WO2015159893A1 - 脂肪酸クロライドの製造方法および脂肪酸クロライド - Google Patents
脂肪酸クロライドの製造方法および脂肪酸クロライド Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015159893A1 WO2015159893A1 PCT/JP2015/061504 JP2015061504W WO2015159893A1 WO 2015159893 A1 WO2015159893 A1 WO 2015159893A1 JP 2015061504 W JP2015061504 W JP 2015061504W WO 2015159893 A1 WO2015159893 A1 WO 2015159893A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- acid chloride
- phosphorus
- weight
- phosphorus content
- Prior art date
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 150
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 150
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 107
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- NQGIJDNPUZEBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O NQGIJDNPUZEBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- WTBAHSZERDXKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O WTBAHSZERDXKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 3
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001550224 Apha Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromophenol blue Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C1C1(C=2C=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZONJATNKKGGVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 14-methylpentadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZONJATNKKGGVSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKVCYCWBUNNQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,5,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridin-6-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)C=NN2 DHKVCYCWBUNNQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJQZKBVGMRTLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].P(Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound [P].P(Cl)(Cl)Cl GJQZKBVGMRTLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012450 pharmaceutical intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/58—Preparation of carboxylic acid halides
- C07C51/60—Preparation of carboxylic acid halides by conversion of carboxylic acids or their anhydrides or esters, lactones, salts into halides with the same carboxylic acid part
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/58—Preparation of carboxylic acid halides
- C07C51/64—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fatty acid chloride produced using phosphorus trichloride and a fatty acid, and the obtained fatty acid chloride.
- Fatty acid chloride is used for synthesizing alkyl ketene dimers, organic peroxides, surfactants, pharmaceutical intermediates and the like.
- fatty acid chloride can be obtained by reacting a fatty acid with a chlorinating agent.
- a chlorinating agent phosphorus trichloride, carbonyl chloride or the like is used.
- the method for producing fatty acid chloride using phosphorus trichloride has the advantage that the production is relatively simple, it is possible to use inorganic phosphorus compounds such as phosphorous acid by-produced by the reaction and unreacted phosphorus trichloride and raw material impurities.
- inorganic phosphorus compounds such as phosphorous acid by-produced by the reaction and unreacted phosphorus trichloride and raw material impurities.
- phosphorus compounds such as an organic phosphorus compound by-produced by reaction with a certain alcohol, and unreacted fatty acid existed as impurities in fatty acid chloride.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-41000
- a metal halogen compound is added to form a metal complex with a by-product phosphorus compound whose main component is phosphorous acid, followed by distillation or the like to perform phosphorus content.
- a process for obtaining an aliphatic carboxylic acid chloride that does not contain This makes it possible to obtain a high-purity and high-yield fatty acid chloride that does not contain phosphorus, but there is a problem that the hue is colored and the purified fatty acid chloride is colored over time. there were.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-255703
- magnesium oxide, N, N-dimethylformamide or the like is added as an additive for forming a complex with a phosphorus compound, and the phosphorus compound is reduced by distillation.
- a process for the preparation of acid chlorides with a stable hue is described.
- methacrylic acid which is a polymerizable group is used and the behavior with fatty acid is different, the problem of coloring the purified fatty acid chloride with time has not been solved.
- Patent Document 3 discloses N-acylaspartic acid that does not color yellow even when stored at high temperature by using a fatty acid chloride containing a predetermined amount of total phosphorus and organic phosphorus in the fatty acid chloride. It was to get. This prescribes the total phosphorus content and the organic phosphorus content to prevent coloring, but does not specify any more. Furthermore, although the hue temporal change as N-acyl aspartic acid is performed under the conditions of 50 ° C. and 30 days, the temporal change of the hue of the fatty acid chloride itself is not evaluated.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a fatty acid chloride having a stable hue with no turbidity by a simple production method.
- the present inventors have found that the fatty acid chloride produced in the following steps is free of dust and has a stable hue over time, leading to the present invention.
- a method for producing a fatty acid chloride comprising sequentially performing the following step 1, step 2 and step 3.
- Step 1 A fatty acid chloride is produced by reacting a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms with 1/3 to 2/3 molar equivalents of phosphorus trichloride with respect to the fatty acid, and the by-product phosphorous acid is separated into stationary layers.
- Step 2 Process step 3 in which the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid is 0.20% by weight or less by purifying the reaction product obtained in step 1: Step [2] of adding phosphorus trichloride of 0.03 to 0.07% by weight to the purified product obtained in Step 2 [2]
- Step 2 using a thin-film distiller, The reaction product obtained was treated at a temperature of 80 to 230 ° C. and a pressure of 133.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 to 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, and phosphorus trichloride in the reaction product was distilled out of the system.
