WO2014024648A1 - 液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶組成物および液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014024648A1 WO2014024648A1 PCT/JP2013/069354 JP2013069354W WO2014024648A1 WO 2014024648 A1 WO2014024648 A1 WO 2014024648A1 JP 2013069354 W JP2013069354 W JP 2013069354W WO 2014024648 A1 WO2014024648 A1 WO 2014024648A1
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- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/56—Aligning agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/123—Ph-Ph-Ph
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- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound that is polymerized by light or heat, for example. Further, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element in which the liquid crystal composition is sealed between substrates and a polymerizable compound contained in the liquid crystal composition is polymerized while adjusting a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer to fix the alignment of the liquid crystal.
- the technical field of the present invention mainly relates to a liquid crystal composition suitable for an AM (active matrix) device and the like, and an AM device containing the composition.
- liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy, an IPS (in-plane switching) mode, an FFS (fringe field switching) mode, a VA (vertical alignment) mode, a PSA (polymer sustained alignment) containing the composition. ) Mode or FPA (field induced photo-reactive alignment) mode element.
- the VA mode includes an MVA (multi-domain vertical alignment) mode, a PVA (patterned vertical alignment) mode, and the like.
- the classification based on the operation mode of the liquid crystal includes PC (phase change), TN (twisted nematic), STN (super twisted nematic), ECB (electrically controlled birefringence), OCB (optically compensated bend), IPS ( in-plane switching, FFS (fringe field switching), VA (vertical alignment), PSA (polymer sustained alignment), FPA (field induced photo-reactive alignment) mode, and the like.
- the classification based on the element drive system is PM (passive matrix) and AM (active matrix). PM is classified into static and multiplex, and AM is classified into TFT (thin film insulator), MIM (metal insulator metal), and the like.
- TFTs are classified into amorphous silicon and polycrystalline silicon.
- the latter is classified into a high temperature type and a low temperature type according to the manufacturing process.
- the classification based on the light source includes a reflection type using natural light, a transmission type using backlight, and a semi-transmission type using both natural light and backlight.
- the elements contain a liquid crystal composition having appropriate characteristics.
- This liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase.
- the general characteristics of the composition are improved.
- the relationships in the two general characteristics are summarized in Table 1 below.
- the general characteristics of the composition will be further described based on a commercially available AM device.
- the temperature range of the nematic phase is related to the temperature range in which the device can be used.
- a preferred upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is about 70 ° C. or more, and a preferred lower limit temperature of the nematic phase is about ⁇ 10 ° C. or less.
- the viscosity of the composition is related to the response time of the device. A short response time is preferred for displaying moving images on the device. Therefore, a small viscosity in the composition is preferred. Small viscosities at low temperatures are more preferred.
- the optical anisotropy of the composition is related to the contrast ratio of the device.
- the product ( ⁇ n ⁇ d) of the optical anisotropy ( ⁇ n) of the composition and the cell gap (d) of the device is designed to maximize the contrast ratio.
- the appropriate product value depends on the type of operation mode.
- the range is about 0.30 ⁇ m to about 0.40 ⁇ m for the VA mode or PSA mode device, and the range is about 0.20 ⁇ m to about 0.30 ⁇ m for the IPS mode device. In this case, a composition having a large optical anisotropy is preferable for a device having a small cell gap.
- the dielectric anisotropy having a large absolute value in the composition contributes to a low threshold voltage, a small power consumption and a large contrast ratio in the device. Therefore, a dielectric anisotropy having a large absolute value is preferable.
- a large specific resistance in the composition contributes to a large voltage holding ratio and a large contrast ratio in the device. Therefore, a composition having a large specific resistance not only at room temperature but also at a high temperature in the initial stage is preferable.
- a composition having a large specific resistance not only at room temperature but also at a high temperature after being used for a long time is preferable.
- the stability of the composition against ultraviolet rays and heat is related to the lifetime of the liquid crystal display device. When their stability is high, the lifetime of the device is long. Such characteristics are preferable for an AM device used in a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television, and the like.
- a composition having a positive dielectric anisotropy is used for an AM device having a TN mode.
- a composition having negative dielectric anisotropy is used for an AM device having a VA mode.
- a composition having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is used in an AM device having an IPS mode or an FFS mode.
- a composition having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is used in an AM device having a PSA mode or an FPA mode.
- Examples of liquid crystal compositions having negative dielectric anisotropy are disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 to 5, and the like.
- Desirable AM elements have characteristics such as a wide usable temperature range, a short response time, a large contrast ratio, a low threshold voltage, a large voltage holding ratio, and a long lifetime. A shorter response time is desirable even at 1 millisecond. Therefore, desirable properties of the composition include a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large positive or negative dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, and a high resistance to ultraviolet light. High stability, high heat stability, etc.
- a small amount for example, about 0.3 wt% to about 1 wt%) of a polymerizable compound is added to the liquid crystal composition, and after introduction into the liquid crystal display cell, a voltage is applied between the electrodes.
- the polymerizable compound is polymerized usually under UV irradiation to form a polymer structure in the device. It is known that a polymerizable mesogenic or liquid crystal compound is suitable as the polymerizable compound.
- One object of the present invention is to contain a polymerizable compound and have a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a large
- the liquid crystal composition satisfies at least one of characteristics such as specific resistance, high stability to ultraviolet rays, and high stability to heat.
- Another object is a liquid crystal composition having an appropriate balance regarding at least two properties.
- Another object is a liquid crystal display device containing such a composition.
- Another object is a composition having a small optical anisotropy, or a suitable optical anisotropy that is a large optical anisotropy, a negative large dielectric anisotropy, a high stability to ultraviolet light, and the like, and a liquid crystal
- the AM device has a short response time, a large pretilt angle, a small image sticking rate, a low concentration of the remaining polymerizable compound, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long lifetime, etc. is there.
- At least one compound selected from the group of compounds containing three or more polymerizable groups as the first component and at least one selected from the group of compounds containing one or two polymerizable groups as the second component A liquid crystal composition containing two compounds and having a nematic phase, and a liquid crystal display device containing the composition.
- the present inventors pay attention to the skeletal structure of a polymerizable compound for a liquid crystal display element to which PSA technology is applied, and can be polymerized into at least one compound containing three or more polymerizable groups in the ring structure.
- the reactivity and the pretilt angle are improved or optimized, and the PSA effect is efficiently expressed to align liquid crystal molecules. I found that my ability was high.
- the present invention is particularly effective in improving the performance of a VA liquid crystal display element to which the PSA technology is applied.
- a VA type element using PSA technology prepares two substrates provided with a transparent electrode and an alignment control film for aligning liquid crystal molecules, and arranges a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound between these substrates, It is a liquid crystal display device manufactured through a process of polymerizing a polymerizable compound while applying a voltage between opposing transparent electrodes of these substrates.
- the present invention can shorten the response time and improve the degree of image sticking.
- the polymerizable compound of the present invention it becomes possible to deal with a wide range of cell manufacturing processes, improve display defects such as unevenness due to the manufacturing process and lower contrast ratio, and manufacture high-quality liquid crystal display elements. It became possible.
- the advantage of the present invention is high stability against ultraviolet rays or heat for a polymer of a polymerizable mesogenic or liquid crystalline compound.
- Other advantages of the present invention are a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, and a high stability to ultraviolet rays.
- the liquid crystal composition satisfies at least one characteristic in characteristics such as high stability to heat.
- One aspect of the present invention is a liquid crystal composition having an appropriate balance regarding at least two properties. Another aspect is a liquid crystal display device containing such a composition.
- Another aspect is a polymerizable compound having high stability to ultraviolet light or heat, a composition having appropriate optical anisotropy, negatively large dielectric anisotropy, high stability to ultraviolet light, and the like, and short
- the AM device has a response time, a large pretilt angle, a small image sticking ratio, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long lifetime, and the like.
- a liquid crystal composition or a liquid crystal display device may be abbreviated as “composition” or “device”, respectively.
- “Liquid crystal display element” is a general term for liquid crystal display panels and liquid crystal display modules.
- a compound having a polymerizable group may be abbreviated as “polymerizable compound” or “polymerizable compound”.
- “Liquid crystal compound” means a compound having a liquid crystal phase such as a nematic phase or a smectic phase, or a compound having no liquid crystal phase but useful as a component of a composition.
- This useful compound has a six-membered ring such as 1,4-cyclohexylene and 1,4-phenylene, and its molecular structure is rod-like. Optically active compounds and polymerizable compounds may be added to the composition. Even if these compounds are liquid crystal compounds, they are classified as additives here.
- At least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1) may be abbreviated as “compound (1)”.
- “Compound (1)” means one compound or two or more compounds represented by formula (1). The same applies to compounds represented by other formulas.
- At least one group selected from the group of groups represented by formula (P-1) may be abbreviated as “group (P-1)”.
- group (P-1) The same applies to groups represented by other formulas.
- the expression “at least one“ A ”may be replaced by“ B ”” means that when “A” is one, the position of “A” is arbitrary, and the number of “A” is two or more. This also means that their positions can be freely selected without restriction.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “upper limit temperature”.
