WO2016006677A1 - 吸引器または加圧器 - Google Patents
吸引器または加圧器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016006677A1 WO2016006677A1 PCT/JP2015/069851 JP2015069851W WO2016006677A1 WO 2016006677 A1 WO2016006677 A1 WO 2016006677A1 JP 2015069851 W JP2015069851 W JP 2015069851W WO 2016006677 A1 WO2016006677 A1 WO 2016006677A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- suction
- unit
- piezoelectric element
- amplitude
- pump
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 206010039101 Rhinorrhoea Diseases 0.000 claims description 33
- 208000036071 Rhinorrhea Diseases 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000010753 nasal discharge Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/80—Suction pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/84—Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3344—Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
- A61M2210/06—Head
- A61M2210/0618—Nose
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aspirator or a pressurizer equipped with a pump.
- This nasal mucus suction device includes a vacuum generating means, a nasal mucus storage cylinder, an inlet, and an operating means.
- the vacuum generating means and the runny nose preservation cylinder are connected by a pipe line.
- the runny nose storage cylinder is connected to an inlet through which the runny nose is inhaled.
- the operating means switches between inhalation and inhalation stop.
- nasal aspirator when the suction port is inserted into the nasal cavity and the button of the operating means is pressed, nasal fluid is inhaled from the suction port due to the vacuum generated by the vacuum generating means, and the nasal fluid is stored in the nasal fluid storage cylinder.
- the button of the actuating means is released, the suction is interrupted by releasing the vacuum state.
- some conventional pressurizers are used for bedsore prevention beds.
- the conventional bedsore prevention bed one side of the user's body is lifted by an air cell that is pressurized and expanded by a pressurizer. This prevents the user from getting out of bed by turning the user upside down.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an aspirator or a pressurizer that can apply an appropriate pressure depending on the situation.
- the suction device or pressurizer of the present invention includes a pump, a detection unit, and a control unit.
- the pump is driven by a piezoelectric element and has a suction part and a discharge part.
- the detection unit detects a closed state of the suction unit or the discharge unit.
- the control unit adjusts the output voltage to the piezoelectric element according to the closed state of the suction unit or the discharge unit detected by the detection unit.
- the output voltage to the piezoelectric element is automatically adjusted according to the closed state of the suction part. For example, when it is difficult to suck a runny nose, the amplitude of the output voltage becomes large, and the runny nose is sucked with a high suction pressure. When the runny nose is easily sucked, the amplitude of the output voltage is moderate, and the runny nose is sucked at a low suction pressure. When the runny nose suction is completed or when there is no runny nose, the amplitude of the output voltage decreases. In this way, since the suction device can be operated with the minimum necessary voltage, the power consumption during operation can be reduced.
- the amplitude of the output voltage increases only when it is difficult to inhale the runny nose. In other words, when the runny nose suction is completed or when there is no runny nose, the amplitude of the output voltage becomes small. For this reason, since a large amount of air is not sucked out from the nasal cavity, adverse effects on the human body can be reduced.
- the blocking state of the discharge part of the pump changes depending on whether or not the user has turned over.
- the output voltage to the piezoelectric element is automatically adjusted according to whether or not the user has turned over.
- the detection unit may detect a pressure difference between the suction unit and the discharge unit.
- the pressure difference between the suction part and the discharge part changes depending on whether the suction part or the discharge part is closed. For this reason, in this configuration, the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part can be detected by detecting the pressure difference between the suction part and the discharge part.
- it is possible to determine the difficulty of nasal discharge by changing the amplitude of the output voltage step by step and detecting the suction pressure each time.
- the detection unit may detect the flow rate flowing from the suction unit to the discharge unit.
- the flow rate changes depending on whether the suction part or the discharge part is closed. For this reason, in this configuration, the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part can be detected by detecting the flow rate as described above.
- the impedance of the piezoelectric element is preferably used for detection by the detection unit.
- the quantity related to the impedance of the piezoelectric element such as the magnitude and phase of the impedance of the piezoelectric element and the frequency at which the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element is minimized, varies depending on whether the suction part or the discharge part is blocked. . For this reason, in this configuration, the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part can be detected using the impedance of the piezoelectric element.
