WO2014156870A1 - 共縮合物及びその製造方法、並びに共縮合物を含有するゴム組成物 - Google Patents
共縮合物及びその製造方法、並びに共縮合物を含有するゴム組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014156870A1 WO2014156870A1 PCT/JP2014/057503 JP2014057503W WO2014156870A1 WO 2014156870 A1 WO2014156870 A1 WO 2014156870A1 JP 2014057503 W JP2014057503 W JP 2014057503W WO 2014156870 A1 WO2014156870 A1 WO 2014156870A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cocondensate
- resorcin
- rubber
- tert
- phenylphenol
- Prior art date
Links
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- JQALNNOQTGZTJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [[4,6-bis[bis(methoxymethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-(methoxymethyl)amino]methanol Chemical compound COCN(CO)C1=NC(N(COC)COC)=NC(N(COC)COC)=N1 JQALNNOQTGZTJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005011 alkyl ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CVAQQLHCIMTBEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxymethyl-[3-[3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propyldisulfanyl]propyl]silane Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)[SiH2]CCCSSCCC[SiH2]C(OCC)OCC CVAQQLHCIMTBEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSYVJAOBRKCNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxymethyl-[3-[3-(diethoxymethylsilyl)propyltetrasulfanyl]propyl]silane Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)[SiH2]CCCSSSSCCC[SiH2]C(OCC)OCC GSYVJAOBRKCNOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfoxide Natural products CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010813 internal standard method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JPPLPDOXWBVPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) octanethioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)SCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC JPPLPDOXWBVPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfenamide Chemical compound [Cl-].COC1=C(C)C=[N+]2C3=NC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N3SCC2=C1C QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940052367 sulfur,colloidal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyldisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC VTHOKNTVYKTUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with polyhydric phenols
- C08G8/22—Resorcinol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with monohydric phenols having only one hydrocarbon substituent ortho on para to the OH group, e.g. p-tert.-butyl phenol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with mixtures of two or more phenols which are not covered by only one of the groups C08G8/10 - C08G8/20
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
- C08L61/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols with polyhydric phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L81/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/06—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features having improved processability or containing aids for moulding methods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cocondensate (phenol resin) obtained from alkylphenol or the like, a method for producing the same, and a rubber composition using the cocondensate.
- a cocondensate is obtained by reacting alkylphenols such as p-tert-octylphenol and p-nonylphenol with formalins, and the cocondensate is reacted with resorcin.
- Condensates are known. [For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-234824 (Patent Document 1)].
- p-tert-octylphenol and p-nonylphenol are now candidates for SVHC defined in the REACH regulations, which are regulations within the EU region, and their use in the EU region is likely to be restricted in the future.
- the inventors manufactured one of the p-substituted phenols not listed in the SVHC candidate substances stipulated in the REACH regulation, and replaced the p-tert-butylphenol, which is available at low cost, to produce the cocondensate.
- the adhesive used in the rubber processing process is required to be softened in the rubber processing process, and in the field of tire rubber where a co-condensate (phenol resin) is often used as an adhesive, the rubber processing process is It is known that it is usually carried out at around 170 ° C. [For example, Journal of Japan Rubber Association Vol. 73 (2000), no. 9, p 488-493 (Non-Patent Document 1)]. Therefore, in order to reliably soften and disperse the cocondensate in the rubber processing step, the softening point of the cocondensate is required to be sufficiently lower than the maximum temperature during rubber processing and 150 ° C. or less. It is done.
- An object of the present invention is a co-condensate for an adhesive used in the field of rubber products reinforced with a reinforcing material, and p-tert-octylphenol and p-, which may be restricted by law and regulation.
- Novel cocondensate having a sufficiently low softening point and excellent dispersibility in rubber in spite of containing p-tert-butylphenol instead of nonylphenol, and production method thereof, and rubber composition containing the cocondensate To provide things.
- a co-condensate containing a structural unit derived from o-phenylphenol in addition to a structural unit derived from p-tert-butylphenol and resorcin For example, it is possible to provide a novel cocondensate containing p-tert-butylphenol which has a significantly reduced softening point and can be suitably used as an adhesive used in the field of rubber products reinforced with a reinforcing material. I found. Furthermore, it has also been found that by optimizing the production conditions of the cocondensate, the free resorcin content in the cocondensate can be reduced while keeping the softening point at 150 ° C. or lower.
- the present invention includes a cocondensate described below and a method for producing the same, and a rubber composition containing the cocondensate.
- p-tert-butylphenol can be used as a raw material, and it is efficiently dispersed in rubber during kneading, and the rubber obtained by vulcanizing it and the reinforcing material are bonded. It is possible to provide a cocondensate that can be strengthened and is less likely to be restricted in the future by legal regulations. In addition, since the free resorcin content in the cocondensate can be 5% by weight or less as required, a novel cocondensate that satisfies the above characteristics and suppresses the resorcinability of resorcin and a method for producing the same are provided. It can be provided.
- the cocondensate (phenolic resin) of the present invention has the following formula (1):
- the content ratio of these structural units is not particularly limited.
- the structural unit (2) derived from o-phenylphenol is 0.5 to 6 times the mole of the structural unit (1) derived from p-tert-butylphenol.
- the molar amount is preferable, and the molar amount is more preferably 1.5 to 6 times.
- the amount is less than 0.5 times mol, the softening point may be too high and the above-described problem may occur. It may become impossible to produce the cocondensate according to.
