WO2014069550A1 - 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014069550A1 WO2014069550A1 PCT/JP2013/079482 JP2013079482W WO2014069550A1 WO 2014069550 A1 WO2014069550 A1 WO 2014069550A1 JP 2013079482 W JP2013079482 W JP 2013079482W WO 2014069550 A1 WO2014069550 A1 WO 2014069550A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- ring
- formula
- independently
- formulas
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 130
- -1 tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 103
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 88
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 69
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007699 photoisomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005714 2,5- (1,3-dioxanylene) group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])([*:1])OC([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000994 AN-VI Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 0 C*(C*C(NN)=O)C(NC)=O Chemical compound C*(C*C(NN)=O)C(NC)=O 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical group N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 206010047571 Visual impairment Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000002345 steroid group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000006159 dianhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAUAZXVRLVIARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-[bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)amino]phenyl]methyl]-n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1CN(C=1C=CC(CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(CC2OC2)CC2OC2)=CC=1)CC1CO1 FAUAZXVRLVIARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 2
- RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCOCC(C)O RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006039 1-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006023 1-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylhexan-2-yloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)(C)OCC1CO1 JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMOZDINWBHMBSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2OCCN=2)=C1 HMOZDINWBHMBSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006040 2-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006024 2-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JFUOAGBSDGCVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-but-2-enyl-4-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC=CCC1C(C)C(=O)NC1=O JFUOAGBSDGCVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006041 3-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous diethylene glycol Natural products OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006358 imidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004893 oxazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1(O)CCCCC1 QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKJNETINGMOHJG-GGWOSOGESA-N (e)-1-[(e)-prop-1-enoxy]prop-1-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\O\C=C\C ZKJNETINGMOHJG-GGWOSOGESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001989 1,3-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([*:2])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)=C1 IPJGAEWUPXWFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQSZMTOTNQWHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-2-(1-cyclohexyloxycyclohexyl)oxybenzene Chemical group C1(CCCCC1)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC1(CCCCC1)OC1CCCCC1 YQSZMTOTNQWHOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDQNKCYCTYYMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 BDQNKCYCTYYMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LTMRRSWNXVJMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005450 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:2])C(F)=C(F)C([*:1])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- KKKKCPPTESQGQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=NCCO1 KKKKCPPTESQGQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDNUPMSZKVCETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound O1CCN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 ZDNUPMSZKVCETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVEMWYGBLHQEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbutanamide Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(N)=O QVEMWYGBLHQEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCl OXYZDRAJMHGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNTKCYKJRSMRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCCl KNTKCYKJRSMRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFKRHJVUCZRDTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxy-3-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CCO MFKRHJVUCZRDTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEQVCPKISCKMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-benzo[f][1,2]benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=CNO3)C3=CC=C21 QEQVCPKISCKMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJBMVCDGBSYRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(furan-2-ylmethylidene)-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one Chemical compound O=C1OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=CC1=CC=CO1 QJBMVCDGBSYRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006042 4-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GCNTZFIIOFTKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxypyridine Chemical compound OC1=CC=NC=C1 GCNTZFIIOFTKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRKPGWQEKNEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)pentan-2-imine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C(C)CC(C)C PRKPGWQEKNEVEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUFHJPXOLHSJTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2-[(4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound N=1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)COC=1CC(OC1)=NC1C1=CC=CC=C1 IUFHJPXOLHSJTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTNVCJCSECAMLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2-[2-(4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propan-2-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound N=1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)COC=1C(C)(C)C(OC1)=NC1C1=CC=CC=C1 JTNVCJCSECAMLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNFGJDBAWVODMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-1-en-2-yl-2-[3-(4-prop-1-en-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)butan-2-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound N=1C(C(C)=C)COC=1C(C)C(C)C1=NC(C(C)=C)CO1 LNFGJDBAWVODMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSGQGLBCAHGJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propan-2-yl-2-[6-(4-propan-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC(C)C1COC(C=2N=C(C=CC=2)C=2OCC(N=2)C(C)C)=N1 CSGQGLBCAHGJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPMGLJUMNRDNMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2-[2-(4-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propan-2-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1COC(C(C)(C)C=2OCC(N=2)C(C)(C)C)=N1 DPMGLJUMNRDNMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMGMKHRBKOVHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1COC=N1 QEMGMKHRBKOVHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XKWPGWIAMUYPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene Chemical group C1CCOC2=C(F)C(F)=CC=C21 XKWPGWIAMUYPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQNANEGFKWSKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(c(cccc1)c1OC1)N1c(cc1)ccc1Oc(cc1)ccc1Oc(cc1)ccc1N(C1)COc2c1cccc2 Chemical compound C(c(cccc1)c1OC1)N1c(cc1)ccc1Oc(cc1)ccc1Oc(cc1)ccc1N(C1)COc2c1cccc2 GQNANEGFKWSKLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXKQWXGZDYNKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(c(cccc1)c1OC1)N1c(cc1)ccc1Oc1cc(Oc(cc2)ccc2N(C2)COc3c2cccc3)ccc1 Chemical compound C(c(cccc1)c1OC1)N1c(cc1)ccc1Oc1cc(Oc(cc2)ccc2N(C2)COc3c2cccc3)ccc1 RXKQWXGZDYNKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVACNIVEDRTHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1(CC1)N(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O Chemical compound CC1(CC1)N(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O DVACNIVEDRTHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHRYLXXHLFPFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O Chemical compound CN(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O WHRYLXXHLFPFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFTXGTMZGBLHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc(cc1)ccc1N(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O Chemical compound Cc(cc1)ccc1N(C(C1C2C3C=CC1C3)=O)C2=O XFTXGTMZGBLHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJYIASZWHGOTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCN WJYIASZWHGOTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L Malonate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcaprolactam Chemical compound CN1CCCCCC1=O ZWXPDGCFMMFNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEDIISHJHWEMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(c(cc1)ccc1C(NN)=O)=O Chemical compound NC(c(cc1)ccc1C(NN)=O)=O DEDIISHJHWEMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNMCQGWGCHSBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(c1cc(C(NN)=O)ccc1)=O Chemical compound NC(c1cc(C(NN)=O)ccc1)=O CNMCQGWGCHSBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWRGUMCEJHQWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N NNC(C(NN)=O)=O Chemical compound NNC(C(NN)=O)=O SWRGUMCEJHQWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZFFEGJRAUSYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1cc(C(N(CCO)CCO)=O)cc(N)c1 Chemical compound Nc1cc(C(N(CCO)CCO)=O)cc(N)c1 ZZFFEGJRAUSYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCGBMUKCJGJRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1cc(C(NC(CO)CO)=O)cc(N)c1 Chemical compound Nc1cc(C(NC(CO)CO)=O)cc(N)c1 DCGBMUKCJGJRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid phenyl ester Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IPBVNPXQWQGGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005089 alkenylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005090 alkenylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005193 alkenylcarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005092 alkenyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005095 alkynylaminocarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005087 alkynylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005198 alkynylcarbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005225 alkynyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004956 cyclohexylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-methyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000572 ellipsometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- KAJZYANLDWUIES-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN KAJZYANLDWUIES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005446 heptyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940042795 hydrazides for tuberculosis treatment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN BUHXFUSLEBPCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNCCN MQWFLKHKWJMCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFZUFHWISBKFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[4-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]oxybutyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OCCCCNCCN IFZUFHWISBKFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZGIOLNCNORPKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-bis(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCNCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HZGIOLNCNORPKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAUMXMQJIMQTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-dihydroxyocta-2,6-dienediamide Chemical compound ONC(=O)C=CCCC=CC(=O)NO WAUMXMQJIMQTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGOTTZBAFIFJGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-m-xylylene-bis(allyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide) Chemical compound C1=CC(CN2C(C3C4(CC=C)CC(C=C4)C3C2=O)=O)=CC(CN2C(=O)C3C(C2=O)C2CC3(C=C2)CC=C)=C1 MGOTTZBAFIFJGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJQAMHYHNCADNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC QJQAMHYHNCADNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLEWRNFSHDSFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octa-2,6-dienedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CCCC=CC(O)=O HLEWRNFSHDSFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940049953 phenylacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001782 photodegradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011907 photodimerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003216 poly(methylphenylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013020 steam cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1042—Copolyimides derived from at least two different tetracarboxylic compounds or two different diamino compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1067—Wholly aromatic polyimides, i.e. having both tetracarboxylic and diamino moieties aromatically bound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1067—Wholly aromatic polyimides, i.e. having both tetracarboxylic and diamino moieties aromatically bound
- C08G73/1071—Wholly aromatic polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
- C08G73/1078—Partially aromatic polyimides wholly aromatic in the diamino moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1096—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors containing azo linkage in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/35—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having also oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/353—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/35—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having also oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/357—Six-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/24—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/38—Polymers
- C09K19/3804—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the main chain
- C09K19/3809—Polyesters; Polyester derivatives, e.g. polyamides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/123—Ph-Ph-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
- C09K19/16—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. stilbenes
- C09K2019/161—Ph-CH=CH-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
- C09K2019/181—Ph-C≡C-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
- C09K2019/188—Ph-C≡C-Ph-C≡C-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3009—Cy-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/301—Cy-Cy-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
- C09K2019/3016—Cy-Ph-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3028—Cyclohexane rings in which at least two rings are linked by a carbon chain containing carbon to carbon single bonds
- C09K2019/3036—Cy-C2H4-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3028—Cyclohexane rings in which at least two rings are linked by a carbon chain containing carbon to carbon single bonds
- C09K2019/3037—Cy-Cy-C2H4-Ph
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
- C09K2019/325—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring containing a tetrahydronaphthalene, e.g. -2,6-diyl (tetralin)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
- C09K2019/3408—Five-membered ring with oxygen(s) in fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K2019/3422—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
- C09K2019/548—Macromolecular compounds stabilizing the alignment; Polymer stabilized alignment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133397—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods for suppressing after-image or image-sticking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element having a photo-alignment film and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Liquid crystal displays have become widespread in various applications with the development and progress of viewing angle expansion technology and video technology.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an IPS mode (In Plane Switching Mode) liquid crystal display element using an electric field parallel to the surface of a glass substrate.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a liquid crystal display device that improves the aperture ratio using an FFS (Fringe-Field Switching) technique that is a further improvement of the IPS technique.
- FFS Frringe-Field Switching
- liquid crystal molecules are driven in the liquid crystal layer by an electric field parallel to the substrate surface, but in the vicinity of the electrodes, the direction of the lines of electric force is close to the substrate surface, so-called “longitudinal electric field”. Will occur.
- a liquid crystal composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy is used for these types of devices, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the direction of the lines of electric force when a voltage is applied. Arranged in the direction, this causes display defects.
- the alignment film material instead of the conventional rubbing treatment, the alignment film is irradiated with polarized ultraviolet rays to cause the photodegradation reaction, photodimerization reaction, or photoisomerization reaction of the alignment film, thereby causing the pretilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules.
- a photo-alignment method that imparts directionality has been proposed (see Patent Documents 5 and 6).
- the photo-alignment method has higher alignment uniformity than the rubbing method, and the non-contact alignment method does not damage the film, reducing the causes of display defects such as dust generation and static electricity. There are advantages such as being able to.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an alignment film containing a polyamic acid having a photoisomerized structure in the main chain or a derivative thereof and a liquid crystal molecule having negative dielectric anisotropy, and has excellent afterimage characteristics and alignment stability. It is providing a liquid crystal display element with good quality.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other; A group of electrodes formed on one or both of the opposing surfaces of each of the pair of substrates; A plurality of active elements connected to the electrode group; A liquid crystal alignment film formed on the opposing surfaces of each of the pair of substrates; A liquid crystal layer formed between the pair of substrates; The liquid crystal alignment film is aligned by irradiating a linearly polarized light onto a coating film obtained from a polyamic acid having a photoisomerized structure in the main chain or a derivative thereof or a film obtained by baking this coating film Produced through a process of imparting control ability; and
- the liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy containing at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group of liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formula (1) as a first component.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon number 2 in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Ring A and Ring B are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,4- Phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-3-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-6-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthalenediyl, or 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl, wherein at least one of ring A and ring B is 2 , -Difluor
- a polyamic acid having a photoisomerization structure or a derivative thereof is reacted with at least one of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a diamine having a photoisomerization structure selected from the following formulas (I) to (VII):
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a monovalent organic group having —NH 2 or —CO—O—CO—, and R 4 is a divalent group containing an aromatic ring. Is an organic group.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides other than tetracarboxylic dianhydrides having a photoisomerization structure include tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by the following formulas (AN-I) to (AN-VII):
- the liquid crystal display element according to any one of [3] to [6], which contains at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- X is independently a single bond or —CH 2 —;
- G is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, or —C (CF 3 ) 2- ;
- Y is independently one selected from the group of the following trivalent groups; Any hydrogen in these groups may be replaced by methyl,
- Any hydrogen in may be replaced by methyl, ethyl or phenyl, and the bond on the ring is connected to any carbon constituting the ring, and the two bonds are connected to the same carbon May be;
- X 10 is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; Me is methyl; Ph is phenyl;
- G 10 is independently —O—, —COO— or —OCO—; and r is independently 0 or 1.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides other than tetracarboxylic dianhydrides having a photoisomerization structure selected from formulas (I) to (VII) include the following formulas (AN-1-1), ( AN-1-13), (AN-2-1), (AN-3-1), (AN-3-2), (AN-4-5), (AN-4-17), (AN- 4-21), (AN-4-28), (AN-4-29), (AN-7-2), (AN-10), and (AN-11-3)
- the liquid crystal display element according to item [7] comprising at least one.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12;
- G 21 is independently a single bond, —NH—, —O—, —S—, —SS—, —SO 2 —.
- G 22 is independently a single bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2.
- any —H of the cyclohexane ring and the benzene ring is —F, —CH 3 , —OH, —CF 3 , —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , or
- it may be substituted by the following formulas (DI-4-a) to (DI-4-c),
- R 20 is independently —H or —CH 3 ;
- a group whose bonding position is not fixed to any carbon atom constituting the ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary;
- the bonding position of —NH 2 to the cyclohexane ring or benzene ring is an arbitrary position excluding the bonding position of G 21 or G 22 .