- the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element at the driving frequency of the pump may be used for detection by the detection unit.
- the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element is an amplitude ratio between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element and the output voltage to the piezoelectric element. For this reason, in this configuration, it is possible to detect the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part by measuring the current flowing through the piezoelectric element. Further, when the current is measured, the number of components of the circuit that realizes the detection unit is reduced, so that the circuit that realizes the detection unit can be downsized.
- the phase of the impedance of the piezoelectric element at the pump drive frequency may be used for detection by the detector.
- the phase of the impedance of the piezoelectric element is the phase difference between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element and the output voltage to the piezoelectric element.
- a frequency at which the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element is minimized may be used for detection by the detection unit.
- the frequency at which the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element is minimized is the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element. For this reason, in this configuration, it is possible to detect the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part by calculating the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element.
- the vibration of the piezoelectric element can be increased without changing the amplitude of the output voltage, and a high suction pressure or pressure can be obtained.
- the aspirator or pressurizer of the present invention may be provided with an indicator for notifying the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part detected by the detection part.
- the closed state of the suction part or the discharge part can be known by the indicator.
- the suction target may be a runny nose.
- the runny nose can be sucked.
- an aspirator or a pressurizer that can apply an appropriate pressure depending on the situation.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a circuit unit according to the first embodiment. 4 is a graph showing the amplitude of a current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 with respect to the amplitude of a driving voltage applied to the piezoelectric element 22. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a circuit unit according to the first embodiment. 4 a graph showing the amplitude of a current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 with respect to the amplitude of a driving voltage applied to the piezoelectric element 22. It is a flowchart which shows operation
- FIG. 7A is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time of the amplitude of the drive voltage when sucking a low-viscosity nasal mucus.
- FIG. 7B is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time in the amplitude of the drive voltage when a nasal mucus with medium viscosity is sucked.
- FIG. 7C is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time in the amplitude of the drive voltage when sucking a highly viscous nasal mucus.
- FIG. 8A is a conceptual diagram showing temporal changes in drive voltage amplitude, suction pressure, and flow rate in a suction device having a conventional configuration.
- FIG. 8B is a conceptual diagram showing temporal changes in drive voltage amplitude, suction pressure and flow rate in the suction device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the aspirator 10.
- the suction unit 10 is provided with a flow path 14 that connects the tip of the nozzle 11 and the rear end of the piezoelectric drive unit 13.
- the separator 12 is provided with a storage unit 15 so as to branch from the flow path 14.
- the piezoelectric drive unit 13 includes a piezoelectric pump 21 (see FIG. 2) and a circuit unit 31 (see FIG. 3) for driving the piezoelectric pump 21.
- the piezoelectric pump 21 corresponds to the pump of the present invention.
- the suction device 10 is provided with an indicator (not shown) for informing the state of the tip of the nozzle 11.
- the tip of the nozzle 11 is inserted into the nasal cavity in order to aspirate the runny nose.
- the piezoelectric drive unit 13 When the piezoelectric drive unit 13 is driven, an air flow from the tip of the nozzle 11 to the rear end of the piezoelectric drive unit 13 is generated in the flow path 14.
- the runny nose in the nasal cavity is sucked together with air from the tip of the nozzle 11, separated by the separator 12, and stored in the storage unit 15.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the piezoelectric pump 21.
- the piezoelectric pump 21 includes a piezoelectric element 22 and a structure body 23.
- the structure 23 has a disk shape whose outline is thin in the thickness direction.
- a discharge port 26 is opened near the center of the top surface of the structure 23.
- a suction port 27 is opened near the edge of the bottom surface of the structure 23.
- the piezoelectric pump 21 is arranged so that the suction port 27 side faces the nozzle 11 side.
- the discharge port 26 corresponds to the discharge portion of the present invention.
- the suction port 27 corresponds to the suction part of the present invention.
- a flow path 24 and a pump chamber 25 are provided in the structure 23 .
- the flow path 24 communicates with the discharge port 26 on the top surface of the structure 23, extends from the vicinity of the center to the outer peripheral side inside the structure 23, and communicates with the suction port 27 on the bottom surface of the structure 23.
