizing a polymer by a solid phase transesterification method and the like; those obtained by polymerizing a cyclic carbonate compound by a ring opening polymerization method, and the like.
- dihydric phenol examples include hydroquinone, resorcinol, 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl) phenyl ⁇ methane, 1,1- Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenylethane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (commonly called bisphenol A), 2,2-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromo ) Phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis ⁇ (3-isopropyl-4-hydroxy) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis ⁇ (4 -Hydroxy-3-phenyl) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)
- bisphenol A 2,2-bis ⁇ (4-hydroxy-3-methyl) phenyl ⁇ propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane, 2,2-bis (4 -Hydroxyphenyl) -3-methylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3-dimethylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -4-methylpentane, 1,1-bis (4-Hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and ⁇ , ⁇ ′-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -m-diisopropylbenzene are preferred.
- carbonylating agent examples include carbonyl halide (such as phosgene), carbonate ester (such as diphenyl carbonate), and haloformate (such as dihaloformate of dihydric phenol). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- additives such as a mold release agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a dye, a pigment, a polymerization inhibitor, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, and a reinforcing material are contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. May be.
- the heat-absorbing lamp cover of the present invention is composed of a resin composition containing an inorganic infrared shielding material at a ratio of 1 to 5000 ppm by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin.
- the average particle diameter of inorganic particles (including composite tungsten oxide fine particles described later) contained in the inorganic infrared shielding material used in the present invention is usually 1 nm to 800 nm, preferably 1 nm to 500 nm. 1 nm to 300 nm is more preferable, and 1 nm to 100 nm is more preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles means the dispersed particle diameter when the inorganic particles are dispersed.
- the average particle diameter (dispersed particle diameter) of the inorganic particles can be measured with various commercially available particle size distribution analyzers. For example, it can be measured using ESL-800 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. based on the dynamic light scattering method.
- the inorganic infrared shielding material examples include a tungsten inorganic infrared shielding material, a lanthanum inorganic infrared shielding material, a tin inorganic infrared shielding material, and an antimony infrared shielding agent.
- tungsten-based inorganic infrared shielding materials are preferable from the viewpoint of infrared shielding performance and haze, and composite tungsten oxide fine particles are particularly preferred among them.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles used in the present invention preferably have the general formula: M x W y O z [Wherein M is H, He, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth element, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re, Represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Be, Hf, Os, Bi, and I, wherein x, y, and z are represented by the following formula: 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0.001 ⁇ x / y ⁇ 1, and 2.2 ⁇ z / y ⁇ 3.0 It is a number that satisfies ] It is the following formula: 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇
- M is preferably at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba, and is preferably K, Rb, or Cs.
- the range of x is preferably 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5, and more preferably 0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.4.
- the ranges of x / y and z / y are each preferably 0.01 ⁇ x / y ⁇ 0.5, 2.7 ⁇ z / y ⁇ 3.0, and 0.2 ⁇ x / y ⁇ 0.4. 2.8 ⁇ z / y ⁇ 3.0 is more preferable.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles can be obtained by heat-treating a starting tungsten compound in an inert gas atmosphere or a reducing gas atmosphere.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles obtained through the heat treatment have sufficient near-infrared shielding power and have desirable properties as infrared shielding fine particles.
- the starting material of the composite tungsten oxide fine particles represented by the general formula M x W y O z is a tungsten compound containing the element M in the form of a single element or a compound.
- the element M is contained in the form of elemental element or compound, tungsten trioxide powder, tungsten oxide powder, tungsten oxide hydrate, tungsten hexachloride powder, ammonium tungstate powder, tungsten hexachloride.
- the hydrate powder is one or more selected from the group consisting of a tungsten compound powder obtained by drying an ammonium tungstate aqueous solution, and a metal tungsten powder.