- R 21 and R 22 are independently alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons or phenyl; G 23 is independently alkylene having 1 to 6 carbons, phenylene or alkyl-substituted phenylene; n is an integer from 1 to 10; In formula (DI-9), R 23 is independently alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbons or —Cl; p is independently an integer from 0 to 3; q is an integer from 0 to 4; In the formula (DI-10), R 24 is —H, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons, phenyl, or benzyl; In formula (DI-11), G 24 is —CH 2 — or —NH—; In the formula (DI-12), G 25 is a single bond, alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or 1,4-phenylene; r is 0 or 1; In the formula (DI-12), a group whose bonding position is not fixed to any carbon
- G 31 is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, or — C (CF 3 ) 2 —;
- ring B is a cyclohexane ring, a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and any hydrogen of this group may be replaced with methyl, ethyl, or phenyl;
- each ring C is independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring, and any hydrogen of this group may be replaced with methyl, ethyl, or phenyl;
- Y is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —
- m is an integer of 1 to 12;
- k is an integer of 1 to 5;
- n is 1 or 2.
- a liquid crystal alignment film is formed from a polyamic acid having a photoisomerized structure in the main chain according to any one of [1] to [10] or a derivative thereof, and a liquid crystal aligning agent containing another polymer. Liquid crystal display element.
- the liquid crystal alignment film further contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compound, a compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond, an oxazine compound, an oxazoline compound, and an epoxy compound.
- the liquid crystal display element according to any one of [1] to [11], which is formed from a liquid crystal aligning agent.
- the substrate After the step of applying the liquid crystal aligning agent to the substrate and the step of heating and drying the substrate coated with the liquid crystal aligning agent, the substrate is manufactured through a step of imparting alignment control ability by irradiating linearly polarized light.
- the liquid crystal display element according to any one of [1] to [12].
- a step of applying a liquid crystal aligning agent to the substrate a step of heating and drying the substrate coated with the liquid crystal aligning agent, a step of heating and baking the dried film, and then irradiating linearly polarized light.
- the liquid crystal display element according to any one of [1] to [12], which is formed through a step of imparting alignment control ability.
- the liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy is at least one liquid crystal selected from the group of liquid crystal compounds represented by formula (1-1) to formula (1-32) as the first component
- the liquid crystal display element according to any one of [1] to [15], which contains a compound.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon number 2 in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Ring A 1 , Ring A 2 , Ring A 3 , Ring B 1 , and Ring B 2 are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene;
- Z 11 And Z 12 are independently a single bond, — (CH 2 ) 2 —, —CH 2 O—, or —COO—.
- a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy is represented by the formulas (1-1), (1-4), (1-7), and (1-32) as a first component.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon number 2 in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. ⁇ 12 alkenyl.
- the alignment is excellent.
- a liquid crystal display element having good afterimage characteristics can be obtained.
- the present invention includes a pair of opposed substrates, an electrode group formed on one or both of the opposed surfaces of the pair of substrates, and a plurality of active elements connected to the electrode group, A liquid crystal alignment film formed on the opposing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the pair of substrates, the alignment film having a photoisomerization structure in the main chain.
- a liquid crystal composition comprising a polyamic acid or derivative thereof having a negative dielectric anisotropy, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a negative dielectric anisotropy. It is characterized by being.
- the invention is characterized in that an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer has a component parallel to the substrate surface.
- liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy may be simply referred to as “negative liquid crystal composition”
- liquid crystal composition having positive dielectric anisotropy may be simply referred to as “positive liquid crystal composition”.
- the liquid crystal alignment film used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a polyamic acid having a photoisomerization structure in the main chain or a derivative thereof, and the photoisomerization structure is introduced to introduce the photoisomerization structure into the polymer main chain.
- Examples of other tetracarboxylic dianhydrides include aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, alicyclic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, and the like.
- Examples of other diamines include non-side chain diamines, side chain diamines, and hydrazides.
- Examples of such polyamic acid derivatives include soluble polyimide, polyamic acid ester, polyhydrazide acid, polyamic acid amide, and polyhydrazide acid-amide acid.
- polyamic acid Polyimide with amino and carboxyl dehydrating and ring-closing reaction 2) Partial polyimide with partial dehydration and ring-closing reaction, 3) Polyamic acid ester in which carboxyl of polyamic acid is converted to ester, 4) Included in tetracarboxylic dianhydride compound A polyamic acid-polyamide copolymer obtained by replacing a part of the acid dianhydride with an organic dicarboxylic acid, and 5) subjecting part or all of the polyamic acid-polyamide copolymer to a dehydration ring-closing reaction. And polyamide imide.
- One kind of compound may be sufficient as the said polyamic acid or its derivative (s), and 2 or more types may be sufficient as it.
- An alignment film formed from a polyamic acid having a photoisomerized structure in the main chain or a derivative thereof may be simply referred to as “photo-alignment film”.
- the photo-alignment film used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a photo-alignment film that imparts alignment control ability by irradiating linearly polarized light.
- the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal composition injected into the cell assembled using this substrate are in the polarization direction of the irradiated ultraviolet light. Orient with the major axis aligned in a perpendicular direction.
- the step of irradiating the film with ultraviolet linearly polarized light may be before the heating step for the formation of polyimide, or may be after the formation of polyimide by heating.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydride used for producing the polyamic acid or derivative thereof used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described.
- the description of “tetracarboxylic dianhydride” represents not only the case where tetracarboxylic dianhydride is used alone, but also the case where a plurality of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides are used as a mixture. Yes.
- the polyamic acid or derivative thereof having a photoisomerization structure of the present invention is reacted with at least one of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a diamine having a photoisomerization structure selected from the following formulas (I) to (VII): Can be obtained.
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a monovalent organic group having —NH 2 or —CO—O—CO—, and R 4 is a divalent group containing an aromatic ring. Is an organic group.
- the photo-alignment film used in the present invention is obtained by using at least one of tetracarboxylic dianhydride or diamine having at least one photoisomerization structure selected from the above formulas (I) to (VII) as a material. Good photosensitivity can be exhibited.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride material having a suitable photoisomerization structure include the following formula (PAN-1) or (PAN-2).
- Examples of the diamine material having a suitable photoisomerization structure include the following formulas (PDI-1) to (PDI-8).
- PDI-1) to (PDI-8) a group whose bonding position is not fixed to any carbon atom constituting the ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary, and the formula (PDI-1) In ⁇ 7), R 5 is independently —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —CF 3 , or —COOCH 3 , and b is an integer of 0 to 2.
- Tetracarboxylic dianhydrides other than the tetracarboxylic dianhydrides having the photoisomerization structure can be further used, and can be selected without limitation from known tetracarboxylic dianhydrides.
- Such tetracarboxylic dianhydrides are aromatic systems (including heteroaromatic ring systems) in which dicarboxylic dianhydrides are directly bonded to aromatic rings, and dicarboxylic dianhydrides are not directly bonded to aromatic rings. It may belong to any group of aliphatic (including heterocyclic).
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides include those represented by formulas (AN-I) to (AN-VII) from the viewpoint of easy availability of raw materials, ease of polymer polymerization, and electrical characteristics of the film.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented is mentioned.
- X is independently a single bond or —CH 2 —;
- G is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, or —C (CF 3 ) 2- ;
- Y is independently one selected from the group of trivalent groups below: Any hydrogen in these groups may be replaced by methyl, ethyl or phenyl;
- ring A is a monocyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or a condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Any hydrogen in may be replaced by methyl, ethyl or phenyl, and the bond on the ring is connected to any carbon constituting the ring, and the two bonds are connected to the same carbon May be;
- X 10 is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; Me is methyl; Ph is phenyl;
- G 10 is independently —O—, —COO— or —OCO—; and r is independently 0 or 1.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by the following formulas (AN-1) to (AN-16-14) can be mentioned.
- G 11 is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 12 carbons, 1,4-phenylene, or 1,4-cyclohexylene.
- X 11 is independently a single bond or —CH 2 —.
- G 12 is independently one of the following trivalent groups. When G 12 is CH, the hydrogen of CH may be replaced with —CH 3 . When G 12 is N, G 11 is not a single bond and —CH 2 —, and X 11 is not a single bond.
- R 11 is —H or —CH 3 .
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-1) include compounds represented by the following formula. In the formulas (AN-1-2) and (AN-1-14), m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- R 12 is independently —H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or phenyl.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-2) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- G 13 represents a single bond, -CH 2 -, - CH 2 CH 2 -, - O -, - S -, - C (CH 3) 2 -, - SO 2 -, - CO —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, or a divalent group represented by the following formula (G13-1).
- the phenylene in the formula (G13-1) is preferably 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene.
- Ring A 11 is each independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring. G 13 may be bonded to any position of ring A 11 .
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-4) include compounds represented by the following formula. In the formula (AN-4-17), m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- R 11 is —H or —CH 3 .
- R 11 whose bond position is not fixed to the carbon atom constituting the benzene ring indicates that the bond position in the benzene ring is arbitrary.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-5) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- X 11 is independently a single bond or —CH 2 —.
- n is 1 or 2.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-6) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- X 11 is a single bond or —CH 2 —.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-7) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- X 11 is a single bond or —CH 2 —.
- R 12 is —H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 , or phenyl, and ring A 12 is a cyclohexane ring or a cyclohexene ring.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-8) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- each r is independently 0 or 1.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-9) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- ring A 11 is independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-11) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- each ring A 11 is independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-12) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- X 13 is alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- Ph is phenyl.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-13) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- G 14 is independently —O—, —COO— or —OCO—, and r is independently 0 or 1.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-14) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- w is an integer of 1 to 10.
- Examples of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride represented by the formula (AN-15) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- Examples of tetracarboxylic dianhydrides other than the above include the following compounds.
- a diamine compound other than the diamine compound having the above-described photoisomerization structure can be further used, and can be selected without limitation from known diamine compounds. it can.
- Diamine compounds can be divided into two types according to their structures. That is, when a skeleton connecting two amino groups is viewed as a main chain, a group branched from the main chain, that is, a diamine having a side chain group and a diamine having no side chain group.
- This side chain group is a group having an effect of increasing the pretilt angle.
- the side chain group having such an effect needs to be a group having 3 or more carbon atoms. Specific examples include alkyl having 3 or more carbon atoms, alkoxy having 3 or more carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 3 or more carbon atoms, and A group having a steroid skeleton can be exemplified.
- a diamine having such a side chain group may be referred to as a side chain diamine.
- Such a diamine having no side chain group may be referred to as a non-side chain diamine.
- the side chain diamine is preferably used in combination so as not to impair the properties of the present invention.
- the side chain diamine and the non-side chain diamine are preferably selected and used for the purpose of improving the vertical alignment with respect to the liquid crystal, the voltage holding ratio, the image sticking property, and the alignment.
- diamines having no known side chain examples include diamines of the following formulas (DI-1) to (DI-15).
- m is an integer of 1 to 12, and any hydrogen of alkylene may be replaced with —OH.
- G 21 is independently a single bond, —NH—, —O—, —S—, —SS—, —SO 2 —.
- —CO— —CONH—, —CONCH 3 —, —NHCO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, — (CH 2 ) m ′ —, —O— (CH 2 ) m ′ —O—, —N (CH 3 ) — (CH 2 ) k —N (CH 3 ) —, or —S— (CH 2 ) m ′ —S—, wherein m ′ is independently It is an integer from 1 to 12, and k is an integer from 1 to 5.
- G 22 is independently a single bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2. -, Or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- any —H of the cyclohexane ring and the benzene ring is —F, —CH 3 , —OH, —CF 3 , —CO 2 H, —CONH 2 , or
- they may be replaced by the following formulas (DI-4-a) to (DI-4-c).
- a group in which the bonding position is not fixed to the carbon atom constituting the ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary.
- the bonding position of —NH 2 to the cyclohexane ring or benzene ring is an arbitrary position excluding the bonding position of G 21 or G 22 .
- R 20 is independently —H or —CH 3 .
- R 21 and R 22 are independently alkyl or phenyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- G 23 is independently alkylene, phenylene or alkyl-substituted phenylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- w is an integer of 1 to 10.
- R 23 is independently alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbons or —Cl
- p is independently an integer from 0 to 3
- q is It is an integer from 0 to 4.
- R 24 is —H, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbons, phenyl, or benzyl.
- G 24 represents —CH 2 — or —NH—.
- G 25 is a single bond, alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or 1,4-phenylene, and r is 0 or 1.
- a group whose bond position is not fixed to the carbon atoms constituting the ring indicates that the bond position in the ring is arbitrary.
- the bonding position of —NH 2 bonded to the benzene ring is an arbitrary position.
- G 31 is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, or — C (CF 3 ) 2 —;
- ring B is a cyclohexane ring, a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and any hydrogen of this group may be replaced with methyl, ethyl, or phenyl;
- each ring C is independently a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring, and any hydrogen of this group may be replaced by methyl, ethyl, or phenyl; and
- Y is a single bond , Alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2
- diamines represented by formulas (DI-1) to (DI-3) are shown below.
- Examples of the diamine represented by the formula (DI-4) are shown below.
- Examples of the diamine represented by the formula (DI-5) are shown below.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- v is an integer of 1 to 6.
- k is an integer of 1 to 5.
- Examples of the diamine represented by the formula (DI-7) are shown below.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12
- n is independently 1 or 2.
- Examples of the diamine represented by the formula (DI-12) are shown below.
- Examples of the diamine represented by the formula (DI-13) are shown below.
- m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- the side chain type diamine will be described.
- Examples of the side chain group of the side chain type diamine include the following groups.
- a ring assembly group having an alkoxy of several or more or an alkoxyalkyl having two or more carbons can be given.
- a group having a steroid skeleton is also effective as a side chain group.
- Examples of the diamine having a side chain include compounds represented by the following formulas (DI-16) to (DI-20).
- G 26 represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—, —CONH—, —CH 2 O—, —OCH 2 —, —CF 2 O—. , —OCF 2 —, or — (CH 2 ) m ′ —, and m ′ is an integer of 1 to 12.
- G 26 are a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH 2 O—, and alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and particularly preferred examples are a single bond, —O—, — COO -, - OCO -, - CH 2 O -, - CH 2 - and -CH 2 CH 2 -.
- R 25 is an alkyl having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, phenyl, a group having a steroid skeleton, or a group represented by the following formula (DI-16-a).
- any —H may be replaced with —F, and any —CH 2 — may be replaced with —O—, —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—.