- the pump chamber 25 is a thin cylindrical space provided on the bottom surface side of the communication portion between the discharge port 26 and the flow path 24, and opens to the communication portion between the discharge port 26 and the flow path 24.
- the inner bottom surface of the pump chamber 25 in the structure 23 is configured as a diaphragm (diaphragm) 28 capable of bending vibration.
- the diaphragm 28 has a disk shape, the top surface faces the pump chamber 25, and the piezoelectric element 22 is attached to the bottom surface.
- the top surface of the diaphragm 28 faces the discharge port 26 with the pump chamber 25 interposed therebetween.
- the piezoelectric element 22 has a thin disk shape in the thickness direction, and has piezoelectricity that tends to expand and contract in the in-plane direction of the main surface when an AC voltage is applied.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a vibration mode of the piezoelectric pump 21.
- the piezoelectric element 22 and the diaphragm 28 are attached to each other to form a unimorph structure, and are displaced in the thickness direction by driving the piezoelectric element 22.
- the piezoelectric element 22 is about to extend from a stationary state as shown in FIG. 3A
- the diaphragm 28 is on the piezoelectric element 22 side (bottom side) as shown in FIG. 3B.
- the volume of the pump chamber 25 increases. Thereby, negative pressure is generated in the pump chamber 25, the negative pressure is transmitted to the flow path 24 communicating with the pump chamber 25, and the fluid in the flow path 24 is sucked into the pump chamber 25.
- the piezoelectric element 22 tries to shrink, as shown in FIG. 3C, the diaphragm 28 is convexly bent to the pump chamber 25 side (top surface side), and the volume of the pump chamber 25 decreases. Then, since the pump chamber 25 and the discharge port 26 face each other with the flow path 24 therebetween, the fluid in the pump chamber 25 is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 26 and drawn into the flow of the fluid. Then, the fluid in the flow path 24 is discharged from the discharge port 26.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the circuit unit 31.
- the circuit unit 31 automatically adjusts the drive voltage (output voltage) applied to the piezoelectric element 22 by feeding back the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22.
- the circuit unit 31 includes a current detection unit 32, an adjustment unit 33, a voltage controller 34, and a drive circuit 35.
- the current detection unit 32 measures the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22.
- the adjustment unit 33 determines the state of the tip of the nozzle 11 (hereinafter referred to as the nozzle tip) based on the measurement result of the current detection unit 32.
- the voltage controller 34 outputs a voltage having a predetermined pattern based on the determination of the adjustment unit 33.
- the voltage controller 34 is supplied with power from a power source 36.
- the drive circuit 35 boosts the voltage output from the voltage controller 34 to generate a drive voltage, and applies the drive voltage to the piezoelectric element 22.
- the circuit unit 31 is formed by mounting electronic components on a circuit board.
- the current detection unit 32 and the adjustment unit 33 correspond to the detection unit of the present invention.
- the adjustment unit 33 and the voltage controller 34 correspond to the control unit of the present invention.
- the current detection unit 32 and the adjustment unit 33 detect the closed state of the suction port 27. Further, the adjustment unit 33 and the voltage controller 34 adjust the output voltage to the piezoelectric element 22 according to the detected closed state of the suction port 27. In addition, the indicator informs the detected closed state of the suction port 27.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the amplitude of the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 with respect to the amplitude of the drive voltage applied to the piezoelectric element 22.
- the current amplitude I c (V) when the nozzle tip is closed is different from the current amplitude I réelle (V) when the nozzle tip is open. Yes.
- the adjustment unit 33 is
- ⁇ it is determined that the nozzle tip is blocked.
- the adjustment unit 33 determines that the nozzle tip is open when the current amplitude I is close to the current amplitude I whichever (V), that is, when
- the current amplitude I c (V) and the current amplitude I anlagen (V) may be calculated whenever necessary, or may be stored as a table.
- the amplitude V of the drive voltage is held by the adjustment unit 33, but may be acquired by measurement.
