WO2016000265A1 - 苯酞化合物的应用 - Google Patents
苯酞化合物的应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016000265A1 WO2016000265A1 PCT/CN2014/081678 CN2014081678W WO2016000265A1 WO 2016000265 A1 WO2016000265 A1 WO 2016000265A1 CN 2014081678 W CN2014081678 W CN 2014081678W WO 2016000265 A1 WO2016000265 A1 WO 2016000265A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- benzoquinone
- butylene
- use according
- acid
- medicament
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of phthalide compounds, in particular to the use of phenylhydrazine compounds for the treatment and/or delaying the degradation of Purknye cells, in particular for the treatment of spinal cerebellar atrophy, Alzheimer's disease At least one of the symptoms, Parkinson's disease, and/or the application of delaying its onset.
- Neurons also known as nerve cells, are one of the structural and functional units of the nervous system of the organism. They can transmit information to other cells by means of chemical signals and electrical signals. They have various shapes and sizes, and the diameter is From about 4 microns to about 100 microns, the structure can be roughly divided into three parts: the cell body, the dendrite and the axon. The dendrites can bring information into the cell body, while the axons can information from The cell body is transmitted.
- Purkinje cells are neurons in the cerebellum that are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses. They belong to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons, which are larger in size than ordinary nerve cells and have more trees. The main function is neurotransmitting and regulating nano-potassium channels. Purkinje cells are involved in the motor coordination function of the organism, and it is known that Purkinje cells are degraded (for example, Purkinje cell death, reduced or damaged cells, or decreased signaling capacity due to a decrease in the number of dendrites) ) affects the function of information transmission, and is therefore associated with neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cerebellar atrophy, and is a progression indicator of these neurological diseases (see Schilling, K.
- GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid
- Purkinje cell dendritic growth patterns determines Purkinje cell dendritic growth patterns. Neuron 7, 891-902, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Therefore, if the Purkinje cell degeneration can be inhibited, it can provide effects for treating neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cerebellar atrophy.
- Spinocerebellar atrophy is one of the most common ataxia disorders, the main symptom of which is cerebellar ataxia, which leads to coordinated movement disorders. Reduced muscle tone, eye movement disorders, and speech disorders.
- the cause of spinal cerebellar atrophy is mainly genetic or genetic mutation, which causes abnormal CAG sequences in the exons of Atxm-3 (ATXN3) gene at specific chromosomal locations in patients to produce proteins. Long-chain glutamine leads to apoptosis.
- ATXN3 is a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB). In the ubiquitin-protease pathway, ATXN3 has a function of preventing abnormal protein aggregation.
- spinal cerebellar atrophy can be mainly divided into the first type (SCA1), the second type (SCA2), the third type (SCA3), the sixth type (SCA6), Subtypes of type 7 (SCA7) and DRPLA type.
- SCA3 also known as Machado-Joseph disease (MJD)
- JMJD Machado-Joseph disease
- phthalide can treat and/or delay the degeneration of Purkinje cells, so it can be used to treat at least one of spinal cerebellar atrophy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. / or delay its onset.
- It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for treating and/or delaying the degradation of Purkinje cells in a body comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of a phenylhydrazine compound, wherein the benzoquinone compound Selected from the group consisting of: a butyl benzoquinone, a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, and the foregoing The combination.
- the benzoquinone compound Selected from the group consisting of: a butyl benzoquinone, a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, and the foregoing The combination.
- Figure 1 is a fluorescence micrograph of cells transfected with pEGFP-Cl, pEGFP-Cl-Ataxin3Q28, and pEGFP-Cl-Ataxin3Q84 after different conditions;
- Figure 2 shows a bar graph of the survival rate of zebrafish after different conditions
- Figure 3 shows the bar graph of the behavioral test results of zebrafish treated under different conditions
- Figure 4 shows the conjugated focal micrograph of the neurons of zebrafish treated under different conditions
- Figure 5A, Figure 5B, Figure 5C is a graph showing the results of a Local motor test of SCA3 mice treated under different conditions
- Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of a rotating rod test of SCA3 mice treated under different conditions
- Fig. 7 is a diagram showing immunochemical tissue staining of cerebellar slices of SCA3 mice treated under different conditions
- Figure 8 is a Western blot diagram of calcium-binding protein in cerebellar tissue of SCA3 mice treated under different conditions
- Figure 9 is a western blot of the ubiquitinated protein of cerebellum tissue of SCA3 mice treated under different conditions.
- the "effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” means When given to an individual, it can effectively at least partially improve the suspected individual
- Disorder “Deferred Purkinje cell degeneration” B refers to delaying cell death, injury, and/or information transmission function of Purkinje cells; unit “mg/kg body weight” refers to the amount required for each kilogram of body weight The amount of drug administered.