- step 2 the reaction product obtained in the step 1 is treated at a temperature of 40 to 90 ° C. and a pressure of 133.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 to 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa using a thin film distiller. Then, phosphorus trichloride in the reaction product is distilled out of the system, and by-product phosphorous acid dissolved in phosphorus trichloride is removed in the fatty acid chloride together with distilling off phosphorus trichloride without evaporating the fatty acid chloride.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound of the fatty acid chloride obtained in the step 3 is 0.03 to 0.27% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the fatty acid chloride obtained in the step 3 The method of [1] to [3], wherein the amount is from 0.04 to 0.10% by weight.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fatty acid chloride in which Steps 1 to 3 are sequentially performed. Hereinafter, each step will be described.
- the fatty acid used in the present invention is a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples include fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isopalmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, arachidic acid, and behenic acid, and a mixture of coconut oil fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid, beef tallow fatty acid, etc.
- Fatty acids can be used. Lauric acid, myristic acid, coconut oil fatty acid, and palm kernel fatty acid are preferable, and lauric acid and coconut oil fatty acid are particularly preferable.
- a fatty acid chloride is produced by reacting a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms with 1/3 to 2/3 molar equivalents of phosphorus trichloride with respect to the fatty acid, and the by-product phosphorous acid is separated into stationary layers. In this step, a reaction product is obtained.
- the amount of phosphorus trichloride is 1/3 to 2/3 molar equivalent, preferably 1.1 / 3 to 1.8 / 3 molar equivalent, more preferably 1.3 / 3 to 1.7 / 3 molar relative to the fatty acid. Is equivalent.
- the reaction temperature between phosphorus trichloride and fatty acid is preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is more preferably 45 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
- the reaction temperature is more preferably 80 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 70 ° C. or lower.
- the addition of phosphorus trichloride is preferably performed stepwise and more preferably by dropping. After the addition of phosphorus trichloride, aging is preferably performed for 0.5 to 5 hours, more preferably 1 to 4 hours, and further preferably 1 to 3 hours.
- the time required for standing is preferably 2 to 12 hours, more preferably 3 to 11 hours, and further preferably 4 to 10 hours.
- the temperature at the time of standing is preferably 40 to 90 ° C., more preferably 45 to 80 ° C., and further preferably 50 to 70 ° C.
- Step 2> the phosphorous content of by-product phosphorous acid is reduced to 0.20% by weight or less by purifying the reaction product obtained in step 1.
- any method may be used as the purification method, and examples thereof include thin film distillation and thin film topping.
- the topping is a step of distilling off phosphorus trichloride in the fatty acid chloride.
- Thin film distillation uses a thin film distiller to form a thin film and heat it to distill phosphorus trichloride in the reaction product out of the system, evaporate the fatty acid chloride, and condense it with an internal condenser. .
- By-product phosphorous acid is non-evaporated and therefore separated from fatty acid chloride.
- phosphorus trichloride can be distilled off and by-product phosphorous acid can be removed.
- the method for forming the thin film is not particularly limited, and any conventionally known method such as a flow-down method, a centrifugal method, a stirring method, a rotating method, a blade method, and an ascending method can be employed.
- the conditions for thin-film distillation vary depending on the raw fatty acid, but the temperature is 80 to 230 ° C. If it is lower than 80 ° C., the yield is lowered and it is not efficient. If it exceeds 230 ° C., decomposition of the fatty acid chloride and the hue by heat may be deteriorated.
- the pressure in this step is preferably 133.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 to 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, more preferably 66.7 to 666.5 Pa, and further preferably 133.3 to 399.9 Pa. If it exceeds 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, the removal of phosphorus trichloride may be insufficient and removal of by-product phosphorous acid may be difficult.
- nitrogen gas may be blown into the thin film distiller in order to increase the distillation efficiency of the fatty acid chloride.
- Thin film topping forms a thin film using a thin film distiller and heats it to distill phosphorus trichloride in the reaction product out of the system.
- By-product phosphorous acid dissolves in phosphorus trichloride. Therefore, when phosphorus trichloride is distilled off, by-product phosphorous acid is also removed from the fatty acid chloride. By treating in this step, phosphorus trichloride can be distilled off and by-product phosphorous acid can be removed.
- the method for forming the thin film is not particularly limited, and any conventionally known method such as a flow-down method, a centrifugal method, a stirring method, a rotating method, a blade method, and an ascending method can be employed.
- the temperature is preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
- the removal of phosphorus trichloride is insufficient, and removal of by-product phosphorous acid may be difficult, and when it exceeds 90 ° C., the hue of fatty acid chloride deteriorates.