- the lower limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “lower limit temperature”.
- “High specific resistance” means that the composition has a large specific resistance not only at room temperature in the initial stage but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase. It means having a large specific resistance even at a close temperature.
- “High voltage holding ratio” means that the device has a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature in the initial stage but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase. It means having a large voltage holding ratio even at a temperature close to.
- the first component is one compound or two or more compounds.
- the “ratio of the first component” is represented by the weight ratio (parts by weight) of the first component when the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component is 100.
- the second component is one compound or two or more compounds.
- the “ratio of the second component” is expressed as a weight ratio (parts by weight) of the second component when the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component is 100.
- the “ratio of the third component” is expressed as a weight percentage (% by weight) of the third component based on the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component.
- ratio of the fourth component is the same as the “ratio of the third component”.
- the ratio of the additive mixed with the composition is expressed in terms of weight percentage (% by weight) or weight parts per million (ppm) based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
- R 5 is used for a plurality of compounds.
- the two end groups represented by any two R 5 may be the same or different.
- R 5 of the compound (3) is ethyl
- R 5 of compound (3) is ethyl
- R 5 of compound (3-1) is propyl. This rule also applies to symbols such as R 6 and P 3 .
- the present invention includes the following items. 1. At least one compound selected from the group of compounds containing three or more polymerizable groups as the first component and selected from the group of compounds containing one and two polymerizable groups as the second component A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound and having a nematic phase.
- R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , and P 4 are independently in formula (P-1), formula (P-2), and formula (P-3) A group selected from the group represented;
- M 1 and M 2 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, or —CF 3 ;
- n 1 is 1 , 2, 3, or 4;
- Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 , and Sp 4 are each independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one hydrogen of the alkylene may be replaced by halogen or —C ⁇ N Well, at least one —CH 2 — is replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O—.
- At least one —CH 2 —CH 2 — may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—;
- Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 4 are independently A single bond, ethylene, methyleneoxy, or carbonyloxy;
- R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or at least, 1 to 10 carbon atoms in which one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine;
- R 4 is a group selected from the group represented by formula (R-1);
- V 1 is independently halogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons in which at least
- Item 3 The liquid crystal composition according to item 1 or 2, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1-1) to formula (1-5) as a first component.
- R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine;
- P 1 and P 3 2 is independently a group selected from the groups represented by formula (P-1), formula (P-2), and formula (P-3);
- M 1 and M 2 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, or —CF 3 ;
- n 1 is 1 , 2, 3, or 4;
- Sp 1 and Sp 2 are independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of the alkylene may be replaced by halogen or —C ⁇ N, and at least one —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —
- Item 3 The liquid crystal composition according to item 1 or 2, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1-6) as a first component.
- P 1 and P 2 are independently a group selected from the groups represented by formula (P-1), formula (P-2), and formula (P-3);
- M 1 and M 2 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, or —CF 3 ;
- n 1 is 1 , 2, 3, or 4;
- Sp 1 and Sp 2 are independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of the alkylene may be replaced by halogen or —C ⁇ N, and at least one —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O—, and at least 1 Two —CH 2 —CH 2 — may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C
- Item 5 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 4, comprising as a first component at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1-1) according to item 3.
- Item 6 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 5, which contains at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1-2) according to item 3 as a first component.
- Item 7 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 6, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (2-1) to (2-22) as a second component: .
- R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- P 3 and P 4 are independently selected from groups represented by formula (P-1), formula (P-2), and formula (P-3) A group;
- M 1 and M 2 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, or —CF 3 ;
- n 1 is 1 , 2, 3, or 4;
- Sp 3 and Sp 4 are independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen of the alkylene may be replaced by halogen or —C ⁇ N, and at least one —CH 2 — may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O—, and at least 1
- Two —CH 2 —CH 2 — may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—; when P 3 is a group represented by the formula (P-2), Sp 3 is It has -O-.
- Item 8 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 7, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (2-1) according to item 7 as the second component.
- Item 9 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 8, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (2-2) according to item 7 as the second component.
- Item 10 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 9, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (2-3) according to item 7 as the second component.
- Item 11 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 10, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (2-18) according to item 7 as a second component.
- Item 13 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 12, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3) as a third component.
- R 5 and R 6 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons
- G and ring J are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,4-phenylene, or 1,4-phenylene in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine Ring I is 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-chloro-3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 3 , 4,5-trifluoronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl;
- Item 14 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 13, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (3-1) to (3-19) as a third component: .
- R 5 and R 6 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons.
- Item 15 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 14, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3-4) according to item 14 as a third component.
- Item 16 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 15, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3-6) according to item 14 as a third component.
- Item 17 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 16, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3-8) according to item 14 as a third component.
- Item 18 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 17, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3-11) according to item 14 as a third component.
- Item 19 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 13 to 18, wherein the ratio of the third component is in the range of 10% by weight to 90% by weight based on the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component. .
- Item 20 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 19, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (4) as a fourth component.
- R 7 and R 8 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine.
- Ring K, Ring L, and Ring M are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3-fluoro -1,4-phenylene;
- Z 7 and Z 8 are independently a single bond, ethylene, methyleneoxy, or carbonyloxy; u is 0, 1, or 2.
- Item 21 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 20, comprising at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas (4-1) to (4-13) as a fourth component: .
- R 7 and R 8 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. 2 to 12 alkenyl.
- Item 22 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 21, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (4-1) of item 21 as a fourth component.
- Item 23 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 22, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (4-5) of item 21 as a fourth component.
- Item 24 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 20 to 23, wherein the ratio of the fourth component is in the range of 10% by weight to 90% by weight based on the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component. .
- Item 25 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 24, wherein the weight ratio of the first component to the second component is in the range of 9: 1 to 2: 8.
- Item 26 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 25, further containing a polymerization initiator.
- Item 27 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 26, further comprising a polymerization inhibitor.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase is 70 ° C. or higher, the optical anisotropy at a wavelength of 589 nm measured at 25 ° C. is 0.08 or higher, and the dielectric anisotropy at a frequency of 1 kHz measured at 25 ° C. is ⁇ 2 or lower.
- Item 28 The liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 28 is arranged between two substrates each having an electrode layer on at least one substrate, and polymerization is possible in the liquid crystal composition.
- Item 30 The liquid crystal display element according to item 29, wherein the operation mode of the liquid crystal display element is a VA mode, an IPS mode, an FFS mode, or an FPA mode, and the driving method of the liquid crystal display element is an active matrix method.
- a compound having a polymerizable group by irradiating the liquid crystal composition according to any one of items 1 to 28 with the liquid crystal display element according to item 29 disposed between two substrates in a voltage-applied state.
- the present invention includes the following items. 1) The above composition further containing an optically active compound, 2) the above composition further containing an additive such as an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and an antifoaming agent, and 3) the above composition.
- AM device 4) a device containing the above composition and having a mode of TN, ECB, OCB, IPS, FFS, VA, PSA, or FPA, 5) a transmissive device containing the above composition, 6) Use of the above composition as a composition having a nematic phase, 7) Use of the above composition as an optically active composition by adding an optically active compound to the above composition.
- composition of the present invention will be described in the following order. First, the constitution of component compounds in the composition will be described. Second, the main characteristics of the component compounds and the main effects of the compounds on the composition will be explained. Third, the combination of components in the composition, the preferred ratio of the components, and the basis thereof will be described. Fourth, a preferred form of the component compound will be described. Fifth, specific examples of component compounds are shown. Sixth, additives that may be mixed into the composition will be described. Seventh, a method for synthesizing the component compounds will be described. Finally, the use of the composition will be described.
- the composition of the component compounds in the composition will be described.
- the composition of the present invention is classified into Composition A and Composition B.
- the composition A further contains other liquid crystalline compounds, additives, impurities, etc. in addition to the liquid crystalline compounds selected from the compound (1), the compound (2), the compound (3), and the compound (4). May be.
- the “other liquid crystal compound” is a liquid crystal compound different from the compound (1), the compound (2), the compound (3), and the compound (4). Such compounds are mixed into the composition for the purpose of further adjusting the properties.
- a smaller amount of cyano compound is preferable from the viewpoint of stability to heat or ultraviolet light.
- a more desirable ratio of the cyano compound is 0% by weight.
- Additives include optically active compounds, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antifoaming agents, polymerization initiators, and the like. Impurities are compounds mixed in a process such as synthesis of component compounds. Even if this compound is a liquid crystal compound, it is classified as an impurity here.
- Composition B consists essentially of compound (1), compound (2), compound (3), and compound (4). “Substantially” means that the composition may contain additives and impurities, but does not contain a liquid crystal compound different from these compounds. Composition B has fewer components than composition A. From the viewpoint of reducing the cost, the composition B is preferable to the composition A. The composition A is preferable to the composition B from the viewpoint that the characteristics can be further adjusted by mixing other liquid crystal compounds.
- the main characteristics of the component compounds and the main effects of the compounds on the characteristics of the composition will be explained.
- the main characteristics of the component compounds are summarized in Table 2 based on the effects of the present invention.