- the tungsten compound containing the element M is water, an organic solvent, or the like. It is preferable that it is soluble in a solvent. Examples of such compounds include, but are not limited to, tungstate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, oxalate, oxide, carbonate, hydroxide, etc. containing element M. It is preferable that it is in the form of a solution.
- tungsten trioxide powder As starting materials for obtaining composite tungsten oxide fine particles represented by the general formula M x W y O z , tungsten trioxide powder, tungsten oxide powder, tungsten oxide hydrate, tungsten hexachloride powder, tungstic acid Ammonium powder, tungsten oxide hydrate powder obtained by dissolving tungsten hexachloride in alcohol and dried, or tungsten hexachloride dissolved in alcohol and water added to precipitate it.
- One or more kinds of powders selected from the group consisting of tungsten oxide hydrate powder obtained by drying, tungsten compound powder obtained by drying ammonium tungstate aqueous solution, and metal tungsten powder, and the M Use powder that is mixed with simple substance or compound powder containing element Door can be.
- the tungsten compound which is a starting material for obtaining the composite tungsten oxide fine particles is a solution or a dispersion
- each element can be easily and uniformly mixed.
- the starting material of the composite tungsten oxide fine particles is a powder obtained by mixing an alcohol solution of tungsten hexachloride or an ammonium tungstate aqueous solution with a solution of the compound containing the M element and then drying. Further preferred.
- the starting material of the composite tungsten oxide fine particles is a dispersion in which tungsten hexachloride is dissolved in alcohol and then water is added to form a precipitate, and a simple substance or compound containing the M element. It is also preferable that the powder or a powder of the compound containing the element M is mixed and then dried.
- Examples of the compound containing M element include, but are not limited to, M element tungstate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, oxalate, oxide, carbonate, hydroxide, and the like. Any solution can be used. Furthermore, in particular, when the composite tungsten oxide fine particles are industrially produced, a production method using a tungsten oxide hydrate powder or tungsten trioxide and an M element carbonate or hydroxide is a heat treatment. Since no harmful gas or the like is generated at such a stage, it is preferably employed.
- the heat treatment condition in the inert atmosphere of the composite tungsten oxide fine particles is preferably 650 ° C. or higher.
- the starting material heat-treated at 650 ° C. or higher has a sufficient near-infrared shielding power and has good efficiency as infrared shielding fine particles.
- an inert gas such as Ar or N 2 is preferably used.
- the heat treatment conditions in the reducing atmosphere first, the starting material is heat-treated at 100 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower in the reducing gas atmosphere, and then heat-treated at a temperature of 650 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower in an inert gas atmosphere. It is preferable to do.
- the reducing gas at this time is not particularly limited, but H 2 is preferable.
- the volume ratio of H 2 is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 2% or more, as the composition of the reducing atmosphere. H 2 can be advanced efficiently reduced if more than 0.1% by volume.
- the surface of the fine particles of the infrared shielding material obtained in the above process is coated with an oxide containing one or more kinds of metals selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Zr, and Al. From the viewpoint of improving the property.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, the surface of the infrared shielding material fine particles can be coated by adding the metal alkoxide to the solution in which the infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles are preferably coated with a dispersant.
- the dispersant include polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polyarylate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, fluororesin, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, silicone resins and derivatives thereof. It is done.
- the composite tungsten oxide fine particles are coated with these dispersants, so that the dispersibility when added to the resin is improved, and further, the mechanical properties are prevented from being lowered.
- composite tungsten oxide fine particles and a dispersant are dissolved in a solvent such as toluene and stirred to prepare a dispersion, and then the composite tungsten oxide is removed by removing the solvent by a process such as vacuum drying.
- a solvent such as toluene
- a process such as vacuum drying.
- thermoplastic resin particularly an acrylic resin
- a method of directly adding composite tungsten oxide fine particles or coated composite tungsten oxide fine particles The method of adding after diluting with a thermoplastic resin, especially an acrylic resin is mentioned.