- fatty acid chloride non-evaporated component
- the temperature at the time of thin film topping is more preferably 45 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 50 ° C. or higher.
- the temperature at the time of thin film topping is more preferably 80 ° C. or less, and further preferably 70 ° C. or less.
- the pressure in this step is preferably 133.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 to 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, more preferably 100.0 to 999.8 Pa, and still more preferably 133.3 to 666.5 Pa. If it exceeds 133.3 ⁇ 10 1 Pa, the removal of phosphorus trichloride may be insufficient and removal of by-product phosphorous acid may be difficult. If it is less than 133.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 Pa, the amount of fatty acid chloride distilled off may increase.
- nitrogen gas may be blown into the thin film distiller in order to increase the efficiency of distilling unreacted phosphorus trichloride.
- Step 3> In this step, 0.03 to 0.07% by weight of phosphorus trichloride is added as a phosphorus content to the purified product obtained in step 2.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound in the obtained product is set to 0.03 to 0.27% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound is set to 0.04 to 0.2% by weight. It becomes possible.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound of the fatty acid chloride obtained by performing Step 3 is 0.03 to 0.27% by weight. If this exceeds 0.27% by weight, it will cause white turbidity of the fatty acid chloride.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound of fatty acid chloride is preferably 0.15% by weight or less, and more preferably 0.10% by weight or less. Moreover, if the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound of fatty acid chloride is less than 0.03% by weight, the effect of stabilizing the hue over time is poor.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound of fatty acid chloride is preferably 0.04% by weight or more, and more preferably 0.05% by weight or more.
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the fatty acid chloride obtained in Step 3 is 0.04 to 0.10% by weight. If this exceeds 0.10% by weight, the fatty acid chloride may become dirty or the purity may be deteriorated. This is preferably 0.09% by weight or less, and more preferably 0.08% by weight or less. Further, when the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the fatty acid chloride obtained in Step 3 is less than 0.04% by weight, the effect of stabilizing the hue over time becomes poor.
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of fatty acid chloride is preferably 0.05% by weight or more, and more preferably 0.06% by weight or more.
- the inorganic phosphorus compound in the fatty acid chloride is a phosphorus compound that is distributed to the saturated saline layer in an oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline. Phosphorus trichloride, by-product phosphorous acid, The reaction product etc. are mentioned.
- the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound in the fatty acid chloride is the phosphorus content contained in the phosphorus compound distributed to the saturated saline in the oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline.
- By-product phosphorous acid in fatty acid chloride is a phosphorus compound excluding phosphorus trichloride among phosphorus compounds distributed to a saturated saline layer in an oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline. .
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid in the fatty acid chloride is determined by gas chromatography from the phosphorus content contained in the phosphorus compound distributed to the saturated saline in the oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline. It is a value obtained by subtracting the phosphorus content of the quantified phosphorus trichloride.
- the organic phosphorus compound in the fatty acid chloride is a phosphorus compound that is distributed to the ethyl ether layer in an oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline, and mainly an inorganic phosphorus compound such as phosphorus trichloride and a fatty acid. And a reaction product with fatty acid chloride.
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound in the fatty acid chloride is the phosphorus content contained in the phosphorus compound distributed to the ethyl ether layer in the oil-water separation operation using ethyl ether and saturated saline.
- aqueous solution corresponding to 2 ⁇ g / ml phosphorus was prepared using 1 potassium phosphate (special grade reagent) as a standard sample. Appropriate amounts of this aqueous solution (a few types between 0 to 70 ⁇ g) were collected in a separating funnel with a whole pipette, and the total amount was made up to 50 ml with water. After adding 15 ml of 10% nitric acid aqueous solution, 5 ml of 5% ammonium molybdate solution and 10 ml of n-butyl acetate, the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes and allowed to stand.
- 1 potassium phosphate special grade reagent
- the lower layer was separated into another separatory funnel, 10 ml of n-butyl acetate was added, and the mixture was shaken for 3 minutes and allowed to stand.
- the n-butyl acetate layer of the separatory funnel was transferred to a 50 ml volumetric flask. 2 ml of 3% stannous chloride solution was added, and the volume was adjusted with ethyl alcohol. Absorbance at 725 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer (10 mm glass cell).