- L means large or high
- M means moderate
- S means small or low.
- L, M, and S are classifications based on a qualitative comparison among the component compounds, and 0 (zero) means that the value is close to zero.
- Compound (3) increases the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy and decreases the minimum temperature.
- Compound (4) decreases the viscosity or increases the maximum temperature and decreases the minimum temperature.
- first component + second component first component + second component + third component
- first component + second component + fourth component first component + second component + Third component + fourth component
- the combined ratio of the first component and the second component preferably about 0.03 part by weight or more for aligning liquid crystal molecules with respect to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component. And about 10 parts by weight or less in order to prevent display defects. More preferably, it is in the range of about 0.1 parts by weight to about 2 parts by weight.
- the preferred weight ratio of the first component to the second component is in the range of 9: 1 to 2: 8 in order to align the liquid crystal molecules.
- a more preferred weight ratio is in the range of 9: 1 to 3: 7.
- a particularly preferred weight ratio is in the range of 8: 2 to 4: 6.
- a desirable ratio of the third component is approximately 10% by weight or more for increasing the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy based on the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component, and for decreasing the minimum temperature. About 90% by weight or less. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 20% by weight to approximately 80% by weight. A particularly desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 30% by weight to approximately 70% by weight.
- a desirable ratio of the fourth component is approximately 10% by weight or more for decreasing the viscosity or increasing the maximum temperature based on the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component, In order to increase the absolute value, it is about 90% by weight or less.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 20% by weight to approximately 80% by weight.
- a particularly desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 30% by weight to approximately 70% by weight.
- R 1 is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine, or- Sp 4 -P 4 .
- Desirable R 1 is -Sp 4 -P 4 for increasing the reactivity.
- R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. Desirable R 2 or R 3 is hydrogen, fluorine, or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons for increasing the photoreactivity.
- R 4 is a group selected from the group of groups represented by formula (R-1). The wavy line in the formula (R-1) indicates a site bonded as a group.
- V 1 is halogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine
- r is 2, 3, or 4 Any two of V 1 may be the same or different.
- Preferred V 1 is fluorine or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons.
- q is an integer from 1 to 8.
- Preferred q is 1 or 2 for increasing the photoreactivity.
- r is an integer from 0 to 4. Desirable r is an integer of 0 to 2 for increasing photoreactivity. Further preferred r is 0.
- R 5 and R 6 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons. Desirable R 5 or R 6 is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the stability to ultraviolet light or the like, or increasing the stability to heat, and carbon for increasing the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy. The number 1 to 12 alkoxy. R 7 and R 8 are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons, or 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. Of alkenyl. Desirable R 7 or R 8 is alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons for decreasing the viscosity, and alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons for increasing the stability to ultraviolet light or the stability to heat. is there.
- Preferred alkyl is methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl or octyl. More desirable alkyl is ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or heptyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkoxy is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, or heptyloxy. More desirable alkoxy is methoxy or ethoxy for decreasing the viscosity.
- Preferred alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, or 5-hexenyl. More desirable alkenyl is vinyl, 1-propenyl, 3-butenyl, or 3-pentenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- the preferred configuration of —CH ⁇ CH— in these alkenyls depends on the position of the double bond.
- Trans is preferable in alkenyl such as 1-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 1-pentenyl, 1-hexenyl, 3-pentenyl and 3-hexenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Cis is preferred for alkenyl such as 2-butenyl, 2-pentenyl, and 2-hexenyl.
- linear alkenyl is preferable to branched.
- alkenyl in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine are 2,2-difluorovinyl, 3,3-difluoro-2-propenyl, 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl, 5,5-difluoro-4 -Pentenyl, and 6,6-difluoro-5-hexenyl. Further preferred examples are 2,2-difluorovinyl and 4,4-difluoro-3-butenyl for decreasing the viscosity.
- Alkyl does not include cyclic alkyl.
- Alkoxy does not include cyclic alkoxy.
- Alkenyl does not include cyclic alkenyl.
- trans is preferable to cis for increasing the maximum temperature.
- P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , and P 4 are each independently a group selected from the groups represented by formula (P-1), formula (P-2), and formula (P-3); Any two P 1 when k is 2 or 3 may be the same or different, and any two P 2 when n is 2 or 3 are the same or different May be.
- the wavy lines in the formula (P-1), the formula (P-2), and the formula (P-3) indicate a site bonded as a group.
- M 1 and M 2 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, methyl, or —CF 3 .
- Preferred M 1 or M 2 is hydrogen or methyl for increasing the reactivity. More preferred M 1 is methyl, and more preferred M 2 is hydrogen.
- n 1 is 1 , 2, 3, or 4. Desirable n 1 is 1 or 2 for increasing the reactivity. Further preferred n 1 is 1.
- Desirable P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , or P 4 is a group (P-1) for increasing the reactivity or for shortening the response time, and for increasing the solubility in the liquid crystal composition ( P-2).
- Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 , and Sp 4 are each independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one hydrogen of the alkylene may be replaced by halogen or —C ⁇ N Well, at least one —CH 2 — is replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O—. And at least one —CH 2 —CH 2 — may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—. Even if hydrogen is replaced by —C ⁇ N, the number of carbon atoms as the replaced alkylene is preferably up to 12.
- any two Sp 1 when k is 2 or 3 may be the same or different, and any two Sp 2 when n is 2 or 3 are the same or different May be.
- Preferred Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 , or Sp 4 is a single bond for increasing photoreactivity.
- P 1 and P 2 are both groups represented by the formula (P-2)
- at least one of Sp 1 and Sp 2 has —O—.
- P 3 is a group represented by the formula (P-2)
- Sp 3 has —O—.
- —O— means —O—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O— oxygen.
- Ring A is hydrogen P 1 -Sp 1 - cyclohexyl replaced optionally may be 1-cyclopropyl, the hydrogen P 1 -Sp 1 - may be replaced by 1-phenyl or hydrogen P 1, - 2-naphthyl optionally substituted by Sp 1- .
- Preferred ring A is 1-phenyl in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced with P 1 -Sp 1 —, 1-phenyl in which the hydrogen at position 3 and 4 is replaced with P 1 -Sp 1 —, or the 3-position the hydrogen in position 5 has P 1 -Sp 1 - 1-phenyl which is replaced by.
- Ring C is hydrogen -Sp 2 -P cyclohexyl 2 in the replaced even if it 1-cyclopropyl, hydrogen -Sp 2 -P may be replaced by 1- phenyl or hydrogen, -Sp 2 2 -naphthyl optionally substituted by -P2.
- Preferred ring C is 1-phenyl in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced with —Sp 2 —P 2 , 1-phenyl in which the hydrogen at position 4 and 4 is replaced with —Sp 2 —P 2 , or 5-position hydrogen is 1-phenyl substituted with -Sp 2 -P 2 .
- Ring D and Ring F are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4- Phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 3-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2-trifluoromethyl-1,4-phenylene, or 3-tri Fluoromethyl-1,4-phenylene.
- Preferred ring D or ring F is 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1, 4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene and 3-methyl-1,4-phenylene.
- Particularly preferred ring D or ring F is 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene.
- Ring B and ring E are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, , 3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 3-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 2-trifluoromethyl-1 , 4-phenylene, or 3-trifluoromethyl-1,4-phenylene, and when m is 2, the two rings B may be the same or different, and when p is 2, Two rings E may be the same or different.
- Preferred ring B or ring E is 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,6- Difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene, or 3-methyl-1,4-phenylene.
- Particularly preferred ring B or ring E is 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene.
- Ring G and Ring J are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,4-phenylene, or 1,4-wherein at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine.
- phenylene and s is 2 or 3
- any two rings G may be the same or different.
- Preferred ring G or ring J is 1,4-cyclohexylene for decreasing the viscosity, and tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl for increasing the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy. 1,4-phenylene for raising.
- Ring I includes 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-chloro-3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 3,4, 5-trifluoronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl.
- Preferred ring I is 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene for decreasing the viscosity, and 2-chloro-3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene for decreasing the optical anisotropy.
- Ring K, Ring L, and Ring M are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene.
- U is 2, the two rings K may be the same or different.
- Desirable ring K, ring L, or ring M is 1,4-cyclohexylene for decreasing the viscosity or increasing the maximum temperature, and 1,4-phenylene for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z 4 are independently a single bond, ethylene, methyleneoxy, or carbonyloxy, and when m is 2, the two Z 2 may be the same or different. , P is 2, the two Z 4 may be the same or different. Desirable Z 1 , Z 2 or Z 4 is a single bond for increasing the reactivity.
- Z 3 is —CO—CR 2 ⁇ CR 3 —, —CR 2 ⁇ CR 3 —, or —C ( ⁇ R 4) in order to increase the polymerization reactivity of the polymerizable compound and shorten the response time of the device.
- Z 5 and Z 6 are independently a single bond, ethylene, methyleneoxy, or carbonyloxy; when s is 2 or 3, any two Z 5 may be the same or different .