- the structural unit (3) derived from resorcin is usually 0.5 to 1 mol per 1 mol in total of the structural unit (1) derived from p-tert-butylphenol and the structural unit (2) derived from o-phenylphenol. 2.0 times mole is contained.
- the amount is less than 0.5 times mol, the ability as an adhesive between the rubber and the reinforcing material to be used by mixing with rubber during kneading may not be sufficiently exhibited. It may be difficult to manufacture.
- linking group such as an aldehyde-derived alkyl group and / or an alkyl ether group used in the reaction.
- the linking group is preferably a methylene group and / or a dimethylene ether group derived from formaldehyde.
- the linking group is usually contained in an amount of 1 to 2 moles per 1 mole of the total amount of the structural unit (1) derived from p-tert-butylphenol and the structural unit (2) derived from o-phenylphenol.
- the ratio of these structural units and bonding groups can be determined, for example, by analyzing the cocondensate using 1 H-NMR. Specifically, a method is exemplified in which the cocondensate is analyzed by 1 H-NMR, and among the obtained analysis results, the ratio is determined from the integral values of protons derived from each structural unit and bonding group.
- the co-condensate of the present invention can contain structural units other than the structural units derived from p-tert-butylphenol, o-phenylphenol and resorcin, if necessary.
- structural units include structural units derived from various alkylphenols used as raw materials for cocondensates generally used as adhesives used in rubber processing steps.
- the softening point of the cocondensate of the present invention needs to be 150 ° C. or lower.
- the softening point is preferably in the range of 80 ° C to 150 ° C, more preferably in the range of 80 ° C to 140 ° C, and particularly preferably in the range of 90 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the temperature is higher than 150 ° C., the dispersion becomes poor when kneaded with the rubber component, and the problem of poor dispersibility occurs when blended with the rubber at the time of kneading. It may become unsuitable as an adhesive. If it is lower than 80 ° C., blocking may occur during storage.
- the total amount of unreacted monomers (free p-tert-butylphenol, o-phenylphenol and resorcin) contained in the cocondensate of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15% by weight or less.
- the content of 15% by weight or less is preferable from the viewpoint of odor reduction.
- the content of free resorcin is preferably 5% by weight or less.
- the total amount of unreacted monomers p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol other than free resorcin and residual solvent that may be used in the reaction contained in the cocondensate of the present invention is 5% by weight or less. It is preferable that By setting the amount to 5% by weight or less, odor can be reduced, and volatile organic compounds are reduced.
- the method for producing a cocondensate according to the present invention comprises: [A] reacting a mixture of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol with formaldehyde in the presence of an alkali to obtain a resol-type condensate; and [b] the total amount of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol. A step of further reacting 0.8 times mol or more of resorcin with respect to Are included in this order.
- the ratio of o-phenylphenol in the mixture of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol used in step [a] (hereinafter these two types of phenols may be collectively referred to as “phenol derivatives”) is as follows: Although not particularly limited, it is preferably 35 mol% to 85 mol%, more preferably 40 mol% to 85 mol%, and preferably 60 mol% to 85 mol%, based on the total amount of the phenol derivative. Further preferred. When the amount is less than 35 mol%, the softening point of the resulting cocondensate becomes high, and dispersion may be poor when kneaded with the rubber component.
- the mixture of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol in the present invention is a mixture mixed in advance before being charged into the reactor, and separately charged into the reactor, resulting in the mixture in the reactor. Also included are.
- formaldehyde used in the step [a] in addition to formaldehyde itself, a formalin that is an aqueous solution, or a compound that easily generates formaldehyde such as paraformaldehyde or trioxane can be used.
- the molar ratio of formaldehyde charged is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 1 to 3 times by mole, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 times by mole, based on the total amount of phenol derivatives. When the amount is less than 1 mole, unreacted monomers may increase and odor and volatile organic compounds may increase. Further, when the amount is more than 3 times mole, a large amount of formaldehyde remains unreacted, so that the resin may have a three-dimensional structure and the softening point may be increased.
- alkali in addition to hydroxides or carbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, those used for producing ordinary resol-type condensates such as ammonia and amines can be used.
- specific examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or carbonate include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. Among these, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are preferable.
- These alkalis can be used in the form of a solid or an aqueous solution, but it is preferable to use an aqueous solution in terms of reactivity and handling. When an aqueous solution is used, the concentration is usually 10% to 50% by weight.
- the alkali charge molar ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.6 times mol, more preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.3 times mol with respect to the total amount of the phenol derivative.
- the reaction in step [a], that is, the reaction of formaldehyde with a mixture of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol in the presence of an alkali can also be carried out in a solvent.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited, and water, alcohol, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like can be used. More specifically, water, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene, monochlorobenzene and the like are exemplified. Of these, water, toluene, and xylene are preferable. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- reaction in the step [a] is usually carried out at a reaction temperature of 40 to 100 ° C. and a reaction time of 1 to 48 hours (eg 1 to 8 hours).
- the resol-type condensate obtained by such a reaction may be used as it is in the reaction of step [b] without neutralizing the alkali used, that is, the reaction with resorcin, or by adding an acid to neutralize the alkali. It may be used after being summed.
- the type of acid used for neutralization is not particularly limited, and examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the like. These acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total amount of the acid used is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use an equivalent amount (based on the amount of substance) of the acid that is normally used.
- a resol-type condensate may be extracted and washed using an organic solvent that is not miscible with water as necessary. Good.