- —H is replaced by —F, —CH 3 , —OCH 3 , —OCH 2 F, —OCHF 2, —OCF 3, alkyl having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
- —H may be replaced by alkyl having 3 to 30 carbon atoms or alkoxy having 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the bonding position of —NH 2 bonded to the benzene ring indicates an arbitrary position in the ring, but the bonding position is preferably meta or para. That is, when the bonding position of the group “R 25 —G 26 —” is the 1-position, the two bonding positions are preferably the 3-position and 5-position, or the 2-position and 5-position.
- G 27 , G 28 and G 29 are bonding groups, and these are each independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or more — CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —CH ⁇ CH—.
- Ring B 21 , Ring B 22 , Ring B 23 and Ring B 24 are independently 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5 -Diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-1,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,7-diyl or anthracene-9,10-diyl, ring B 21 , ring B 22 , ring B 23 and ring
- any —H may be replaced by —F or —CH 3
- s, t and u are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, and their sum is 1 to 5,
- the two linking groups in each parenthesis may be the same or different, and the two rings may be the same or different.
- R 26 represents —F, —OH, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, fluorine-substituted alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, —CN, —OCH 2 F, —OCHF 2 , or —OCF. And any —CH 2 — in the alkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms may be replaced by a divalent group represented by the following formula (DI-16-b).
- R 27 and R 28 are independently alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, and v is an integer of 1 to 6.
- Preferred examples of R 26 are alkyl having 1 to 30 carbons and alkoxy having 1 to 30 carbons.
- G 30 is independently a single bond, —CO— or —CH 2 —, R 29 is independently —H or —CH 3 , R 30 is —H, alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 20 carbons.
- One —H of the benzene ring in formula (DI-18) may be replaced with alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or phenyl.
- a group whose bonding position is not fixed to any carbon atom constituting the ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary.
- One of the two groups “-phenylene-G 30 —O—” in formula (DI-17) is preferably bonded to the 3-position of the steroid nucleus and the other is bonded to the 6-position of the steroid nucleus.
- the bonding position of the two groups “-phenylene-G 30 —O—” in the formula (DI-18) to the benzene ring is preferably the meta position or the para position with respect to the bonding position of the steroid nucleus, respectively.
- —NH 2 bonded to the benzene ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary.
- G 31 is independently —O— or alkylene having 1 to 6 carbons, and G 32 is a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 3 carbons.
- R 31 is —H or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and any —CH 2 — in the alkyl may be replaced by —O—, —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—.
- R 32 is alkyl having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and R 33 is —H or alkyl having 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
- Ring B 25 is 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene, and r is 0 or 1.
- —NH 2 bonded to the benzene ring indicates that the bonding position in the ring is arbitrary, but it is preferably independently of the meta position or the para position with respect to the bonding position of G 31 .
- Examples of the side chain diamine are illustrated below.
- Examples of the diamine compounds having side chains of the above formulas (DI-16) to (DI-20) include compounds represented by the following formulas (DI-16-1) to (DI-20-3). .
- R 34 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 30 carbons, preferably alkyl or carbon having 5 to 25 carbons. It is an alkoxy having a number of 5 to 25.
- R 35 is alkyl having 1 to 30 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 30 carbons, preferably alkyl having 3 to 25 carbons or alkoxy having 3 to 25 carbons.
- R 36 is alkyl having 4 to 30 carbons, and preferably alkyl having 6 to 25 carbons.
- R 37 is alkyl having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl having 8 to 25 carbon atoms.
- R 38 is alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 20 carbons, preferably alkyl or carbon having 3 to 20 carbons.
- R 39 is —H, —F, alkyl having 1 to 30 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 30 carbons, —CN, —OCH 2 F, —OCHF 2 or —OCF 3 , preferably 3 to 25 carbons. Or alkyl having 3 to 25 carbon atoms.
- G 33 is alkylene having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 40 is —H or alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons, preferably —H or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, and R 41 Is —H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons.
- R 37 is alkyl having 6 to 30 carbons
- R 41 is —H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons.
- diamine in the present invention examples include the photosensitive diamines represented by the formulas (PDI-1) to (PDI-8) and the diamines represented by the formulas (DI-1-1) to (DI-20-3). Other diamines can also be used. Examples of such diamines include diamines having a side chain structure other than those represented by formulas (DI-16-1) to (DI-20-3).
- R 42 each independently represents an alkyl group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the ratio of the monoamine to the diamine may be 40 mol% or less, and a part of the diamine may be replaced with the monoamine.
- Such replacement can cause termination of the polymerization reaction when the polyamic acid is produced, and further progress of the polymerization reaction can be suppressed.
- the molecular weight of the obtained polymer (polyamic acid or a derivative thereof) can be easily controlled by such replacement, and for example, the coating characteristics of the liquid crystal aligning agent are improved without impairing the effects of the present invention. be able to.
- one or more diamines may be substituted for the monoamine.
- Examples of the monoamine include aniline, 4-hydroxyaniline, cyclohexylamine, n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, n-octylamine, n-nonylamine, n-decylamine, n- Undecylamine, n-dodecylamine, n-tridecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n-pentadecylamine, n-hexadecylamine, n-heptadecylamine, n-octadecylamine, and n-eicosylamine Is mentioned.
- the polyamic acid or derivative thereof may further contain a monoisocyanate compound in the monomer.
- a monoisocyanate compound in the monomer By including the monoisocyanate compound in the monomer, the terminal of the resulting polyamic acid or derivative thereof is modified, and the molecular weight is adjusted.
- the coating properties of the liquid crystal aligning agent can be improved without impairing the effects of the present invention.
- the content of the monoisocyanate compound in the monomer is preferably 1 to 10 mol% based on the total amount of diamine and tetracarboxylic dianhydride in the monomer from the above viewpoint.
- the monoisocyanate compound include phenyl isocyanate and naphthyl isocyanate.
- the diamine when importance is attached to further improving the orientation of the liquid crystal, the diamine may be represented by the formulas (DI-1-3), (DI-5-1), (DI-5-5). 12), (DI-7-3), (DI-13-2), (DI-14-1) or a diamine represented by (DI-14-2) is preferred.
- the diamine when importance is attached to further improving the reactivity and photosensitivity, the diamine may be represented by the formula (DI-1-4), (DI-4-1), (DI-5 -1), (DI-5-12), (DI-5-28), (DI-5-30), (DI-9-1), (DI-13-1), (DI-13-2) ), (DI-14-1) or (DI-14-2) is preferred.
- the diamine when importance is attached to further improving the transmittance, the diamine may be represented by the formula (DI-1-3), (DI-1-4), (DI-13-1)
- a diamine represented by ((DI-13-2), (DI-14-1) or (DI-14-2)) is preferred.
- the diamine when emphasis is placed on further improving the electrical characteristics, the diamine may be represented by the formula (DI-4-1), (DI-5-5), (DI-5-9) , (DI-5-21), (DI-5-28), (DI-5-30), (DI-5-31), (DI-9-1), (DI-14-1), or A diamine represented by (DI-14-2) is preferred.
- the polyamic acid used for the liquid crystal aligning agent for manufacturing the alignment film used by this invention is obtained by making an acid dianhydride and a diamine component react in a solvent. In this synthesis reaction, no special conditions other than the selection of the raw materials are required, and the conditions for normal polyamic acid synthesis can be applied as they are.
- the solvent to be used will be described later.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent may be a so-called blend type, and may further contain a polyamic acid or a derivative thereof, or may further contain other components other than the polyamic acid or a derivative thereof.
- the other component may be one type or two or more types.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent is an acrylic acid polymer, an acrylate polymer, and a tetracarboxylic acid diester within a range in which the effects of the present invention are not impaired (preferably within 20% by weight of the polyamic acid or a derivative thereof). It may further contain other polymer components such as polyamideimide, which is a reaction product of an anhydride, dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof and diamine.
- the polyamic acid or a derivative thereof can be produced in the same manner as a known polyamic acid or a derivative thereof used for forming a polyimide film.
- the total amount of tetracarboxylic dianhydride is preferably approximately equimolar to the total number of moles of diamine (molar ratio of about 0.9 to 1.1).
- the molecular weight of the polyamic acid or derivative thereof is preferably 10,000 to 500,000, and more preferably 20,000 to 200,000 in terms of polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw).
- Mw polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight
- the molecular weight of the polyamic acid or derivative thereof can be determined from measurement by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the presence of the polyamic acid or derivative thereof can be confirmed by analyzing the solid content obtained by precipitation with a large amount of poor solvent by IR or NMR.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention may further contain an alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compound for the purpose of stabilizing the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal display element over a long period of time.
- An alkenyl substituted nadiimide compound may be used by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the content of the alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compound is preferably 1 to 100% by weight, more preferably 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably 1 to 50% by weight with respect to the polyamic acid or derivative thereof for the above purpose. More preferably.
- the alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compound is preferably a compound that can be dissolved in a solvent that dissolves the polyamic acid or derivative thereof used in the present invention.
- alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compounds include compounds represented by the following formula (NA).
- L 1 and L 2 are independently —H, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 3 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 5 to 8 carbons, aryl or benzyl, n Is 1 or 2.
- W is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 5 to 8 carbons, aryl having 6 to 12 carbons, benzyl,- Z 1- (O) r- (Z 2 O) k -Z 3 -H (where Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 are each independently alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and r is 0 or 1 And k is an integer of 1 to 30.), a group represented by — (Z 4 ) r —BZ 5 —H (wherein Z 4 and Z 5 are independently a carbon number) 1 to 4 alkylene or cycloalkylene having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, B is phenylene, and r is 0 or 1.
- T is —CH 2 —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —O—, —CO—, — S— or —SO 2 —), or a group in which 1 to 3 —H of these groups are substituted with —OH.
- bis ⁇ 4- (allylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide) phenyl ⁇ methane represented by the following formula (NA-1) N, N′-m-xylylene-bis (allylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide) represented by the formula (NA-2), and the formula (NA -3), N, N′-hexamethylene-bis (allylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide).
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention may further contain a compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond for the purpose of stabilizing the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal display element for a long period of time.
- the compound having a radically polymerizable unsaturated double bond may be one kind of compound or two or more kinds of compounds.
- the compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond does not include an alkenyl-substituted nadiimide compound.
- the content of the compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond is preferably 1 to 100% by weight, more preferably 1 to 70% by weight, based on the polyamic acid or its derivative. Preferably, it is 1 to 50% by weight.
- the compound having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond will be specifically described below.
- Examples of the compound having a radically polymerizable unsaturated double bond include (meth) acrylic acid esters, (meth) acrylic acid derivatives such as (meth) acrylic acid amide, and bismaleimide.
- the compound having a radically polymerizable unsaturated double bond is more preferably a (meth) acrylic acid derivative having two or more radically polymerizable unsaturated double bonds.
- Preferred (meth) acrylic acid derivatives include N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide, N, N′-dihydroxyethylene-bisacrylamide, ethylenebisacrylate, and 4,4′-methylenebis (N, N-dihydroxyethyleneacrylate aniline).
- Examples of the bismaleimide include BMI-70 and BMI-80 manufactured by Kay Kasei Co., Ltd., and BMI-1000, BMI-3000, BMI-4000, BMI-5000 and BMI- manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. 7000.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention may further contain the oxazine compound from the objective of stabilizing the electrical property in a liquid crystal display element for a long period of time.
- the oxazine compound may be a kind of compound or two or more kinds of compounds.
- the content of the oxazine compound is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 1 to 20% by weight with respect to the polyamic acid or derivative thereof. More preferably.
- the oxazine compound will be specifically described below.
- the oxazine compound is soluble in a solvent for dissolving the polyamic acid or its derivative, and in addition, an oxazine compound having ring-opening polymerizability is preferable.
- the number of oxazine structures in the oxazine compound is not particularly limited.
- the structure of oxazine is not particularly limited, but examples of the oxazine structure in the oxazine compound include an oxazine structure having an aromatic group containing a condensed polycyclic aromatic group such as benzoxazine and naphthoxazine.
- Examples of the oxazine compound include compounds represented by the following formulas (OX-1) to (OX-6).
- the bond displayed toward the center of the ring indicates that it is bonded to any carbon that forms the ring and can be bonded to a substituent.
- L 3 and L 4 are organic groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Q 1 is a single bond, —O—, —S —, —SS—, —SO 2 —, —CO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, — (CH 2 ) v — , —O— (CH 2 ) v —O—, —S— (CH 2 ) v —S—, where v is an integer of 1 to 6, and is represented by formula (OX-5) and formula (OX— 6), Q 2 is independently a single bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 — or al
- the oxazine compound includes an oligomer or polymer having an oxazine structure in the side chain, and an oligomer or polymer having an oxazine structure in the main chain.
- oxazine compounds of the formulas (OX-1) to (OX-6) more preferred specific examples are those represented by the formulas (OX-2-1), (OX-3-1), (OX-3-3) , (OX-3-5), (OX-3-7), (OX-3-9), (OX-4-1) to (OX-4-6), (OX-5-3), ( OX-5-4), and oxazine compounds represented by (OX-6-2) to (OX-6-4).
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention may further contain the oxazoline compound from the objective of stabilizing the electrical property in a liquid crystal display element for a long period of time.
- An oxazoline compound is a compound having an oxazoline structure.
- the oxazoline compound may be a single compound or two or more compounds.
- the content of the oxazoline compound is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 1 to 20% by weight with respect to the polyamic acid or derivative thereof. It is preferable that Alternatively, the content of the oxazoline compound is preferably 0.1 to 40% by weight based on the polyamic acid or its derivative when the oxazoline structure in the oxazoline compound is converted to oxazoline.
- the oxazoline compound will be specifically described below.
- the oxazoline compound may have only one type of oxazoline structure in one compound, or may have two or more types. Moreover, the oxazoline compound should just have one oxazoline structure in one compound, but it is preferable to have 2 or more.
- the oxazoline compound may be a polymer having an oxazoline ring structure in the side chain, or may be a copolymer.
- the polymer having an oxazoline structure in the side chain may be a homopolymer of a monomer having an oxazoline structure in the side chain, or a copolymer of a monomer having an oxazoline structure in the side chain and a monomer having no oxazoline structure It may be.
- the copolymer having an oxazoline structure in the side chain may be a copolymer of two or more monomers having an oxazoline structure in the side chain, or two or more monomers having an oxazoline structure in the side chain and an oxazoline structure. It may also be a copolymer with a monomer that does not have.