- Desirable Z 5 or Z 6 is a single bond for decreasing the viscosity, ethylene for decreasing the minimum temperature, and methyleneoxy for increasing the absolute value of the dielectric anisotropy.
- Z 7 and Z 8 are independently a single bond, ethylene, methyleneoxy, or carbonyloxy, and when u is 2, the two Z 7 may be the same or different. Desirable Z 7 or Z 8 is a single bond for decreasing the viscosity, ethylene for decreasing the minimum temperature, and carbonyloxy for increasing the maximum temperature.
- k and n are independently 0, 1, 2, or 3, and the sum of k and n is 3 or 4.
- Preferred k or n is 1 or 2 for increasing the reactivity.
- a preferable sum of k and n is 4 for increasing the reactivity.
- m and p are independently 0, 1, or 2. Desirable m or p is 0 for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- s is 1, 2 or 3.
- Preferred s is 1 for decreasing the viscosity, and 2 or 3 for increasing the maximum temperature.
- t is 0 or 1.
- Preferred t is 0 for decreasing the viscosity, and 1 for decreasing the minimum temperature.
- u is 0, 1, or 2.
- Preferred u is 0 for decreasing the viscosity, and 1 or 2 for increasing the maximum temperature.
- P 5 , P 6 , P 7 , P 8 , P 9 , and P 10 are independently selected from the groups represented by formula (P-1-1) and formula (P-2) Group.
- the wavy lines in the formulas (P-1-1) and (P-2) indicate the sites that are bonded as groups.
- M 3 is hydrogen or methyl.
- Sp 5 , Sp 6 , Sp 7 , Sp 8 , Sp 9 , and Sp 10 are each independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one —CH 2 — of the alkylene is —O —, —S—, —NH—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—CO—O— may be substituted, and at least one —CH 2 —CH 2 — may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH— or —C ⁇ C—.
- R 11 is linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or linear alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons.
- R 12 is linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons or linear alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons.
- R 13 and R 14 are independently linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, linear alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, or linear alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons.
- Desirable compounds (1) are the compound (1-1-1), the compound (1-1-2), and the compound (1-2-1) to the compound (1-6-1). More desirable compounds (1) are the compound (1-1-1), the compound (1-1-2), the compound (1-2-1), and the compound (1-6-1). Particularly preferred compounds (1) are the compound (1-1-1), the compound (1-2-1), and the compound (1-6-1). Desirable compounds (2) are from the compound (2-1-1) to the compound (2-22-1). More desirable compounds (2) are the compound (2-1-1), the compound (2-2-1), the compound (2-3-1), the compound (2-4-1), and the compound (2-5 1), compound (2-6-1), compound (2-7-1), compound (2-18-1), and compound (2-19-1).
- Particularly preferred compounds (2) are the compound (2-1-1), the compound (2-2-1), the compound (2-3-1), and the compound (2-18-1). Desirable compounds (3) are from the compound (3-1-1) to the compound (3-19-1). More desirable compounds (3) are the compound (3-1-1), the compound (3-2-1), the compound (3-3-1), the compound (3-4-1), and the compound (3-6- 1), compound (3-8-1), compound (3-9-1), and compound (3-13-1). Particularly preferred compounds (3) are the compound (3-1-1), the compound (3-4-1), the compound (3-6-1), the compound (3-8-1), and the compound (3-9). -1). Desirable compounds (4) are the compounds (4-1-1) to (4-13-1). More desirable compounds (4) are the compound (4-1-1) to the compound (4-3-1), the compound (4-5-1), and the compound (4-7-1). Particularly preferred compounds (4) are the compound (4-1-1) and the compound (4-5-1).
- additives that may be mixed with the composition will be described.
- Such additives are optically active compounds, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, antifoaming agents, polymerization initiators, polymerization inhibitors, and the like.
- An optically active compound is mixed with the composition for the purpose of inducing a helical structure of liquid crystal to give a twist angle.
- Examples of such compounds are compound (5-1) to compound (5-5).
- a desirable ratio of the optically active compound is approximately 5% by weight or less of the liquid crystal composition.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 0.01% by weight to approximately 2% by weight.
- oxidation prevention An agent is mixed into the composition.
- a preferred example of the antioxidant is a compound (6) in which w is an integer of 1 to 9.
- preferred w is 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9. Further preferred w is 1 or 7. Since the compound (6) in which w is 1 has high volatility, it is effective in preventing a decrease in specific resistance due to heating in the atmosphere. Since the compound (6) in which w is 7 has low volatility, it is effective for maintaining a large voltage holding ratio not only at room temperature but also at a temperature close to the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase after using the device for a long time. .
- a desirable ratio of the antioxidant is about 50 ppm or more for the liquid crystal composition in order to obtain the effect thereof, and is about 600 ppm or less for avoiding a decrease in the maximum temperature or preventing an increase in the minimum temperature.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 100 ppm to approximately 300 ppm.
- the ultraviolet absorber examples include benzophenone derivatives, benzoate derivatives, triazole derivatives and the like. Also preferred are light stabilizers such as sterically hindered amines.
- a desirable ratio in these absorbents and stabilizers is approximately 50 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 10,000 ppm or less for avoiding a decrease in the maximum temperature or avoiding an increase in the minimum temperature. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 100 ppm to approximately 10,000 ppm.
- a dichroic dye such as an azo dye or an anthraquinone dye is mixed with the composition so as to be adapted to a GH (guest host) mode element.
- a preferred ratio of the dye is in the range of approximately 0.01% by weight to approximately 10% by weight.
- an antifoaming agent such as dimethyl silicone oil or methylphenyl silicone oil is mixed with the composition.
- a desirable ratio of the antifoaming agent is approximately 1 ppm or more for obtaining the effect thereof, and approximately 1000 ppm or less for preventing a poor display.
- a more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 1 ppm to approximately 500 ppm.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains a polymerizable compound, it is suitable for a PSA (polymer-sustained-alignment) mode device.
- the composition may further contain a polymerizable compound other than the compound (1) and the compound (2).
- Preferred examples of the polymerizable compound are compounds having a polymerizable group such as acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl compound, vinyloxy compound, propenyl ether, epoxy compound (oxirane, oxetane), vinyl ketone and the like. Particularly preferred examples are acrylate or methacrylate derivatives.
- a desirable ratio of the polymerizable compound is about 0.03 parts by weight or more for obtaining the effect when the weight of the liquid crystal composition is 100 parts by weight, and about 10 parts by weight or less for preventing display defects. is there. A more desirable ratio is in the range of approximately 0.1 parts by weight to approximately 2 parts by weight.
- the ratio of the compound (1) and the compound (2) in the polymerizable compound is preferably about 10% by weight or more. More preferably, it is about 30% by weight or more.
- the polymerizable compound is preferably polymerized by UV irradiation or the like in the presence of a suitable initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator.
- Irgacure 651 registered trademark; BASF
- Irgacure 184 registered trademark; BASF
- Darocur 1173 registered trademark; BASF
- a preferred proportion of the photopolymerization initiator is in the range of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the polymerizable compound, and more preferably in the range of about 1% to about 3% by weight.
- a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound may be disposed between two substrates in the liquid crystal display element.
- the component compounds are Organic Synthesis (OrganicganSyntheses, John Wiley & Sons, Inc), Organic Reactions (Organic Reactions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc), Comprehensive Organic Synthesis (Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, Pergamon Press) It can be synthesized by appropriately combining known organic synthetic chemistry techniques described in a new experimental chemistry course (Maruzen).
- compositions have a minimum temperature of about ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower, a maximum temperature of about 70 ° C. or higher, and an optical anisotropy in the range of about 0.07 to about 0.20.
- a device containing this composition has a large voltage holding ratio.
- This composition is suitable for an AM device.
- This composition is particularly suitable for a transmissive AM device.
- a composition having an optical anisotropy in the range of about 0.08 to about 0.25 may be prepared by controlling the ratio of the component compounds or by mixing other liquid crystal compounds.
- This composition can be used as a composition having a nematic phase, or can be used as an optically active composition by adding an optically active compound.
- This composition can be used for an AM device. Further, it can be used for PM elements.
- This composition can be used for an AM device and a PM device having modes such as PC, TN, STN, ECB, OCB, IPS, VA, PSA, and FPA.
- Use for an AM device having a PSA mode is particularly preferable.
- These elements may be reflective, transmissive, or transflective. Use in a transmissive element is preferred. It can also be used for an amorphous silicon-TFT device or a polycrystalline silicon-TFT device.
- NCAP non-curvilinear-aligned-phase
- PD polymer-dispersed
- the liquid crystal display element of the present invention comprises two substrates having an electrode layer on at least one substrate, and a liquid crystal containing the liquid crystal composition of the present invention or a compound obtained by polymerizing the compound of the present invention between the two substrates. It is characterized by arranging the composition.
- the glass substrate includes two glass substrates called an array substrate and a color filter substrate, and a thin film transistor (TFT), a pixel, a colored layer, and the like are formed on each glass substrate.
- TFT thin film transistor
- aluminosilicate glass or aluminoborosilicate glass is used for the glass substrate.