- the state of the nozzle tip is determined by comparing the current amplitude I with a threshold value I t (V) appropriately set within the range of I schreib (V) ⁇ I t (V) ⁇ I c (V). You may judge.
- the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element 22 is the amplitude ratio between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive voltage. Then, it can be said that the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element 22 at the driving frequency (frequency of the driving voltage) is used for the determination by the adjustment unit 33. Further, when the current amplitude I is close to the current amplitude I c (V), the suction pressure is high, and when the current amplitude I is close to the current amplitude I réelle (V), the suction pressure is low. It can be said that the state of the nozzle tip is determined by indirectly detecting the suction pressure.
- the suction pressure is a pressure difference between the suction port 27 side and the discharge port 26 side of the piezoelectric pump 21 (see FIG. 2).
- the adjusting unit 33 is indirectly configured. It can be said that the state of the nozzle tip is judged by detecting the flow rate.
- the flow rate is the amount of air flowing from the suction port 27 side of the piezoelectric pump 21 to the discharge port 26 side.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the circuit unit 31.
- the drive circuit 35 applies an initial voltage as a drive voltage to the piezoelectric element 22 (S11).
- the current detector 32 measures the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 after a predetermined time (for example, around 1 second) has elapsed (S12) (S13).
- the adjustment unit 33 determines that the nozzle tip is blocked, that is, the nasal discharge has failed (S14: Yes).
- the drive circuit 35 applies a drive voltage having an amplitude larger than the original amplitude by a predetermined value to the piezoelectric element 22 in order to remove the runny nose (S15).
- the amplitude of the drive voltage is increased and the amplitude of the drive voltage exceeds the limit value, the amplitude of the drive voltage is maintained as the original amplitude.
- the adjustment unit 33 determines that the nozzle tip is open (S14: No, S16: Yes). That is, the adjustment unit 33 determines that the nasal discharge has been successfully sucked or that the tip of the nozzle has not hit the nasal mucus in the nasal cavity. In this case, step S11 is performed again.
- the adjustment unit 33 determines that the suction device 10 has malfunctioned (S14: No, S16: No). In this case, the suction operation ends and an error is displayed on the indicator.
- the current amplitude I is close to the current amplitude I ко (V)
- FIG. 7A is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time of the amplitude of the drive voltage when sucking a low-viscosity nasal mucus.
- FIG. 7B is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time in the amplitude of the drive voltage when a nasal mucus with medium viscosity is sucked.
- FIG. 7C is a conceptual diagram showing the change over time in the amplitude of the drive voltage when sucking a highly viscous nasal mucus.
- Time t c indicates the time at which the runny nose suction is completed. Note that FIG. 7 is illustrated without considering the time difference between voltage adjustment and current measurement.
- FIG. 8 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing temporal changes in drive voltage amplitude, suction pressure, and flow rate in a suction device having a conventional configuration.
- FIG. 8B is a conceptual diagram showing temporal changes in the amplitude of the drive voltage, the suction pressure, and the flow rate in the suction device 10.
- the amplitude of the drive voltage, the suction pressure, the flow rate, and the time are normalized as appropriate.
- the amplitude of the drive voltage is always constant.
- the time is 0 to 4 and 9 to 12
- the nozzle tip is open, so the suction pressure is zero.
- the flow rate is excessively large because the amplitude of the drive voltage is adjusted in accordance with the nozzle tip being closed.
- the time is from 4 to 9, since the nozzle tip is closed, the suction pressure is higher than when the nozzle tip is open, and the flow rate is lower than when the nozzle tip is open.
- the amplitude of the drive voltage is automatically adjusted.
- the time is 0 to 4 and 9 to 12
- the nozzle tip is open, so the suction pressure is zero.
- the amplitude of the drive voltage is kept small and the flow rate is kept moderate.
- the time is 4-9, the nozzle tip is blocked.
- the amplitude of the drive voltage is larger than when the nozzle tip is open, and the suction pressure is higher than when the nozzle tip is open. Since the amplitude of the drive voltage is increased, the flow rate is not reduced much as compared with the case where the nozzle tip is open.