- the oxazoline structure is preferably a structure present in the oxazoline compound so that one or both of oxygen and nitrogen in the oxazoline structure can react with the carbonyl group of the polyamic acid.
- oxazoline compound examples include 2,2′-bis (2-oxazoline), 1,2,4-tris- (2-oxazolinyl-2) -benzene, 4-furan-2-ylmethylene-2-phenyl-4H— Oxazol-5-one, 1,4-bis (4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl) benzene, 1,3-bis (4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl) benzene, 2,3-bis (4- Isopropenyl-2-oxazolin-2-yl) butane, 2,2′-bis-4-benzyl-2-oxazoline, 2,6-bis (isopropyl-2-oxazolin-2-yl) pyridine, 2,2 ′ -Isopropylidenebis (4-tert-butyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-isopropylidenebis (4-phenyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-methylenebi (4-tert
- polymers and oligomers having oxazolyl such as Epocross (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) are also included.
- Epocross trade name, manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- 1,3-bis (4,5-dihydro-2-oxazolyl) benzene is more preferable.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention may further contain an epoxy compound for the purpose of stabilizing the electrical characteristics of the liquid crystal display element for a long period of time.
- the epoxy compound may be a kind of compound or two or more kinds of compounds.
- the content of the epoxy compound is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably 1 to 20% by weight with respect to the polyamic acid or derivative thereof for the above purpose. More preferably.
- the epoxy compound will be specifically described below.
- the epoxy compound include a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, an alicyclic epoxy resin, a polymer of a monomer having an oxirane, a copolymer of a monomer having an oxirane and another monomer, the following structural formula Examples thereof include compounds represented by (E1) to (E3) and (E5), and compounds represented by the following general formula (E4).
- n represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- examples of the epoxy resin include trade names “Epicoat 807”, “Epicoat 815”, “Epicoat 825”, and “Epicoat 827”.
- Examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (E1) include trade name “Araldite CY184” (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.).
- Examples of the compound represented by the structural formula (E2) include trade names “Celoxide 2021P” and “EHPE-3150” (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- Araldite CY184 (manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Japan), trade name” Celoxide 2021P “(manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries), a compound represented by structural formula (E2), compound represented by structural formula (E3) "Techmore VG3101L” (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) and the compound "4,4'-methylenebis (N, N-diglycidylaniline)” represented by the structural formula (E5) (Sigma-Aldrich) From the viewpoint of improving the transparency and flatness of the alignment layer.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent may further contain various additives.
- the various additives include high molecular compounds other than polyamic acid and its derivatives, and low molecular compounds, which can be selected and used according to their respective purposes.
- the polymer compound includes a polymer compound that is soluble in an organic solvent. It is preferable to add such a polymer compound to the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention from the viewpoint of controlling the electrical characteristics and orientation of the liquid crystal alignment film to be formed.
- the polymer compound include polyamide, polyurethane, polyurea, polyester, polyepoxide, polyester polyol, silicone-modified polyurethane, and silicone-modified polyester.
- Examples of the low molecular weight compound include 1) a surfactant in accordance with the purpose when improvement in coatability is desired, 2) an antistatic agent when improvement in antistatic is required, and 3) adhesion to the substrate.
- a silane coupling agent or a titanium-based coupling agent In the case where it is desired to improve the properties, a silane coupling agent or a titanium-based coupling agent, and 4) an imidization catalyst in the case where imidization proceeds at a low temperature can be mentioned.
- silane coupling agents include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyltri Methoxysilane, paraaminophenyltrimethoxysilane, paraaminophenyltriethoxysilane, metaaminophenyltrimethoxysilane, metaaminophenyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxy Propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane,
- imidization catalyst examples include aliphatic amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, and tributylamine; aromatic amines such as N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-diethylaniline, methyl-substituted aniline, and hydroxy-substituted aniline.
- cyclic amines such as pyridine, methyl-substituted pyridine, hydroxy-substituted pyridine, quinoline, methyl-substituted quinoline, hydroxy-substituted quinoline, isoquinoline, methyl-substituted isoquinoline, hydroxy-substituted isoquinoline, imidazole, methyl-substituted imidazole, and hydroxy-substituted imidazole.
- the imidation catalyst is one or more selected from N, N-dimethylaniline, o-, m-, p-hydroxyaniline, o-, m-, p-hydroxypyridine, and isoquinoline. Is preferred.
- the addition amount of the silane coupling agent is usually 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyamic acid or its derivative.
- the amount of imidation catalyst added is usually 0.01 to 5 equivalents, preferably 0.05 to 3 equivalents, relative to the carbonyl group of the polyamic acid or derivative thereof.
- the amount of other additives to be added varies depending on the application, but is usually 0 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyamic acid or derivative thereof.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent may further contain a solvent from the viewpoint of the application property of the liquid crystal aligning agent and the adjustment of the concentration of the polyamic acid or its derivative.
- the solvent can be applied without any particular limitation as long as it has a capability of dissolving the polymer component.
- the said solvent contains the solvent normally used in the manufacturing process and use surface of polymer components, such as a polyamic acid and a soluble polyimide, and can be suitably selected according to the intended purpose.
- the solvent may be one type or a mixed solvent of two or more types.
- the solvent examples include a parent solvent for the polyamic acid or a derivative thereof, and other solvents for the purpose of improving coatability.
- aprotic polar organic solvent that is a parent solvent for polyamic acid or its derivatives
- examples of the aprotic polar organic solvent that is a parent solvent for polyamic acid or its derivatives include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylimidazolidinone, N-methylcaprolactam, N-methylpropionamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide Lactones such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, diethylacetamide, and ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- solvents for improving coating properties include alkyl lactate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, tetralin, isophorone, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, etc.
- Diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether Diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, ethylene glycol monoalkyl or phenyl acetate, triethylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dialkyl malonate such as diethyl malonate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl Dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ethers and esters such as these acetates Compounds, and the like.
- the solvents are N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylimidazolidinone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and dipropylene glycol.
- Monomethyl ether is particularly preferred.
- the solid content concentration in the alignment agent is not particularly limited, and an optimal value may be selected according to the following various coating methods.
- the amount is preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 1 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the varnish in order to suppress unevenness and pinholes during coating.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention is a film
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can be obtained by an ordinary method for producing a liquid crystal alignment film from a liquid crystal aligning agent.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can be obtained through a step of forming a coating film of the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention, a step of drying by heating, and a step of baking by heating.
- a coating film can be formed by apply
- the substrate include a glass substrate on which an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) electrode, an IZO (In 2 O 3 —ZnO) electrode, an IGZO (In—Ga—ZnO 4 ) electrode, a color filter, or the like may be provided. .
- a spinner method As a method for applying a liquid crystal aligning agent to a substrate, a spinner method, a printing method, a dipping method, a dropping method, an ink jet method and the like are generally known. These methods are similarly applicable in the present invention.
- the heat drying step a method of heat treatment in an oven or an infrared furnace, a method of heat treatment on a hot plate, and the like are generally known.
- the heat drying step is preferably performed at a temperature within a range where the solvent can be evaporated, and more preferably at a temperature relatively lower than the temperature in the heat baking step.
- the heat drying temperature is preferably in the range of 30 ° C. to 150 ° C., and more preferably in the range of 50 ° C. to 120 ° C.
- the heating and baking step can be performed under conditions necessary for the polyamic acid or its derivative to exhibit a dehydration / ring-closure reaction.
- a method of heat treatment in an oven or an infrared furnace, a method of heat treatment on a hot plate, and the like are generally known. These methods are equally applicable in the present invention. In general, it is preferably performed at a temperature of about 100 to 300 ° C. for 1 minute to 3 hours, more preferably 120 to 280 ° C., and still more preferably 150 to 250 ° C.
- the method for forming the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention by the photo-alignment method will be described in detail.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention using the photo-alignment method gives the film anisotropy by irradiating with linearly polarized light or non-polarized light after the coating film is heated and dried, and the film is heated and fired. Can be formed. Or it can form by irradiating the linearly polarized light or non-polarized light of a radiation, after heat-drying a coating film and heat-baking. From the viewpoint of orientation, the radiation irradiation step is preferably performed before the heating and baking step.
- a linearly polarized light or non-polarized light can be irradiated while heating a coating film. Irradiation may be performed in a step of heating and drying the coating film or a step of heating and baking, or may be performed between the heating and drying step and the heating and baking step.
- the heating and drying temperature in this step is preferably in the range of 30 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably in the range of 50 ° C. to 120 ° C.
- the heating and baking temperature in this step is preferably in the range of 30 ° C. to 300 ° C., more preferably in the range of 50 ° C. to 250 ° C.
- ultraviolet rays including light having a wavelength of 150 to 800 nm or visible light can be used, but ultraviolet rays including light having a wavelength of 300 to 400 nm are preferable.
- linearly polarized light or non-polarized light can be used. These lights are not particularly limited as long as they can impart a liquid crystal alignment ability to the coating film, but linearly polarized light is preferable when it is desired to develop a strong alignment regulating force for liquid crystals.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can exhibit high liquid crystal alignment ability even with low energy light irradiation.
- the irradiation amount of linearly polarized light in the radiation irradiation step is preferably 0.05 to 20 J / cm 2, and more preferably 0.5 to 10 J / cm 2.
- the wavelength of linearly polarized light is preferably 200 to 400 nm, and more preferably 300 to 400 nm.
- the irradiation angle with respect to the film surface of linearly polarized light is not particularly limited, it is preferable from the viewpoint of shortening the alignment processing time that it is as perpendicular as possible to the film surface in order to develop a strong alignment regulating force for the liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can align liquid crystal in a direction perpendicular to the polarization direction of linearly polarized light by irradiating linearly polarized light.
- the light applied to the film may be linearly polarized light or non-polarized light as described above.
- the amount of light irradiated to the film is preferably 0.05 to 20 J / cm 2, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 J / cm 2, and its wavelength is 250 to 400 nm. It is preferable that the thickness is 300 to 380 nm.
- the irradiation angle of the light applied to the film with respect to the film surface is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 to 60 degrees from the viewpoint of shortening the alignment processing time.
- the light source used in the process of irradiating linearly polarized light or non-polarized light is ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, high pressure mercury lamp, low pressure mercury lamp, deep UV lamp, halogen lamp, metal halide lamp, high power metal halide lamp, xenon lamp, mercury.
- a xenon lamp, an excimer lamp, a KrF excimer laser, a fluorescent lamp, an LED lamp, a sodium lamp, a microwave excitation electrodeless lamp, and the like can be used without limitation.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can be suitably obtained by a method that further includes steps other than the steps described above.
- the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention does not require a process of cleaning the film after baking or radiation irradiation with a cleaning liquid, but a cleaning process can be provided for convenience of other processes.
- the cleaning liquid is pure water, various alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, halogen solvents such as methylene chloride, and ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. Although it can be used, it is not limited to these. Of course, these cleaning liquids are sufficiently purified and have few impurities. Such a cleaning method can also be applied to the cleaning step in the formation of the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention.
- annealing treatment with heat or light can be used before or after the heating and baking step, before or after the rubbing step, or before or after irradiation with polarized or non-polarized radiation.
- the annealing temperature is 30 to 180 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C.
- the time is preferably 1 minute to 2 hours.
- the annealing light used for the annealing treatment include a UV lamp, a fluorescent lamp, and an LED lamp.
- the amount of light irradiation is preferably 0.3 to 10 J / cm 2.
- the thickness of the liquid crystal alignment film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 300 nm, and more preferably 30 to 150 nm.
- the film thickness of the liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention can be measured by a known film thickness measuring device such as a step meter or an ellipsometer.
- the alignment film has a particularly large orientation anisotropy.
- the magnitude of such anisotropy can be evaluated by a method using polarized IR described in JP-A-2005-275364. Further, as shown in the following examples, evaluation can also be made by a method using ellipsometry.
- a material having a larger film anisotropy is considered to have a large alignment regulating force for the liquid crystal composition.
- the liquid crystal layer used in the device of the present invention will be described.
- the liquid crystal layer used in the device of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy.
- the liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy contains at least one liquid crystal compound selected from the group of liquid crystal compounds represented by the following formula (1) as a first component.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon number 2 in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Ring A and Ring B are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,4- Phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-3-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-6-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthalenediyl, or 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl, wherein at least one of ring A and ring B Is 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-3-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-6-methyl-1,4-phenylene, or 7,8-difluorochroman be a 2,6
- liquid crystal compound of the above formula (1) include compounds represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-32).
- R 1 and R 2 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbon number 2 in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. ⁇ 12 alkenyl.
- Desirable R 1 or R 2 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the stability to ultraviolet light or heat, or alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the absolute value of dielectric anisotropy.
- Preferred alkyl is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, or octyl. More desirable alkyl is ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or heptyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkoxy is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, or heptyloxy. More desirable alkoxy is methoxy or ethoxy for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, or 5-hexenyl. More desirable alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 3-butenyl, or 3-pentenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- the preferred configuration of —CH ⁇ CH— in these alkenyls depends on the position of the double bond.
- Trans is preferable in alkenyl such as 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-pentenyl and 3-hexenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Cis is preferred for alkenyl such as 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, and 2-hexenyl.
- linear alkenyl is preferable to branching.
- alkenyl in which any hydrogen is replaced by fluorine include 2,2-difluorovinyl, 3,3-difluoro-2-propenyl, 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl, 5,5-difluoro-4- Pentenyl and 6,6-difluoro-5-hexenyl. Further preferred examples are 2,2-difluorovinyl and 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Ring A and Ring B are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1 , 4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-3-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-6 -Methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthalenediyl, 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl, wherein at least one of ring A and ring B is 2,3-difluoro- 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-3-chloro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-6-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-d
- Preferred ring A and ring B are each 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl for increasing the dielectric anisotropy, and 1,4-dimethyl for decreasing the viscosity. Cyclohexylene.
- Ring A 1 , Ring A 2 , Ring A 3 , Ring B 1 , and Ring B 2 are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene. Desirable ring A 1 , ring A 2 , ring A 3 , ring B 1 , and ring B 2 are each 1,4-cyclohexylene for decreasing the viscosity.
- Z 1 is independently a single bond, — (CH 2 ) 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —CF 2 O—, and when j is 2 or 3, any two Z 1 may be the same or different, and preferred Z 1 is —CH 2 O— for increasing the dielectric anisotropy, and a single bond for decreasing the viscosity.
