WO2014054858A1 - 공작기계 진동 저감 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
공작기계 진동 저감 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014054858A1 WO2014054858A1 PCT/KR2013/008236 KR2013008236W WO2014054858A1 WO 2014054858 A1 WO2014054858 A1 WO 2014054858A1 KR 2013008236 W KR2013008236 W KR 2013008236W WO 2014054858 A1 WO2014054858 A1 WO 2014054858A1
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- vibration
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- signal
- machine tool
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/04—Tool holders for a single cutting tool
- B23B29/12—Special arrangements on tool holders
- B23B29/125—Vibratory toolholders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/24—Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets
- B23B29/244—Toolposts, i.e. clamping quick-change toolholders, without description of the angular positioning device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during turning, boring or drilling
- B23B2250/16—Damping of vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/108—Piezoelectric elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37434—Measuring vibration of machine or workpiece or tool
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49176—Compensation of vibration of machine base due to slide movement
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2585—Tool rest
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for reducing vibration of a machine tool. Specifically, the vibration waveform generated by changing a phase while simultaneously generating the same frequency as a piezo-exciter for measuring and removing vibration of a machine tool is eliminated.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for reducing vibration of a machine tool.
- Machine tool is a general term for a machine for manufacturing a machine. It refers to a machine that generates cutting chips through cutting, cutting, boring, drilling, screw cutting, grinding, etc. using metal cutting tools to process metals and other materials into the required shape. This is not only a machine for making machines, but also the basis for all machines. In general, machine tools often refer to machines for metal processing. Machine tools can be divided into general machine tools and dedicated machine tools. Among them, general machine tools include lathes, drill machines, boring machines, milling machines, saw machines and grinding machines.
- Vibration inevitably occurs due to design errors and disturbances of machine tools. These vibrations not only reduce the durability of the machine and structure, but also cause major loss of precision in terms of the workpiece. .
- the boring process is a process that requires precision as compared to drilling, it is a representative process that requires vibration damping during deep hole processing to achieve surface roughness (usually within 2um).
- a vibration suppressor is installed in a toll holder to suppress vibration or a damper is installed on a base of a boring machine to remove vibration.
- This method is not only limited to the design of a wide frequency band, but also changes in the design, such as the vibration of the structure / machine itself and the level and frequency of the vibration, such as the vibration applied by the disturbance. There is difficulty in applicability because replacement cost and working cost are very large.
- a passive method is mainly used for damping the generated vibration which affects the surface roughness during processing.
- vibrations vary depending on the machine or processing conditions, so there is a range of vibrations that occur depending on the specific machine or the fixed machining conditions (tool feed speed, rotational speed and depth of cut, etc.).
- the rigid design or damper of the machine tool was placed. This method is ineffective and passive because it cannot be used according to various processes or processing conditions, and requires structural design changes and time and expenses (design modification and replacement work costs) are generated.
- Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2008-0098583 discloses an anti-shake device of a working machine.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by measuring the vibration frequency and amplitude in real time using a sensor unit and applying the vibration frequency generated in the machine tool by applying to the portion having a corresponding frequency to actively It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for reducing machine tool vibration.
- a tool holder (100) provided in the machine tool for fixing the cutting tool (10); A sensor unit 200 fixed to the tool holder 100 for sensing vibration of the cutting tool 10; An excitation part 300 fixed to the tool holder 100 to apply vibration to the cutting tool 10; And a controller 400 connected to the sensor unit 200 and the excitation unit 300 to control the excitation unit 300 using information sensed by the sensor unit 200. It features.
- the tool holder 100 may include a tool holder frame unit 110; A cutting tool fixing part (120) provided at one side of the tool holder frame part (110) to fix the cutting tool (10); And a tool holder fixing part 130 provided at one side of the tool holder frame part 110 to fix the tool holder 100.
- the excitation portion 300 is an exciter fixing portion 310 which is fixed in close contact with the tool holder 100; And a piezoelectric excitation part 320 which is in contact with the cutting tool 10 and vibrates according to the vibration sensed by the sensor part 200.
- the excitation unit 300 is interposed between the tool holder 100 and the piezo excitation unit 320 to adjust the preload of the piezo excitation unit 300 to adjust the preload; It is characterized in that it further comprises.
- the machine tool vibration reducing device may further include a cover part 140 provided outside the tool holder 100 in a form surrounding the tool holder 100.