- As the electrode layer indium-tin oxide (Indium-Tin Oxide) or indium-zinc oxide (Indium-Zinc Oxide) is generally used.
- the compound obtained by synthesis was identified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-NMR) or the like.
- the melting point of the compound was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). First, the analysis method will be described.
- HPLC analysis Prominence (LC-20AD; SPD-20A) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as the measurement apparatus.
- YMC-Pack ODS-A length 150 mm, inner diameter 4.6 mm, particle diameter 5 ⁇ m
- the eluent was acetonitrile / water (volume ratio: 80/20), and the flow rate was adjusted to 1 mL / min.
- a detector a UV detector, an RI detector, a CORONA detector, or the like was appropriately used. When a UV detector was used, the detection wavelength was 254 nm.
- the sample was dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare a 0.1 wt% solution, and 1 ⁇ L of the obtained solution was introduced into the sample chamber.
- a recorder a C-R7Aplus manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used.
- the obtained chromatogram shows the peak retention time and peak area values corresponding to the component compounds.
- the peak area ratio in the chromatogram obtained from HPLC corresponds to the ratio of the component compounds.
- the weight% of the component compound of the analysis sample is not completely the same as the area% of each peak of the analysis sample.
- the correction factor is substantially 1. Therefore, the weight% of the component compound in the analysis sample substantially corresponds to the area% of each peak in the analysis sample. This is because there is no significant difference in the correction coefficients of the component liquid crystal compounds.
- UV / Vis analysis PharmaSpec UV-1700 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as a measuring apparatus. The detection wavelength was 190 nm to 700 nm. The sample was dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare a 0.01 mmol / L solution, and the sample was placed in a quartz cell (optical path length 1 cm) and measured.
- DSC measurement Using a scanning calorimeter DSC-7 system manufactured by PerkinElmer or a Diamond DSC system, the temperature is raised and lowered at a rate of 3 ° C / min. The melting point was determined by insertion.
- the composition and this compound are used as the measurement object.
- the object to be measured was a composition
- the measurement object was a compound
- a sample for measurement was prepared by mixing this compound (15% by weight) with mother liquid crystals (85% by weight).
- the ratio of the compound and the mother liquid crystal is 10% by weight: 90% by weight, 5% by weight: 95% by weight, 1% by weight: 99% by weight in this order. changed.
- the maximum temperature, optical anisotropy, viscosity, and dielectric anisotropy values for the compound were determined.
- the components of the mother liquid crystals and their proportions are as follows.
- Measured characteristic values according to the following method. Many of them are the methods described in the JEITA standard (JEITA ED-2521B) established by the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA ED-2521B) or a modified method thereof. is there.
- NI Maximum temperature of nematic phase
- a sample was placed on a hot plate of a melting point measuring device equipped with a polarizing microscope and heated at a rate of 1 ° C./min. The temperature was measured when a part of the sample changed from a nematic phase to an isotropic liquid.
- the upper limit temperature of the nematic phase may be abbreviated as “upper limit temperature”.
- T C Minimum temperature of nematic phase
- Viscosity (bulk viscosity; ⁇ ; measured at 20 ° C .; mPa ⁇ s): An E-type viscometer was used for measurement.
- the dielectric constants ( ⁇ and ⁇ ) were measured as follows. 1) Measurement of dielectric constant ( ⁇ ): An ethanol (20 mL) solution of octadecyltriethoxysilane (0.16 mL) was applied to a well-cleaned glass substrate. The glass substrate was rotated with a spinner and then heated at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. A sample was put in a VA element in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) was 4 ⁇ m, and the element was sealed with an adhesive that was cured with ultraviolet rays.
- Sine waves (0.5 V, 1 kHz) were applied to the device, and after 2 seconds, the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules was measured.
- 2) Measurement of dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) A polyimide solution was applied to a well-cleaned glass substrate. After baking this glass substrate, the obtained alignment film was rubbed. A sample was put in a TN device in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) was 9 ⁇ m and the twist angle was 80 degrees. Sine waves (0.5 V, 1 kHz) were applied to the device, and after 2 seconds, the dielectric constant ( ⁇ ) in the minor axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules was measured.
- Threshold voltage (Vth; measured at 25 ° C .; V): An LCD5100 luminance meter manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd. was used for measurement.
- the light source is a halogen lamp.
- a sample is placed in a normally black mode VA element in which the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) is 4 ⁇ m and the rubbing direction is anti-parallel, and an adhesive that cures the element with ultraviolet rays is used. And sealed.
- the voltage (60 Hz, rectangular wave) applied to this element was increased stepwise from 0V to 20V by 0.02V.
- the device was irradiated with light from the vertical direction, and the amount of light transmitted through the device was measured.
- a voltage-transmittance curve was created in which the transmittance was 100% when the light amount reached the maximum and the transmittance was 0% when the light amount was the minimum.
- the threshold voltage is a voltage when the transmittance reaches 10%.
- Voltage holding ratio (VHR-1; measured at 25 ° C .;%):
- the TN device used for the measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) is 5 ⁇ m. This element was sealed with an adhesive that was cured with ultraviolet rays after the sample was placed.
- the TN device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 microseconds at 5 V).
- the decaying voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds with a high-speed voltmeter, and the area A between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle was determined.
- the area B is an area when it is not attenuated.
- the voltage holding ratio is a percentage of the area A with respect to the area B.
- Voltage holding ratio (VHR-2; measured at 80 ° C .;%):
- the TN device used for the measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the distance between two glass substrates (cell gap) is 5 ⁇ m. This element was sealed with an adhesive that was cured with ultraviolet rays after the sample was placed.
- the TN device was charged by applying a pulse voltage (60 microseconds at 5 V).
- the decaying voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds with a high-speed voltmeter, and the area A between the voltage curve and the horizontal axis in a unit cycle was determined.
- the area B is an area when it is not attenuated.
- the voltage holding ratio is a percentage of the area A with respect to the area B.
- VHR-3 Voltage holding ratio
- the TN device used for measurement has a polyimide alignment film, and the cell gap is 5 ⁇ m.
- a sample was injected into this element and irradiated with light for 20 minutes.
- the light source is an ultra high pressure mercury lamp USH-500D (manufactured by USHIO), and the distance between the element and the light source is 20 cm.
- USH-500D ultra high pressure mercury lamp manufactured by USHIO
- the decreasing voltage was measured for 16.7 milliseconds.
- a composition having a large VHR-3 has a large stability to ultraviolet light.
- VHR-3 is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more.
- VHR-4 Voltage holding ratio
- This device was irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 25 mW / cm 2 (EXECURE 4000-D type manufactured by HOYA CANDEO OPTRONICS Co., Ltd .; mercury xenon lamp) for 400 seconds while applying a voltage of 15V.
- a rectangular wave 60 Hz, 10 V, 0.5 seconds was applied to this element.
- the device was irradiated with light from the vertical direction, and the amount of light transmitted through the device was measured.
- the transmittance is 100% when the light amount is maximum, and the transmittance is 0% when the light amount is minimum.
- the response time is a time required for the transmittance to change from 0% to 90%, that is, a rise time (millisecond).
- GC-14B gas chromatograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used for measurement.
- the carrier gas is helium (2 mL / min).
- the sample vaporization chamber was set at 280 ° C, and the detector (FID) was set at 300 ° C.
- capillary column DB-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m; stationary liquid phase is dimethylpolysiloxane; nonpolar) manufactured by Agilent Technologies Inc. was used.
- the column was held at 200 ° C. for 2 minutes and then heated to 280 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min.
- a sample was prepared in an acetone solution (0.1% by weight), and 1 ⁇ L thereof was injected into the sample vaporization chamber.
- the recorder is a C-R5A Chromatopac manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, or an equivalent product.
- the obtained gas chromatogram showed the peak retention time and peak area corresponding to the component compounds.
- capillary column As a solvent for diluting the sample, chloroform, hexane or the like may be used.
- the following capillary column may be used.
- HP-1 from Agilent Technologies Inc. (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), Rtx-1 from Restek Corporation (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m), BP-1 (length 30 m, inner diameter 0.32 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m) manufactured by SGE International Pty.
- a capillary column CBP1-M50-025 length 50 m, inner diameter 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 ⁇ m
- Shimadzu Corporation may be used.
- the ratio of the liquid crystal compound contained in the composition may be calculated by the following method. Liquid crystalline compounds can be detected by gas chromatography. The area ratio of peaks in the gas chromatogram corresponds to the ratio (number of moles) of liquid crystal compounds. When the capillary column described above is used, the correction coefficient of each liquid crystal compound may be regarded as 1. Accordingly, the ratio (% by weight) of the liquid crystal compound is calculated from the peak area ratio.
- the compounds in Comparative Examples and Examples were represented by symbols based on the definitions in Table 3 below.
- Table 3 the configuration regarding 1,4-cyclohexylene is trans.
- the number in parentheses after the symbol corresponds to the compound number.
- the symbol ( ⁇ ) means other liquid crystal compounds.
- the ratio (percentage) of the liquid crystal compound is a weight percentage (% by weight) based on the weight of the liquid crystal composition excluding the first component and the second component, and the liquid crystal composition contains impurities in addition to this. .