- the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention is preferably blended with an inorganic infrared shielding material for the purpose of imparting heat absorption.
- the inorganic infrared shielding material used in the present invention is preferably a composite oxide composed of a tungsten oxide component and cesium tungsten oxide.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the inorganic infrared shielding material to 100 parts by mass of the resin component is preferably 5000 ppm by mass or less, preferably 3000 ppm by mass or less, and 2000 ppm by mass from the viewpoint of transparency and fine dispersion. The following is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the above ratio is preferably 10 ppm by mass or more, preferably 100 ppm by mass or more, and more preferably 20 ppm by mass or more from the viewpoint of heat ray absorbability.
- the heat ray absorbing lamp cover of the present invention preferably has an average visible light transmittance of 75% or more, more preferably 80% or more.
- the average light transmittance of visible light is usually measured as a transmittance in a wavelength region of 380 to 780 nm in a state of a molded body having a thickness of 2 mm.
- the average light transmittance of near infrared light is preferably 75% or less, and more preferably 70% or less.
- the average light transmittance of near-infrared light is usually measured as the transmittance in the wavelength region of 800 nm to 2000 nm.
- the heat ray absorptive lamp cover of this invention has favorable transparency, and a haze is 3.0% or less.
- the haze is usually measured for a molded body having a thickness of 2 mm.
- Inorganic infrared shielding materials reduce the light transmittance in the wavelength region of 800 to 2000 nm, and the shielding ability can also affect the high wavelength region of the visible region below 800 nm. As a result, the lamp cover is bluish. I can see it. In order to suppress this phenomenon, it is effective to add a small amount of dye to such an extent that the average transmittance in the visible band 380 to 780 nm can be maintained at 75% or more. For example, a nearly colorless lamp cover can be obtained by adding a red, orange or yellow dye in such an amount that the average light transmittance at 380 to 780 nm is reduced by 1%.
- examples of orange dyes include color index number S.I. O. 60 and the like
- yellow index dyes include the color index number S.I. G. 5, S.M. Y. 16, S.M. Y. 157, S.M. Y. 33, D.E. Y. 54 and the like.
- the type of the dye is not limited, but a dye that does not impair the transparency, heat resistance, and light resistance of the heat ray absorbing lamp cover is preferable.
- the addition amount of the dye is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the composite infrared shielding material fine particles. An addition amount of 10 parts by mass or less is preferable because the transmittance is not substantially reduced, and an addition amount of 0.1 parts by mass or more is preferable because the color tone can be prevented from being bluish.
- the heat ray absorbing lamp cover of the present invention is usually obtained by injection molding.
- the lamp cover of the present invention uses the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin or thermoplastic resin composition as a molding material, and fills (injects) this into a mold in a molten state, and then cools the molded molded body after cooling. It can be obtained by peeling from the mold.
- the above-mentioned methacrylic resin composition is charged from a hopper, retreated while rotating a screw, the resin composition is measured in a cylinder, the resin composition is melted, and pressure is applied.
- the lamp cover of the present invention can be produced by filling the molten resin composition into a mold, holding the pressure for a certain period of time until the mold is sufficiently cooled, and then opening the mold and taking out the molded product.
- the conditions for producing the lamp cover of the present invention for example, the melting temperature of the molding material, the mold temperature when the molding material is injected into the mold, and the pressure holding after filling the mold with the resin composition
- the pressure may be appropriately set and is not particularly limited.
- thermoplastic resin a methacrylic resin (“SUMIPEX MH” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), an inorganic infrared shielding material [“YMDS-874” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (Cs 0.33 WO 3 (average particle diameter)) 5 nm) Infrared shielding agent comprising about 23% by mass and an organic dispersion resin)] 1300 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 300 mass ppm) (ratio to 100 parts by mass of thermoplastic resin, and so on) Mixed.