- Phosphorus content of inorganic phosphorus compounds (% by weight) (Phosphorus content (g) obtained from calibration curve / sampled amount (g)) ⁇ dilution rate ⁇ 100
- Phosphorus content of organic phosphorus compounds (wt%) (Phosphorus content (g) obtained from calibration curve / sample collection amount (g) ⁇ dilution rate ⁇ 100
- Example 1 Palm oil fatty acid chloride
- Chlorination reaction was carried out by dropping 1.5 / 3 equivalents of phosphorus trichloride (130.0 g) at 50-60 ° C. with respect to coconut oil fatty acid (400.0 g). After standing for 2 hours, the lower by-product phosphorous acid (57.0 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (473.0 g). Subsequently, it was topped at a flow rate of 300 g / hr using a thin film distillation machine at 70 ° C., 665 Pa, and a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 to remove unreacted phosphorus trichloride and coconut oil fatty acid chloride (451.7 g). Got.
- the phosphorus content of byproduct phosphorous acid after the topping treatment was 0.04% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (0.8 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.04 wt% to obtain coconut oil fatty acid chloride (452.5 g). The phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained coconut oil fatty acid chloride was 0.08% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.07% by weight.
- Example 2 Lauric acid chloride
- a chlorination reaction was performed by adding 1.5 / 3 equivalent (130.7 g) of phosphorus trichloride to lauric acid (400.0 g) dropwise at 50 to 60 ° C. After standing for 2 hours, the lower by-product phosphorous acid (58.2 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (472.5 g). Subsequently, the film was treated at a flow rate of 300 g / hr using a thin film distiller having a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 at 85 ° C., 133.3 ⁇ 10 Pa, unreacted phosphorus trichloride was removed, and lauric acid chloride (451.2 g) was obtained.
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid after the topping treatment was 0.03% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (1.2 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.06 wt% to obtain lauric acid chloride (452.4 g).
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained lauric acid chloride was 0.10% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.06% by weight.
- Example 3 Palm oil fatty acid chloride
- a chlorination reaction was carried out by dropping 1.8 / 3 equivalents of phosphorus trichloride (156.0 g) at 50 to 60 ° C. with respect to coconut oil fatty acid (400.0 g). After standing for 2 hours, the lower by-product phosphorous acid (57.1 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (498.9 g). Subsequently, it was treated at a flow rate of 300 g / hr using a thin film distiller having a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 at 60 ° C., removing unreacted phosphorus trichloride to remove palm oil fatty acid chloride (476.4 g).
- the phosphorus content of byproduct phosphorous acid after the topping treatment was 0.17% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (0.6 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.03% by weight to obtain coconut oil fatty acid chloride (477.0 g). The phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound in the obtained coconut oil fatty acid chloride was 0.09% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.20% by weight.
- Example 4 Stearic acid chloride
- Chlorination reaction was carried out by dropping 2.0 / 3 equivalents of phosphorus trichloride (131.0 g) at 60 to 65 ° C. with respect to stearic acid (435.0 g). After standing for 2 hours, the lower by-product phosphorous acid (45.0 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (521.0 g). Subsequently, distillation was performed at a flow rate of 200 g / hr using a thin film distiller having a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 at 220 ° C., 665 Pa, and stearic acid chloride (442.9 g) was obtained.
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid after the distillation treatment is N.P. D. (Less than 0.01% by weight). Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (1.0 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.05% by weight to obtain stearic acid chloride (443.9 g). The phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained stearic acid chloride was 0.08% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.03% by weight.
- Example 5 Palm oil fatty acid chloride
- a chlorination reaction was carried out by adding dropwise 1/3 equivalent of phosphorus trichloride (86.7 g) to a coconut oil fatty acid (400 g) at 50 to 60 ° C. After standing for 2 hours, the lower layer phosphorous acid (56.6 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (455.4 g). Subsequently, it was distilled at a flow rate of 200 g / hr using a thin film distiller having 140 ° C., 665 Pa, and a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 to obtain coconut oil fatty acid chloride (432.0 g).
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid after the distillation treatment is N.P. D.
- Example 6 Palm oil fatty acid chloride
- Chlorination reaction was carried out by dropping 1.5 / 3 equivalents of phosphorus trichloride (130.0 g) at 50-60 ° C. with respect to coconut oil fatty acid (400.0 g). After standing for 2 hours, the lower by-product phosphorous acid (57.0 g) was removed to obtain a reaction solution (473.0 g). Subsequently, distillation was performed at a flow rate of 200 g / hr using a thin-film distiller having a temperature of 140 ° C., 266 Pa, and a heat transfer area of 0.03 m 2 to obtain coconut oil fatty acid chloride (452.6 g).
- the phosphorus content of byproduct phosphorous acid after the distillation treatment was 0.01% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (1.0 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.05% by weight to obtain coconut oil fatty acid chloride (453.6 g). The phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained palm oil fatty acid chloride was 0.08% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.03% by weight.