- the charged molar ratio of resorcin at the time of reacting the obtained resole-type condensate with resorcin needs to be 0.5 times mol or more, preferably 0.
- the amount is 8 to 4.0 times mol, more preferably 0.8 to 2.0 times mol, and still more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 times mol. If it is more than 4.0 moles, volatility may be a problem because a large amount of unreacted resorcin remains.
- the reaction will not be completed and the original performance will not be achieved, or the reaction between resol-type condensates will proceed preferentially, and the resulting cocondensate will be polymerized, resulting in a softening point. May not be 150 ° C. or lower.
- the reaction between the resole-type condensate and resorcin can be carried out without using a solvent, but the solvent is present in an amount of 0.2 weight times or more based on the total amount of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol.
- free resorcin can be reduced to 5% by weight or less, which is preferable.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of 0.4 to 4.0 times by weight, particularly preferably 0.4 to 2.0 times by weight of the solvent based on the total amount of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol.
- the reaction between resole-type condensates may proceed preferentially over the reaction between resorcin and resole-type condensates. Free resorcin cannot be reduced below 5% by weight. In addition, the reaction proceeds even when used in an amount of 4.0 times by weight or more, but the volumetric efficiency is lowered and the cocondensate cannot be produced economically advantageously.
- the usable solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alcohols, ketones, and aromatic hydrocarbons. More specifically, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene, monochlorobenzene and the like are exemplified. Among these, ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons are preferable, and methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, and xylene are more preferable. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more as required. Moreover, the solvent used when manufacturing a resol type condensate may be used for this solvent as it is, and a new solvent may be added suitably.
- the reaction between the resole-type condensate and resorcin is not particularly limited, but is usually carried out at a reaction temperature of 40 to 150 ° C. and a reaction time of 1 to 48 hours (for example, 1 to 8 hours).
- the content of free resorcin is kept at 120 ° C. or higher until the content of free resorcin in the reaction mixture becomes 5% by weight or less. It is preferable to carry out the reaction. If more than 5% by weight of free resorcin remains in this reaction stage, it is difficult to implement industrially at a high temperature and high degree of vacuum even if it is attempted to remove free resorcin at the same time until it becomes less than 5% by weight in the solvent removal step described later. Conditions are necessary, and the cocondensate obtained at this time is colored by heat or polymerization proceeds. As a result, the softening point exceeds 150 ° C., and is used by blending with rubber during kneading. Unsuitable as an adhesive between rubber and reinforcement.
- the reaction is performed at 120 ° C or higher as long as it is 120 ° C or higher at any time during the reaction.
- the reaction is started at less than 120 ° C in the initial stage of reaction, and then gradually heated to 120 ° C or higher.
- the method etc. which are made are illustrated. If the reaction temperature never exceeds 120 ° C., the free resorcin in the reaction mixture does not fall below 5% by weight.
- the free resorcin content does not become 5% by weight or less because the resulting cocondensate is polymerized.
- the reaction mixture refers to everything contained in the reaction vessel, such as resole-type condensate, resorcin, solvent, etc., which are the raw materials for this reaction, and the resorcin content in the reaction mixture can be quantified by analysis using, for example, a gas chromatograph. is there.
- a method of simply reducing the amount of raw material resorcin used is also conceivable.
- the raw material resorcin is insufficient during the reaction, and instead, the resorcin site in the cocondensate is further increased. Since it reacts and polymerizes, the softening point becomes very high.
- the reaction rate tends to be slow if water is present in the system, and the reaction rate is reduced by the water produced by the reaction between the resole-type condensate and resorcin. Therefore, it is preferable to carry out the reaction while dehydrating for the purpose of promoting the reaction.
- water generated in the reaction is sufficiently dehydrated, so that it is dehydrated under reduced pressure at the beginning of the reaction, and then the internal temperature is set to 120 ° C. or higher. Is preferred.
- the solvent used in the reaction is usually removed after the reaction.
- the conditions for removing the solvent are not particularly limited.
- the solvent removal is performed at 120 to 160 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 45 to 10 kPa.
- the free resorcin content in the reaction mixture before solvent removal is more than 5% by weight, the free resorcin content of the cocondensate after solvent removal is reduced.
- high temperature and high pressure reduction conditions that are difficult to implement industrially are necessary, and the cocondensate obtained at this time is colored by heat, thereby reducing the product value. is there.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned cocondensate and rubber component, and can typically be obtained by kneading the above-mentioned cocondensate, rubber component, filler and sulfur. Together with these, a vulcanization accelerator, zinc oxide, formaldehyde generator, methylene donor compound, and organic cobalt compound can be kneaded.
- the amount of the above-mentioned cocondensate used is not particularly limited, but is usually used in the range of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. In particular, the range of 1 to 5 parts by weight is preferable. When the amount is less than 0.5 parts by weight, it does not usefully act as an adhesive between the reinforcing material and the rubber. It is not preferable.
- natural rubber epoxidized natural rubber, deproteinized natural rubber and other modified natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber (IR), styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), acrylonitrile -
- synthetic rubbers such as butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR), isoprene / isobutylene copolymer rubber (IIR), ethylene / propylene-diene copolymer rubber (EPDM), halogenated butyl rubber (HR), etc.
- Highly unsaturated rubbers such as rubber, styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber and polybutadiene rubber are preferably used.