- SUMIPEX MH methacrylic resin
- inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (Cs 0.33 WO 3 (average particle diameter)) 5 nm) Infrared shielding agent comprising about 23% by mass and an organic dispersion resin)] 1300 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles
- melt-kneading so that the resin temperature is 250 ° C., extruding into a strand, cooling with water and cutting with a strand cutter to obtain pellets, and heat compression molding
- a 100 mm square plate having a thickness of 2 mm at a molding temperature of 210 ° C. was produced using a machine.
- the dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 2 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 650 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 150 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 3 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 330 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles, approximately 75 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 4 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 160 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles, approximately 37 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- thermoplastic resin A methacrylic resin (“SUMIPEX MH” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a thermoplastic resin is melt-kneaded so that the resin temperature becomes 250 ° C. using a single screw extruder (screw diameter: 40 mm) to form a strand. By extruding, cooling with water and cutting with a strand cutter, pellets were obtained, and a 100 mm square plate having a thickness of 2 mm was produced at a molding temperature of 210 ° C. using a heat compression molding machine.
- SUMIPEX MH manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- thermoplastic resin such as aromatic polycarbonate resin (“Caliver 301-40” manufactured by Sumika Stylon Polycarbonate Co., Ltd.) and inorganic infrared shielding material [“YMDS-874” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (Cs 0.33 WO) 3 (infrared shielding agent comprising an average particle size of 5 nm) and an organic dispersion resin)] of 1300 ppm by mass (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles of about 300 ppm by mass) (ratio to 100 parts by mass of thermoplastic resin) , And so on).
- aromatic polycarbonate resin (“Caliver 301-40” manufactured by Sumika Stylon Polycarbonate Co., Ltd.)
- inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (Cs 0.33 WO) 3 (infrared shielding agent comprising an average particle size of 5 nm) and an organic dispersion resin)] of 1300
- Example 6 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 650 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 150 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 7 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 260 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 60 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 8 A flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” was mixed at a ratio of 130 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 30 mass ppm). The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- thermoplastic resin (“Caliver 301-40” manufactured by Sumika Stylon Polycarbonate Co., Ltd.) as a thermoplastic resin is melt kneaded using a single screw extruder (screw diameter 20 mm) so that the resin temperature is 240 ° C. Then, it was extruded into a strand shape, cooled with water and cut with a strand cutter to obtain pellets, and a 100 mm square plate having a thickness of 2 mm at a molding temperature of 220 ° C. was produced using a heat compression molding machine.
- Example 9 As a thermoplastic resin, a methacrylic resin (“SUMIPEX MH” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), an inorganic infrared shielding material [“KHDS-06” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
- SUMIPEX MH methacrylic resin
- KHDS-06 inorganic infrared shielding material
- melt-kneading so that the resin temperature is 250 ° C., extruding into a strand, cooling with water and cutting with a strand cutter to obtain pellets, and heat compression molding
- a 100 mm square plate having a thickness of 2 mm at a molding temperature of 210 ° C. was produced using a machine.
- the dispersion particle diameter (average dispersion particle diameter of the two kinds of inorganic particles) of the inorganic particles (LaB 6 fine particles and ATO fine particles) in the plate was 60 nm.
- Example 10 Inorganic infrared shielding material “KHDS-06” was mixed at a rate of 15.7 mass ppm (LaB 6 microparticles about 3.4 mass ppm) and “FMDS-874” was mixed at a rate of 516 mass ppm (ATO microparticles about 128 mass ppm).
- a flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 9 except that.
- the dispersion particle diameter (average dispersion particle diameter of the two kinds of inorganic particles) of the inorganic particles (two kinds of LaB 6 fine particles and ATO fine particles) in the plate was 60 nm.
- thermoplastic resin a methacrylic resin (“SUMIPEX MH” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), an inorganic infrared shielding material [“YMDS-874” manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (Cs 0.33 WO 3 (average particle diameter)) 5 nm) Infrared shielding agent comprising about 23% by mass and an organic dispersion resin)] 1300 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 300 mass ppm), red dye [Sumiplast Red H3G, manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd. (Color index number: S.R.