- the sensor unit 200 is configured to include at least one acceleration sensor, characterized in that the communication by at least one method selected from wired and wireless.
- control unit 400 is connected to the sensor unit 200 to measure the vibration frequency and the wave velocity of the sensor unit 200 by using the signal obtained by the sensor unit 200 and the excitation unit 300
- a signal processor 410 estimating an excitation frequency vibration of the signal generator 410
- an excitation control unit 420 connected to each of the signal processing unit 410 and the excitation unit 300 to receive the vibration estimated by the signal processing unit and to control the excitation unit.
- the signal processor 410 measures the main frequency and phase change of the vibration signal input from the sensor unit 200 to derive the wave velocity, and measures the amount of attenuation in the medium of the vibration signal to measure the actual vibration amplitude of the vibration source. It is characterized in that for estimating the amplitude to be excited to the excitation unit 300.
- the excitation control unit 420 controls the excitation unit 300 by the vibration estimated by the signal processing unit 410 to measure the vibration peak reduced by the excitation unit 300, and receives the result feedback It is characterized in that for controlling the vibration unit 300 while monitoring the change in the vibration, while changing the phase of the excitation frequency in order to reduce the generated vibration.
- Machine tool vibration reduction method is a machine tool using a machine tool vibration reduction device comprising a tool holder 100, a sensor unit 200, the excitation unit 300 and the control unit 400
- the signal input step of receiving a vibration signal from the sensor unit 200 (S10)
- a vibration estimation step (S20) of estimating the vibration magnitude of the vibration received from the sensor unit 200 using the signal received in the signal input step (S10)
- an excitation unit control step (S30) for controlling the excitation unit 300 by using the magnitude of the vibration estimated in the vibration estimation step (S20).
- the vibration estimation step (S20) is a signal amplification step (S21) for amplifying the signal received in the signal input step (S10) with an amplifier;
- an oscillation magnitude obtaining step S24 of acquiring an amplitude corresponding to a frequency domain using the information transformed in the Fourier transforming step S23.
- the vibration magnitude obtaining step (S24) comprises a frequency and wave velocity estimation step (S25) for estimating the main frequency and the wave velocity using the signal obtained from the Fourier transform step (S23); And an amplitude determining step (S26) of measuring the amount of attenuation in the medium of the vibration signal to determine an amplitude to have by predicting the actual vibration amplitude of the vibration source.
- the feedback control step (S40) comprises a vibration peak measurement step (41) for measuring the vibration peak reduced by the excitation unit 300; A monitoring step (S42) of monitoring a change in vibration by receiving feedback of the vibration peak measured in the vibration peak measuring step (S41); And a compensation control step (S43) of controlling the excitation unit 300 while changing the phase of the excitation frequency by using the information monitored in the monitoring step (S42).
- the apparatus and method for reducing vibration of a machine tool by measuring vibration in real time and reducing the vibration generated based on the measured result, it is possible to improve the precision of the machining operation of the machine tool, and the vibration In addition, the life of the machine tool can be increased by reducing the cost, which is more cost effective.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the tool holder of the machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the tool holder of the machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an excitation of the machine tool vibration reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view including a preload adjusting unit of the machine tool vibration reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a perspective view including a cover portion of the machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 to 11 is a flow chart of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is an embodiment of the present invention 4 is a perspective view of a tool holder of a machine tool vibration reducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the tool holder of the machine tool vibration reducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 illustrates a work tool according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a preload adjusting part of a machine tool vibration reducing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a machine tool vibration according to an embodiment of the present invention
- 8 is a perspective view illustrating a cover part of an abatement device
- FIGS. 8 to 11 are flowcharts of a machine tool vibration reduction device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the machine tool vibration reduction device As shown in Figure 1 to 2, the machine tool vibration reduction device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a tool holder 100, the sensor unit 200, the excitation unit 300 and the control unit 400 It is done.
- the tool holder 100 is provided in the machine tool to fix the cutting tool 10.
- the sensor unit 200 is fixed to the tool holder 100 to sense the vibration of the cutting tool 10.
- the sensor unit 200 is configured to include at least one acceleration sensor for measuring the frequency and wave velocity of the vibration generated during cutting, characterized in that the communication by at least one method selected from wired and wireless.
- two sensors are provided so that one sensor can communicate by wire to the primary sensor and the other sensor can be wirelessly communicated to the secondary sensor so that the signal from the primary sensor is problematic (unstable power noise, etc.). You can be prepared in case.