- Particularly preferred is natural rubber. It is also effective to combine several rubber components such as a combination of natural rubber and styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber, a combination of natural rubber and polybutadiene rubber.
- natural rubber examples include natural rubber of grades such as RSS # 1, RSS # 3, TSR20, and SIR20.
- epoxidized natural rubber those having a degree of epoxidation of 10 to 60% by mole are preferable, and examples thereof include ENR25 and ENR50 manufactured by Kumpoulangrie.
- the deproteinized natural rubber a deproteinized natural rubber having a total nitrogen content of 0.3% by weight or less is preferable.
- the modified natural rubber a modified natural rubber containing a polar group obtained by reacting natural rubber with 4-vinylpyridine, N, N-dialkylaminoethyl acrylate (for example, N, N-diethylaminoethyl acrylate), 2-hydroxyacrylate or the like in advance. Rubber is preferably used.
- SBR examples include emulsion polymerization SBR and solution polymerization SBR described in pages 210 to 211 of “Rubber Industry Handbook ⁇ Fourth Edition>” edited by the Japan Rubber Association.
- solution polymerization SBR is preferably used, and solution polymerization SBR, JSR in which molecular ends are modified with 4,4′-bis- (dialkylamino) benzophenone such as “Nippol (registered trademark) NS116” manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- Solution polymerized SBR having a molecular end modified with a tin halide compound such as “SL574” manufactured by the company, commercially available silane-modified solution polymerized SBR such as “E10” and “E15” manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, lactam compounds, amide compounds, A urea compound, an N, N-dialkylacrylamide compound, an isocyanate compound, an imide compound, a silane compound having an alkoxy group (trialkoxysilane compound, etc.), an aminosilane compound alone, or a tin compound and an alkoxy group Silane compounds with alkyl and alkyl acrylamide And using a plurality of different compounds described above, such as silane compounds having an alkoxy group and an alkoxy group, each of the molecular ends obtained by modifying the molecular ends is nitrogen, tin, silicon, or a plurality of these Solution polymerization SBR having an element is particularly preferably used.
- BR examples include solution polymerization BR such as high cis BR having 90% or more of cis 1,4 bond and low cis BR having cis bond of about 35%, and low cis BR having high vinyl content is preferably used. It is done.
- tin modified BR such as “Nipol (registered trademark) BR 1250H” manufactured by Nippon Zeon, 4,4′-bis- (dialkylamino) benzophenone, tin halide compound, lactam compound, amide compound, urea compound, N, An N-dialkylacrylamide compound, an isocyanate compound, an imide compound, a silane compound having an alkoxy group (trialkoxysilane compound, etc.), an aminosilane compound alone, or a silane compound having a tin compound and an alkoxy group, Using two or more different compounds as described above, such as an alkylacrylamide compound and a silane compound having an alkoxy group, each of the molecular ends obtained by modifying the molecular ends is either nitrogen, tin, or silicon, or those Solution polymerization BR having a plurality of elements , Particularly preferably used. These BRs are usually used in blends with natural rubber.
- the rubber component preferably contains natural rubber, and the proportion of natural rubber in the rubber component is preferably 70% by weight or more.
- Examples of the filler include carbon black, silica, talc, clay, aluminum hydroxide, titanium oxide and the like which are usually used in the rubber field, but carbon black and silica are preferably used, and carbon black is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the carbon black include those described in page 494 of “Rubber Industry Handbook ⁇ Fourth Edition>” edited by the Japan Rubber Association. HAF (High Ablation Furnace), SAF (Super Ablation Furnace), ISAF (Intermediate). Carbon black such as SAF), FEF (Fast Extension Furnace), MAF, GPF (General Purpose Furnace), SRF (Semi-Reinforcing Furnace) is preferable.
- carbon black having a CTAB surface area of 40 to 250 m 2 / g, a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 20 to 200 m 2 / g, and a particle diameter of 10 to 50 nm is preferably used, with a CTAB surface area of 70 to 180 m 2 / g.
- a certain carbon black is more preferable, and examples thereof include N110, N220, N234, N299, N326, N330, N330T, N339, N343, N351 and the like in the ASTM standard.
- silica examples include silica having a CTAB specific surface area of 50 to 180 m 2 / g and a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 50 to 300 m 2 / g.
- “AQ”, “AQ-N” manufactured by Tosoh Silica Co., Ltd. Degussa "Ultrasil (registered trademark) VN3", “Ultrasil (registered trademark) 360", “Ultrasil (registered trademark) 7000", Rhodia “Zeosil (registered trademark) 115GR”, “Zeosil (registered trademark)”
- Commercially available products such as “1115MP”, “Zeosil (registered trademark) 1205MP”, “Zeosil (registered trademark) Z85MP”, “Nippal (registered trademark) AQ” manufactured by Nippon Silica Co., Ltd.
- silica bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (“Si-69” manufactured by Degussa) or bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide (“Degussa” Si-75 "), bis (3-diethoxymethylsilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-diethoxymethylsilylpropyl) disulfide, octanethioic acid S- [3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl] ester (general electronic silicon A compound having an element such as silicon or a functional group such as alkoxysilane that can be bonded to silica, such as one or more silane coupling agents selected from the group consisting of preferable.
- aluminum hydroxide examples include aluminum hydroxide having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 5 to 250 m 2 / g and a DOP oil supply amount of 50 to 100 ml / 100 g.
- the amount of the filler used is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 to 120 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. Particularly preferred is 30 to 70 parts by weight.