- Example 12 A flat plate was formed in the same manner as in Example 11 except that a red dye [Sumiplast Red H3G (color index number: SR 135) manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd.] was mixed at a ratio of 3.3 ppm by mass. Was made.
- the dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 13 Inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” in a proportion of 1090 ppm by mass (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles approximately 250 ppm by mass), red dye [Sumiplast Red H3G, manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd. (color index number) : S.R.135)] was mixed at a rate of 3.5 mass ppm, and a flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 11. The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- Example 14 Inorganic infrared shielding material “YMDS-874” at a ratio of 870 mass ppm (Cs 0.33 WO 3 fine particles about 200 mass ppm), red dye [Sumiplast Red H3G manufactured by Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd. (color index number) : S.R.135)] was mixed in the proportion of 2.9 ppm by mass, and a flat plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 11. The dispersed particle diameter of the inorganic particles (composite tungsten oxide fine particles) in the plate was 70 nm.
- the average value of the obtained light transmittance of 380 nm to 780 nm is “average light transmittance of visible light”
- the average value of light transmittance of 800 nm to 2000 nm is “average light transmittance of near infrared light”.
- the average value of the light transmittance from 400 nm to 480 nm was defined as “average light transmittance of blue light”.
- the “blueness” was calculated as “average light transmittance of blue light” ⁇ “average light transmittance of visible light”. A larger blueness value means stronger blueness.
- ⁇ Haze> The haze having a thickness of 2 mm was measured according to JIS-K7136 using an HR-100 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory.
- a 100 mm square flat plate having a thickness of 2 mm was produced at a molding temperature of 210 ° C. using a heat compression molding machine.
- the heat ray absorptive lamp cover of the present invention can be used as a cover for covering an arbitrary light source, and can be particularly preferably used as a cover for a light source in which the temperature rise of the cover due to lamp irradiation is small.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕 可視光の平均光線透過率が75%以上、近赤外光の平均光線透過率が75%以下であり、かつ、ヘイズが3.0%以下である熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔2〕 熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して無機系赤外線遮蔽材料を1~5000質量ppmの割合で含む樹脂組成物から構成される、前記〔1〕に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔3〕 前記熱可塑性樹脂はアクリル系樹脂および/または芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂である、前記〔2〕に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔4〕 前記無機系赤外線遮蔽材料は、一般式:
MxWyOz
[式中、
Mは、H、He、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類元素、Mg、Zr、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Si、Ge、Sn、Pb、Sb、B、F、P、S、Se、Br、Te、Ti、Nb、V、Mo、Ta、Re、Be、Hf、Os、BiおよびIからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表し、