- the present invention provides the use of a phenylhydrazine compound for the preparation of a medicament for treating and/or delaying the degradation of Purkinje cells, wherein the benzoquinone compound is selected from the group consisting of: butylene benzoquinone, butylene benzene A metabolic precursor of hydrazine, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, and combinations of the foregoing.
- butylidenephthalide (butylidenephthalide; BP) to prepare a drug for treating and/or delaying Purkinje cell degeneration.
- Butylene benzoquinone is a compound of the following formula (I) which, in its natural state, contains both (Z)-butylene phthalide ((Z)-butylidenephthalide, cis-butylene benzoquinone) and (E)-butylene benzoquinone
- the term "metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone” refers to a compound which produces butylene quinone after metabolism by an organism.
- 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophthalide having the structure of the following formula (II) is known, also known as " ⁇ " L-lactone ("ligustilide”), which is metabolized by organisms, produces butylene benzoquinone, a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone.
- the "pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt comprising a benzoquinone compound having an acid functional group and an organic or inorganic base.
- the salt formed with the inorganic base include, but are not limited to, alkali metal salts (such as sodium salts, potassium salts), alkaline earth metal salts (such as calcium salts, magnesium salts), transition metal salts (such as iron salts, zinc).
- examples of salts with organic bases include methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, Triethylamine, isopropylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, 2-dimethylamineethanol, 2-diethylamineethanol, dicyclohexylamine, acenamate , arginine, histidine, caffeine, hydrab a mme, choline, betaine, ethylene diamine, glucosamine, methyl glucosamine, theobromine, hydrazine, piperidine, N- Ethyl piperidine, tetramethylammonium compound, tetraethylammonium compound, pyridine, hydrazine, hydrazine-dimethylaniline, hydrazine-methylpiperidine, hydra
- the "pharmaceutically acceptable ester” means an ester obtained by reacting the benzoquinone compound having a functional group such as - hydrazine with an acid.
- the acid may be an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfamic acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, and an organic acid such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, benzenesulfonic acid.
- the benzoquinone compound used in the present invention can be provided by any suitable means.
- 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenylhydrazine can be provided by extractive purification from Angelica sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, and Sakamoto.
- butylene benzoquinone can be obtained, for example, from Angelica by extraction purification or commercially available.
- E) - Butylene benzoquinone providing (Z)-butylene benzoquinone and (E)-butylene benzoquinone, respectively.
- the provided agent has the effect of treating and/or delaying the degeneration of Purkinje cells, particularly delaying or avoiding Purkinje cell death, and increasing the pan of proteins in Purkinje cells. It can be used to treat at least one of spinal cerebellar atrophy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease and/or delay its onset.
- the medicament is for treating and/or delaying the onset of spinal cord cerebellar atrophy (SCA3).
- SCA3 spinal cord cerebellar atrophy
- the agent provided by the present invention can effectively delay or avoid the death of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of patients with type 3 spinal cerebellar atrophy, and can effectively improve the patient's exercise behavior.
- the agents provided herein can be administered in any convenient amount, depending on the needs of the individual being administered.
- the amount of the agent in terms of butylene benzoquinone, is from about 30 mg/kg body weight to about 2,000 mg/kg body weight per day, preferably. It is about 100 mg/kg body weight to about 1,000 mg/kg body weight per day.
- the amount can be increased according to actual needs, for example, increased to several times or tens of times.
- the total amount of the administered agents may be administered in a single administration procedure as needed, or separately in a plurality of administration procedures.
- the agent provided may be in any form and administered in any convenient manner.
- it can be administered to a desired individual via oral, nasal administration, intracerebral injection, intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection, subcutaneous injection, and/or subcutaneous or inter-tissue sustained release dosage form.
- the agent is provided in an oral dosage form, for example, a tablet, a capsule, a granule, a powder, a flow extract, a solution, a syrup, a suspension, an emulsion, and an expectorant.
- the agent may further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- olive oil is used as a carrier.
- the pharmaceutical agent may contain any active ingredient which does not adversely affect the active ingredient (i.e., butylene benzoquinone, its metabolic precursor, and/or the aforementioned pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or A pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the activity of an ester, for example: an oily solvent, a diluent, a stabilizer, an absorption delaying agent, a disintegrating agent, an emulsifier, an antioxidant, a binder, a lubricant, a moisture absorbent, and the like.
- the composition can be formulated into a dosage form suitable for oral administration by any convenient method.