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid after the distillation treatment is N.P. D. (Less than 0.01% by weight).
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound in the obtained coconut oil fatty acid chloride is 0.01% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound is N.P. D. (Less than 0.01% by weight).
- the phosphorus content of byproduct phosphorous acid after the topping treatment was 0.40% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (1.0 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.04 wt% to obtain lauric acid chloride (535.6 g). The phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained lauric acid chloride was 0.12% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.53% by weight.
- the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid after the topping treatment was 0.10% by weight. Thereafter, phosphorus trichloride (4.5 g) was added so that the phosphorus content was 0.22 wt% to obtain lauric acid chloride (456.2 g).
- the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound of the obtained lauric acid chloride was 0.09% by weight, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound was 0.28% by weight.
- ⁇ APHA (APHA value after aging stability test)-(APHA value before aging stability test)
- ⁇ APHA is 0 to 29 ⁇ : ⁇ APHA is 30 to 59 ⁇ : ⁇ APHA is 60 to 89 ⁇ : ⁇ APHA is 90 or more
- the fatty acid chloride is less turbid and changes in hue over time are suppressed.
- Steps 2 and 3 are not performed, the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound is large, and there is a precipitate.
- step 3 was not performed, the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound and the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound were small, and the hue change with time was large.
- the charging ratio of phosphorus trichloride in Step 1 is high, the phosphorus content of by-product phosphorous acid in Step 2 is large, the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound, and the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound There are many precipitates, and the hue change with time is large.
- Comparative Example 4 the pressure in Step 2 is high, the phosphorus content of the organic phosphorus compound is large, there is turbidity, and the hue change with time is large.
- Comparative Example 5 the amount of phosphorus trichloride added in Step 3 is large, the phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus compound is large, there is a precipitate, and there is a hue change with time.
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Abstract
Description
[1] 下記工程1、工程2および工程3を順に行うことを特徴とする、脂肪酸クロライドの製造方法。
工程1:
炭素数8~22の脂肪酸と、前記脂肪酸に対して1/3~2/3モル当量の三塩化リンとを反応させて脂肪酸クロライドを生成させ、副生する亜リン酸を静置分層して反応生成物を得る工程
工程2:
工程1で得られた反応生成物を精製することにより副生亜リン酸のリン含有量を0.20重量%以下とする工程
工程3:
工程2で得られた精製物に対してリン含有量として0.03~0.07重量%の三塩化リンを添加する工程
[2] 前記工程2において、薄膜蒸留機を用いて工程1で得られた反応生成物を80~230℃の温度、133.3×10-1~133.3×101Paの圧力で処理し、反応生成物中の三塩化リンを系外へ留去し、脂肪酸クロライドを蒸発させ、内部コンデンサーにて凝縮させることで、非蒸発分である副生亜リン酸と分離させることによって、前記精製を行うことを特徴とする、[1]の方法。
[3] 前記工程2において、薄膜蒸留機を用いて工程1で得られた反応生成物を40~90℃の温度、133.3×10-1~133.3×101Paの圧力で処理し、反応生成物中の三塩化リンを系外へ留去し、脂肪酸クロライドを蒸発させずに、三塩化リンに溶解している副生亜リン酸を三塩化リンの留去とともに脂肪酸クロライド中より除去させることによって、前記精製を行うことを特徴とする、[1]の方法。
[4] 前記工程3で得られた前記脂肪酸クロライドの無機リン化合物のリン含有量が0.03~0.27重量%、かつ前記工程3で得られた前記脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量が0.04~0.10重量%である、[1]~[3]の方法。
[5] [1]~[4]の方法によって得られたことを特徴とする脂肪酸クロライド。
本発明は、工程1~3を順に行う脂肪酸クロライドの製造方法に関するものである。以下、各工程について説明する。