x、y、zは、下記式:
0.01≦x≦1
0.001≦x/y≦1 及び
2.2≦z/y≦3.0
を満たす数である]
で表される複合タングステン酸化物微粒子である、前記〔2〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔5〕 前記複合タングステン酸化物微粒子の平均粒子径は1nm~800nmである、前記〔4〕に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔6〕 MはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す、前記〔4〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
〔7〕 前記複合タングステン酸化物粒子は分散剤で被覆されている、〔4〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
本発明の熱線吸収性ランプカバーを構成する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の基材としての熱可塑性樹脂は、可視光領域の光線透過率が高い透明の熱可塑性樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば2mm厚の板状成形体としたときのJIS R 3106に従う可視光透過率が50%以上で、JIS K7105に従うヘイズが30%以下のものが挙げられる。具体的には、アクリル系樹脂(アクリル酸モノマーおよび/またはメタクリル酸モノマーを含む単量体成分から得られる樹脂であって、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂とも表現され得る)、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、フッ素系樹脂およびポリオレフィン樹脂に例示される熱可塑性樹脂の中から所望の特性に応じて選択され、これらの1種または2種以上の混合物であってよい。中でも透明性や耐候性の点からはアクリル系樹脂、特にメタクリル系樹脂が好ましく、耐熱性や耐衝撃性の点からは芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂が好ましい。
本発明において熱可塑性樹脂として用いることができるメタクリル系樹脂は、好適には、メタクリル酸メチルとアクリル酸エステルとを含む単量体成分を重合して得られる。メタクリル酸メチルやアクリル酸エステル等の質量割合は適宜選択されうるが、メタクリル酸メチルが85~100質量部、アクリル酸エステルを主とする単量体が0~15質量部の質量割合であるのが好ましく、メタクリル酸メチルが90~100質量部、アクリル酸エステルを主とする単量体が0~10質量部の質量割合であるのがより好ましい。アクリル酸エステル等の単量体を上記範囲にすることにより、メタクリル系樹脂の耐熱性を高めることができる。
本発明において熱可塑性樹脂として用いることができる芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂としては、例えば、二価フェノールとカルボニル化剤とを界面重縮合法や溶融エステル交換法などで反応させることにより得られるもの;カーボネートプレポリマーを固相エステル交換法などで重合させることにより得られるもの;環状カーボネート化合物を開環重合法で重合させることにより得られるものなどが挙げられる。
本発明の熱線吸収性ランプカバーは、熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して無機系赤外線遮蔽材料を1~5000質量ppmの割合で含む樹脂組成物から構成されることが、赤外線遮蔽性能と曇り度の観点から好ましい。
本発明で使用される無機系赤外線遮蔽材料に含有される無機粒子(後述する複合タングステン酸化物微粒子を含む)の平均粒子径は、通常1nm~800nmであり、1nm~500nmであることが好ましく、1nm~300nmがより好ましく、1nm~100nmがさらに好ましい。平均粒子径が1nm以上であると凝集効果を抑制できるため分散性不良を効果的に防止でき、500nm以下であると透明樹脂成形品の曇り度が高くなることを効果的に防止できる。なお、本発明において、無機粒子の平均粒子径は、無機粒子が分散している場合には、その分散粒子径を意味するものとする。無機粒子の平均粒子径(分散粒子径)は、市販されている種々の粒度分布計で測定することができる。例えば、動的光散乱法を原理とした大塚電子(株)社製、ESL-800を用いて測定することができる。この無機系赤外線遮蔽材料としては、タングステン系無機系赤外線遮蔽材料、ランタン系無機系赤外線遮蔽材料、スズ系無機系赤外線遮蔽材料、アンチモン系赤外線遮蔽剤等が挙げられる。この中でも赤外線遮蔽性能と曇り度の観点よりタングステン系無機系赤外線遮蔽材料が好ましく、その中でも複合タングステン酸化物微粒子が特に好ましい。
本発明で使用される複合タングステン酸化物微粒子は、好適には、一般式:
MxWyOz
[式中、Mは、H、He、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類元素、Mg、Zr、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Si、Ge、Sn、Pb、Sb、B、F、P、S、Se、Br、Te、Ti、Nb、V、Mo、Ta、Re、Be、Hf、Os、Bi、およびIからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表し、ここで、x、y、zは下記式:
0.01≦x≦1、
0.001≦x/y≦1、及び
2.2≦z/y≦3.0
を満たす数である。]
で表される複合タングステン酸化物微粒子である。そのなかでもMがLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素であることが好ましく、K、Rb、またはCsであることが最も好ましい。また、xの範囲は0.01≦x≦0.5が好ましく、0.2≦x≦0.4の範囲がより好ましい。さらに、x/y、z/yの範囲はそれぞれ0.01≦x/y≦0.5、2.7≦z/y≦3.0が好ましく、0.2≦x/y≦0.4、2.8≦z/y≦3.0がより好ましい。
一般式MxWyOzで表記される複合タングステン酸化物微粒子を得るための出発原料として、3酸化タングステン粉末、2酸化タングステン粉末、タングステン酸化物の水和物、6塩化タングステン粉末、タングステン酸アンモニウム粉末、6塩化タングステンをアルコール中に溶解させた後乾燥して得られるタングステン酸化物の水和物粉末、もしくは、6塩化タングステンをアルコール中に溶解させたのち水を添加して沈殿させこれを乾燥して得られるタングステン酸化物の水和物粉末、タングステン酸アンモニウム水溶液を乾燥して得られるタングステン化合物粉末、および金属タングステン粉末からなる群から選ばれたいずれか一種類以上の粉末と、前記M元素を含有する単体または化合物の粉末とを、混合した粉末を用いることが出来る。