- the agent may, for example, comprise one or more isotonic solutions, a salt buffer (e.g., phosphate buffer or citrate buffer), a cosolvent
- slubilizer an emulsifier, and other carriers to prepare an intravenous infusion solution, an emulsion intravenous infusion solution, a dry powder injection, a suspension injection, or a dry powder suspension injection.
- the agent may further contain an additive such as a flavoring agent, a toner, a coloring agent, etc., in order to improve the mouthfeel and visual feeling when the obtained medicament is taken; and a suitable amount of preservative and preservative may be added. , antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, etc., to improve the storage of the drug.
- the agent provided by the present invention may contain one or more other active ingredients, such as an antioxidant (such as vitamin E), a neurotrophic factor, etc., to further enhance the agent of the present invention.
- the efficacy or the application flexibility and the degree of formulation of the formulation are as long as the other active ingredient does not adversely affect the desired efficacy of the benzoquinone compound contained in the agent.
- agents provided by the present invention may be administered at different dosing times, such as once a day, multiple times a day, or several times a day, depending on the needs of the individual to be administered.
- the invention also provides a method for treating and/or delaying degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells in a body, comprising administering to the individual an effective amount of a phenylhydrazine compound, wherein the benzoquinone compound is selected from the group consisting of : a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester of a metabolic precursor of butylene benzoquinone, and the foregoing
- the selection of the active ingredient and its properties, application form and dosage are as described above.
- the cells were cultured in DMEM medium (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, Thermo) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco) at 37 ° at 5% C0 2 . C in the incubator. After that, a concentration of 5 ⁇ g/ml of butylenephthalide (A10353, purchased from Alfa Aesar, USA; purity 95%) or 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenylhydrazine (5393-015M1, Purchased from Pharmaron, China) After 24 hours of treatment, the GFP-ATXN3 protein aggregation in each group of cells was observed using a fluorescence microscope. The experiment used wild type cells and green fluorescein. Photoprotein (GFP) transfected cells served as a control group. The experimental results are shown in Fig. 1.
- DMEM medium Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, Thermo
- Gibco fetal bovine serum
- zebrafish was used as the animal model.
- the zebrafish line used in the experimental group was Tg (HuC: GFP). This line was characterized by the fact that the primary sensory neurons (Rohon-Beard cells) produced fluorescence, which made it easy to observe. Wild type lines were used, all of which were provided by TZCAS (Taiwan Zebrafish Core Facility at Academia Sinica, Taiwan) and TZCF (Taiwan Zebrafish Core Facility, Taiwan).
- TZCAS Tin Zebrafish Core Facility at Academia Sinica, Taiwan
- TZCF Tiwan Zebrafish Core Facility
- the results are shown in Figure 2.
- the survival rate of wild-type zebrafish is 100%, while the survival rate of zebrafish injected with 500 mg/kg of butyl benzoquinone is about 50%, after 250 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg arbutin.
- the survival rate of zebrafish injected with phenylhydrazine was more than 75%, but after injection of ATXN3 MO or H 2 0, the survival rate of zebrafish decreased slightly, presumably due to infection or poor quality of eggs during injection. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the concentration of 250 mg / kg of butylene benzoquinone is safe for zebrafish.
- ATXN3 MO morpholino DNA fragment of the ATXN3 gene
- MO is a DNA structure modified to block the function of mRNA translation proteins, so that organisms do not express specific target proteins.
- the sequence of ATXN3 MO used in the experiment was 5'-TCCTCCTCGTCCAGCTGCTGTGCTA-3' (SEQ ID NO.: 1), and the sequence of the standard control group used was 5'-CCTCTTACCTCAGTTACAATTTATA-3' (SEQ ID NO.: 2) ( Hereinafter referred to as Ct MO).
- MO Prior to injection, MO was dissolved in ddH 2 0 and stored at -20 ° C until use.
- Microinjection of zebrafish fish eggs within about 1 hour of birth, and after 300 to 48 hours (hour post fertilization, hpf), 300 NM concentration / microliter of ATXN3 MO, or ATXN3 MO combined 250 mg / kg of butyl benzoquinone, 125 mg / kg of butyl phenyl hydrazine, or 62.5 mg / kg of butyl benzoquinone microinjection of fish eggs, 48 hours later, with a pipette tip (tip) stimulating fish tail And measure the number of times the squid triggers the movement of the fishtail.
- tip pipette tip
- MJD84.2 gene-transferred mice (gp, a mouse transfected with ATXN3 gene by human 84 CAG, SCA3 mice for short) were used for the experiment.
- the MJD84.2 gene-transferred mouse is an animal model for the study of spinal cerebellar atrophy. These mice will develop an abnormal state of sputum within 4 weeks after birth, and then begin to develop mild tremor and moderate activity. Decreased, abnormal contraction of the anterior/posterior limb (about 24 weeks of age), and the situation of inability to squat.