- the filler preferably contains carbon black, and the proportion of carbon black in the filler is preferably 70% by weight or more.
- the sulfur component examples include powdered sulfur, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, insoluble sulfur, and highly dispersible sulfur. Usually, powdered sulfur is preferred, and insoluble sulfur is preferred when used for tire members having a large amount of sulfur such as tire belt members.
- the amount of sulfur component used is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. In the case of a tire belt member or the like, the range of 5 to 10 parts by weight is preferable.
- vulcanization accelerators include thiazole vulcanization accelerators described on pages 412 to 413 of Rubber Industry Handbook ⁇ Fourth Edition> (issued by the Japan Rubber Association on January 20, 1994), Examples thereof include sulfenamide vulcanization accelerators and guanidine vulcanization accelerators.
- N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide CBS
- N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide BSS
- N N-dicyclohexyl-2 -Benzothiazolylsulfenamide
- DCBS 2-mercaptobenzothiazole
- MTT 2-mercaptobenzothiazole
- MBTS dibenzothiazyl disulfide
- DPG diphenylguanidine
- N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide CBS
- N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide BSS
- N N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfur
- DCBS phenamide
- MBTS dibenzothiazyl disulfide
- DPG diphenylguanidine
- the amount of the vulcanization accelerator used is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. In particular, the range of 0.5 to 1.2 parts by weight is particularly preferable. *
- the amount of zinc oxide used is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 3 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. In particular, the range of 5 to 10 parts by weight is particularly preferable.
- formaldehyde generator examples include those usually used in the rubber industry such as hexamethylenetetramine, hexakis (methoxymethyl) melamine, pentakis (methoxymethyl) methylolmelamine, tetrakis (methoxymethyl) dimethylolmelamine. Among them, hexakis (methoxymethyl) melamine alone or a mixture containing it as a main component is preferable.
- These formaldehyde generators can be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the blending amount is preferably in the range of about 0.5 to 4 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. A range of about 3 parts by weight is more preferable.
- organic cobalt compound examples include acid cobalt salts such as cobalt naphthenate and cobalt stearate, and fatty acid cobalt / boron complex compounds (for example, trade name “Manobond C (registered trademark)” manufactured by Rhodia). .
- the amount of the organic cobalt compound used is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.4 parts by weight in terms of cobalt content with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be kneaded with various compounding agents conventionally used in the rubber field.
- compounding agents include anti-aging agents, oils, retarders, peptizers, and stearic acid.
- anti-aging agent examples include those described on pages 436 to 443 of “Rubber Industry Handbook ⁇ Fourth Edition>” edited by the Japan Rubber Association. Among them, N-phenyl-N′-1,3-dimethylbutyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), reaction product of aniline and acetone (TMDQ), poly (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-) dihydro Quinoline) (“Antioxidant FR” manufactured by Matsubara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), synthetic wax (paraffin wax, etc.) and vegetable wax are preferably used.
- Oils include process oils and vegetable oils.
- Examples of the process oil include paraffinic process oil, naphthenic process oil, and aromatic process oil.
- the retarder examples include phthalic anhydride, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, N- (cyclohexylthio) -phthalimide (CTP), sulfonamide derivatives, diphenylurea, bis (tridecyl) pentaerythritol-diphosphite, etc.
- N- (cyclohexylthio) -phthalimide (CTP) is preferably used.
- the rubber composition containing the cocondensate of the present invention includes, for example, the following steps: It can be obtained by a method comprising (A) a step of kneading a filler and a rubber component, and (B) a step of kneading a kneaded product obtained in the step (A), a sulfur component and a vulcanization accelerator.
- Kneading of the filler and the rubber component in the step (A) can be performed using a closed kneader such as a Banbury mixer. Such kneading is usually accompanied by heat generation.
- the temperature at the end of kneading is preferably in the range of 140 ° C. to 180 ° C., and more preferably in the range of 150 ° C. to 170 ° C.
- the kneading time is about 5 to 10 minutes.
- the kneaded product obtained in the step (A), the sulfur component and the vulcanization accelerator can be kneaded using a closed kneading apparatus such as a Banbury mixer or an open roll.
- the temperature of the kneaded product at the end of kneading is preferably 30 ° C. to 100 ° C., and more preferably 60 ° C. to 90 ° C.
- the kneading time is usually about 5 to 10 minutes.
- step (A) zinc oxide, anti-aging agent, oil, fatty acids, peptizer and the like added as necessary are preferably added in step (A).
- step (B) it is preferable to add at a process (B).
- the rubber composition containing the cocondensate of the present invention is particularly effective in vulcanization adhesion with a reinforcing material.
- the reinforcing material include organic fibers such as nylon, rayon, polyester, and aramid, and steel cords such as a brass-plated steel cord and a galvanized steel cord. In particular, it is particularly effective in vulcanization adhesion with a steel cord plated with brass.
- the rubber composition containing the cocondensate of the present invention is molded together with a reinforcing material, and a rubber product in which the rubber and the reinforcing material are firmly bonded can be obtained through a vulcanization process.
- the vulcanization step is preferably performed at 120 ° C to 180 ° C.
- the vulcanization step is performed at normal pressure or under pressure.
- HLC-8220GPC manufactured by Tosoh
- Carrier and flow rate tetrahydrofuran 0.35 mL / min
- p-tert-butyl group proton derived from p-tert-butylphenol: 1.0 to 1.2 ppm
- o-Phenylphenol Ratio (mole times) when p-tert-butylphenol is 1.