当該観点より、複合タングステン酸化物の微粒子の出発原料が、6塩化タングステンのアルコール溶液またはタングステン酸アンモニウム水溶液と、前記M元素を含有する化合物の溶液とを、混合した後乾燥した粉末であることがさらに好ましい。
熱可塑性樹脂としてメタクリル系樹脂(住友化学(株)製「スミペックスMH」)に、無機系赤外線遮蔽材料[住友金属鉱山(株)製「YMDS-874」(Cs0.33WO3(平均粒子径5nm)約23質量%および有機分散樹脂からなる赤外線遮蔽剤)]を1300質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約300質量ppm)の割合(熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対する割合、以下も同様)で混合した。次いで、1軸押出機(スクリュー径40mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が250℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することによりペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度210℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を650質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約150質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を330質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約75質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を160質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約37質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
熱可塑性樹脂としてメタクリル系樹脂(住友化学(株)製「スミペックスMH」)を、1軸押出機(スクリュー径40mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が250℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することにより、ペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度210℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。
熱可塑性樹脂として芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(住化スタイロンポリカーボネート(株)製「カリバー301-40」)に、無機系赤外線遮蔽材料[住友金属鉱山(株)製「YMDS-874」(Cs0.33WO3(平均粒子径5nm)約23質量%および有機分散樹脂からなる赤外線遮蔽剤)]を1300質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約300質量ppm)の割合(熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対する割合、以下も同様)で混合した。次いで、1軸押出機(スクリュー径20mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が240℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することによりペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度220℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を650質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約150質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を260質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約60質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を130質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約30質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
熱可塑性樹脂として芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(住化スタイロンポリカーボネート(株)製「カリバー301-40」)を、1軸押出機(スクリュー径20mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が240℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することにより、ペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度220℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。
熱可塑性樹脂としてメタクリル系樹脂(住友化学(株)製「スミペックスMH」)に、無機系赤外線遮蔽材料[住友金属鉱山(株)製「KHDS-06」(LaB6約22%および有機分散樹脂からなる赤外線遮蔽剤)]を23.5質量ppm(LaB6微粒子 約5.1質量ppm)及び、無機系赤外線遮蔽材料[住友金属鉱山(株)製「FMDS-874」(ATO(アンチモンドープ酸化錫)約25%および有機分散樹脂からなる赤外線遮蔽剤)]を766質量ppm(ATO微粒子 約190質量ppm)の割合(熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対する割合、以下も同様)で混合した。次いで、1軸押出機(スクリュー径40mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が250℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することによりペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度210℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(LaB6微粒子とATO微粒子)の分散粒子径(2種の無機粒子の平均の分散粒子径)は、60nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「KHDS-06」を15.7質量ppm(LaB6微粒子 約3.4質量ppm)、「FMDS-874」を516質量ppm(ATO微粒子 約128質量ppm)の割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例9と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(LaB6微粒子とATO微粒子の2種)の分散粒子径(2種の無機粒子の平均の分散粒子径)は、60nmであった。