炭素数8~22の脂肪酸と、前記脂肪酸に対して1/3~2/3モル当量の三塩化リンとを反応させて脂肪酸クロライドを生成させ、副生する亜リン酸を静置分層して反応生成物を得る工程である。
工程1で得られた反応生成物を精製することにより副生亜リン酸のリン含有量を0.20重量%以下とする工程である。
工程2で得られた精製物に対してリン含有量として0.03~0.07重量%の三塩化リンを添加する工程である。
検量線の作成
標準試料としてリン酸1カリウム(試薬特級)を用いて2μg/mlのリンに相当する水溶液を作成した。この水溶液をホールピペットで適量(0~70μgの間で数種)を分液ロートに分取し、水で全量を50mlとした。10%硝酸水溶液15mlと5%モリブデン酸アンモニウム溶液5mlおよび酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加えて、3分間振とうした後、静置した。下層を別の分液ロートに分取し、酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加え3分間振とうしたのち静置した。分液ロートの酢酸n-ブチル層を50mlメスフラスコに移した。3%塩化第1スズ溶液2mlを加え、エチルアルコールで定容した。分光光度計を用いて725nmの吸光度を測定した(10mmガラスセル)。
飽和食塩水50mLとエチルエーテル20mLを分液ロート(A)へ加え、そこに脂肪酸クロライドを0.1~0.5g量りとった。分液漏斗(A)を3分間振とう、静置し、分層させた。分層した下層の飽和食塩水層は別の分液漏斗(B)に分取した。この分液漏斗(B)にエチルエーテル20mLを加え、分液漏斗(B)を3分間振とう、静置し、分層させた。また、エチルエーテル層の残った分液漏斗(A)に飽和食塩水25mLを加え、3分間振とう、静置し、分層させた。その後、分液漏斗(A)および(B)の下層を同一のコニカルビーカー(C)に分取し、飽和食塩水層を得た。また、分液漏斗(A)および(B)に残った溶液を同一のケルダールフラスコ(D)へ分取し、エチルエーテル層を得た。
(C)コニカルビーカーの飽和食塩水層は10%硝酸水溶液1mlおよび2%過マンガン酸カリウム溶液5mlを加えて、200℃で加熱し、含まれるリンを酸化した。酸化して酸化マンガンの褐色沈殿が生成した後、約10分間加熱を続け、10%亜硫酸ナトリウム溶液を滴下し還元した。室温まで放冷後、ブロムフェノールブルー指示薬を数滴加え、14%アンモニア水で中和した。この溶液を200mlメスフラスコに移し、水で定溶した。この溶液50mlをホールピペットで分液ロートに分取した。10%硝酸水溶液15mlと5%モリブデン酸アンモニウム溶液5mlおよび酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加えて、3分間振とうした後、静置した。下層を別の分液ロートに分取し、酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加え3分間振とうしたのち静置した。分液ロートの酢酸n-ブチル層を50mlメスフラスコに移した。3%塩化第1スズ溶液2mlを加え、エチルアルコールで定容した。分光光度計を用いて725nmの吸光度を測定した(10mmガラスセル)。あらかじめ作成した検量線よりリンの含有量を求めた。
なお、本試験と平行して空試験を行った。
(D)ケルダールフラスコ中のエチルエーテルを完全に留去した。これに硫酸5mlを加え、ケルダール分解装置で炭化させた。フラスコ内を室温まで冷却後、滴下ロートより過酸化水素水約5mlをゆっくりと加え、ケルダール分解装置で分解した。次に、滴下ロートより過酸化水素水を1分間あたり約1.5mlの割合で約15ml連続的に滴下した。この溶液を濃縮してほとんどの過酸化水素水を追い出し、硫酸の白煙が発生した後、溶液が無色透明になった。室温まで放冷後、水50mlおよび2%過マンガン酸カリウム溶液1mlを加え、ケルダール分解装置内で過酸化水素を分解すると同時に酸化し、酸化マンガンの褐色沈殿が生成した後、約10分間加熱を続け、10%亜硫酸ナトリウム溶液を滴下して還元した。室温まで放冷後、ブロムフェノールブルー指示薬を数滴加え、14%アンモニア水で中和した。この溶液を200mlメスフラスコに移し、水で定溶した。この溶液50mlをホールピペットで分液ロートに分取した。10%硝酸水溶液15mlと5%モリブデン酸アンモニウム溶液5mlおよび酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加えて、3分間振とうした後、静置した。下層を別の分液ロートに分取し、酢酸n-ブチル10mlを加え3分間振とうしたのち静置した。分液ロートの酢酸n-ブチル層を50mlメスフラスコに移した。3%塩化第1スズ溶液2mlを加え、エチルアルコールで定容した。分光光度計を用いて725nmの吸光度を測定した(10mmガラスセル)。あらかじめ作成した検量線よりリンの含有量を求めた。
なお、本試験と平行して空試験を行った。
(検量線より求めたリン含有量(g)/試料採取量(g))×希釈倍率×100
(検量線より求めたリン含有量(g)/試料採取量(g)×希釈倍率×100
1gの酸クロライドを量り採り、n-ブタノールを3mL程度加えてブチルエステルに変換した(A)。また、打ち込み量の補正基準のために、所定量のステアリン酸ブチルをn-ブタノールで220mLに定容した溶液から1mLをホールピペットを用いて10mLメスフラスコに加えた(B)。そして、(A)の溶液をn-ブタノール2mL程度で共洗いしながら(B)の10mLメスフラスコに移し、n-ブタノールで10mLに定容した。その混合液に水を同量加え、上層をガスクロマトグラフィーで測定した。得られたピークの面積からあらかじめ作成しておいた三塩化リンの検量線を用いて、酸クロライド中の三塩化リン量を測定した後、その三塩化リン中のリン含有量を算出した(三塩化リンのリン含有量=算出値×(リン/三塩化リン))。
無機リン化合物のリン含有量より三塩化リンのリン含有量を除いた値を副生亜リン酸のリン含有量とした。
ヤシ油脂肪酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量の三塩化リン(130.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.0g)を除去し、反応溶液(473.0g)を得た。続いて、70℃、665Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量300g/hrでトッピング処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(451.7g)を得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.04重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.04重量%となるように三塩化リン(0.8g)を添加してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(452.5g)を得た。得られたヤシ油脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.08重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.07重量%であった。