- the characteristic values of the composition are summarized.
- Example 1 A sample was prepared by adding 0.30 parts by weight of the polymerizable compound as the first component and the polymerizable compound as the second component to 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition A to prepare three types of liquid crystal display elements. did.
- the components of the liquid crystal composition A, the ratio thereof, and the method for producing the device are as follows.
- Table 4 shows the polymerizable compounds used for producing the elements and the number of added parts.
- the alignment agent was applied to two glass substrates with ITO electrodes by a spinner to form a film. After application, the film was dried by heating at 80 ° C. for about 10 minutes, and then heat-treated at 180 ° C. for 60 minutes to form an alignment film. A gap material was sprayed on one glass substrate, and the other substrate was sealed with an epoxy-based adhesive leaving a liquid crystal inlet, and bonded together with the surface on which the alignment film was formed facing inward. A sample was vacuum-injected into this element, the inlet was sealed with a photocuring agent, and the photocuring agent was solidified by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. Next, a heat treatment was performed at 110 ° C.
- MAC-VO-BB-MAC 2-2-1
- MAC-VO-BB-AC 2-2-1
- Example 1 to Example 15 have a shorter response time than that of Comparative Example 1. Therefore, it can be concluded that the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention has more excellent characteristics than the liquid crystal composition shown in Comparative Example 1.
- the composition of the present invention has a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light, In a characteristic such as high stability to heat, at least one characteristic is satisfied or has an appropriate balance with respect to at least two characteristics. Since a liquid crystal display element containing such a composition has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long lifetime, and the like, it can be used for a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の技術分野は、主としてAM(active matrix)素子などに適する液晶組成物、およびこの組成物を含有するAM素子などに関する。特に、誘電率異方性が負の液晶組成物に関し、この組成物を含有するIPS(in-plane switching)モード、FFS(fringe field switching)モード、VA(vertical alignment)モード、PSA(polymer sustained alignment)モード、またはFPA(field induced photo-reactive alignment)モードの素子などに関する。VAモードには、MVA(multi-domain vertical alignment)モード、PVA(patterned vertical alignment)モードなどが含まれる。
PSAモードの液晶表示素子では、少量(例えば、約0.3重量%から約1重量%)の重合性化合物が液晶組成物に添加され、液晶表示セルに導入後、電極間に電圧を印加した状態で通常UV照射下に重合性化合物を重合させ、素子内で高分子構造を形成する。重合性化合物としては重合性のメソゲン性または液晶性化合物が適していることが知られている。
1. 第一成分として重合可能な基を3つ以上含む化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、および第二成分として重合可能な基を1つ含む化合物および2つ含む化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有し、そしてネマチック相を有する液晶組成物。
ここで、R1は、水素、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または-Sp4-P4であり;P1、P2、P3、およびP4は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1、Sp2、Sp3、およびSp4は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;Z1、Z2、およびZ4は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;Z3は、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、カルボニルオキシ、-CO-CR2=CR3-、-CR2=CR3-CO-、-CR2=CR3-、-C(=CR2R3)-、または-C(=R4)-であり;R2およびR3は独立して、水素、ハロゲン、炭素数1から10のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から10のアルキルであり;R4は式(R-1)で表される基から選択された基であり;
式(R-1)において、V1は独立して、ハロゲン、炭素数1から6のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から6のアルキルであり;qは1から8の整数であり;rは0から4の整数であり;
環Aは、水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい1-シクロへキシル、水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい1-フェニル、または水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい2-ナフチルであり;環Cは、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-シクロへキシル、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-フェニル、または水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい2-ナフチルであり;環Dおよび環Fは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンであり;環Bおよび環Eは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,6-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンであり;mは、0、1、または2であり;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは、0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;pは、0、1、または2であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有し、P3が式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp3は-O-を有する。
ここで、R2およびR3は独立して、水素、ハロゲン、炭素数1から10のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から10のアルキルであり;P1およびP2は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1およびSp2は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;Z1は、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。
ここで、P1およびP2は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1およびSp2は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。
ここで、R1は、水素、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または-Sp4-P4であり;P3およびP4は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp3およびSp4は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;P3が式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp3は-O-を有する。
ここで、R5およびR6は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または炭素数2から12のアルケニルオキシであり;環Gおよび環Jは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素または塩素で置き換えられた1,4-フェニレンであり;環Iは、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-クロロ-3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-5-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3,4,5-トリフルオロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、または7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルであり;Z5およびZ6は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;sは、1、2、または3であり;tは0または1であり、そして、sとtとの和が3以下である。
ここで、R5およびR6は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または炭素数2から12のアルケニルオキシである。
ここで、R7およびR8は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環K、環L、および環Mは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;Z7およびZ8は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;uは、0、1、または2である。
ここで、R7およびR8は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。
R1は、水素、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または-Sp4-P4である。好ましいR1は、反応性を上げるために、-Sp4-P4である。
式(R-1)の波線は、基として結合する部位を示す。ここで、V1は、ハロゲン、炭素数1から6のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から6のアルキルであり、rが、2、3、または4である時の任意の2つのV1は同じであっても、異なってもよい。好ましいV1は、フッ素または炭素数1から3のアルキルである。qは1から8の整数である。好ましいqは、光反応性を上げるために1または2である。rは0から4の整数である。好ましいrは、光反応性を上げるために0から2の整数である。さらに好ましいrは、0である。
式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)の波線は、基として結合する部位を示す。
式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4である。好ましいn1は、反応性を上げるために1または2である。さらに好ましいn1は1である。
P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。P3が式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp3は-O-を有する。「-O-を有する」の表現において、-O-は、-O-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-の酸素を意味する。
環Cは、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-シクロへキシル、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-フェニル、または水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい2-ナフチルである。好ましい環Cは、4位の水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられた1-フェニル、3位と4位の水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられた1-フェニル、または3位と5位の水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられた1-フェニルである。
環Dおよび環Fは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンである。好ましい環Dまたは環Fは、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレンである。特に好ましい環Dまたは環Fは、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンである。
環Bおよび環Eは、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,6-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンであり、mが2である時、2つの環Bは同じであっても、異なってもよく、pが2である時、2つの環Eは同じであっても、異なってもよい。好ましい環Bまたは環Eは、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,6-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-メチル-1,4-フェニレンである。特に好ましい環Bまたは環Eは、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンである。
環Iは、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-クロロ-3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-5-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3,4,5-トリフルオロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、または7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルである。好ましい環Iは粘度を下げるために2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり、光学異方性を下げるために2-クロロ-3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり、誘電率異方性の絶対値を上げるために7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルである。
環K、環L、および環Mは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり、uが2である時、2つの環Kは同じであっても、異なってもよい。好ましい環K、環L、または環Mは、粘度を下げるためまたは上限温度を上げるために1,4-シクロヘキシレンであり、下限温度を下げるために1,4-フェニレンである。
Z3は、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、カルボニルオキシ、-CO-CR2=CR3-、-CR2=CR3-CO-、-CR2=CR3-、-C(=CR2R3)-、または-C(=R4)-である。好ましいZ3は、重合性化合物の重合反応性を上げ、素子の応答時間を短縮するために、-CO-CR2=CR3-、-CR2=CR3-、または-C(=R4)-である。
Z5およびZ6は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;sが2または3である時、任意の2つのZ5は同じであっても、異なってもよい。好ましいZ5またはZ6は、粘度を下げるために単結合であり、下限温度を下げるためにエチレンであり、誘電率異方性の絶対値を上げるためにメチレンオキシである。
Z7およびZ8は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり、uが2である時、2つのZ7は同じであっても、異なってもよい。好ましいZ7またはZ8は、粘度を下げるために単結合であり、下限温度を下げるためにエチレンであり、上限温度を上げるためにカルボニルオキシである。
mおよびpは独立して、0、1、または2である。好ましいmまたはpは、下限温度を下げるために0である。
tは0または1である。好ましいtは粘度を下げるために0であり、下限温度を下げるために1である。
uは、0、1、または2である。好ましいuは粘度を下げるために0であり、上限温度を上げるために1または2である。
式(P-1-1)および式(P-2)の波線は、基として結合する部位を示す。式(p-1-1)において、M3は水素またはメチルである。
Sp5、Sp6、Sp7、Sp8、Sp9、およびSp10は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよい。式(1-1-1)および式(1-1-2)において、P5、P6、P7、およびP8がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp5、Sp6、Sp7、およびSp8の少なくとも1つは-O-を有していて、式(1-2-1)から式(1-5-1)において、P5、P6、およびP7がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp5、Sp6、およびSp7の少なくとも1つは-O-を有していて、P9およびP10がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp9およびSp10の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。R9およびR10は独立して、水素または炭素数1から3のアルキルである。R11は、直鎖状の炭素数1から12のアルキルまたは直鎖状の炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。R12は、直鎖状の炭素数1から12のアルキルまたは直鎖状の炭素数1から12のアルコキシである。R13およびR14は独立して、直鎖状の炭素数1から12のアルキル、直鎖状の炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、または直鎖状の炭素数2から12のアルケニルである。
1)誘電率(ε∥)の測定:よく洗浄したガラス基板にオクタデシルトリエトキシシラン(0.16mL)のエタノール(20mL)溶液を塗布した。ガラス基板をスピンナーで回転させたあと、150℃で1時間加熱した。2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)が4μmであるVA素子に試料を入れ、この素子を紫外線で硬化する接着剤で密閉した。この素子にサイン波(0.5V、1kHz)を印加し、2秒後に液晶分子の長軸方向における誘電率(ε∥)を測定した。
2)誘電率(ε⊥)の測定:よく洗浄したガラス基板にポリイミド溶液を塗布した。このガラス基板を焼成した後、得られた配向膜にラビング処理をした。2枚のガラス基板の間隔(セルギャップ)が9μmであり、ツイスト角が80度であるTN素子に試料を入れた。この素子にサイン波(0.5V、1kHz)を印加し、2秒後に液晶分子の短軸方向における誘電率(ε⊥)を測定した。
液晶組成物A100重量部に対して、第一成分である重合性化合物と第二成分である重合性化合物を合わせて0.30重量部添加した試料を調製し、3種類の液晶表示素子を作成した。液晶組成物Aの成分とその割合および素子の作成方法は以下のとおりである。また、素子の作成に用いた重合性化合物および添加した部数は表4のとおりである。
配向剤を、二枚のITO電極付きガラス基板にスピナーにて塗布し、膜を形成した。塗布後80℃にて約10分間加熱乾燥した後、180℃にて60分間加熱処理を行い、配向膜を形成した。一方のガラス基板にギャップ材を散布し、もう一方の基板には周辺を液晶の注入口を残してエポキシ系接着剤でシールし、配向膜を形成した面を内側にして貼り合わせた。この素子に試料を真空注入し、注入口を光硬化剤で封止して、紫外線を照射して光硬化剤を固化した。次いで110℃で30分間加熱処理を行い、液晶表示素子を作成した。この素子に、15Vの電圧を印加しながら25mW/cm2の紫外線(HOYA CANDEO OPTRONICS株式会社製のEXECURE4000-D型;水銀キセノンランプ)を400秒間照射し、最終的に液晶表示素子を作成した。
液晶組成物A100重量部に対して、第一成分である重合性化合物を0.30重量部添加した試料、第二成分である重合性化合物を0.30重量部添加した試料、および重合性化合物を添加していない試料を調製し、実施例1と同様の方法で3種類の液晶表示素子を作成した。素子の作成に用いた重合性化合物および添加した部数は表5のとおりである。
3-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 10%
5-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 10%
2-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 8%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 12%
3-HDhB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-11-1) 6%
5-DhH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-12-1) 3%
3-dhBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-14-1) 5%
3-HEB(2F,3F)B(2F,3F)-O4
(3-15-1) 4%
3-HH-V (4-1-1) 24%
1-BB-3 (4-3-1) 5%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-3 (4-5-1) 3%
V-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
5-B(F)BB-2 (4-7-1) 4%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.2重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-1-1)を0.1重量部添加した。
MAC-B(2F)B-MAC (2-1-1)
この組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=78.9℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.114;Δε=-3.8;Vth=2.07V;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.2%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.0msであった。