- Methylene group derived from formaldehyde ratio (molar ratio) to the total amount of o-phenylphenol and p-tert-butylphenol.
- Example 1 A four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a thermometer was charged with 97.3 g (1.2 mol) of formalin having a purity of 37%, 30.0 g (0.20 mol) of p-tert-butylphenol, o-phenylphenol 68 0.0 g (0.40 mol) and 75.4 g of toluene were sequentially added. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 45 ° C., 20 g (0.12 mol) of a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred until the heat generation stopped.
- the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was raised again until the internal temperature reached 80 ° C., and the temperature was further kept for 4 hours.
- reaction mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. or less, neutralized by adding 49 g of water and 7.55 g (1.13 mol) of oxalic acid dihydrate, and 22.6 g of toluene was added, and then allowed to stand. And the aqueous layer was removed.
- Resorcin 62.7g (0.57mol) was added, it heated up to 70 degreeC of internal temperature, and azeotropic dehydration was performed over 4 hours under reduced pressure. During this time, the internal temperature rose to 90 ° C. Subsequently, the temperature was raised to 115 ° C. at normal pressure, and azeotropic dehydration was performed for 1 hour. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 145 to 150 ° C., and the solvent toluene was distilled off by keeping the temperature for 2 hours. Thereafter, the pressure was reduced to 16 kPa while maintaining the internal temperature at 140 to 150 ° C., and the solvent toluene was further distilled off by maintaining the temperature for 2 hours. By the above operation, 173 g of orange cocondensate was obtained.
- Example 2 In Example 1, except that the charge amount of p-tert-butylphenol was changed to 15.0 g (0.10 mol) and the charge amount of o-phenylphenol was changed to 85.0 g (0.50 mol), In the same manner, 177 g of an orange cocondensate was obtained.
- the mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 75 ° C. or lower, neutralized by adding 3.15 g (0.025 mol) of oxalic acid dihydrate, and then added with 110 g (1.00 mol) of resorcin, and an internal temperature of 108
- the temperature was raised to ⁇ 111 ° C. and azeotropic dehydration was performed over 4 hours. Subsequently, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 145 to 150 ° C. at normal pressure, and the solvent toluene was distilled off by keeping the temperature for 2 hours.
- Example 3 In a four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a thermometer, 90.0 g (1.11 mol) of formalin with a purity of 37%, 15.0 g (0.10 mol) of p-tert-butylphenol, 85 of o-phenylphenol 85 0.0 g (0.50 mol) was added in order. Thereafter, the internal temperature was raised to 45 ° C., 20.0 g (0.12 mol) of a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred until the exotherm subsided. After confirming that the exotherm had subsided, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. and kept at that temperature for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was raised again until the internal temperature reached 75 ° C., and the temperature was further maintained for 3 hours.
- reaction mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. or lower, and diluted with 77.0 g of methyl isobutyl ketone. Thereafter, the reaction solution was neutralized, stirred for 10 minutes, and allowed to stand to remove the aqueous layer.
- Example 4 In a four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a thermometer, 90.0 g (1.11 mol) of formalin with a purity of 37%, 15.0 g (0.10 mol) of p-tert-butylphenol, 85 of o-phenylphenol 85 0.0 g (0.50 mol) was added in order. Thereafter, the internal temperature was raised to 45 ° C., 20.0 g (0.12 mol) of a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred until the exotherm subsided. After confirming that the exotherm had subsided, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. and kept at that temperature for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was raised again until the internal temperature reached 75 ° C., and the temperature was further maintained for 3 hours.
- reaction mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. or lower, and diluted with 77.0 g of methyl isobutyl ketone. Thereafter, the reaction solution was neutralized, stirred for 10 minutes, and allowed to stand to remove the aqueous layer.
- Example 5 In a four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a thermometer, 90.0 g (1.11 mol) of formalin with a purity of 37%, 15.0 g (0.10 mol) of p-tert-butylphenol, 85 of o-phenylphenol 85 0.0 g (0.50 mol) was added in order. Thereafter, the internal temperature was raised to 45 ° C., 20.0 g (0.12 mol) of a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred until the exotherm subsided. After confirming that the exotherm had subsided, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. and kept at that temperature for 1.5 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was raised again until the internal temperature reached 75 ° C., and the temperature was further maintained for 3 hours.
- reaction mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. or lower, and diluted with 77.0 g of methyl isobutyl ketone. Thereafter, the reaction solution was neutralized, stirred for 10 minutes, and allowed to stand to remove the aqueous layer.
- Example 6 In a four-necked separable flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a thermometer, 97.3 g (1.2 mol) of formalin with a purity of 37%, 15.0 g (0.10 mol) of p-tert-butylphenol, 85 of o-phenylphenol 85 0.0 g (0.50 mol) and 77.0 g of toluene were sequentially added. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 45 ° C., 20 g (0.12 mol) of a 24% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was stirred until the heat generation stopped.
- the temperature was raised to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. and kept at that temperature for 2 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was raised again until the internal temperature reached 80 ° C., and the temperature was further kept for 4 hours.
- the mixture was cooled to an internal temperature of 65 ° C. or lower, and diluted with 23.0 g of toluene. Thereafter, the reaction solution was neutralized, stirred for 10 minutes, and allowed to stand to remove the aqueous layer.
- Average molecular weight of the cocondensate 2160, softening point of the cocondensate: 123 ° C., residual toluene in the cocondensate: 1.1%, free p-tert-butylphenol: 0.0%, free o-phenylphenol: 0.4%, free resorcin: 9.5%.