- the excitation part 300 is fixed to the tool holder 100 to apply vibration to the cutting tool 10.
- the controller 400 is connected to the sensor unit 200 and the excitation unit 300 to control the excitation unit 300 by using the information sensed by the sensor unit 200.
- the excitation unit 300 is connected to the tool holder 100, and the control unit 400 is connected to the tool holder 100.
- the attached sensor unit 200 By using the attached sensor unit 200, by applying a frequency for predicting the vibration magnitude of the vibration source and removing it to the excitation unit 300 in the predicted amplitude, it is possible to reduce the externally generated vibration.
- the tool holder 100 includes a tool holder frame part 110, a cutting tool fixing part 120, and a tool holder fixing part. It may be characterized by including the 130.
- the tool holder frame part 110 forms a base for fixing the cutting tool 10 and may be, for example, similar to a frame of a tool post of a lathe.
- the cutting tool fixing part 120 is provided at one side of the tool holder frame part 110 to fix the cutting tool 10.
- the tool holder 100 may be a fixing bolt for fixing a cutting tool.
- the tool holder fixing part 130 is provided at one side of the tool holder frame part 110 to fix the tool holder 100.
- the tool holder 100 has a shape similar to a tool post of a lathe, the tool holder may be rotated 360 degrees when the tool holder fixing part is opened, and the tool holder may be fixed when the tool holder fixing part is locked.
- the excitation unit 300 is characterized in that it comprises a vibrator fixing unit 310 and the piezo excitation unit 320 You can do
- the exciter fixing part 310 is fixed in close contact with the tool holder 100.
- the vibration applied to the vibrator 300 is fixed to the tool holder 100 so that there is no shaking due to the vibration. Make sure the delivery rate is high.
- Piezo excitation unit 320 is in contact with the cutting tool 10, the excitation in accordance with the vibration detected from the sensor unit 200.
- Piezoelectric actuators are piezoelectric materials, and piezoelectric materials are mainly used as actuators that apply the expansion and contraction of materials by piezoelectric or electrostrictive effects.
- a piezoelectric material used for the actuator a material having a large field organic deformation is advantageous, and a solid solution of perovskite crystal is suitable for this purpose.
- the excitation part 300 is interposed between the tool holder 100 and the piezo excitation part 320 to adjust the preload of the piezo excitation part 300. It may be characterized in that it further comprises an adjustment unit 330. At this time, the range of preload that can be adjusted by adjusting the tool holder fixing part 130 may be about 0 to about 10 mm.
- the apparatus for reducing vibration of a machine tool is provided outside the tool holder 100 in a form surrounding the tool holder 100 and is a cutting chip generated during cutting.
- the cover unit 140 may be configured to further protect the excitation unit 300 from the cutting oil. Cutting chips are generated during cutting operations in machine tools and coolant is used to facilitate cutting operations.
- the cover part 140 may be further provided as a protective means for protecting the excitation part 300 therefrom. It can be configured to include.
- control unit 400 may be configured to include a signal processing unit 410 and the excitation control unit 420.
- the signal processor 410 is connected to the sensor unit 200 to measure the vibration frequency and the wave velocity of the sensor unit 200 by using the signal obtained by the sensor unit 200 and the Estimate the excitation frequency vibrations.
- the signal processor 410 measures the main frequency and phase change of the vibration signal input from the sensor unit 200 to derive the wave velocity, and measures the amount of attenuation in the medium of the vibration signal to measure the actual vibration amplitude of the vibration source. It may be characterized in that for estimating the amplitude to be excited to the excitation unit 300.
- the excitation control unit 420 is connected to the signal processing unit 410 and the excitation unit 300, respectively, and receives the vibration estimated by the signal processing unit to control the excitation unit. At this time, the excitation control unit 420 controls the excitation unit 300 by the vibration estimated by the signal processing unit 410, by measuring the vibration peak reduced by the excitation unit 300 receives the result feedback In order to monitor the change in the vibration and to reduce the generated vibration, it may be characterized by controlling the excitation unit 300 while changing the phase of the excitation frequency. In this case, a band-pass filter may be used to measure the vibration peak reduced by the excitation control unit 420.
- the band pass filter refers to a filter that passes only a limited frequency band centered on a certain frequency, and is also called a band pass filter.