ラウリン酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量(130.7g)の三塩化リンを50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(58.2g)を除去し、反応溶液(472.5g)を得た。続いて、85℃、133.3×10Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量300g/hrで処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去してラウリン酸クロライド(451.2g)を得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.03重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.06重量%となるように三塩化リン(1.2g)を添加してラウリン酸クロライド(452.4g)を得た。得られたラウリン酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.10重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.06重量%であった。
ヤシ油脂肪酸(400.0g)に対し1.8/3当量の三塩化リン(156.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.1g)を除去し、反応溶液(498.9g)を得た。続いて、60℃、266.6Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量300g/hrで処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(476.4g)を得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.17重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.03重量%となるように三塩化リン(0.6g)を添加してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(477.0g)を得た。得られたヤシ油脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.09重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.20重量%であった。
ステアリン酸(435.0g)に対し2.0/3当量の三塩化リン(131.0g)を60~65℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(45.0g)を除去し、反応溶液(521.0g)を得た。続いて、220℃、665Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量200g/hrで蒸留処理し、ステアリン酸クロライド(442.9g)を得た。蒸留処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量はN.D.(0.01重量%未満)であった。その後、リン含有量が0.05重量%となるように三塩化リン(1.0g)を添加してステアリン酸クロライド(443.9g)を得た。得られたステアリン酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.08重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.03重量%であった。
ヤシ油脂肪酸(400g)に対し1/3当量の三塩化リン(86.7g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の亜リン酸(56.6g)を除去し、反応溶液(455.4g)を得た。続いて、140℃、665Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量200g/hrで蒸留処理し、ヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(432.0g)を得た。蒸留処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量はN.D.(0.01重量%未満)であった。その後、リン含有量が0.05重量%となるように三塩化リン(1.0g)を添加してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(443.0g)を得た。得られたヤシ油脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.04重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.03重量%であった。
ヤシ油脂肪酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量の三塩化リン(130.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.0g)を除去し、反応溶液(473.0g)を得た。続いて、140℃、266Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量200g/hrで蒸留処理し、ヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(452.6g)を得た。蒸留処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.01重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.05重量%となるように三塩化リン(1.0g)を添加してヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(453.6g)を得た。得られたヤシ油脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.08重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.03重量%であった。
ステアリン酸(435.0g)に対し2.0/3当量の三塩化リン(131.0g)を60~65℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(45.0g)を除去し、反応溶液(521.0g)を得た。合成後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.40重量%であった。得られたステアリン酸クロライド中の有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.04重量%であり、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.90重量%であった。
ヤシ油脂肪酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量の三塩化リン(130.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.5g)を除去し、反応溶液(472.5g)を得た。続いて、135℃、133.3Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量100g/hrで蒸留処理し、ヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド(401.6g)を得た。蒸留処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量はN.D.(0.01重量%未満)であった。得られたヤシ油脂肪酸クロライド中の有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.01重量%であり、無機リン化合物のリン含有量はN.D.(0.01重量%未満)であった。