- mice Two-week-old MJD84.2 gene-transferred mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 in each group, respectively. The treatment was carried out for 2 weeks under the following conditions: (1) untreated; (2) feeding olive oil (ie, feeding only adjuvant); (3) feeding butyl phenylhydrazine 100 mg/kg/drink twice (bid) (4) feeding butyl phenyl hydrazine 500 mg / kg / twice a day (bid); (5) feeding 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenyl hydrazine 100 mg / kg / twice daily Feeding (bid); Wild type mice (WT) were also used as control group. After 2 weeks, start, Local motor and swivel test.
- mice Ten week old mice were tested on a rotarod and tested every 3 weeks. Next, the mice were placed in a transparent acrylic box for 2 hours to allow them to move freely, and the data analysis was performed after one hour of behavioral testing using the VersaMax 420 (Acuscanlnstmmentslnc, USA) machine.
- a rotating rod test was performed to test the balance ability and grasping ability of the mouse. Prior to testing, the mice were first practiced for two weeks before conducting the first behavioral test using the IITC Rotating Rod (IITC Life Science Inc, USA). Ten-week-old mice were tested on rotarod and tested every 3 weeks, with linear acceleration from 4 to 40 revolutions in 300 seconds, recording mouse spin stick drop (latency to fall) Time (in seconds). Each test lasted for up to 5 minutes and the mice were allowed to rest for at least 15 minutes between each test to avoid fatigue. After the rotating rod test, the weight of the mice was recorded. The mice were subjected to 3 trials per day for four consecutive days, and statistical analysis was performed with the average daily rotation of the rods falling and falling.
- mice have better balance ability and grip ability, showing butylenephthalide and 3-butylene-4,5-dihydrogen.
- Benzoquinone improved the motor behavior of MJD84.2 gene-transferred mice.
- mice Eight-week-old MJD84.2 gene-transferred mice (i.e., with modified ATXN3 gene) were randomly divided into 5 groups, 6 in each group, and treated under the following conditions: (1) untreated; 2) feeding olive oil; (3) feeding butyl phenyl hydrazine 100 mg / kg / feeding twice a day (bid); (4) feeding butyl phenyl hydrazine 500 mg / kg / feeding twice a day (bid); (5) Feeding 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenylhydrazine 100 mg/kg/drink twice (bid). Thereafter, the mice were sacrificed at the 20th week and the 24th week, and cerebellar slice staining and tissue protein extraction were performed (see Example 5). After the mouse whole brain tissue was fixed overnight with 3.7% formalin, the sample was embedded. Into paraffin. The samples were sectioned (4 microns) using a Quanto kit ( Thermo, USA) and mounted on a microscope slide.
- Figure 7 shows the results of section staining of immunohistochemically stained cerebellum in SCA3 mice, in which the untreated group and the olive oil-fed group showed significant Purkinje cell deletion, but did not contain butyl benzoquinone or 3 _butylene _ 4, 5 mice _ phthalide groups dihydro treatment, the number of wild Purkinje cells was significantly higher than the untreated group and the group of olive oil, this results showed butylene phthalate and 3-phenyl -4-butylene, 5-Dihydrophenylhydrazine is used to treat cocoa to delay or avoid Purkinje cell death.
- the whole brain tissue of the SCA3 mouse sacrificed in Example 4 was further separated, and the cerebellum tissue was separated and subjected to protein extraction.
- the obtained purified protein was analyzed by Western blotting using anti-ubiquitin (ubKimtm) antibody and anti-calcium binding protein (calbmdm) antibody, respectively, to determine ubiquitin and calcium binding protein of cerebellum tissue of each group of SCA3 mice.
- the protein content changes.
- the experiment used ⁇ -actin as an internal control group.
- the calcium-binding protein of the mice treated with butylenephthalide or 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenylhydrazine was compared to the untreated group and the olive oil-fed group.
- the protein expression was significantly higher.
- Calcium-binding proteins are known as markers for Purkinje cells, and the results of this experiment and sectioning Both showed an increase in the number of Purkinje cells, confirming that butylene benzoquinone and 3-butylidene-4,5-dihydrophenylhydrazine can slow the progression of SCA3 disease.
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ZHANG CHANGZHENG ET AL.: "Age-Related Ultrastructure Changes of Purkinje Cells in Cat Cerebellar Cortex", CHINESE JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTY AND CYTOCHEMISTRY, vol. 7, no. 2, 30 April 2008 (2008-04-30), pages 191 - 195, XP055250044 * |
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