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 17%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 15%
5-HH2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-7-1) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 10%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 4%
3-HHB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-16-1) 3%
3-HBB(2F,3CL)-O2 (3-17-1) 3%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 27%
3-HHEH-3 (4-4-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 4%
3-HBB-2 (4-6-1) 3%
3-HB(F)HH-5 (4-10-1) 3%
5-HBBH-3 (4-11-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.15重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.15重量部添加した。
MAC-VO-BB-MAC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=81.3℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.089;Δε=-2.7;Vth=2.40V;VHR-1=99.1%;VHR-2=97.7%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.3msであった。
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 17%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 16%
2-BB(2F,3F)B-3 (3-9-1) 6%
3-DhHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-10-1) 4%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 9%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 5%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 5%
3-H1OCro(7F,8F)-5 (3-18-1) 3%
3-HH1OCro(7F,8F)-5(3-19-1) 3%
3-HH-V (4-1-1) 20%
3-HH-V1 (4-1-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HB(F)BH-3 (4-12-1) 3%
5-HBB(F)B-2 (4-13-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.15重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-18-1)を0.15重量部添加した。
MAC-BB(F)B-OV-MAC (2-18-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=77.4℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.110;Δε=-3.7;Vth=2.09V;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.1%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.0msであった。
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 18%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 15%
2-BB(2F,3F)B-3 (3-9-1) 6%
3-DhHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-10-1) 4%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 9%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 5%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 5%
3-H1OCro(7F,8F)-5 (3-18-1) 3%
3-HH1OCro(7F,8F)-5(3-19-1) 3%
3-HH-V (4-1-1) 19%
3-HH-V1 (4-1-1) 4%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HB(F)BH-3 (4-12-1) 3%
5-HBB(F)B-2 (4-13-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-2-1)を0.15重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-18-1)を0.15重量部添加した。
MAC-BB(F)B-OV-MAC (2-18-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=76.7℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.109;Δε=-3.7;Vth=2.08V;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.0%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.4msであった。
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 20%
1V2-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 10%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 8%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-1 (3-6-1) 5%
1V2-HH2B(2F,3F)-O2(3-7-1) 3%
3-HDhB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-11-1) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 10%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 6%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 3%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 15%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 6%
3-HH-V1 (4-1-1) 6%
V2-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.28重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-3-1)を0.12重量部添加した。
MAC-B(F)B-MAC (2-3-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=81.4℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.096;Δε=-3.8;Vth=2.14V;VHR-1=99.4%;VHR-2=98.2%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.1msであった。
3-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 13%
5-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 3%
2-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 20%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 13%
3-HH-V (4-1-1) 29%
3-HB-O2 (4-2-1) 4%
1-BB-3 (4-3-1) 7%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
5-B(F)BB-2 (4-7-1) 4%
3-HHEBH-3 (4-9-1) 4%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.2重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.1重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=74.8℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.103;Δε=-3.0;Vth=2.18V;VHR-1=99.1%;VHR-2=97.9%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=4.1msであった。
V-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1-1) 12%
V-HB(2F,3F)-O4 (3-1-1) 12%
1V2-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1-1) 6%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 10%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 6%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 9%
3-HH1OCro(7F,8F)-5(3-19-1) 5%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F,6Me)-O2
(3) 3%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 18%
3-HH-VFF (4-1) 6%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
5-HBB(F)B-2 (4-13-1) 4%
1O1-HBBH-5 (-) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.21重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.09重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-MAC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=83.5℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.103;Δε=-3.7;Vth=1.96V;VHR-1=99.2%;VHR-2=97.9%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.4msであった。
3-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 10%
5-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 3%
2O-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4) 4%
3-B(2F,3F)B(2F,3F)-O2
(3-5-1) 3%
2-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 19%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 6%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 20%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 9%
4-HH-V (4-1-1) 3%
3-HB-O2 (4-2-1) 3%
V2-BB-1 (4-3-1) 5%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
1-BB(F)B-2V (4-8-1) 5%
3-HHEBH-4 (4-9-1) 4%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-5-1)を0.18重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-19-1)を0.12重量部添加した。
MAC-VO-BBB(F)-OV-MAC (2-19-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=77.5℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.102;Δε=-2.9;Vth=2.21V;VHR-1=99.1%;VHR-2=98.1%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=4.5msであった。
3-H1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3-1) 5%
3-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 6%
5-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 6%
2O-B(2F,3F)B(2F,3F)-O6
(3-5) 3%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 7%
2-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 8%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 10%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 23%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 5%
3-HH-O1 (4-1-1) 3%
7-HB-1 (4-2-1) 4%
V2-BB-1 (4-3-1) 5%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 4%
2-BB(F)B-3 (4-8-1) 4%
3-HHEBH-4 (4-9-1) 4%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.2重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.1重量部添加した。
MAC-VO-BB-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=75.2℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.094;Δε=-3.0;Vth=2.25V;VHR-1=99.2%;VHR-2=97.9%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=3.9msであった。
3-HB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-1-1) 17%
3-HB(2F,3F)-O4 (3-1-1) 15%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 10%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 6%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 6%
3-HH1OCro(7F,8F)-5(3-19-1) 5%
3-HH2B(2F,3F,6Me)-O2
(3) 3%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F,6Me)-O2
(3) 3%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 23%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-3 (4-5-1) 3%
5-HBB(F)B-2 (4-13-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-1-1)を0.2重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-1-1)を0.1重量部添加した。
MAC-VO-BB(F)-MAC (2-1-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=79.7℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.095;Δε=-3.8;Vth=1.92V;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.1%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.3msであった。
3-H1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3-1) 8%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 8%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 24%
2-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 3%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 8%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 26%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 4%
3-HH-5 (4-1-1) 3%
1-BB-3 (4-3-1) 16%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-6-1)を0.015重量部、
本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-1-1)を0.28重量部、
MAC-B(2F)B-MAC (2-1-1)
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.005重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-OV-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=74.2℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.097;Δε=-3.1;Vth=2.24V;VHR-1=99.1%;VHR-2=98.0%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=3.9msであった。
3-H1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3-1) 11%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 10%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O1 (3-6-1) 5%
V-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 13%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 3%
2-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 4%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 6%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 25%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 6%
1-BB-3 (4-3-1) 13%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 4%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-6-1)を0.02重量部、
本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-1-1)を0.27重量部、
MAC-B(2F)B-MAC (2-1-1)
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.01重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-OV-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=75.5℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.095;Δε=-2.9;Vth=2.26V;VHR-1=98.9%;VHR-2=97.7%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=4.1msであった。
3-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 19%
5-H2B(2F,3F)-O2 (3-2-1) 10%
3-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 5%
5-HHB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-6-1) 4%
3-HDhB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-11-1) 5%
3-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 10%
4-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 8%
5-HBB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-13-1) 4%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 23%
3-HH-4 (4-1-1) 6%
3-HHB-O1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-3 (4-5-1) 3%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-6-1)を0.007重量部、
本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-1-1)を0.28重量部、
MAC-B(2F)B-MAC (2-1-1)
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.003重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-OV-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=77.4℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.090;Δε=-3.6;Vth=2.12V;VHR-1=99.3%;VHR-2=98.2%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=5.0msであった。
3-H1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-3-1) 3%
3-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4-1) 9%
2O-BB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-4) 3%
2-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 7%
3-HH1OB(2F,3F)-O2 (3-8-1) 22%
2-HH-3 (4-1-1) 14%
3-HH-V (4-1-1) 15%
1-BB-3 (4-3-1) 11%
3-HHB-1 (4-5-1) 3%
3-HHB-3 (4-5-1) 4%
3-HBB-2 (4-6-1) 9%
上記組成物100重量部に本発明の第一成分である化合物(1-6-1)を0.15重量部、
および本発明の第二成分である化合物(2-2-1)を0.05重量部添加した。
AC-VO-BB-OV-AC (2-2-1)
得られた組成物の特性は下記のとおりである。
NI=74.6℃;Tc<-20℃;Δn=0.103;Δε=-2.7;Vth=2.38V;VHR-1=99.1%;VHR-2=98.0%.