- Z 11 and Z 12 are each independently a single bond, — (CH 2 ) 2 —, —CH 2 O—, or —COO—. Desirable Z 11 and Z 12 are —CH 2 O— for increasing the dielectric anisotropy, and a single bond for decreasing the viscosity.
- j is 1, 2, or 3.
- Preferred j is 1 for decreasing the minimum temperature, and 2 for increasing the maximum temperature.
- the compound (1) in which the liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably used as the first component is the compound (1-1), (1-4), (1-7) or (1-32) It is.
- liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy are disclosed in JP-A-57-114532, JP-A-2-4725, JP-A-4-222485, and JP-A-8-40953.
- the liquid crystal composition used in the device of the present invention may further contain an additive from the viewpoint of improving the orientation.
- additives are photopolymerizable monomers, optically active compounds, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antifoaming agents, polymerization initiators, polymerization inhibitors, and the like.
- the most preferred structures of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer for the purpose of improving the orientation of the liquid crystal include the structures (3-1) to (3-6).
- the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer is desirably 0.01% by weight or more in order to exhibit the effect of determining the tilt direction of the liquid crystal after polymerization. Further, in order to make the orientation effect of the polymer after polymerization appropriate, or in order to avoid the unreacted monomer or oligomer from eluting into the liquid crystal after ultraviolet irradiation, the content is preferably 30% by weight or less.
- An optically active compound is mixed with the composition for the purpose of inducing a helical structure of the liquid crystal to give a twist angle.
- examples of such a compound are the compound (4-1) to the compound (4-4).
- a desirable ratio of the optically active compound is 5% by weight or less.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of 0.01% to 2% by weight.
- an antioxidant is added to the liquid crystal composition. Mixed.
- a preferred example of the antioxidant is a compound (5) wherein w is an integer of 1 to 9.
- preferred w is 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Further preferred w is 1 or 7. Since the compound (5) in which w is 1 has high volatility, it is effective in preventing a decrease in specific resistance due to heating in the atmosphere. Since the compound (5) in which w is 7 has low volatility, it is effective for maintaining a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature but also at a high temperature after the device has been used for a long time.
- a desirable ratio of the antioxidant is 50 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and 600 ppm so as not to lower the maximum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition or to increase the minimum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition. It is as follows. A more desirable ratio is in the range of 100 ppm to 300 ppm.
- the ultraviolet absorber examples include benzophenone derivatives, benzoate derivatives, triazole derivatives and the like. Also preferred are light stabilizers such as sterically hindered amines.
- a desirable ratio of these absorbers and stabilizers is 50 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and does not lower the maximum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition or increases the minimum temperature of the nematic phase of the liquid crystal composition. It is 10000 ppm or less so that there is no. A more desirable ratio is in the range of 100 ppm to 10,000 ppm.
- a dichroic dye such as an azo dye or an anthraquinone dye is mixed with the composition so as to be adapted to a GH (Guest host) mode element.
- a preferred ratio of the dye is in the range of 0.01% by weight to 10% by weight.
- an antifoaming agent such as dimethyl silicone oil or methylphenyl silicone oil is mixed with the composition.
- a desirable ratio of the antifoaming agent is 1 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and 1000 ppm or less for preventing a poor display.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of 1 ppm to 500 ppm.
- a polymerizable compound is mixed with the composition in order to be compatible with a PSA (polymer-sustained alignment) mode device.
- Preferred examples of the polymerizable compound are compounds having a polymerizable group such as acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl compound, vinyloxy compound, propenyl ether, epoxy compound (oxirane, oxetane), vinyl ketone and the like. Particularly preferred examples are acrylate or methacrylate derivatives. Examples of such a compound are the compound (7-1) to the compound (7-9).
- a desirable ratio of the polymerizable compound is approximately 0.05% by weight or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 10% by weight or less for preventing a display defect. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 0.1% by weight to approximately 2% by weight.
- R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , and R 20 are independently acryloyl or methacryloyl, and R 21 and R 22 are independently hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons.
- R 6 , Z 7 , Z 8 , and Z 9 are each independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one —CH 2 — is replaced by —O— or —CH ⁇ CH—.
- t, u, and v are 0, 1, or 2.
- a polymerization initiator is mixed as a substance necessary for easily generating radicals or ions and initiating a chain polymerization reaction.
- Irgacure 651 registered trademark
- Irgacure 184 registered trademark
- Darocure 1173 registered trademark
- the polymerizable compound preferably contains a photopolymerization initiator in the range of 0.1% to 5% by weight.
- the photopolymerization initiator is contained in the range of 1% by weight to 3% by weight.
- a polymerization inhibitor is mixed for the purpose of stopping the polymerization reaction by quickly reacting with a radical generated from a polymerization initiator or monomer to change to a stable radical or neutral compound.
- Polymerization inhibitors are classified into several structures. One is a radical that is itself stable, such as tri-p-nitrophenylmethyl, di-p-fluorophenylamine, and the other is a stable radical that reacts easily with radicals present in the polymerization system. Typical examples include nitro, nitriso, amino, and polyhydroxy compounds. Representative examples of the latter include hydroquinone and dimethoxybenzene.
- a desirable ratio of the polymerization inhibitor is 5 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and 1000 ppm or less for preventing a poor display. A more desirable ratio is in the range of 5 ppm to 500 ppm.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention includes a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other, an electrode group formed on one or both of the opposed surfaces of each of the pair of substrates, and a plurality of electrodes connected to the electrode group Active elements, a liquid crystal alignment film formed on opposing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the pair of substrates.
- the alignment layer and liquid crystal layer of the present invention described above are used for the alignment layer and liquid crystal layer, respectively.
- the substrate the glass substrate described above in the alignment layer of the present invention can be used, and the electrode is not particularly limited as long as it is an electrode formed on one surface of the substrate.
- the electrode may be formed on the entire surface of one surface of the substrate, or may be formed in a desired shape that is patterned, for example. Examples of the desired shape of the electrode include a comb shape or a zigzag structure.
- the electrode may be formed on one of the pair of substrates, or may be formed on both substrates. The form of electrode formation differs depending on the type of liquid crystal display element.
- the electrode is disposed on one of the pair of substrates, and in the case of other liquid crystal display elements Are arranged on both of the pair of substrates.
- the liquid crystal alignment film is formed on the substrate or electrode.
- the liquid crystal layer is formed of a liquid crystal composition that is sealed in a gap between a pair of substrates facing each other such that a surface on which an alignment layer of one of the pair of substrates is formed faces the other substrate.
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is formed between the substrates by forming the alignment layer of the present invention on at least one of the pair of substrates, with the obtained pair of substrates facing the alignment layer inward via a spacer. It is obtained by enclosing a liquid crystal composition in the gaps to form a liquid crystal layer.
- the production of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention may include additional steps such as attaching a polarizing film to the substrate as necessary.
- the liquid crystal layer is formed in such a manner that the liquid crystal composition is sandwiched between the pair of substrates facing each other on which the liquid crystal alignment film is formed.
- a spacer such as fine particles or a resin sheet that is interposed between the pair of substrates to form an appropriate interval can be used as necessary.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyamic acid was measured by GPC method using a 2695 separation module / 2414 differential refractometer (manufactured by Waters) and calculated by polystyrene conversion.
- the column was HSPgel RT MB-M (manufactured by Waters), and the measurement was performed under the conditions of a column temperature of 50 ° C. and a flow rate of 0.40 mL / min using the mixed solution as a developing agent.
- As the standard polystyrene TSK standard polystyrene manufactured by Tosoh Corporation was used.
- AC afterimage (brightness change rate)> A luminance-voltage characteristic (BV characteristic) of a liquid crystal display element described later was measured. This is the luminance-voltage characteristic before stress application: B (before). Next, an alternating current of 4.5 V and 60 Hz was applied to the device for 20 minutes, and then shorted for 1 second, and the luminance-voltage characteristics (BV characteristics) were measured again. This is the luminance-voltage characteristic after application of stress: B (after). Based on these values, the luminance change rate ⁇ B (%) ⁇ B (%) [B (after) ⁇ B (before)] / B (before) (Formula 1) Estimated using the following formula. These measurements were performed with reference to International Publication No. 2000/43833 pamphlet. It can be said that the smaller the value of ⁇ B (%) at a voltage of 0.75 V, the more the occurrence of AC afterimage can be prevented.
- Alignment stability (liquid crystal alignment axis stability)> The rate of change of the liquid crystal alignment axis on the electrode side of the liquid crystal display element described later was determined.
- the liquid crystal orientation angle ⁇ (before) on the electrode side before stress application was measured, and then a rectangular wave 4.5 V, 60 Hz was applied to the element for 20 minutes, then shorted for 1 second, and again after 1 second and 5 minutes.
- Solvents, additives, and liquid crystal compositions used in the examples are as follows. ⁇ Solvent> N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone: NMP Butyl cellosolve (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether): BC ⁇ Additives> Additive (Ad1): Bis [4- (allylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximido) phenyl] methane Additive (Ad2): N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane additive (Ad3): 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane additive (Ad4): 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane
- Negative liquid crystal composition A A:
- Negative liquid crystal composition B is a negative liquid crystal composition
- [A] component and [B] component A polyamic acid solution (PA26) having a polymer solid content concentration of 6% by weight in accordance with PA25 except that the type of polyamic acid and the mixing ratio of [A] / [B] were changed. (PA43) was prepared. Table 3 summarizes the types of [A] and [B] polyamic acids and the [A] / [B] mixing ratio including PA25.
- the additive (Ad1) was added to the polyamic acid solution (PA3) having a polymer solid content concentration of 6 wt% prepared in Synthesis Example 3 at a ratio of 5 wt% per polymer weight.
- PA3 polyamic acid solution having a polymer solid content concentration of 6 wt% prepared in Synthesis Example 3 at a ratio of 5 wt% per polymer weight.
- additives (Ad2) to (Ad4) were added to the polyamic acid solution in the proportions shown in the table to prepare polyamic acid solutions (PA45) to (PA48).
- the rotation speed of the spinner was adjusted according to the viscosity of the liquid crystal aligning agent so that the alignment film had the following film thickness.
- the polyamic acid solution coating film After the polyamic acid solution coating film, it was heated and dried at 70 ° C. for 80 seconds on a hot plate (manufactured by AS ONE, EC hot plate (EC-1200N)).
- a hot plate manufactured by AS ONE, EC hot plate (EC-1200N)
- the substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet linearly polarized light from the vertical direction through the polarizing plate.
- the exposure energy at this time is 2.0 ⁇ 0.1 J / cm 2 at a wavelength of 365 nm by measuring the amount of light using a UV integrated light meter UIT-150 (receiver UVD-S365) manufactured by USHIO INC. The exposure time was adjusted. Subsequently, heat treatment was performed at 230 ° C. for 15 minutes in a clean oven (manufactured by ESPEC CORP., Clean oven (PVHC-231)) to form an alignment film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ 10 nm.
- a clean oven manufactured by ESPEC CORP., Clean oven (PVHC-231)
- Two substrates having alignment films formed on the substrates are opposed to each other so that the surfaces on which the alignment films are formed are opposed to each other so that the polarization directions of ultraviolet rays irradiated to the respective alignment films are parallel to each other.
- a gap for injecting the liquid crystal composition was formed therebetween and bonded together to assemble an empty FFS cell having a cell thickness of 4 ⁇ m.
- the injection port for injecting the liquid crystal into the empty FFS cell was provided at a position where the liquid crystal flow direction at the time of injection was substantially parallel to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet rays applied to the alignment film.
- the negative liquid crystal composition A was vacuum-injected into the produced empty FFS cell to produce a liquid crystal display element.
- pretilt angle was measured by the method described above using the FFS liquid crystal display device produced above, it was 0.0 °. Moreover, fluid orientation was not confirmed and orientation was good.
- a liquid crystal aligning agent was obtained.
- the FFS liquid crystal display element was produced by the method according to Example 1, and the negative liquid crystal composition was inject
- the substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet linearly polarized light from the vertical direction through the polarizing plate.
- the exposure energy at this time is 2.0 ⁇ 0.1 J / cm 2 at a wavelength of 254 nm by measuring the amount of light using a UV integrated light meter UIT-150 (receiver UVD-S254) manufactured by USHIO INC. The exposure time was adjusted.
- the FFS liquid crystal display element was produced by the method according to Example 1, and the positive liquid crystal composition and the negative liquid crystal composition A were injected, respectively.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent was applied to a glass substrate by a spinner (Mikasa Co., Ltd., spin coater (1H-DX2)). After applying the polyamic acid solution, it was dried by heating on a hot plate (EC Hot Plate (EC-1200N) manufactured by As One Co., Ltd.) at 70 ° C. for 80 seconds, and Multilite ML-501C / B manufactured by USHIO INC. Was used.
- the substrate was irradiated with linearly polarized ultraviolet light from a vertical direction through a polarizing plate.
- the exposure energy at this time is 0.7 ⁇ 0.1 J / cm 2 at a wavelength of 365 nm when the light intensity is measured using a UV integrated light meter UIT-150 (receiver UVD-S365) manufactured by USHIO INC.
- the exposure time was adjusted.
- the temperature of the substrate was heated to 50 ° C.
- the irradiation of ultraviolet rays was performed in air at room temperature by covering the entire apparatus with an ultraviolet ray preventing film.
- the film was heat-treated at 230 ° C. for 15 minutes in a clean oven (manufactured by ESPEC Corporation, clean oven (PVHC-231)) to form an alignment film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ 10 nm.
- Two substrates having alignment films formed on the substrates are opposed to each other so that the surfaces on which the alignment films are formed are opposed to each other so that the polarization directions of ultraviolet rays irradiated to the respective alignment films are parallel to each other.
- a gap for injecting the liquid crystal composition was formed therebetween and bonded together to assemble an empty FFS cell having a cell thickness of 4 ⁇ m.
- the injection port for injecting the liquid crystal into the empty FFS cell was provided at a position where the liquid crystal flow direction at the time of injection was substantially parallel to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet rays applied to the alignment film.
- the negative liquid crystal composition B was vacuum-injected into the produced empty FFS cell to produce a liquid crystal display element.
- An alignment agent was used.
- a liquid crystal display device was produced by the method according to Example 22 using the obtained liquid crystal aligning agent. The results of the pretilt angle, luminance change rate ⁇ B (%), and liquid crystal alignment axis stability ⁇ (deg.) Of the obtained FFS liquid crystal display element are summarized in Table 5 together with the results of Example 22.