- Free phenols represent the total amount of p-tert-octylphenol and p-cresol in the case of SUMIKANOL620, and the total amount of p-tert-butylphenol and o-phenylphenol in Examples 2 and 3 of this application. . Moreover, the residual amount in Table 1 has shown the residual amount (weight%) of the solvent.
- Natural rubber SMR-CV60, Carbon black: “Seast 300” (HAF-LS grade) manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.
- Zinc flower Zohua Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Anti-aging agent “Antioxidant FR” manufactured by Matsubara, Cobalt salt: cobalt stearate (reagent), Insoluble sulfur: “Cristex HS OT-20” manufactured by Flexis, ⁇ Vulcanization accelerator: N, N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide (reagent), Methylene donor: “Sumikanol 507AP” manufactured by Bara Chemical Co., Ltd.
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Abstract
Description
〔3〕 p-tert-ブチルフェノール、o-フェニルフェノール及びレゾルシンと、ホルムアルデヒドとの縮合物である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の共縮合物。
p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して0.8倍モル以上のレゾルシンをさらに反応させる工程と、
をこの順で含む、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の共縮合物の製造方法。
得られる共縮合物にレゾルシンを混合し、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して0.2重量倍以上の溶媒存在下、反応混合物中の遊離レゾルシンが5重量%以下になるまで120℃以上で反応させる工程と、
を含む、〔4〕に記載の共縮合物の製造方法。
<共縮合物>
本発明の共縮合物(フェノール樹脂)は、下記式(1):
本発明に係る共縮合物の製造方法は、
〔a〕アルカリ存在下、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの混合物をホルムアルデヒドと反応させて、レゾール型縮合物を得る工程、及び
〔b〕p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して0.8倍モル以上のレゾルシンをさらに反応させる工程、
をこの順で含む。
次に、本発明に係る共縮合物を含むゴム組成物について詳述する。
(A)充填剤とゴム成分を混練する工程、及び
(B)(A)の工程で得た混練物と硫黄成分と加硫促進剤を混練する工程
を含む方法により得ることができる。
共縮合物の分析及び物性評価は以下のようにして行った。
共縮合物の平均分子量は、以下装置及び条件で分析したゲル透過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)により、ポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量として算出した。
・カラム : TSK ガードカラム SUPER HZ-L(東ソー製)
+TSK-GEL SUPER HZ1000(4.6mmφ×150mm)
+TSK-GEL SUPER HZ2500(4.6mmφ×150mm)
+TSK-GEL SUPER HZ4000(4.6mmφ×150mm)、
・カラム温度:40℃、
・注入量 :10μL、
・キャリアー及び流速:テトラヒドロフラン 0.35mL/min、
・サンプル調製:共縮合物約0.02gをテトラヒドロフラン20mLに溶解。
残留モノマー及び残留溶媒については、以下の条件に基づくガスクロマトグラフィーにより定量を行った。
・カラム :ガラスカラム外径5mm×内径3.2mm×長さ3.1m、
・充填剤 :充填剤 Silicone OV-17 10% Chromosorb WHP 80/100mesh, max.temp.340℃、
・カラム温度:80℃→280℃、
・気化室温度:250℃、
・検出器温度:280℃、
・検出器 :FID、
・キャリアー:N2(40ml/min)、
・燃焼ガス :水素(60kPa),空気(60kPa)、
・注入量 :2μL。
JIS-K2207に準拠した方法により測定した。
以下条件に基づく方法により1H―NMR分析を行った。
・溶媒:重水素置換ジメチルスルホキシド。
ホルムアルデヒド由来のメチレン基のプロトン:3.4~3.9ppm、
o-フェニルフェノール由来のo-フェニル基のプロトン:7.1~7.5ppm。
o-フェニルフェノール:p-tert-ブチルフェノールを1としたときの割合(モル倍)、
ホルムアルデヒド由来のメチレン基:o-フェニルフェノールとp-tert-ブチルフェノールの合計量に対する割合(モル倍)。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度37%のホルマリン97.3g(1.2mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール30.0g(0.20mol)、o-フェニルフェノール68.0g(0.40mol)、トルエン75.4gを順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、24%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20g(0.12mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて2時間保温した。その後、内温80℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに4時間保温した。
実施例1において、p-tert-ブチルフェノールの仕込み量を15.0g(0.10mol)、o-フェニルフェノールの仕込み量を85.0g(0.50mol)に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして橙色の共縮合物177gを得た。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度92%のパラホルムアルデヒド43.5g(1.33mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール150g(1.00mol)、トルエン75.0gを順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液4.16g(0.05mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて2時間保温した。その後、内温80℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに1.5時間保温した。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度37%のホルマリン90.0g(1.11mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール15.0g(0.10mol)、o-フェニルフェノール85.0g(0.50mol)を順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、24%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20.0g(0.12mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて1.5時間保温した。その後、内温75℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに3時間保温した。