熱可塑性樹脂としてメタクリル系樹脂(住友化学(株)製「スミペックスMH」)に、無機系赤外線遮蔽材料[住友金属鉱山(株)製「YMDS-874」(Cs0.33WO3(平均粒子径5nm)約23質量%および有機分散樹脂からなる赤外線遮蔽剤)]を1300質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約300質量ppm)、赤色染料[住化ケムテックス(株)製「Sumiplast Red H3G」(カラーインデックスナンバー:S.R.135)]を4.4質量ppmの割合(熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対する割合、以下も同様)で混合した。次いで、1軸押出機(スクリュー径40mm)を用いて、樹脂温度が250℃になるように溶融混練してストランド状に押し出し、水冷してストランドカッターで切断することによりペレットを得、加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度210℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
赤色染料[住化ケムテックス(株)製「Sumiplast Red H3G」(カラーインデックスナンバー:S.R.135)]を3.3質量ppmの割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を1090質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約250質量ppm)の割合で、赤色染料[住化ケムテックス(株)製「Sumiplast Red H3G」(カラーインデックスナンバー:S.R.135)]を3.5質量ppmの割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
無機系赤外線遮蔽材料「YMDS-874」を870質量ppm(Cs0.33WO3微粒子 約200質量ppm)の割合で、赤色染料[住化ケムテックス(株)製「Sumiplast Red H3G」(カラーインデックスナンバー:S.R.135)]を2.9質量ppmの割合で混合したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして平板を作製した。板中の無機粒子(複合タングステン酸化物微粒子)の分散粒子径は、70nmであった。
作製した平板の2mmの光路長における光線透過率を、(株)日立製作所製のプラスチック特性測定システム(U-4000型分光光度計)を用いて、波長300nm~2000nmの範囲で5nm毎に測定し、得られた光線透過率の380nm~780nmの平均値を「可視光の平均光線透過率」とし、光線透過率の800nm~2000nmの平均値を「近赤外光の平均光線透過率」とし、光線透過率の400nm~480nmの平均値を「青色光の平均光線透過率」とした。「青味度」を、「青色光の平均光線透過率」-「可視光の平均光線透過率」として算出した。青味度の値が大きいほど青味が強いことを意味する。結果を表1~4に示す。
上記で作製した平板2mm厚みのヘイズをJIS-K7136に準拠して、村上色彩技術研究所製HR-100を用いて測定した。
加熱圧縮成形機を用いて成形温度210℃で2mmの厚さを有する100mm角の平板を作製した。図1に示すように、40Wの白熱球ランプから5cmの位置に平板(厚さt=2mmの試験片)を置き、照射1時間後の点灯させた状態での平板の温度を、接触式温度計を用いて測定した。照射後の板の表面温度が高いほど防曇性に優れると言える。
Claims (7)
- 可視光の平均光線透過率が75%以上、近赤外光の平均光線透過率が75%以下であり、かつ、ヘイズが3.0%以下である熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
- 熱可塑性樹脂100質量部に対して無機系赤外線遮蔽材料を1~5000質量ppmの割合で含む樹脂組成物から構成される、請求項1に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂はアクリル系樹脂および/または芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂である、請求項2に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
- 前記無機系赤外線遮蔽材料は、一般式:
MxWyOz
[式中、
Mは、H、He、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、希土類元素、Mg、Zr、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ru、Co、Rh、Ir、Ni、Pd、Pt、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Si、Ge、Sn、Pb、Sb、B、F、P、S、Se、Br、Te、Ti、Nb、V、Mo、Ta、Re、Be、Hf、Os、BiおよびIからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表し、
x、y、zは、下記式:
0.01≦x≦1
0.001≦x/y≦1 及び
2.2≦z/y≦3.0
を満たす数である]
で表される複合タングステン酸化物微粒子である、請求項2~3のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。 - 前記複合タングステン酸化物微粒子の平均粒子径は1nm~800nmである、請求項4に記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
- MはLi、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、SrおよびBaからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素を表す、請求項4~5のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
- 前記複合タングステン酸化物粒子は分散剤で被覆されている、請求項4~6のいずれかに記載の熱線吸収性ランプカバー。
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