- the liquid crystal aligning agent was applied to a glass substrate by a spinner (Mikasa Co., Ltd., spin coater (1H-DX2)). After applying the polyamic acid solution, it was dried by heating on a hot plate (As One Co., EC Hot Plate (EC-1200N)) at 70 ° C. for 80 seconds, and a UV lamp (UVL-1500M2-N1) manufactured by Ushio Electric Co., Ltd.
- Two substrates having alignment films formed on the substrates are opposed to each other so that the surfaces on which the alignment films are formed are opposed to each other so that the polarization directions of ultraviolet rays irradiated to the respective alignment films are parallel to each other.
- a gap for injecting the liquid crystal composition was formed therebetween and bonded together to assemble an empty FFS cell having a cell thickness of 4 ⁇ m.
- the injection port for injecting the liquid crystal into the empty FFS cell was provided at a position where the liquid crystal flow direction at the time of injection was substantially parallel to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet rays applied to the alignment film.
- the negative liquid crystal composition B was vacuum-injected into the produced empty FFS cell to produce a liquid crystal display element.
- pretilt angle was measured by the method described above using the FFS liquid crystal display device produced above, it was 0.0 °. Moreover, fluid orientation was not confirmed and orientation was good.
- a liquid crystal display element was produced by the method according to Example 26 using the obtained liquid crystal aligning agent. The results are shown in Table 5 together with the results of Example 26.
- a liquid crystal aligning agent was applied to each of a glass substrate with a column spacer and a glass substrate with an ITO electrode by a spinner (Mikasa Co., Ltd., spin coater (1H-DX2)).
- the rotation speed of the spinner was adjusted according to the viscosity of the liquid crystal aligning agent so that the alignment film had the following film thickness.
- the substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet linearly polarized light from the vertical direction through the polarizing plate.
- the exposure energy at this time is 2.0 ⁇ 0.1 J / cm 2 at a wavelength of 365 nm by measuring the amount of light using a UV integrated light meter UIT-150 (receiver UVD-S365) manufactured by USHIO INC. The exposure time was adjusted.
- heat treatment was performed at 230 ° C. for 15 minutes in a clean oven (manufactured by ESPEC CORP., Clean oven (PVHC-231)) to form an alignment film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ 10 nm.
- Two substrates having alignment films formed on the substrates are opposed to each other so that the surfaces on which the alignment films are formed are opposed to each other so that the polarization directions of ultraviolet rays irradiated to the respective alignment films are parallel to each other.
- a gap for injecting the liquid crystal composition was formed therebetween and bonded together to assemble an empty FFS cell having a cell thickness of 4 ⁇ m.
- the injection port for injecting the liquid crystal into the empty FFS cell was provided at a position where the liquid crystal flow direction at the time of injection was substantially parallel to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet rays applied to the alignment film.
- the negative liquid crystal composition C was vacuum-injected into the produced empty FFS cell to produce a liquid crystal display element.
- pretilt angle was measured by the method described above using the FFS liquid crystal display device produced above, it was 0.0 °. Moreover, fluid orientation was not confirmed and orientation was good.
- a liquid crystal aligning agent Using the obtained liquid crystal aligning agent, an FFS liquid crystal display device was produced by a method according to Example 1, and negative liquid crystal compositions C to E were injected. The pre-tilt angle, luminance change rate ⁇ B (%), and liquid crystal alignment axis stability ⁇ (deg.) Of the obtained FFS liquid crystal display element were measured. The results obtained are summarized in Table 5 together with the results of Example 1.
- an alignment film containing a polyamic acid having a photoisomerized structure in the main chain or a derivative thereof and liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy it has excellent afterimage characteristics and good alignment stability.
- a liquid crystal display element can be provided.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記一対の基板それぞれの対向している面の一方または両方に形成されている電極群と、
前記電極群に接続された複数のアクティブ素子と、
前記一対の基板それぞれの対向している面に形成された液晶配向膜と、
前記一対の基板間に形成された液晶層とを有し;
前記液晶配向膜は、主鎖に光異性化構造を有するポリアミック酸またはその誘導体から得られる塗膜またはこの塗膜を焼成する工程を経て得られる膜に、直線に偏光した光を照射して配向制御能を付与する工程を経て作製され;そして、
前記液晶層は、第一成分として下記式(1)で表される液晶化合物の群から選択される少なくとも1つの液晶化合物を含有する、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物である、液晶表示素子。
式(PDI-7)において、R5は独立して-CH3、-OCH3、-CF3、または-COOCH3であり、
そして、bは0~2の整数である。
式(AN-II)において、Gは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-であり;
式(AN-II)~(AN-IV)において、Yは独立して下記の3価の基の群から選択される1つであり;
式(AN-III)~(AN-V)において、環Aは炭素数3~10の単環式炭化水素の基または炭素数6~30の縮合多環式炭化水素の基であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチルまたはフェニルで置き換えられていてもよく、環に掛かっている結合手は環を構成する任意の炭素に連結しており、2本の結合手が同一の炭素に連結してもよく;
式(AN-VI)において、X10は炭素数2~6のアルキレンであり;
Meはメチルであり;
Phはフェニルであり;
式(AN-VII)において、G10は独立して-O-、-COO-または-OCO-であり;そして、
rは独立して0または1である。
(DI-3)および(DI-5)~(DI-7)において、G21は独立して単結合、-NH-、-O-、-S-、-S-S-、-SO2-、-CO-、-CONH-、-CONCH3-、-NHCO-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、-(CH2)m’-、-O-(CH2)m’-O-、-N(CH3)-(CH2)k-N(CH3)-、または-S-(CH2)m’-S-であり、m’は独立して1~12の整数であり、kは1~5の整数であり;
(DI-6)および(DI-7)において、G22は独立して単結合、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、または炭素数1~10のアルキレンであり;
式(DI-2)~(DI-7)中のシクロヘキサン環およびベンゼン環の任意の-Hは、-F、-CH3、-OH、-CF3、-CO2H、-CONH2、またはベンジルで置き換えられていてもよく、加えて式(DI-4)においては、下記式(DI-4-a)~(DI-4-c)で置き換えられていてもよく、
式(DI-2)~(DI-7)において、環を構成するいずれかの炭素原子に結合位置が固定されていない基は、その環における結合位置が任意であることを示し;
そして、シクロヘキサン環またはベンゼン環への-NH2の結合位置は、G21またはG22の結合位置を除く任意の位置である。
G23は独立して炭素数1~6のアルキレン、フェニレンまたはアルキル置換されたフェニレンであり;
nは1~10の整数であり;
式(DI-9)において、R23は独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル、炭素数1~5のアルコキシまたは-Clであり;
pは独立して0~3の整数であり;
qは0~4の整数であり;
式(DI-10)において、R24は-H、炭素数1~4のアルキル、フェニル、またはベンジルであり;
式(DI-11)において、G24は-CH2-または-NH-であり;
式(DI-12)において、G25は単結合、炭素数2~6のアルキレンまたは1,4-フェニレンであり;
rは0または1であり;
式(DI-12)において、環を構成するいずれかの炭素原子に結合位置が固定されていない基は、その環における結合位置が任意であることを示し;
そして、式(DI-9)、(DI-11)および(DI-12)において、ベンゼン環に結合する-NH2の結合位置は任意の位置である。
式(DI-14)において、環Bはシクロヘキサン環、ベンゼン環またはナフタレン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;
式(DI-15)において、環Cはそれぞれ独立してシクロヘキサン環、またはベンゼン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;
そして、Yは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-である。
式(DI-5-30)において、kは1~5の整数であり;
そして、式(DI-7-3)において、nは1または2ある。
式(AN-II)において、Gは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-であり;
式(AN-II)~(AN-IV)において、Yは独立して下記の3価の基の群から選択される1つであり、
式(AN-III)~(AN-V)において、環Aは炭素数3~10の単環式炭化水素の基または炭素数6~30の縮合多環式炭化水素の基であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチルまたはフェニルで置き換えられていてもよく、環に掛かっている結合手は環を構成する任意の炭素に連結しており、2本の結合手が同一の炭素に連結してもよく;
式(AN-VI)において、X10は炭素数2~6のアルキレンであり;
Meはメチルであり;
Phはフェニルであり;
式(AN-VII)において、G10は独立して-O-、-COO-または-OCO-であり;そして、
rは独立して0または1である。
式(DI-9)において、R23は独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル、炭素数1~5のアルコキシまたは-Clであり、pは独立して0~3の整数であり、qは0~4の整数である。
式(DI-10)において、R24は-H、炭素数1~4のアルキル、フェニル、またはベンジルである。
式(DI-11)において、G24は-CH2-または-NH-である。
式(DI-12)において、G25は単結合、炭素数2~6のアルキレンまたは1,4-フェニレンであり、rは0または1である。そして、環を構成する炭素原子に結合位置が固定されていない基は、その環における結合位置が任意であることを示す。
式(DI-9)、式(DI-11)および式(DI-12)において、ベンゼン環に結合する-NH2の結合位置は、任意の位置である。
式(DI-14)において、環Bはシクロヘキサン環、ベンゼン環またはナフタレン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;
式(DI-15)において、環Cはそれぞれ独立してシクロヘキサン環、またはベンゼン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;そして、Yは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-である。
例えば、本発明の液晶配向剤は、液晶表示素子の電気特性を長期に安定させる目的から、アルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物をさらに含有していてもよい。アルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物は1種で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。アルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物の含有量は、上記の目的から、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して1~100重量%であることが好ましく、1~70重量%であることがより好ましく、1~50重量%であることがさらに好ましい。
アルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物は、本発明で用いられるポリアミック酸またはその誘導体を溶解する溶剤に溶解させることができる化合物であることが好ましい。このようなアルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物の例は、下記の式(NA)で表される化合物が挙げられる。
例えば、本発明の液晶配向剤は、液晶表示素子の電気特性を長期に安定させる目的から、ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物をさらに含有していてもよい。ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物は一種の化合物であってもよいし、二種以上の化合物であってもよい。なお、ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物にはアルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物は含まれない。ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物の含有量は、上記の目的から、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して1~100重量%であることが好ましく、1~70重量%であることがより好ましく、1~50重量%であることがさらに好ましい。
ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物としては、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、(メタ)アクリル酸アミド等の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体、およびビスマレイミドが挙げられる。ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物は、ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を2つ以上有する(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体であることがより好ましい。
例えば、本発明の液晶配向剤は、液晶表示素子における電気特性を長期に安定させる目的から、オキサジン化合物をさらに含有していてもよい。オキサジン化合物は一種の化合物であってもよいし、二種以上の化合物であってもよい。オキサジン化合物の含有量は、上記の目的から、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して0.1~50重量%であることが好ましく、1~40重量%であることがより好ましく、1~20重量%であることがさらに好ましい。
オキサジン化合物は、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体を溶解させる溶媒に可溶であり、加えて、開環重合性を有するオキサジン化合物が好ましい。
例えば、本発明の液晶配向剤は、液晶表示素子における電気特性を長期に安定させる目的から、オキサゾリン化合物をさらに含有していてもよい。オキサゾリン化合物はオキサゾリン構造を有する化合物である。オキサゾリン化合物は一種の化合物であってもよいし、二種以上の化合物であってもよい。オキサゾリン化合物の含有量は、上記の目的から、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して0.1~50重量%であることが好ましく、1~40重量%であることがより好ましく、1~20重量%であることが好ましい。または、オキサゾリン化合物の含有量は、オキサゾリン化合物中のオキサゾリン構造をオキサゾリンに換算したときに、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して0.1~40重量%であることが、上記の目的から好ましい。
オキサゾリン化合物は、1つの化合物中にオキサゾリン構造を1種だけ有していてもよいし、2種以上有していてもよい。またオキサゾリン化合物は、1つの化合物中にオキサゾリン構造を1個有していればよいが、2個以上有することが好ましい。またオキサゾリン化合物は、オキサゾリン環構造を側鎖に有する重合体であってもよいし、共重合体であってもよい。オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有する重合体は、オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有するモノマーの単独重合体であってもよいし、オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有するモノマーとオキサゾリン構造を有しないモノマーとの共重合体であってもよい。オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有する共重合体は、オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有する2種以上のモノマーの共重合体であってもよいし、オキサゾリン構造を側鎖に有する2種以上のモノマーとオキサゾリン構造を有しないモノマーとの共重合体であってもよい。
例えば、本発明の液晶配向剤は、液晶表示素子における電気特性を長期に安定させる目的から、エポキシ化合物をさらに含有していてもよい。エポキシ化合物は一種の化合物であってもよいし、二種以上の化合物であってもよい。エポキシ化合物の含有量は、上記の目的から、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体に対して0.1~50重量%であることが好ましく、1~40重量%であることがより好ましく、1~20重量%であることがさらに好ましい。
エポキシ化合物としては、例えばビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルエステル型エポキシ樹脂、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、オキシランを有するモノマーの重合体、およびオキシランを有するモノマーと他のモノマーとの共重合体、下記構造式(E1)から(E3)、(E5)で表される化合物、および下記一般式(E4)で表される化合物、等が挙げられる。
一般式(E4)で表される化合物としては、商品名「エピコート828」、「エピコート190P」、「エピコート191P」、商品名「エピコート1004」、「エピコート1256」(以上、ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製)、商品名「アラルダイトCY177」が挙げられる。
構造式(E2)で表される化合物としては、商品名「セロキサイド2021P」、「EHPE-3150」(ダイセル化学工業(株)製)が挙げられる。
構造式(E5)で表される化合物としては、「4,4’-メチレンビス(N,N-ジグリシジルアニリン)」(シグマ・アルドリッチ社製)が挙げられる。
光学活性な化合物の好ましい割合は5重量%以下である。さらに好ましい割合は0.01重量%から2重量%の範囲である。
ポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量は、2695セパレーションモジュール・2414示差屈折計(Waters製)を用いてGPC法により測定し、ポリスチレン換算することにより求めた。得られたポリアミック酸をリン酸-DMF混合溶液(リン酸/DMF=0.6/100:重量比)で、ポリアミック酸濃度が約2重量%になるように希釈した。カラムはHSPgel RT MB-M(Waters製)を使用し、前記混合溶液を展開剤として、カラム温度50℃、流速0.40mL/minの条件で測定を行った。標準ポリスチレンは東ソー(株)製TSK標準ポリスチレンを用いた。
<1.プレチルト角>
分光エリプソメータM-2000U(J.A.Woollam Co. Inc.製)を使用して求めた。
後述する液晶表示素子の輝度-電圧特性(B-V特性)を測定した。これをストレス印加前の輝度-電圧特性:B(before)とする。次に、素子に4.5V、60Hzの交流を20分間印加した後、1秒間ショートし、再び輝度-電圧特性(B-V特性)を測定した。これをストレス印加後の輝度-電圧特性:B(after)とする。これらの値をもとに、輝度変化率ΔB(%)を、
ΔB(%)=[B(after)-B(before)]/B(before) (式1)
の式を用いて見積もった。これらの測定は国際公開2000/43833号パンフレットを参考に行った。電圧0.75VにおけるΔB(%)の値が小さいほど、AC残像の発生を防止できるといえる。
後述する液晶表示素子の電極側の液晶配向軸の変化率を求めた。ストレス印加前の電極側の液晶配向角度φ(before)を測定し、その後、素子に矩形波4.5V、60Hzを20分間印加した後、1秒間ショートし、1秒後および5分後に再び電極側の液晶配向角度φ(after)を測定した。これらの値をもとに、1秒後および5分後の液晶配向角度の変化Δφ(deg.)を、
Δφ(deg.)=φ(after)-φ(before) (式2)
の式を用いて見積もった。これらの測定はJ. Hilfiker, B. Johs, C. Herzinger, J. F. Elman, E. Montbach, D. Bryant, and P. J. Bos Thin Solid Films, 455-456, (2004) 596-600を参考に行った。Δφが小さいほうが液晶配向軸の変化率が小さく、液晶配向軸の安定性が良いといえる。
<溶剤>
N-メチル-2-ピロリドン:NMP
ブチルセロソルブ(エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル):BC
<添加剤>
添加剤(Ad1):ビス[4-(アリルビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト-5-エン-2,3-ジカルボキシイミド)フェニル]メタン
添加剤(Ad2):N,N,N’,N’-テトラグリシジル-4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルメタン
添加剤(Ad3):3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン
添加剤(Ad4):2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン
[合成例1]
温度計、攪拌機、原料投入仕込み口および窒素ガス導入口を備えた50mLの褐色四つ口フラスコにジアミン(DI-5-1,m=2)0.2102g、ジアミン(DI-9-1)0.0664g、ジアミン(PDI-6-1)0.2082g、ジアミン(PDI-7-1)0.5778g、および脱水NMP18.5gを入れ、乾燥窒素気流下攪拌溶解した。次いで酸二無水物(AN-1-13)0.1268g、酸二無水物(AN-4-17,m=8)1.8106g、および脱水NMP18.5gを入れ、室温で24時間攪拌を続けた。この反応溶液にBC10.0gを加えて、ポリマー固形分濃度が6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液をPA1とする。PA1に含まれるポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量は39,400であった。