ラウリン酸(400.0g)に対し2.5/3当量の三塩化リン(218.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(58.2g)を除去し、反応溶液(559.8g)を得た。続いて、65℃、133.3×10Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量300g/hrでトッピング処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去してラウリン酸クロライド(534.6g)を得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.40重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.04重量%となるように三塩化リン(1.0g)を添加してラウリン酸クロライド(535.6g)を得た。得られたラウリン酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.12重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.53重量%であった。
パーム核脂肪酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量の三塩化リン(130.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.0g)を除去し、パーム核脂肪酸クロライド(473.0g)を得た。続いて、80℃、200×102Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量100g/hrでトッピング処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去してパーム核脂肪酸クロライド(451.7g)得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.09重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.04重量%となるように三塩化リン(0.8g)を添加してパーム核脂肪酸クロライド(452.5g)を得た。得られたパーム核脂肪酸クロライドについて、有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.22重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.13重量%であった。
ラウリン酸(400.0g)に対し1.5/3当量の三塩化リン(130.0g)を50~60℃で滴下しクロル化反応を行った。2時間の静置分層後、下層の副生亜リン酸(57.0g)を除去し、ラウリン酸クロライド(473.0g)を得た。続いて、70℃、133Pa、伝熱面積が0.03m2の薄膜蒸留機を用いて流量300g/hrでトッピング処理し、未反応の三塩化リンを除去して、ラウリン酸クロライド(451.7g)得た。トッピング処理後の副生亜リン酸のリン含有量は0.10重量%であった。その後、リン含有量が0.22重量%となるように三塩化リン(4.5g)を添加してラウリン酸クロライド(456.2g)を得た。得られたラウリン酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.09重量%、無機リン化合物のリン含有量は0.28重量%であった。
比較例2の蒸留ヤシ脂肪酸クロライドにホスホン酸(特級、和光純薬工業製)およびドデシルリン酸(和光純薬工業製)を添加し、無機リン化合物および有機リン化合物のリン含有量を測定した。
得られた各脂肪酸クロライドの溶液を100mlガラス製サンプル瓶にいれ、25℃で外観を観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
○: わずかなにごりあり
△: にごりあり
×: 沈殿あり
得られた各脂肪酸クロライドを100mlガラス製サンプル瓶に蓋をして、25℃及び40℃、1ヶ月保存したときの色相の変化(ΔAPHA)を評価した。
(経時安定性試験後のAPHAの値)-(経時安定性試験前のAPHAの値)
○: ΔAPHAが30~59
△: ΔAPHAが60~89
×: ΔAPHAが90以上
比較例2では、工程3を行っておらず、無機リン化合物のリン含有量、有機リン化合物のリン含有量が少なく、経時による色相変化が大きい。
比較例3では、工程1での三塩化リンの仕込み比率が高く、工程2での副生亜リン酸のリン含有量が多く、有機リン化合物のリン含有量、無機リン化合物のリン含有量が多く、沈殿物があり、経時による色相変化が大きい。
比較例4では、工程2での圧力が高く、有機リン化合物のリン含有量が多く、にごりがあり、経時による色相変化が大きい。
比較例5では、工程3での三塩化リンの添加量が多く、無機リン化合物のリン含有量が多く、沈殿物があり、経時による色相変化がある。
比較例9~11では、無機リン化合物のリン含有量が少なく、経時による色相変化が大きい。
比較例12では、無機リン化合物のリン含有量、有機リン化合物のリン含有量ともに本発明実施例と変わらないが、経時による色相変化が大きい。
なお、本出願は、2014年4月14日付で出願された日本国特許出願(特願2014-082493)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。また、ここに引用されるすべての参照は全体として取り込まれる。
Claims (5)
- 下記工程1、工程2および工程3を順に行うことを特徴とする、脂肪酸クロライドの製造方法。
工程1:
炭素数8~22の脂肪酸と、前記脂肪酸に対して1/3~2/3モル当量の三塩化リンとを反応させて脂肪酸クロライドを生成させ、副生する亜リン酸を静置分層して反応生成物を得る工程
工程2:
前記工程1で得られた前記反応生成物を精製することにより副生亜リン酸のリン含有量を0.20重量%以下とする工程
工程3:
前記工程2で得られた精製物に対してリン含有量として0.03~0.07重量%の三塩化リンを添加する工程 - 前記工程2において、薄膜蒸留機を用いて前記工程1で得られた前記反応生成物を80~230℃の温度、133.3×10-1~133.3×101Paの圧力で処理し、前記反応生成物中の三塩化リンを系外へ留去し、脂肪酸クロライドを蒸発させ、内部コンデンサーにて凝縮させることで、非蒸発分である副生亜リン酸と分離させることによって、前記精製を行うことを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記工程2において、薄膜蒸留機を用いて前記工程1で得られた前記反応生成物を40~90℃の温度、133.3×10-1~133.3×101Paの圧力で処理し、前記反応生成物中の三塩化リンを系外へ留去し、脂肪酸クロライドを蒸発させずに、三塩化リンに溶解している副生亜リン酸を三塩化リンの留去とともに脂肪酸クロライド中より除去させることによって、前記精製を行うことを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記工程3で得られた前記脂肪酸クロライドの無機リン化合物のリン含有量が0.03~0.27重量%、かつ前記工程3で得られた前記脂肪酸クロライドの有機リン化合物のリン含有量が0.04~0.10重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られたことを特徴とする、脂肪酸クロライド。
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