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度37%のホルマリン90.0g(1.11mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール15.0g(0.10mol)、o-フェニルフェノール85.0g(0.50mol)を順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、24%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20.0g(0.12mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて1.5時間保温した。その後、内温75℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに3時間保温した。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度37%のホルマリン90.0g(1.11mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール15.0g(0.10mol)、o-フェニルフェノール85.0g(0.50mol)を順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、24%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20.0g(0.12mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて1.5時間保温した。その後、内温75℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに3時間保温した。
還流冷却器及び温度計を備えた四つ口セパラブルフラスコに、純度37%のホルマリン97.3g(1.2mol)、p-tert-ブチルフェノール15.0g(0.10mol)、o-フェニルフェノール85.0g(0.50mol)、トルエン77.0gを順に加えた。その後、内温45℃まで昇温し、24%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20g(0.12mol)を添加し、発熱が収まるまで攪拌した。発熱が収まったのを確認した後、内温65℃まで昇温し、同温度にて2時間保温した。その後、内温80℃になるまで再度昇温し、さらに4時間保温した。
レゾルシンの量を51.5g(0.47mol)に変更したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして橙色の共縮合物164gを得た。脱水反応を終了した時点での遊離レゾルシンは6.8%であった。
p-tert-ブチルフェノールの使用量を90.0g(0.60mol)に変更し、o-フェニルフェノールを使用しなかったこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして褐色の共縮合物173gを得た。脱水反応を終了した時点での遊離レゾルシンは4.6%であった。
(2-1)上記実施例で得られた共縮合物を含む未加硫ゴム組成物の製造
樹脂接着剤として、下記表1に示す物性を有する実施例2及び実施例3で製造した共縮合物、並びに従来品として市販品の樹脂接着剤であるSUMIKANOL620(田岡化学工業社製)を選択した。表1中の%は重量%を表す。
・カーボンブラック:東海カーボン株式会社製「シースト300」(HAF-LSグレード)、
・亜鉛華:正同化学工業(株)亜鉛華2種、
・老化防止剤:松原社製「Antioxidant FR」、
・コバルト塩:ステアリン酸コバルト(試薬)、
・不溶性硫黄:フレキシス社製「クリステックスHS OT-20」、
・加硫促進剤:N,N-ジシクロヘキシル-2-べンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド(試薬)、
・メチレンドナー:バラケミカル社製「スミカノール507AP」。
上記の通り得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を用いて、ムーニー粘度試験(JIS K 6300-1:2001準拠、130℃で測定)、及びレオメーター試験(JIS K 6300-2:2001準拠、160℃で測定)を実施した。また、未加硫試料を作製後室温にて24時間放置した後、160℃、6MPaでの加圧下、t90+5分の条件で加硫し、2mm厚の加硫ゴムシートを調製した。ついで、その加硫ゴムシートから作成したゴム試験片を用い、引張試験(JIS K 6251:2010準拠、25℃で測定)、及び硬度の測定(JIS K 6253:2006準拠、25℃で測定)を実施した。
上記の通り得られた各未加硫ゴム組成物を用いて、ゴム-スチールコード複合体の試料を作製した。詳細には、真鍮メッキスチールコード(直径約0.8ミリ,3×0.20+6×0.35mm構造、銅/亜鉛=64/36(重量比)の真鍮めっき)を1本/10mmの間隔で5本を配列したものの両面を、上記各未加硫ゴム組成物からなる約2ミリ厚の未加硫ゴムシートを用いて被覆し、このコードを平行になるように積層した剥離接着試験用の未加硫試料を作製した。得られた未加硫試料を用いて、初期接着性と湿熱接着性を下記方法により評価した。
上記未加硫試料を作製後、室温にて24時間放置した後、160℃、6MPaでの加圧下、t90+5分の条件で加硫し、5本のスチールコードを1cm挟んだ1cm×1cm×6cmの直方体のゴム片を得た。本ゴム片を島津製作所(株)製オートグラフ「AGC-X」を用いて1本毎にスチールコードの引抜試験を行い、100ミリ/分で垂直方向に引き抜く際の応力をゴム引抜応力(kgf)として測定した。また、引抜後のスチールコードのゴム被覆率を目視にて観察し、0~100%で評価した。
上記未加硫試料を作製後、室温にて24時間放置した後、160℃×t90+5分の条件で加硫し、加硫した試験片を80℃×95%RHの環境下で168時間放置した後、上記初期接着性と同様の引抜試験を行い、引抜後のスチールコードのゴム被覆率を目視にて観察し、0~100%で評価した。
Claims (7)
- 遊離レゾルシンの含量が5重量%以下である、請求項1に記載の共縮合物。
- p-tert-ブチルフェノール、o-フェニルフェノール及びレゾルシンと、ホルムアルデヒドとの縮合物である、請求項1又は2に記載の共縮合物。
- アルカリ存在下、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの混合物をホルムアルデヒドと反応させる工程と、
p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して0.8倍モル以上のレゾルシンをさらに反応させる工程と、
をこの順で含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の共縮合物の製造方法。 - アルカリ存在下、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの混合物をホルムアルデヒドと反応させる工程と、
得られる共縮合物にレゾルシンを混合し、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して0.2重量倍以上の溶媒存在下、反応混合物中の遊離レゾルシンが5重量%以下になるまで120℃以上で反応させる工程と、
を含む、請求項4に記載の共縮合物の製造方法。 - レゾルシンの使用量が、p-tert-ブチルフェノールとo-フェニルフェノールの総量に対して2.0倍モル以下である、請求項4又は5に記載の共縮合物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の共縮合物を含むゴム組成物。
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WO2016052450A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-04-07 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 金属コード-ゴム複合体 |
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JP2018024841A (ja) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-15 | 田岡化学工業株式会社 | ゴム配合用ノボラック型共縮合物及び該共縮合物の製造方法 |
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