実施例1に記載の方法で作成した液晶表示素子の応答時間はτ=4.2msであった。
Claims (32)
- 第一成分として重合可能な基を3つ以上含む化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、および第二成分として重合可能な基を1つ含む化合物および2つ含む化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有し、そしてネマチック相を有する液晶組成物。
- 第一成分として式(1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、および第二成分として式(2)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R1は、水素、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または-Sp4-P4であり;P1、P2、P3、およびP4は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1、Sp2、Sp3、およびSp4は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;Z1、Z2、およびZ4は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;Z3は、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、カルボニルオキシ、-CO-CR2=CR3-、-CR2=CR3-CO-、-CR2=CR3-、-C(=CR2R3)-、または-C(=R4)-であり;R2およびR3は独立して、水素、ハロゲン、炭素数1から10のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から10のアルキルであり;R4は式(R-1)で表される基から選択された基であり;
式(R-1)において、V1は独立して、ハロゲン、炭素数1から6のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から6のアルキルであり;qは1から8の整数であり;rは0から4の整数であり;
環Aは、水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい1-シクロへキシル、水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい1-フェニル、または水素がP1-Sp1-で置き換えられていてもよい2-ナフチルであり;環Cは、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-シクロへキシル、水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい1-フェニル、または水素が-Sp2-P2で置き換えられていてもよい2-ナフチルであり;環Dおよび環Fは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンであり;環Bおよび環Eは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、ナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、3,6-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、2-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレン、または3-トリフルオロメチル-1,4-フェニレンであり;mは、0、1、または2であり;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは、0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;pは、0、1、または2であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有し、P3が式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp3は-O-を有する。 - 第一成分として式(1-1)から式(1-5)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1または2に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R2およびR3は独立して、水素、ハロゲン、炭素数1から10のアルキル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素に置き換えられた炭素数1から10のアルキルであり;P1およびP2は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1およびSp2は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;Z1は、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。 - 第一成分として式(1-6)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1または2に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、P1およびP2は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp1およびSp2は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;kは、0、1、2、または3であり;nは0、1、2、または3であり、そしてkとnとの和が3または4であり;P1およびP2がともに式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp1およびSp2の少なくとも1つは-O-を有する。 - 第一成分として、請求項3記載の式(1-1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分として、請求項3記載の式(1-2)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として式(2-1)から式(2-22)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R1は、水素、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または-Sp4-P4であり;P3およびP4は独立して、式(P-1)、式(P-2)、および式(P-3)で表わされる基から選択された基であり;
式(P-1)において、M1およびM2は独立して、水素、フッ素、メチル、または-CF3であり;式(P-3)において、n1は、1、2、3、または4であり;
Sp3およびSp4は独立して、単結合または炭素数1から12のアルキレンであり、このアルキレンの少なくとも1つの水素はハロゲンまたは-C≡Nで置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-は、-O-、-S-、-NH-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、または-O-CO-O-で置き換えられていてもよく、少なくとも1つの-CH2-CH2-は、-CH=CH-または-C≡C-で置き換えられていてもよく;P3が式(P-2)で表される基であるとき、Sp3は-O-を有する。 - 第二成分として請求項7記載の式(2-1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として請求項7記載の式(2-2)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として請求項7記載の式(2-3)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第二成分として請求項7記載の式(2-18)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分および第二成分を除く液晶組成物の重量に基づいて、第一成分と第二成分とを合わせた割合が0.03重量部から10重量部の範囲である請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として式(3)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物をさらに含有する請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R5およびR6は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または炭素数2から12のアルケニルオキシであり;環Gおよび環Jは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、テトラヒドロピラン-2,5-ジイル、1,4-フェニレン、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素または塩素で置き換えられた1,4-フェニレンであり;環Iは、2,3-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2-クロロ-3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、2,3-ジフルオロ-5-メチル-1,4-フェニレン、3,4,5-トリフルオロナフタレン-2,6-ジイル、または7,8-ジフルオロクロマン-2,6-ジイルであり;Z5およびZ6は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;sは、1、2、または3であり;tは0または1であり、そして、sとtとの和が3以下である。 - 第三成分として請求項14記載の式(3-4)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として請求項14記載の式(3-6)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として請求項14記載の式(3-8)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から16のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第三成分として請求項14記載の式(3-11)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から17のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分および第二成分を除く液晶組成物の重量に基づいて、第三成分の割合が10重量%から90重量%の範囲である請求項13から18のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第四成分として式(4)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物をさらに含有する請求項1から19のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
ここで、R7およびR8は独立して、炭素数1から12のアルキル、炭素数1から12のアルコキシ、炭素数2から12のアルケニル、または少なくとも1つの水素がフッ素で置き換えられた炭素数2から12のアルケニルであり;環K、環L、および環Mは独立して、1,4-シクロへキシレン、1,4-フェニレン、2-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン、または3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレンであり;Z7およびZ8は独立して、単結合、エチレン、メチレンオキシ、またはカルボニルオキシであり;uは、0、1、または2である。 - 第四成分として請求項21の式(4-1)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から21のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第四成分として請求項21の式(4-5)で表される化合物の群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物を含有する請求項1から22のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分および第二成分を除く液晶組成物の重量に基づいて、第四成分の割合が10重量%から90重量%の範囲である請求項20から23のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分と第二成分との重量比が9:1から2:8の範囲である請求項1から24のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 重合開始剤をさらに含有する請求項1から25のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 重合禁止剤をさらに含有する請求項1から26のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- ネマチック相の上限温度が70℃以上であり、25℃で測定した波長589nmにおける光学異方性が0.08以上であり、そして25℃で測定した周波数1kHzにおける誘電率異方性が-2以下である、請求項1から27のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 少なくとも一方の基板に電極層を有する2つの基板から構成され、この2つの基板の間に請求項1から28のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物が配置され、この液晶組成物中の重合可能な基を有する化合物が重合されている、高分子支持配向型(PSA)液晶表示素子。
- 液晶表示素子の動作モードが、VAモード、IPSモード、FFSモード、またはFPAモードであり、液晶表示素子の駆動方式がアクティブマトリックス方式である、請求項29に記載の液晶表示素子。
- 請求項29に記載の液晶表示素子を、2つの基板間に配置した請求項1から28のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物を電圧印加状態で光照射して重合可能な基を有する化合物を重合させることにより製造する液晶表示素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1から28のいずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物の液晶表示素子における使用。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6248932B2 (ja) | 2017-12-20 |
US8968597B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
TW201406936A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
TWI565790B (zh) | 2017-01-11 |
US20140043579A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
EP2883936A1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
EP2883936A4 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
KR102109999B1 (ko) | 2020-05-12 |
EP2883936B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
CN104508084A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
JPWO2014024648A1 (ja) | 2016-07-25 |
CN104508084B (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
KR20150041624A (ko) | 2015-04-16 |
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