表1に示したようにテトラカルボン酸二無水物およびジアミンを変更した以外は、合成例1に準拠してポリマー固形分濃度が6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA2)~(PA8)を調製した。合成例1結果を含めて、得られたポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量の測定結果を表1にまとめた。
[合成例9]
温度計、攪拌機、原料投入仕込み口および窒素ガス導入口を備えた50mLの褐色四つ口フラスコにジアミン(DI-4-1)0.7349gおよび脱水NMP18.5gを入れ、乾燥窒素気流下攪拌溶解した。次いで酸二無水物(AN-1-1)0.6732g、酸二無水物(AN-4-28)1.5918g、および脱水NMP18.5gを入れ、室温で24時間攪拌を続けた。この反応溶液にBC10.0gを加えて、ポリマー固形分濃度が6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液をPA7とする。PA9に含まれるポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量は51,500であった。
表2に示したようにテトラカルボン酸二無水物およびジアミンを変更した以外は、合成例7に準拠してポリマー固形分濃度が6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA10)~(PA24)を調製した。合成例9結果を含めて、得られたポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量の測定結果を表2にまとめた。
温度計、攪拌機、原料投入仕込み口および窒素ガス導入口を備えた100mLの褐色四つ口フラスコにジアミン(DI-4-1)2.1325gおよび脱水NMP74gを入れ、乾燥窒素気流下攪拌溶解した。次いで酸二無水物(AN-2-1)3.8675gおよびBC10.0gを入れ、室温で24時間攪拌し、ポリマー固形分濃度が6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液をPA49とする。PA49に含まれるポリアミック酸の重量平均分子量は120,500であった。
[実施例1]
<液晶表示素子の作製方法>
合成例1で調製したポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA1)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。液晶配向剤をカラムスペーサー付きガラス基板とITO電極付きガラス基板それぞれ1枚ずつにスピンナー(ミカサ株式会社製、スピンコーター(1H-DX2))にて塗布した。なお、以降の実施例、比較例をも含めて、液晶配向剤の粘度に応じてスピンナーの回転速度を調整し、配向膜が下記の膜厚になるようにした。ポリアミック酸溶液塗膜後、ホットプレート(アズワン株式会社製、ECホットプレート(EC-1200N))上で70℃にて80秒間加熱乾燥した。次いで、ウシオ電機(株)製マルチライトML-501C/Bを用い、基板に対して鉛直方向から、偏光板を介して紫外線の直線偏光を照射した。この時の露光エネルギーは、ウシオ電機(株)製紫外線積算光量計UIT-150(受光器UVD-S365)を用いて光量を測定し、波長365nmで2.0±0.1J/cm2になるよう、露光時間を調整した。次いで、クリーンオーブン(エスペック株式会社製、クリーンオーブン(PVHC-231))中で230℃にて15分間加熱処理して、膜厚100±10nmの配向膜を形成した。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液PA2、PA25~PA39およびPA44~PA47のそれぞれに、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を用いて、実施例1に準じた方法でFFS液晶表示素子を作製し、ネガ液晶組成物を注入した。得られたFFS液晶表示素子のプレチルト角、輝度変化率ΔB(%)、そして液晶配向軸安定性Δφ(deg.)を測定した。得られた結果は、実施例1の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液PA1またはPA25に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を用いて、実施例1に準じた方法でFFS液晶表示素子を作製し、ポジ液晶組成物を注入した。得られたFFS液晶表示素子のプレチルト角、輝度変化率ΔB(%)、そして液晶配向軸安定性Δφ(deg.)を測定した。得られた結果は、実施例1~21の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液PA49に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を基板に塗膜後、70℃にて80秒間加熱乾燥した。次いで、230℃にて15分間加熱処理して、膜厚100±10nmの配向膜を形成した。次いで、ウシオ電機(株)製マルチライトML-501C/Bを用い、基板に対して鉛直方向から、偏光板を介して紫外線の直線偏光を照射した。この時の露光エネルギーは、ウシオ電機(株)製紫外線積算光量計UIT-150(受光器UVD-S254)を用いて光量を測定し、波長254nmで2.0±0.1J/cm2になるよう、露光時間を調整した。その後、実施例1に準じた方法でFFS液晶表示素子を作製し、それぞれポジ液晶組成物、ネガ液晶組成物Aを注入した。
得られたFFS液晶表示素子のプレチルト角、輝度変化率ΔB(%)、そして液晶配向軸安定性Δφ(deg.)を測定した。得られた結果は、実施例1~21および比較例1、2の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA27)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。液晶配向剤をガラス基板にスピンナー(ミカサ株式会社製、スピンコーター(1H-DX2))にて塗布した。ポリアミック酸溶液塗布後、ホットプレート(アズワン株式会社製、ECホットプレート(EC-1200N))上で70℃にて80秒間加熱乾燥し、ウシオ電機(株)製マルチライトML-501C/Bを用い、基板に対して鉛直方向から、偏光板を介して紫外線の直線偏光を照射した。この時の露光エネルギーは、ウシオ電機(株)製紫外線積算光量計UIT-150(受光器UVD-S365)を用いて光量を測定し、波長365nmで0.7±0.1J/cm2になるよう、露光時間を調整した。紫外線露光中、基板の温度は50℃に加熱した。紫外線の照射は、装置全体を紫外線防止フィルムで覆い、室温、空気中で行った。次いで、クリーンオーブン(エスペック株式会社製、クリーンオーブン(PVHC-231))中で、230℃にて15分間加熱処理して、膜厚100±10nmの配向膜を形成した。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA40、PA42、およびPA48)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を用いて、実施例22に準じた方法で液晶表示素子を作製した。得られたFFS液晶表示素子のプレチルト角、輝度変化率ΔB(%)、そして液晶配向軸安定性Δφ(deg.)の結果は、実施例22の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA34)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。液晶配向剤をガラス基板にスピンナー(ミカサ株式会社製、スピンコーター(1H-DX2))にて塗布した。ポリアミック酸溶液塗布後、ホットプレート(アズワン株式会社製、ECホットプレート(EC-1200N))上で70℃にて80秒間加熱乾燥し、ウシオ電機(株)製UVランプ(UVL-1500M2-N1)を用い、基板に対して鉛直方向から、偏光板を介して紫外線の直線偏光を照射した。この時の露光エネルギーは、ウシオ電機(株)製紫外線積算光量計UIT-150(受光器UVD-S365)を用いて光量を測定し、波長365nmで1.0±0.1J/cm2になるよう、露光時間を調整した。紫外線の照射は、装置全体を紫外線防止フィルムで覆い、室温、空気中で行った。次いで、クリーンオーブン(エスペック株式会社製、クリーンオーブン(PVHC-231))中で、230℃にて15分間加熱処理して、膜厚100±10nmの配向膜を形成した。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA41およびPA43)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を用いて、実施例26に準じた方法で液晶表示素子を作製した。実施例26の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液(PA33)に、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。液晶配向剤をカラムスペーサー付きガラス基板とITO電極付きガラス基板それぞれ1枚ずつにスピンナー(ミカサ株式会社製、スピンコーター(1H-DX2))にて塗布した。なお、以降の実施例、比較例をも含めて、液晶配向剤の粘度に応じてスピンナーの回転速度を調整し、配向膜が下記の膜厚になるようにした。ポリアミック酸溶液塗膜後、ホットプレート(アズワン株式会社製、ECホットプレート(EC-1200N))上で70℃にて80秒間加熱乾燥した。次いで、ウシオ電機(株)製マルチライトML-501C/Bを用い、基板に対して鉛直方向から、偏光板を介して紫外線の直線偏光を照射した。この時の露光エネルギーは、ウシオ電機(株)製紫外線積算光量計UIT-150(受光器UVD-S365)を用いて光量を測定し、波長365nmで2.0±0.1J/cm2になるよう、露光時間を調整した。次いで、クリーンオーブン(エスペック株式会社製、クリーンオーブン(PVHC-231))中で230℃にて15分間加熱処理して、膜厚100±10nmの配向膜を形成した。
ポリマー固形分濃度6重量%のポリアミック酸溶液PA41、PA44、PA44,PA41、PA33およびPA43のそれぞれに、NMP/BC=4/1(重量比)の混合溶剤を加え、ポリマー固形分濃度4重量%に希釈して液晶配向剤とした。得られた液晶配向剤を用いて、実施例1に準じた方法でFFS液晶表示素子を作製し、ネガ液晶組成物C~Eを注入した。得られたFFS液晶表示素子のプレチルト角、輝度変化率ΔB(%)、そして液晶配向軸安定性Δφ(deg.)を測定した。得られた結果は、実施例1の結果と合わせて表5にまとめた。
Claims (17)
- 対向配置されている一対の基板と、
前記一対の基板それぞれの対向している面の一方または両方に形成されている電極群と、
前記電極群に接続された複数のアクティブ素子と、
前記一対の基板それぞれの対向している面に形成された液晶配向膜と、
前記一対の基板間に形成された液晶層とを有し;
前記液晶配向膜は、主鎖に光異性化構造を有するポリアミック酸またはその誘導体から得られる塗膜またはこの塗膜を焼成する工程を経て得られる膜に、直線に偏光した光を照射して配向制御能を付与する工程を経て作製され;そして、
前記液晶層は、第一成分として下記式(1)で表される液晶化合物の群から選択される少なくとも1つの液晶化合物を含有する、負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物である、
液晶表示素子。
環Aおよび環Bは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,3-ジオキサン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-3-クロロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-6-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2,6-ナフタレンジイル、または7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルであり、環Aおよび環Bの少なくとも1つは2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-3-クロロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-6-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、または7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルであり;
Z1は独立して、単結合、-(CH2)2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、または-CF2O-であり;そして、
jは1、2、または3である。 - 液晶層に印加する電界が、基板面に対して平行な成分をもっていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 式(I)~(VII)から選択される光異性化構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物以外のその他のテトラカルボン酸二無水物として、下記式(AN-I)~(AN-VII)で表されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物の群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項3~6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
式(AN-II)において、Gは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-であり;
式(AN-II)~(AN-IV)において、Yは独立して下記の3価の基の群から選択される1つであり;
式(AN-III)~(AN-V)において、環Aは炭素数3~10の単環式炭化水素の基または炭素数6~30の縮合多環式炭化水素の基であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチルまたはフェニルで置き換えられていてもよく、環に掛かっている結合手は環を構成する任意の炭素に連結しており、2本の結合手が同一の炭素に連結してもよく;
式(AN-VI)において、X10は炭素数2~6のアルキレンであり;
Meはメチルであり;
Phはフェニルであり;
式(AN-VII)において、G10は独立して-O-、-COO-または-OCO-であり;そして、
rは独立して0または1である。 - 式(I)~(VII)から選択される光異性化構造を有するジアミン以外のその他のジアミンとして、下記式(DI-1)~(DI-15)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項3~8のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
(DI-3)および(DI-5)~(DI-7)において、G21は独立して単結合、-NH-、-O-、-S-、-S-S-、-SO2-、-CO-、-CONH-、-CONCH3-、-NHCO-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、-(CH2)m’-、-O-(CH2)m’-O-、-N(CH3)-(CH2)k-N(CH3)-、または-S-(CH2)m’-S-であり、m’は独立して1~12の整数であり、kは1~5の整数であり;
(DI-6)および(DI-7)において、G22は独立して単結合、-O-、-S-、-CO-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、または炭素数1~10のアルキレンであり;
式(DI-2)~(DI-7)中のシクロヘキサン環およびベンゼン環の任意の-Hは、-F、-CH3、-OH、-CF3、-CO2H、-CONH2、またはベンジルで置き換えられていてもよく、加えて式(DI-4)においては、下記式(DI-4-a)~(DI-4-c)で置き換えられていてもよく、
式(DI-2)~(DI-7)において、環を構成するいずれかの炭素原子に結合位置が固定されていない基は、その環における結合位置が任意であることを示し;
そして、シクロヘキサン環またはベンゼン環への-NH2の結合位置は、G21またはG22の結合位置を除く任意の位置である。
G23は独立して炭素数1~6のアルキレン、フェニレンまたはアルキル置換されたフェニレンであり;
nは1~10の整数であり;
式(DI-9)において、R23は独立して炭素数1~5のアルキル、炭素数1~5のアルコキシまたは-Clであり;
pは独立して0~3の整数であり;
qは0~4の整数であり;
式(DI-10)において、R24は-H、炭素数1~4のアルキル、フェニル、またはベンジルであり;
式(DI-11)において、G24は-CH2-または-NH-であり;
式(DI-12)において、G25は単結合、炭素数2~6のアルキレンまたは1,4-フェニレンであり;
rは0または1であり;
式(DI-12)において、環を構成するいずれかの炭素原子に結合位置が固定されていない基は、その環における結合位置が任意であることを示し;
そして、式(DI-9)、(DI-11)および(DI-12)において、ベンゼン環に結合する-NH2の結合位置は任意の位置である。
式(DI-14)において、環Bはシクロヘキサン環、ベンゼン環またはナフタレン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;
式(DI-15)において、環Cはそれぞれ独立してシクロヘキサン環、またはベンゼン環であり、この基の任意の水素はメチル、エチル、またはフェニルで置き換えられてもよく;
そして、Yは単結合、炭素数1~20のアルキレン、-CO-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(CH3)2-、または-C(CF3)2-である。 - 式(I)~(VII)から選択される光異性化構造を有するジアミン以外のその他のジアミンとして、下記式(DI-1-3)、(DI-1-4)、(DI-4-1)、(DI-5-1)、(DI-5-5)、(DI-5-9)、(DI-5-12)、(DI-5-21)、(DI-5-28)、(DI-5-30)、(DI-5-31)、(DI-7-3)、(DI-9-1)、(DI-13-1)、(DI-13-2)、(DI-14-1)、または(DI-14-2)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、請求項9に記載の液晶表示素子。
式(DI-5-30)において、kは1~5の整数であり;
そして、式(DI-7-3)において、nは1または2ある。 - 液晶配向膜が、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の主鎖に光異性化構造を有するポリアミック酸またはその誘導体と、その他のポリマーを含有する液晶配向剤から形成された液晶表示素子。
- 液晶配向膜が、アルケニル置換ナジイミド化合物、ラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合を有する化合物、オキサジン化合物、オキサゾリン化合物、およびエポキシ化合物からなる化合物の群から選択される少なくとも1つをさらに含有する液晶配向剤から形成された、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 液晶配向剤を基板に塗布する工程と、液晶配向剤を塗布した基板を加熱乾燥する工程の後に、直線に偏光した光を照射して配向制御能を付与する工程を経て作製される、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 液晶配向剤を基板に塗布する工程と、液晶配向剤を塗布した基板を加熱乾燥する工程の後に、直線に偏光した光を照射して配向制御能を付与する工程を経て、次いでその膜を加熱焼成する工程を経て形成される、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 液晶配向剤を基板に塗布する工程と、液晶配向剤を塗布した基板を加熱乾燥する工程と、乾燥した膜を加熱焼成する工程と、その後に、直線に偏光した光を照射して配向制御能を付与する工程とを経て形成される、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 負の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物が、第一成分として式(1-1)~式(1-32)で表される液晶化合物の群から選択される少なくとも1つの液晶化合物を含有する、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示素子。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020157011592A KR102085682B1 (ko) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 액정 표시 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN201380054560.9A CN104737067B (zh) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 液晶显示元件及其制造方法 |
US14/439,792 US9771519B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing same |
JP2014544566A JP6187473B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
US15/666,897 US20170327743A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-08-02 | Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012241048 | 2012-10-31 | ||
JP2012-241048 | 2012-10-31 | ||
JP2013014249 | 2013-01-29 | ||
JP2013-014249 | 2013-01-29 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/439,792 A-371-Of-International US9771519B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing same |
US15/666,897 Division US20170327743A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-08-02 | Liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014069550A1 true WO2014069550A1 (ja) | 2014-05-08 |
Family
ID=50627448
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/079482 WO2014069550A1 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9771519B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6187473B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102085682B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN107589595A (ja) |
TW (2) | TWI646178B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014069550A1 (ja) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015016121A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-05 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
WO2015064630A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2015064629A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2016017519A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2016017520A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2016017569A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2016017521A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP2016085413A (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-19 | Jsr株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶表示素子の製造方法、液晶配向膜、液晶表示素子、重合体及び化合物 |
JP2016113472A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | マトリックス材 |
JP2016113470A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | マトリックス材 |
JP2016180973A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-10-13 | Jnc株式会社 | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
WO2017061575A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP2017146595A (ja) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP2018081304A (ja) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-24 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2020141614A3 (ja) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-09-03 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | ポリイミド、ポリアミド酸、樹脂溶液、コーティング剤及びポリイミドフィルム |
WO2023013622A1 (ja) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
US11667843B2 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2023-06-06 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Liquid crystal alignment agent composition, method of preparing liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display using the same |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3133136B1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2019-08-07 | JNC Corporation | Liquid crystal display device |
US9798193B2 (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2017-10-24 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a display panel, display panel and display device |
KR20170023779A (ko) * | 2014-06-30 | 2017-03-06 | 제이엔씨 주식회사 | 액정 표시 소자 |