- the first natural frequency generated in the boring bar during the boring process in a boring lathe machine can be confirmed with an instrument such as an oscilloscope (predicted by a disturbance tester or ANSYS analysis).
- an oscilloscope predicted by a disturbance tester or ANSYS analysis.
- noise areas are generated during actual machining, and bandpass filter band setting to remove these unnecessary data area bands (noise) leaves only the necessary area. You can filter to get only the data.
- the method for reducing vibration of a machine tool includes a tool holder 100, a sensor unit 200, an excitation unit 300, and a control unit 400.
- Machine vibration reduction method using a mechanical vibration reduction device characterized in that comprises a signal input step (S10), vibration estimation step (S20) and the excitation part control step (S30).
- Signal input step (S10) receives a vibration signal from the sensor unit 200.
- the vibration magnitude of the vibration received from the sensor unit 200 is estimated using the signal input in the signal input step S10.
- the excitation part control step S30 controls the excitation part 300 by using the magnitude of the vibration estimated in the vibration estimation step S20.
- control unit 400 receives the vibration signal from the sensor unit 200 and estimates the vibration magnitude of the vibration source and applies the frequency to the vibration unit 300 to remove the vibration of the vibration source using the vibration signal. By vibrating, vibration generated in the tool holder 100 of the machine tool can be reduced.
- the vibration estimation step S20 includes a signal amplification step S21, a voltage signal acquisition step S22, and a Fourier transform step S23. And it may be characterized in that it comprises a vibration size acquisition step (S24).
- the signal amplifying step S21 amplifies the signal received in the signal input step S10 with an amplifier.
- the signal amplified in the signal amplification step S21 is acquired as a voltage V signal corresponding to the time domain T.
- Fourier transform step S23 performs fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the voltage signal acquired in the voltage signal acquisition step S22 to a vibration level (magnitude of force).
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- an amplitude corresponding to the frequency domain is obtained using the information transformed in the Fourier transform step S23.
- control unit 400 amplifies a signal received from the sensor unit 200 with the vibration signal by an amplifier and acquires the amplified signal as a voltage (V) signal corresponding to the time domain (T).
- V voltage
- T time domain
- a signal may be transformed into a vibration level (a magnitude of force) by fast Fourier transform (FFT), and an amplitude corresponding to a frequency domain may be obtained.
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- the vibration magnitude obtaining step S24 includes a frequency and wave velocity estimating step S25 for estimating a main frequency and a wave speed using the signal obtained from the Fourier transform step S23, and the vibration signal. It may be characterized in that it comprises an amplitude determination step (S26) of determining the amplitude to be excited by measuring the amount of attenuation in the medium of the vibration source to estimate the actual vibration amplitude.
- S26 amplitude determination step
- the vibration control unit 30 controls the vibration unit 300 after the vibration control unit 30. It may be characterized in that it further comprises a feedback control step (S40) for monitoring and compensating for the reduced vibration.
- the feedback control step (S40) is a vibration peak measurement step 41 for measuring the vibration peak reduced by the excitation unit 300, the vibration peak measured in the vibration peak measurement step (S41) feedback and vibrate And a compensation control step (S43) for controlling the excitation unit 300 while changing the phase of the excitation frequency using the monitoring step (S42) for monitoring the change of the step and the information monitored in the monitoring step (S42). It may be characterized by.
- tool holder 110 tool holder frame portion
- control unit 410 signal processing unit
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 공작기계에 구비되어 절삭공구(10)를 고정하는 툴홀더(100);상기 툴홀더(100)에 고정되어 상기 절삭공구(10)의 진동을 센싱하는 센서부(200);상기 툴홀더(100)에 고정되어 상기 절삭공구(10)에 진동을 인가하는 가진부(300); 및상기 센서부(200) 및 가진부(300)와 연결되어 상기 센서부(200)에 의해 센싱된 정보를 이용하여 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하는 제어부(400);를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 툴홀더(100)는툴홀더 프레임부(110);상기 툴홀더 프레임부(110)의 일 측에 구비되어 상기 절삭공구(10)를 고정하는 절삭공구 고정부(120); 및상기 툴홀더 프레임부(110)의 일 측에 구비되어 상기 툴홀더(100)를 고정하는 툴홀더 고정부(130);를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 가진부(300)는상기 툴홀더(100)에 밀착하여 고정되는 가진기 고정부(310); 및상기 절삭공구(10)와 접촉되며, 상기 센서부(200)로부터 감지된 진동에 따라 가진하는 피에죠 가진부(320);를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 가진부(300)는상기 툴홀더(100)와 상기 피에죠 가진부(320) 사이에 개재되어 상기 피에죠 가진부(300)의 예압을 조정하는 예압조정부(330);를 더 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 공작기계 진동 저감 장치는상기 툴홀더(100)를 둘러싸는 형태로 상기 툴홀더(100) 외부에 구비되는 커버부(140);를 더 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 센서부(200)는적어도 하나의 가속도 센서를 포함하여 구성되며 유선 및 무선 중 선택되는 적어도 어느 하나의 방법으로 통신하는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제어부(400)는상기 센서부(200)와 연결되어 상기 센서부(200)에 의해 획득된 신호를 이용하여 상기 센서부(200)의 진동주파수 및 파속을 측정하고 상기 가진부(300)의 가진주파수 진동을 추정하는 신호처리부(410); 및상기 신호처리부(410) 및 상기 가진부(300)와 각각 연결되어 상기 신호처리부에서 추정된 진동을 입력받아 상기 가진부를 제어하는 가진제어부(420);를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 신호처리부(410)는상기 센서부(200)로부터 입력된 진동신호의 메인 주파수와 위상변화를 측정하여 파속을 도출하고, 상기 진동신호의 매질 내 감쇠량을 측정하여 진동원의 실제 진동진폭을 예측하며, 상기 가진부(300)에 가진 할 진폭을 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 가진제어부(420)는상기 신호처리부(410)에서 추정된 진동으로 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하며, 상기 가진부(300)에 의해 저감된 진동 피크를 측정하여 그 결과를 피드백 받아 진동의 변화를 모니터링하고, 발생된 진동을 저감하기 위해 가진주파수의 위상을 변화시키면서 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치.
- 툴홀더(100), 센서부(200), 가진부(300) 및 제어부(400)를 포함하여 구성되는 공작기계 진동 저감 장치를 이용한 공작기계 진동 저감 방법에 있어서,상기 센서부(200)로부터 진동 신호를 입력받는 신호입력 단계(S10);상기 신호입력 단계(S10)에서 입력받은 신호를 이용하여 상기 센서부(200)로부터 입력받은 진동의 진동 크기를 추정하는 진동추정 단계(S20); 및상기 진동추정 단계(S20)에서 추정된 진동의 크기를 이용하여 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하는 가진부 제어 단계(S30);를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 진동추정 단계(S20)는상기 신호입력 단계(S10)에서 입력받은 신호를 앰프로 증폭시키는 신호증폭 단계(S21);상기 신호증폭 단계(S21)에서 증폭된 신호를 타임도메인(T)에 해당되는 전압(V)신호로 취득하는 전압신호 취득 단계(S22);상기 전압신호 취득 단계(S22)에서 취득된 전압신호를 진동레벨(힘의 크기)로 변환하기 위하여 고속푸리에변환(FFT)하는 푸리에변환 단계(S23); 및상기 푸리에변환 단계(S23)에서 변환된 정보를 이용하여 주파수 도메인(Frequence)에 해당하는 진동크기(Amplitude)를 획득하는 진동크기 획득 단계(S24);를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 진동크기 획득 단계(S24)는상기 푸리에변환 단계(S23)로부터 획득된 신호를 이용하여 메인 주파수 및 파속을 추정하는 주파수 및 파속 추정 단계(S25); 및상기 진동신호의 매질 내 감쇠량을 측정하여 진동원의 실제 진동진폭을 예측하여 가진 할 진폭을 결정하는 진폭 결정 단계(S26);를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 가진부 제어 단계(S30) 이후에상기 가진부 제어단계(30)에서 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하여 저감된 진동을 모니터링 하여 보상 제어하는 피드백 제어 단계(S40);를 더 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 피드백 제어 단계(S40)는상기 가진부(300)에 의해 저감된 진동 피크를 측정하는 진동피크 측정 단계(41);상기 진동피크 측정 단계(S41)에서 측정된 진동피크를 피드백 받아 진동의 변화를 모니터링 하는 모니터링 단계(S42); 및상기 모니터링 단계(S42)에서 모니터링한 정보를 이용하여 가진주파수의 위상을 변화시키면서 상기 가진부(300)를 제어하는 보상제어 단계(S43);를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 공작기계 진동 저감 방법.
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