- the suction device 10 increases the amplitude of the drive voltage every time it is determined that the nozzle tip is blocked. Further, when the suction device 10 determines that the nozzle tip is open, the suction device 10 reduces the amplitude of the drive voltage. Thereby, when it is difficult to suck the runny nose, the amplitude of the drive voltage is increased and the runny nose is sucked at a high suction pressure. When the runny nose is easy to suck, the amplitude of the drive voltage is moderate, and the runny nose is sucked at a low suction pressure. When the runny nose suction is completed or when there is no runny nose, the amplitude of the drive voltage decreases.
- the suction device 10 can perform suction with an appropriate suction pressure according to the closed state of the nozzle tip. Further, since the aspirator 10 operates with the minimum required driving voltage, power consumption during operation can be reduced. In addition, when the suction of the runny nose is completed or when there is no runny nose, the amplitude of the drive voltage is reduced, and a large amount of air is not sucked out from the nasal cavity.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the circuit unit 41 according to the second embodiment.
- the circuit unit 41 includes a current detection unit 42, a voltage detection unit 43, a phase comparator 44, a microcomputer (MCU) 45, and a resistor 46.
- the current detector 42 measures the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 by measuring the voltage across the resistor 46 whose resistance value is known.
- the resistor 46 is inserted into a voltage line that connects the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive circuit 35.
- the voltage detector 43 measures the drive voltage applied to the piezoelectric element 22.
- the phase comparator 44 outputs a phase difference ⁇ between the current measured by the current detector 42 and the voltage measured by the voltage detector 43.
- the microcomputer 45 outputs a voltage having a predetermined pattern to the drive circuit 35 based on the phase difference ⁇ output from the phase comparator 44.
- phase comparator 44 for example, a circuit type digital comparator such as a phase frequency comparator used in a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) or the like is used.
- microcomputer 45 one having an I / O terminal and a PWM output terminal is used. The I / O terminal is connected to the phase comparator 44, and the PWM output terminal is connected to the drive circuit 35.
- the phase difference ⁇ c between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive voltage when the nozzle tip is closed is the phase difference between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive voltage when the nozzle tip is open. It is different from ⁇ réelle . Therefore, the microcomputer 45 determines that the nozzle tip when the phase difference theta is close to the phase difference theta c is closed, the phase difference theta is determined that the nozzle tip when close to the phase difference theta o is open.
- the impedance phase of the piezoelectric element 22 is the phase difference between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive voltage. For the determination by the microcomputer 45, the impedance phase of the piezoelectric element 22 at the drive frequency is used. It can be said.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the circuit unit 41.
- the phase comparator 44 outputs the phase difference ⁇ after step S12 (S23).
- the microcomputer 45 compares the phase difference theta and the phase difference theta c, if necessary by comparing the phase difference theta and the phase difference theta o, determines the state of the nozzle tip (S24, S26).
- the state of the nozzle tip can be detected by measuring the phase difference ⁇ between the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 and the drive voltage. Further, since the measurement of the phase difference ⁇ is not easily affected by the temperature change, the suction pressure can be adjusted with high accuracy.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the circuit unit 51 according to the third embodiment.
- the circuit unit 51 includes a resonance frequency calculation unit 57.
- the resonance frequency calculation unit 57 calculates the resonance frequency f of the piezoelectric element 22 based on the current measured by the current detection unit 32.
- the adjustment unit 33 determines the state of the nozzle tip based on the resonance frequency f calculated by the resonance frequency calculation unit 57.
- the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element 22 is a frequency at which the magnitude of the impedance of the piezoelectric element 22 is minimized, that is, a frequency at which the amplitude of the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 is maximized. Therefore, the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element 22 is calculated by changing the driving frequency in a predetermined range, measuring the current flowing through the piezoelectric element 22 at each frequency, and selecting the frequency at which the amplitude of the measured current is maximized. be able to.
- the resonance frequency f c of the piezoelectric element 22 when the nozzle tip is closed is different from the resonance frequency f o of the piezoelectric element 22 when the nozzle tip is open. Therefore, the adjustment unit 33 determines that the nozzle tip when the resonance frequency f is close to the resonance frequency f c is closed, it is determined that the nozzle tip when the resonance frequency f is close to the resonance frequency f o is open .
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the circuit unit 51.
- the resonance frequency calculator 57 calculates the resonance frequency f after step S12 (S33).
- Adjustment unit 33 compares the resonance frequency f and the resonance frequency f c, by comparing the resonance frequency f and the resonance frequency f o, if necessary, to determine the state of the nozzle tip (S34, S36).
- the drive circuit 35 applies a drive voltage corresponding to the state of the nozzle tip to the piezoelectric element 22 (S11, S15). At this time, the drive frequency is adjusted to be the resonance frequency f.
- the state of the nozzle tip can be detected by calculating the resonance frequency f of the piezoelectric element 22. Further, by adjusting the drive frequency to the resonance frequency f of the piezoelectric element 22, the vibration of the piezoelectric element 22 can be increased without changing the amplitude of the drive voltage, and a high suction pressure can be obtained.
- the suction device of the above-mentioned embodiment was a nasal mucus suction device
- the suction device of the present invention is not limited to the nasal fluid suction device, and may suck body fluid such as saliva and sputum.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the negative pressure closure therapy of the fourth embodiment.
- the wound W of the patient is covered with a dressing 67 such as gauze.
- the wound part W covered with the dressing 67 is sealed with a film 66.
- the first end of the tube 64 ⁇ / b> A passes through an opening provided in the film 66 and is connected to the dressing 67.
- the second end of the tube 64 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the storage unit 65.
- the storage unit 65 is connected to the aspirator 60 through the tube 64B. Thereby, the flow path which connects the dressing 67 and the suction device 60 is formed.
- the suction device 60 includes, for example, the same configuration as the piezoelectric drive unit of the first embodiment.
- the piezoelectric driving unit includes the piezoelectric pump and the circuit unit for driving the piezoelectric pump.
- the pressure in the dressing 67 is reduced by sucking the air in the dressing 67 with the suction device 60. Further, in this negative pressure closure therapy, the exudate accumulated in the dressing 67 is sucked together with air, and the exudate is separated from the air and stored in the storage unit 65.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the operation of the suction device 60.
- the aspirator 60 operates as follows.
- the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump is set to the standard voltage to drive the piezoelectric pump, and the air in the dressing 67 is sucked (S41).
- the suction portion (suction port) of the piezoelectric pump approaches a closed state.
- the state of the suction portion of the piezoelectric pump is detected (S43).
- the state of the suction part of the piezoelectric pump is detected by measuring the current flowing through the piezoelectric element of the piezoelectric pump, for example, as in the first embodiment.
- the suction part of the piezoelectric pump is closed (S44: Yes)
- the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump is lowered to the lowest voltage at which the closed state can be detected (S45), and then step S12 is performed again. .
- the driving voltage of the piezoelectric pump is lowered to the lowest voltage, so that excessive suction can be prevented and power consumption can be suppressed. Further, when the pressure in the dressing 67 reaches the upper limit value, the suction of air in the dressing 67 is resumed, so that the pressure in the dressing 67 can be maintained at a low pressure.
- FIG. 15A is an external perspective view of the bedsore prevention bed 70 of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 15B is an exploded perspective view of the bedsore prevention bed 70 of the fifth embodiment.
- Air cells 73 ⁇ / b> A and 73 ⁇ / b> B are provided on the rectangular upper surface of the base 74.
- the air cells 73 ⁇ / b> A and 73 ⁇ / b> B are arranged side by side in the short direction of the upper surface of the table 74 and are long in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the table 74.
- a mat 71 formed by connecting the side surfaces of a plurality of columnar air cells 72 is disposed on the upper surface of the base 74 on which the air cells 73A and 73B are provided.
- the air cells 72, 73A, 73B are connected to a pressurizer (not shown) via a tube (not shown).
- the pressurizer includes a piezoelectric pump corresponding to each air cell, a drive circuit unit for driving each piezoelectric pump, and a control circuit unit for controlling operation timing of each drive circuit unit.
- Each piezoelectric pump is configured similarly to the first embodiment, for example.
- the drive circuit unit is configured similarly to the circuit unit of the first embodiment, for example.
- the piezoelectric pump is arranged such that its discharge part (discharge port) faces the tube side and its suction part faces the outside air side.
- the valve connected to the air cell 72 is provided with a valve. As a result, air is sealed in the air cell 72 as necessary, and air is discharged from the air cell 72.
- the tube connected to the air cells 73A and 73B is not provided with a valve.
- the piezoelectric pump is driven, air is supplied to the air cells 73A and 73B, and the air cells 73A and 73B are pressurized.
- the piezoelectric pump is stopped, air is discharged from the air cells 73A and 73B, and the inside of the air cells 73A and 73B is decompressed.
- FIG. 16A is a side view of the bed slip prevention bed 70.
- FIG. 16B is a side view of the bed slip prevention bed 70 when the air cell 73A is expanded.
- one of the air cells 73A and 73B is inflated with a pressurizer, and the user P can be turned over by lifting one side of the user P's body.
- the air cell 72 may be used together with the air cells 73A and 73B when the user turns over.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the operation of the drive circuit unit corresponding to the air cell 73A.
- the drive circuit unit corresponding to the air cell 73B operates in the same manner as the drive circuit unit corresponding to the air cell 73A.
- the drive circuit unit operates as follows. After driving the piezoelectric pump corresponding to the air cell 73A with the initial voltage (S11), after a certain time (for example, around 0.1 seconds) has elapsed (S12), the current flowing through the piezoelectric pump corresponding to the air cell 73A is measured (S13). . If the user has not yet turned over, the air cell 73A remains pressurized with the weight of the user.
- the current flowing through the piezoelectric pump of the air cell 73A is close to the amplitude I c (V) of the current when the discharge portion of the piezoelectric pump is closed. Therefore, if the measured current amplitude is close to the current amplitude I c (V), it is determined that the user is not turning over (S14: Yes), and the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump of the air cell 73A is increased to increase the air cell. Pressurization to 73A is continued (S15).
- the piezoelectric pump of the air cell 73A is driven again with the initial voltage (S11). Note that the timing of the operation of the drive circuit unit corresponding to the air cells 73A and 73B is controlled by the control circuit unit so that the air cells 73A and 73B are alternately pressurized.
- step S15 of the fifth embodiment instead of increasing the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump, the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump may be maintained without being changed. Even in this case, an effect close to the case of increasing the drive voltage of the piezoelectric pump can be obtained.
- Resistor 57 ... Resonance frequency calculator 64A, 64B ... Tube 66 ... Film 67 ... Dressing 70 ... Bed slip prevention bed 71 ... Mat 72, 73A, 37B ... air cell 74 ... stand P ... user W ... wound part
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の実施形態に係る吸引器10について説明する。吸引器10は鼻水を吸引するために使用される。図1は吸引器10の模式的断面図である。吸引器10においては、ノズル11、セパレータ12および圧電駆動部13がこの順に前方から後方に向かって並んでいる。吸引器10には、ノズル11の先端と圧電駆動部13の後端とを繋ぐ流路14が設けられている。セパレータ12には、流路14から枝分かれするように貯蔵部15が設けられている。圧電駆動部13は、圧電ポンプ21(図2参照)と、圧電ポンプ21を駆動するための回路部31(図3参照)とを備える。圧電ポンプ21は本発明のポンプに相当する。吸引器10には、ノズル11の先端の状態を知らせるインジケータ(図示せず)が設けられている。
本発明の第2の実施形態に係る吸引器について説明する。図9は、第2の実施形態に係る回路部41のブロック図である。回路部41は、電流検知部42、電圧検知部43、位相比較器44、マイコン(MCU)45および抵抗46を備える。電流検知部42は、抵抗値が既知である抵抗46の両端の電圧を計測することにより、圧電素子22に流れる電流を計測する。抵抗46は、圧電素子22と駆動回路35とを接続する電圧線に挿入されている。電圧検知部43は、圧電素子22に印加される駆動電圧を計測する。位相比較器44は、電流検知部42が計測した電流と電圧検知部43が計測した電圧との位相差θを出力する。マイコン45は、位相比較器44が出力した位相差θに基づいて所定パターンの電圧を駆動回路35に出力する。
本発明の第3の実施形態に係る吸引器について説明する。図11は、第3の実施形態に係る回路部51のブロック図である。回路部51は共振周波数演算部57を備える。共振周波数演算部57は、電流検知部32が計測した電流に基づいて圧電素子22の共振周波数fを算出する。調整部33は、共振周波数演算部57が算出した共振周波数fに基づいてノズル先端の状態を判断する。
本発明の第4の実施形態に係る陰圧閉鎖療法用の吸引器について説明する。図13は、第4の実施形態の陰圧閉鎖療法を説明するための模式的断面図である。この陰圧閉鎖療法では、ガーゼ等のドレッシング67により患者の創傷部Wが被覆される。ドレッシング67により被覆された創傷部Wはフィルム66で密閉される。チューブ64Aの第1端は、フィルム66に設けられた開口部を通り、ドレッシング67に接続される。チューブ64Aの第2端は貯蔵部65に接続される。貯蔵部65はチューブ64Bを介して吸引器60に接続される。これにより、ドレッシング67と吸引器60とを繋ぐ流路が形成される。
本発明の第5の実施形態に係る、加圧器を用いる床ずれ防止ベッドについて説明する。図15(A)は、第5の実施形態の床ずれ防止ベッド70の外観斜視図である。図15(B)は、第5の実施形態の床ずれ防止ベッド70の分解斜視図である。台74の矩形状の上面には、エアセル73A,73Bが設けられる。エアセル73A,73Bは、台74の上面の短手方向に並んで配置され、台74の上面の長手方向に長い。エアセル73A,73Bが設けられた台74の上面には、複数の柱状のエアセル72の側面を連結させてなるマット71が配置される。
11…ノズル
12…セパレータ
13…圧電駆動部
14,24…流路
15,65…貯蔵部
21…圧電ポンプ(ポンプ)
22…圧電素子
23…構造体
25…ポンプ室
26…吐出口(吐出部)
27…吸入口(吸入部)
28…ダイヤフラム
31,41,51…回路部
32,42…電流検知部(検知部)
33…調整部(検知部、制御部)
34…電圧コントローラ(制御部)
35…駆動回路
36…電源
43…電圧検知部
44…位相比較器
45…マイコン
46…抵抗
57…共振周波数演算部
64A,64B…チューブ
66…フィルム
67…ドレッシング
70…床ずれ防止ベッド
71…マット
72,73A,37B…エアセル
74…台
P…使用者
W…創傷部
Claims (9)
- 圧電素子で駆動し、吸入部および吐出部を有するポンプと、
前記吸入部または吐出部の閉塞状態を検知する検知部と、
前記検知部が検知した前記吸入部または吐出部の閉塞状態に応じて前記圧電素子への出力電圧を調整する制御部と、を備える、吸引器または加圧器。 - 前記検知部は前記吸入部と前記吐出部との圧力差を検知する、請求項1に記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部は前記吸入部から前記吐出部に流れる流量を検知する、請求項1に記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部による検知には、前記圧電素子のインピーダンスが用いられる、請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部による検知には、前記ポンプの駆動周波数における前記圧電素子のインピーダンスの大きさが用いられる、請求項4に記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部による検知には、前記ポンプの駆動周波数における前記圧電素子のインピーダンスの位相が用いられる、請求項4に記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部による検知には、前記圧電素子のインピーダンスの大きさが極小となる周波数が用いられる、請求項4に記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 前記検知部が検知した前記吸入部または吐出部の閉塞状態を知らせるインジケータを備える、請求項1ないし7のいずれかに記載の吸引器または加圧器。
- 吸引対象物が鼻水である、請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の吸引器。
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JP2015552943A JP5888478B1 (ja) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-07-10 | 吸引器または加圧器 |
EP15818979.5A EP3167915B1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-07-10 | Aspirator and pressurizer |
US15/401,552 US11052006B2 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2017-01-09 | Aspirator or pressurizer |
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EP3167915A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
JP6172311B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
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JPWO2016006677A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
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US11052006B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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