JPWO2016021333A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-04 | 2017-06-01 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
CN105137661B (zh) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-03-27 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种取向膜制造方法 |
KR102621459B1 (ko) * | 2016-04-20 | 2024-01-05 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 배향막 조성물, 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치 및 액정 표시 장치 제조방법 |
US9909066B2 (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-03-06 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Alignment layer composition, liquid crystal display including the alignment layer composition, and manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display |
US20210214615A1 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2021-07-15 | Jnc Corporation | Liquid crystal display device and display unit |
KR101959515B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-03-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액정 배향막의 제조 방법 |
JP2018054761A (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | Jsr株式会社 | 液晶素子及びその製造方法 |
CN108239545B (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏和成显示科技有限公司 | 具有负介电各向异性的液晶组合物及其显示器件 |
CN108239542A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 江苏和成显示科技有限公司 | 具有负介电各向异性的液晶组合物及其显示器件 |
WO2019054443A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-03-21 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 |
KR102198214B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-03 | 2021-01-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 액정 배향제 조성물, 이를 이용한 액정 배향막의 제조 방법, 이를 이용한 액정 배향막 및 액정표시소자 |
CN110551508A (zh) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 捷恩智株式会社 | 光取向用液晶取向剂、液晶取向膜、液晶显示元件及它们的形成方法、聚酰胺酸或其衍生物 |
WO2020026831A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-06 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP2021117285A (ja) * | 2020-01-23 | 2021-08-10 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 液晶表示装置およびその製造方法 |
CN114196420B (zh) * | 2020-09-17 | 2024-07-19 | 江苏和成显示科技有限公司 | 液晶组合物及其液晶显示器件 |
US20230040536A1 (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-02-09 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Photocurable maleimide resin composition |
US12145918B2 (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2024-11-19 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Crosslinkable mesogenic dianhydride monomers |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010049230A (ja) * | 2008-03-21 | 2010-03-04 | Chisso Corp | 光配向剤、配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3075917B2 (ja) | 1994-05-27 | 2000-08-14 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置、その製造方法およびその製造装置 |
US5959708A (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1999-09-28 | Hyundai Electronics Industries Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display having a conductive high molecular film for preventing the fringe field in the in-plane switching mode |
TW387997B (en) | 1997-12-29 | 2000-04-21 | Hyundai Electronics Ind | Liquid crystal display and fabrication method |
JP4373052B2 (ja) | 2002-05-06 | 2009-11-25 | 大林精工株式会社 | 超高開口率広視野角液晶表示装置 |
CN100430802C (zh) * | 2002-12-09 | 2008-11-05 | 株式会社日立显示器 | 液晶显示装置及其制造方法 |
JP2005200500A (ja) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶添加物、液晶組成物、液晶装置、投射型表示装置 |
JP4839194B2 (ja) | 2005-12-26 | 2011-12-21 | 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ | 液晶表示装置とその製造方法 |
JP5481771B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-16 | 2014-04-23 | Jnc株式会社 | 光配向膜及び液晶表示素子 |
JP4924801B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-22 | 2012-04-25 | Jsr株式会社 | 液晶の配向剤、配向膜、液晶表示素子および光学部材 |
JP5120047B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-02 | 2013-01-16 | Jsr株式会社 | 垂直配向型液晶配向剤および液晶表示素子 |
JP5407261B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-11 | 2014-02-05 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 |
JP5034977B2 (ja) | 2008-01-25 | 2012-09-26 | Jnc株式会社 | 配向膜用組成物 |
JP2010066645A (ja) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-25 | Seiko Epson Corp | 液晶装置及び電子機器 |
JP5655583B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-19 | 2015-01-21 | Jsr株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 |
CN103476905A (zh) * | 2011-04-18 | 2013-12-25 | 捷恩智株式会社 | 液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 |
-
2013
- 2013-10-31 US US14/439,792 patent/US9771519B2/en active Active
- 2013-10-31 KR KR1020157011592A patent/KR102085682B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-10-31 TW TW106134019A patent/TWI646178B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-10-31 JP JP2014544566A patent/JP6187473B2/ja active Active
- 2013-10-31 TW TW102139445A patent/TWI606112B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-10-31 CN CN201710957851.9A patent/CN107589595A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-10-31 WO PCT/JP2013/079482 patent/WO2014069550A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-10-31 CN CN201380054560.9A patent/CN104737067B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-08-02 US US15/666,897 patent/US20170327743A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010049230A (ja) * | 2008-03-21 | 2010-03-04 | Chisso Corp | 光配向剤、配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
Cited By (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015016121A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-05 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
US9977290B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2018-05-22 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device |
JP5997385B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-09-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
JP2016136257A (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-07-28 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2015064630A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
WO2015064629A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-05-07 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JPWO2015064629A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-03-09 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP5930133B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-06-08 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP2016139139A (ja) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-08-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US10031384B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2018-07-24 | Dic Corporation | Liquid-crystal display element |
WO2016017569A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US10414980B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2019-09-17 | Dic Corporation | Liquid-crystal display |
WO2016017521A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US10035955B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2018-07-31 | Dic Corporation | Liquid-crystal display element |
WO2016017520A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP6070897B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-02-01 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US10421906B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | Dic Corporation | Liquid-crystal display element |
CN106537241A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-03-22 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶显示元件 |
CN106537242A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-03-22 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶显示元件 |
CN106662784B (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2020-06-05 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶显示元件 |
JPWO2016017519A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-04-27 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JPWO2016017520A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-04-27 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
CN106662784A (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-05-10 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶显示元件 |
CN106537241B (zh) * | 2014-07-29 | 2020-08-11 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶组合物及液晶显示元件 |
WO2016017519A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP2016085413A (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-19 | Jsr株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶表示素子の製造方法、液晶配向膜、液晶表示素子、重合体及び化合物 |
JP2016113470A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | マトリックス材 |
JP2016180973A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-10-13 | Jnc株式会社 | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
JP2016113472A (ja) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | マトリックス材 |
WO2017061575A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-13 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
CN108369359A (zh) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-08-03 | 日产化学工业株式会社 | 液晶取向剂、液晶取向膜和液晶表示元件 |
KR20180063294A (ko) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-06-11 | 닛산 가가쿠 고교 가부시키 가이샤 | 액정 배향제, 액정 배향막, 및 액정 표시 소자 |
CN108369359B (zh) * | 2015-10-07 | 2021-07-27 | 日产化学工业株式会社 | 液晶取向剂、液晶取向膜和液晶表示元件 |
KR102704513B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-07 | 2024-09-06 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 액정 배향제, 액정 배향막, 및 액정 표시 소자 |
JP2017146595A (ja) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP7114856B2 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2022-08-09 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP2022140484A (ja) * | 2016-02-15 | 2022-09-26 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP7351382B2 (ja) | 2016-02-15 | 2023-09-27 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
JP2018081304A (ja) * | 2016-11-04 | 2018-05-24 | Jnc株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
US11667843B2 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2023-06-06 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Liquid crystal alignment agent composition, method of preparing liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal alignment film, and liquid crystal display using the same |
WO2020141614A3 (ja) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-09-03 | Jxtgエネルギー株式会社 | ポリイミド、ポリアミド酸、樹脂溶液、コーティング剤及びポリイミドフィルム |
WO2023013622A1 (ja) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | 日産化学株式会社 | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、及び液晶表示素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2014069550A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
US20170327743A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
US20150275089A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
TW201418430A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
CN104737067B (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
US9771519B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
KR20150081279A (ko) | 2015-07-13 |
TW201802236A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
CN104737067A (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
TWI606112B (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
JP6187473B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
KR102085682B1 (ko) | 2020-03-06 |
TWI646178B (zh) | 2019-01-01 |
CN107589595A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6187473B2 (ja) | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 | |
JP6561514B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6090570B2 (ja) | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP5304174B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6057070B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP6421545B2 (ja) | ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体を含む液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6565730B2 (ja) | ジアミン、ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体、液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6720661B2 (ja) | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP2014205659A (ja) | 感光性ジアミン、液晶配向剤および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6575528B2 (ja) | ポリアミック酸またはその誘導体を含む液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP5459052B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6699417B2 (ja) | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP6516096B2 (ja) | トリアゾール含有テトラカルボン酸二無水物、液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、および液晶表示素子 | |
JP6561624B2 (ja) | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP5672762B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 | |
JP2010102184A (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 | |
JP5995055B2 (ja) | 高配向、高プレチルト角を与える光配向膜、およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子の製造方法 | |
JP7647448B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP7663449B2 (ja) | 光配向方式の液晶配向膜を形成するための光配向用液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、およびこれを用いた液晶素子 | |
JP7484664B2 (ja) | 光配向用液晶配向膜を形成するための液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、およびこれを用いた液晶素子 | |
JP7512879B2 (ja) | 液晶配向剤、液晶配向膜、およびこれを用いた液晶表示素子 | |
JP2018106096A (ja) | 光配向法に用いる光配向用液晶配向剤、およびそれを用いた光配向膜、液晶表示素子 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13850980 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2014544566 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20157011592 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14439792 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13850980 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |