WO2013046900A1 - 磁気共鳴撮像装置、高周波磁場照射方法およびプログラム - Google Patents
磁気共鳴撮像装置、高周波磁場照射方法およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/565—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities
- G01R33/5659—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities caused by a distortion of the RF magnetic field, e.g. spatial inhomogeneities of the RF magnetic field
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
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- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
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- G01R33/5612—Parallel RF transmission, i.e. RF pulse transmission using a plurality of independent transmission channels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus (hereinafter referred to as an MRI apparatus).
- MRI apparatus magnetic resonance imaging apparatus
- the present invention relates to a technique for adjusting the spatial distribution of a rotating magnetic field that induces a magnetic resonance phenomenon.
- the MRI apparatus is a medical image diagnostic apparatus that causes magnetic resonance to occur in nuclei in an arbitrary cross section that crosses the examination target, and obtains a tomographic image in the cross section from the generated magnetic resonance signal.
- a radio wave (Radio Frequency wave, hereinafter referred to as high frequency or RF) is transmitted to the inspection object to excite the spins of the nuclei in the inspection object, and then nuclear magnetic resonance generated by the nuclear spins.
- the signal is received and the inspection object is imaged. Transmission is performed by the RF transmission coil, and reception is performed by the RF reception coil.
- the static magnetic field strength is increasing, and the high magnetic field MRI apparatus (3T MRI apparatus) having a static magnetic field intensity of 3T (Tesla) or more has started to spread. .
- the captured image is more likely to be uneven. This is because the frequency of the RF used for inducing the magnetic resonance phenomenon increases as the magnetic field increases. For example, an RF having a frequency of 128 MHz is used in the 3T MRI apparatus, but the wavelength of the RF in the living body is about 30 cm, which is approximately the same scale as the abdominal section, and the phase of the RF changes in the living body.
- the irradiation RF distribution and the spatial distribution of a rotating magnetic field (hereinafter referred to as B 1 ) that is generated by the RF and induces a magnetic resonance phenomenon become non-uniform, resulting in image unevenness. From such situation, the RF radiation carried out in high magnetic field MRI apparatus, in order to improve the image quality, a technique for reducing unevenness in the distribution of the rotating magnetic field B 1 is being required.
- the B 1 distribution of each channel is measured in advance before actual imaging, and the B 1 distribution is used to calculate the RF amplitude and phase that reduce B 1 non-uniformity (for example, (See Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1).
- a region of interest (ROI) is set and imaging is performed using at least one of RF amplitude or phase as an imaging condition so as to reduce B 1 non-uniformity in the ROI (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- a region of interest ROI
- Patent Document 2 when a plurality of ROIs are set, at least one of the amplitude and phase of RF that can reduce the variation in data among the plurality of ROIs is acquired. This solves the problem that the influence of B 1 non-uniformity differs depending on the characteristics of each subject.
- the amplitude and phase of an RF pulse that reduces B 1 non-uniformity are calculated by measuring the B 1 distribution of the imaging section in advance.
- axial directions a plurality of cross-sectional images at various positions in directions orthogonal to various axes (hereinafter referred to as axial directions) are acquired.
- AX axial
- SAG sagittal
- COR coronal
- the number of cross sections is often several to several tens per direction.
- Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 1 are used, in order to maximize the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect of all imaging sections, the B 1 distribution is measured for each imaging section, It is necessary to calculate the optimum RF amplitude and phase, which takes a lot of time. For this reason, the total imaging time is extended. On the other hand, if the B 1 distribution is measured only in a predetermined imaging section, and the calculated amplitude and phase values of one RF are applied to all other sections, the effect of reducing B 1 non-uniformity is sufficient in the other sections. May not be obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a technique for maximizing the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect by RF shimming of an imaging cross section in an arbitrary axial direction and an arbitrary position while minimizing the extension of imaging time. I will provide a.
- the invention and B 1 distribution of a predetermined number of the cross-section of a predetermined axial direction, B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect by using the RF amplitude and phase to maximize, any imaging section B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect Calculate the amplitude and phase of RF that maximizes.
- the present invention includes a static magnetic field forming unit that forms a static magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies a gradient magnetic field, a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit that has a plurality of channels that transmit different high-frequency magnetic fields to a subject, A signal receiving unit that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from a subject, and a nuclear magnetic resonance signal received by the signal receiving unit after the high-frequency magnetic field is transmitted from the high-frequency magnetic field transmitting unit to the subject.
- a first high-frequency magnetic field distribution that is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of a first distribution measurement cross section orthogonal to the axis of the first, and any imaging that is to be imaged based on the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution
- a condition calculation unit that calculates at least one of a phase and an amplitude of a high-frequency magnetic field irradiated from each of the plurality of channels in a cross-sectional imaging condition as a high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- a high-frequency magnetic field of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising: a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit having a plurality of channels that transmit different high-frequency magnetic fields to the subject; and a signal reception unit that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the outline
- A is an explanatory view of the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution shows the simulation results for AX section in the phantom
- (B) the simulation results described showing the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution in SAG section in the phantom is a view
- (C) is an explanatory view of a simulation result showing the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution in COR section in the phantom. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an imaging cross section.
- (A) is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cross-sectional position in case the imaging cross section at the time of this imaging is a some AX cross section
- (B) is an imaging cross section at the time of this imaging is a several SAG cross section. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cross-sectional position in a case
- (C) is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the cross-sectional position in case the imaging cross section at the time of this imaging is a some COR cross section.
- (A) is an imaging cross section
- (B) is an imaging cross section.
- (C) is a case where an imaging section is a COR section. It is a flowchart of the imaging process of 1st embodiment.
- (A) shows each set AX cross-sectional position and SAG cross-sectional position on the COR image of the pelvic region, and is an explanatory view for explaining a specific example of the first embodiment
- (B) is a diagram of the pelvic region It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross
- (A) is the case where the imaging section is AX section of the pelvic region, is a graph of B 1 uniformity index
- (B) is a graph of B 1 uniformity index when imaging section is SAG section of the pelvic region
- (C) is a graph of the B 1 uniformity index when the imaging section is a COR section of the pelvic region.
- the present invention calculates the RF amplitude and phase that maximize the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect of an arbitrary imaging cross section from the B 1 distribution of a predetermined number of cross sections in the predetermined axis direction.
- B 1 distributions (hereinafter also referred to as high-frequency magnetic distributions) of a plurality of different cross sections perpendicular to one predetermined axis are measured. Then, by using the B 1 distribution, calculating at least one of the amplitude and phase of the RF magnetic field (RF) is used as an imaging condition when imaging any imaging section. It is assumed that the calculated RF amplitude and phase maximize the effect of reducing the B 1 distribution non-uniformity in the imaging section.
- RF RF magnetic field
- B 1 distribution cross section measured is called the distribution measurement section, called a distribution measurement axis an axis perpendicular to the distribution measurement section.
- a distribution measurement axis an axis perpendicular to the distribution measurement section.
- at least one of the amplitude and phase of RF calculated as the imaging condition is referred to as a high frequency magnetic field condition.
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition that maximizes the B 1 distribution non-uniformity reduction effect is called the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- a cross section perpendicular to a predetermined axis is referred to as a cross section in the axial direction.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section at an arbitrary position in the B 1 distribution measurement axis direction is to interpolate the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of each distribution measurement section calculated from the B 1 distribution of a plurality of distribution measurement sections.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging cross section at an arbitrary position in the axial direction different from the B 1 distribution measurement axis is the intersection of the distribution measurement cross section and the imaging cross section from the B 1 distribution of each distribution measurement cross section.
- B 1 values of the included region (hereinafter referred to as the intersecting region) are extracted and calculated so that the variation in those values is minimized.
- the distribution measurement cross section may be one.
- the high frequency magnetic field condition obtained from the B 1 distribution of the single distribution measurement section is used as it is as the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section at an arbitrary position in the B 1 distribution measurement axis direction.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section at an arbitrary position in the axial direction different from the B 1 distribution measurement axis is calculated based on the B 1 value of the intersecting region extracted from this B 1 distribution.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a magnet 101 that generates a static magnetic field, a coil 102 that generates a gradient magnetic field, a shim coil 112 that adjusts the static magnetic field uniformity, a sequencer 104, and a high frequency
- An RF transmitting coil (transmitting coil) 114 that irradiates (transmits) a magnetic field (RF), an RF receiving coil (receiving coil) 115 that detects (receives) a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject 103, and a subject 103, a gradient magnetic field power source 105, a high frequency magnetic field generator 106, a receiver 108, a shim power source 113, and a calculator 109.
- the gradient magnetic field coil 102 and the shim coil 112 are connected to the gradient magnetic field power source 105 and the shim power source 113, respectively.
- the transmission coil 114 and the reception coil 115 are connected to the high-frequency magnetic field generator 106 and the receiver 108, respectively.
- the sequencer 104 sends commands to the gradient magnetic field power supply 105, the shim power supply 113, and the high-frequency magnetic field generator 106 to generate a gradient magnetic field and RF, respectively.
- RF is irradiated (transmitted) to the subject 103 through the transmission coil 114.
- a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject 103 by irradiating (transmitting) RF is detected (received) by the receiving coil 115 and detected by the receiver 108.
- a magnetic resonance frequency used as a reference for detection by the receiver 108 is set by the computer 109 via the sequencer 104.
- the detected signal is sent to the computer 109 through an A / D conversion circuit, where signal processing such as image reconstruction is performed.
- the result is displayed on the display 110 connected to the computer 109.
- the detected signals and measurement conditions are stored in the storage device 111 connected to the computer 109 as necessary.
- the sequencer 104 normally performs control so that each device operates at a timing and intensity programmed in advance.
- the magnet 101, shim coil 112, and shim power supply 113 constitute a static magnetic field forming unit that forms a static magnetic field space.
- the gradient magnetic field coil 102 and the gradient magnetic field power source 105 constitute a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies a gradient magnetic field to the static magnetic field space.
- the transmission coil 114 and the high-frequency magnetic field generator 106 constitute a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit that irradiates (transmits) RF to the subject 103.
- the receiving coil 115 and the receiver 108 constitute a signal receiving unit that detects (receives) a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject 103.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission coil 114 and the phantom 202.
- 3A, 3B, and 3C are examples of the B 1 distribution in the phantom 202 calculated by electromagnetic field simulation.
- 3 (A) is a simulation result showing the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution in AX section in the phantom
- FIG. 3 (B) the simulation results showing the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution in SAG section in the phantom
- FIG. 3 (C) is a simulation result showing the rotating magnetic field B 1 distribution in COR section in the phantom.
- the B 1 intensity in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C is normalized so that the maximum B 1 intensity in the phantom 202 is 1.
- 3B and 3C show the B 1 distribution within a range of 300 mm in the z-axis direction.
- a coordinate system in which the static magnetic field direction is z is used.
- the phantom 202 used in this simulation had a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the dimensions in the x, y, and z axis directions were 350 mm, 200 mm, and 600 mm, respectively. This is a dimension determined by assuming a cross section of the abdomen of the living body.
- the physical properties of the phantom 202 are set to be 0.6 S / m for conductivity and 60 for relative dielectric constant. This is determined by assuming each physical property value in the living body.
- a 24-lang birdcage coil was used as the transmission coil 114 for applying magnetic flux to the phantom 202.
- the birdcage coil (transmission coil 114) has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 615 mm and a rung length in the z-axis direction of 500 mm, and is arranged so that the central axis is parallel to the z-axis.
- the RF frequency irradiated (transmitted) from the birdcage coil (transmitting coil 114) was set to 128 MHz assuming a 3T MRI apparatus.
- the birdcage coil (transmission coil 114) has a feeding point 201 at two locations and has a structure capable of two-channel RF transmission.
- Each channel is referred to as channel 1 (ch1) and channel 2 (ch2), respectively.
- the number of power supply points 201 and the number of channels is not limited to two as long as it is plural.
- a case where the transmission coil 114 has two channels will be described as an example.
- the electromagnetic field simulation was performed by installing a cylindrical shield (not shown) having a diameter of 655 mm and a z-axis dimension of 900 mm outside the birdcage coil (transmission coil 114).
- B_ch1 is the magnetic flux generated by channel 1
- B_ch2 is channel 2
- the magnetic fluxes B_ch1 and B_ch2 are generated by feeding the voltages A1sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ 1) and A2sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ 2) to each feeding point.
- rotation field B 1 produced is represented by the following formula (1).
- B 1 (B_ch1 + i ⁇ B_ch2) / 2 (1)
- the amplitude ratio (A2 / A1) between B_ch1 and B_ch2 has been set to 1
- the phase difference ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1) has been set to ⁇ / 2.
- QD Quadrature Drive
- the amplitude and phase of the RF transmitted from is adjusted.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an imaging section when a predetermined one section is imaged when the subject 103 is a human.
- region 402 is shown.
- the z-axis direction is the axial (AX) direction
- the cross-section perpendicular to the z-axis is the AX cross-section
- the cross section perpendicular to the x axis is the SAG cross section
- the y axis direction is the coronal (COR) direction
- the cross section perpendicular to the y axis is the COR cross section.
- the B 1 distribution of the pelvic region 402 in the imaging cross section 401 is measured to obtain the B 1 distribution. Then, from the obtained B 1 distribution, to determine the optimum RF amplitude and phase to the imaging section 401. Then, it is set as an imaging condition.
- B 1 a heterogeneous reduction effect can be maximized.
- the imaging section at the time of actual imaging is not limited to one section. Multiple cross-sections are imaged in various axial directions.
- 5A shows a case where a plurality of AX cross sections 411 are imaged
- FIG. 5B shows a case where a plurality of SAG cross sections 412 are imaged
- FIG. 5C shows a case where a plurality of COR cross sections 413 are imaged. It is an example of the imaging cross section in the case of doing.
- the cross section in order to avoid the extension of the total imaging time, the cross section to measure the B 1 distribution, the number of imaging section, regardless of the direction, the predetermined direction and a predetermined number of sheets. Then, the B 1 distribution of the measured cross-section, calculated by, determining the optimum frequency magnetic field conditions for each imaging section.
- the optimum amplitude and phase of RF transmitted from each channel is set as the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition will be described.
- FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of the computer 109 according to this embodiment for realizing this.
- the computer 109 of this embodiment includes an imaging position setting unit 310, a static magnetic field shimming unit 320, an RF shimming unit 330, and a main image imaging unit 340.
- Each function of the computer 109 is realized by a CPU included in the computer 109 loading a program stored in the storage device 111 in advance into the memory and executing the program.
- the imaging position setting unit 310 performs a scout scan or the like before performing the main imaging, positions the imaging cross section, and determines each parameter related to the positioning.
- the parameters relating to the positioning are, for example, the axial direction, the number of sheets, and the position of the captured image. Then, the determined parameters are set as imaging conditions used for main image capturing.
- the process performed by the imaging position setting unit 310 is referred to as an imaging position setting process.
- the static magnetic field shimming unit 320 measures the static magnetic field distribution and performs a static magnetic field shimming process for determining each parameter related to the static magnetic field uniformity adjustment so that the static magnetic field is as uniform as possible. Then, the determined parameters are set as imaging conditions used for main image capturing.
- the process performed by the static magnetic field shimming unit 320 is referred to as a static magnetic field shimming process. If a static magnetic field uniformity sufficient for imaging can be obtained, the static magnetic field shimming process may not be performed. When the static magnetic field shimming process is not performed, the static magnetic field shimming unit 320 may not be provided.
- a case where static magnetic field shimming processing is not performed will be described as an example.
- the RF shimming unit 330 determines a parameter (high frequency magnetic field condition) related to RF shimming for each imaging section.
- the optimum RF amplitude and phase transmitted from each channel are calculated as the high-frequency magnetic field condition for each imaging section.
- the calculated high-frequency magnetic field condition is set as an imaging condition used for the main image capturing. Processing performed by the RF shimming unit 330 is referred to as RF shimming processing. Details of the RF shimming processing of this embodiment will be described later.
- the image main imaging unit 340 performs the main imaging based on the imaging conditions set in the imaging position setting unit 310, the static magnetic field shimming unit 320, and the RF shimming unit 330.
- the RF shimming unit 330 includes a distribution calculation unit 331 that calculates a B 1 distribution (high-frequency magnetic field distribution) of a distribution measurement cross section orthogonal to a predetermined distribution measurement axis from a nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the obtained B 1.
- a condition calculation unit 332 that calculates a high-frequency magnetic field condition of an arbitrary imaging cross section using the distribution, and a condition setting unit 333 that sets the obtained high-frequency magnetic field condition as an imaging condition used for main image capturing.
- the optimum RF amplitude and phase values for the imaging cross section calculated as the high-frequency magnetic field condition are set as the RF pulse parameter values in the sequencer 104.
- the voltage having the calculated amplitude and phase is set to be transmitted to the feeding point 201 of each channel of the transmission coil 114.
- the condition calculation unit 332 a region including the intersection of the imaging section and the distribution measurement section (hereinafter, intersecting region is referred to as a) B 1 distribution of the (1 value B), is extracted from the B 1 distribution of distribution measurement section A distribution extraction unit 334 is provided.
- the intersection region is a region having a predetermined width in the measurement axis direction and the direction orthogonal to the imaging section.
- the distribution calculation unit 331 performs measurement for obtaining a B 1 distribution in the imaging region, and calculates a B 1 distribution for each channel of a predetermined distribution measurement cross section from the measurement result. B 1 distribution in the imaging area by executing a predetermined sequence measures. Further, the measurement axis of the distribution measurement section, it is desirable that the change of B 1 distribution is set to a smaller direction. Alternatively, it is desirable to set the direction in which the shape change of the subject is the smallest.
- the distribution measurement cross section is the AX cross section and the measurement axis is the z-axis direction. This is due to the following reason.
- the B 1 distribution greatly depends on the shape of the imaging section, but when the shape change of the imaging section with respect to the z-axis direction is small, a plurality of AX sections with different z coordinates show substantially the same B 1 distribution. For example, when the imaging target is a pelvic region or an upper abdominal region, since the change in the cross-sectional shape with respect to the z-axis direction is relatively small, the B 1 distribution of any z coordinate shows the same tendency.
- a subject 103 is a human, when using a birdcage coil shown in FIG. 2 as the transmission coil 114, z-axis direction (AX perpendicular to the cross section) is the change in B 1 distribution is most This is a small direction and the direction in which the shape change of the subject 103 is the least, and is desirable as the measurement axis direction.
- the distribution measurement cross section it is desirable to set the distribution measurement cross section to be measured within an imaging region including all imaging cross sections.
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections to be measured is N (N is an integer of 1 or more).
- the measurement axis direction is the AX direction, and the number N of distribution measurement cross sections is three.
- a plurality of imaging sections are set in the y-axis direction (AX section), the x-axis direction (SAG section), and the y-axis direction (COR section).
- the distribution measurement cross section is set in the imaging region 420 shown in FIG. 7 including these imaging cross sections 411, 412, and 413.
- the distribution measurement cross section includes both end portions 421 and 423 of the imaging region 420 in the AX direction and the central portion as shown in FIG. Set to 422.
- the FOV Field of View
- the center in the z-axis direction of the region 420 is the origin
- z ⁇ 150 mm, 0 mm
- the FOV of the distribution measurement cross section is about 300 to 500 mm
- the slice width is about 5 to 20 mm.
- the measurement of B 1 distribution of a plurality of distribution measurement section is carried out, for example, by using a multi-slice method.
- condition calculation unit 332 calculates optimal high-frequency magnetic field conditions in different procedures depending on whether the imaging cross section is orthogonal to the measurement axis or not.
- the condition calculation unit 332 first calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field for each channel of each distribution measurement cross section, and registers the calculation result in, for example, the storage device 111 or the like.
- Each distribution measurement section, the optimum frequency magnetic field condition for each channel by using the B 1 distribution of each distribution measurement section can be calculated by the following equation (2).
- Bx m (2)
- B is a matrix representing the B 1 distribution of each channel
- m is a matrix representing the ideal B 1 distribution
- x is an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition (here, RF amplitude and phase) to be obtained.
- Matrix m for example, assuming the B 1 distribution of the ideal, the same value to all elements.
- the equation (2) is solved using, for example, the least square method, and the value of x is calculated.
- the obtained high frequency magnetic field condition is the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition.
- B 1 distribution of each channel consists of 1000 points data, if the number of channels is 2, B is a 1000 ⁇ 2 matrix. Further, x is a 2 ⁇ 1 matrix, and m is a 1000 ⁇ 1 matrix. For example, when the number of channels is 2, the number N of distribution measurement sections is 3, and the RF amplitude and phase are calculated as the high-frequency magnetic field conditions, a total of three sets of amplitude / phase values (A1, A2, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2) are calculated. Is done.
- the condition calculation unit 332 extracts two or more distribution measurement cross-sections from them, and calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging cross section by interpolation. For example, when interpolation is performed using two distribution measurement sections, it is desirable to use the high-frequency magnetic field conditions of the distribution measurement sections on both sides of the imaging section.
- the distribution measurement cross section is three sheets 511, 512, and 513 in the AX direction (z-axis direction), and the imaging cross section 510 is the same direction and the distribution measurement cross section 511 and the distribution measurement cross section.
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition is the amplitude and phase of RF.
- the z coordinates of the measurement cross sections 511, 512, and 513 are z1, z2, and z3 (z1 ⁇ z2 ⁇ z3), respectively, and the z coordinate of the imaging cross section 510 is zi (z1 ⁇ zi ⁇ z2).
- the optimum value A1 zi of the RF amplitude A1 of the channel 1 of the imaging section 510 can be calculated by the following equation (3), for example.
- A1 z1 and A1 z2 are the optimum RF amplitudes of the channel 1 of the measurement sections 511 and 512, respectively.
- the optimum RF amplitude A2 value A2 zi of the channel 2 of the imaging section is the same as A1 z1 and A1 z2 of the above equation (3), and the optimum RF amplitude A2 z1 of the channel 2 of the distribution measurement sections 511 and 512, respectively. , A2 Replace with z2 and calculate. Further, the optimum RF phase ⁇ 1 zi of the channel 1 is changed from the A1 z1 and A1 z2 of the above equation (3) to the optimum RF phases ⁇ 1 z1 and ⁇ 1 z2 of the channel 1 of the distribution measurement sections 511 and 512, respectively. Replace and calculate.
- the optimal RF phase ⁇ 2 zi of channel 2 replaces A1 z1 and A1 z2 in the above equation (3) with the optimal RF phases ⁇ 2 z1 and ⁇ 2 z2 of channel 2 of the distribution measurement sections 511 and 512, respectively. calculate.
- the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition of the matching distribution measurement cross section is directly used as the high frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section. This may be calculated using equation (3).
- the condition calculation unit 332 first causes the distribution extraction unit 334 to extract the B 1 distribution of the intersection region between the imaging cross section and the distribution measurement cross section for each channel. Then, from the obtained B 1 distribution of the intersecting region for each channel, the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section using the above equation (2). At this time, the condition calculation unit 332 uses a matrix representing the B 1 distribution of the intersection region of each channel for B in the above equation (2).
- the width of the intersecting region extracted by the distribution extracting unit 334 in the direction orthogonal to the imaging section is preferably about 10 to 80 mm. This is because if the width of the crossing region is made too small, the number of extracted B 1 values will be small and insufficient to calculate the optimal RF amplitude and phase, and conversely the length of the crossing region. This is because the position information is lost if the value is too large.
- the spatial change of the B 1 distribution mainly depends on the RF wavelength, and the spatial change becomes more severe as the wavelength becomes shorter. For this reason, it is necessary to set a smaller width as the wavelength becomes shorter.
- the distribution measurement cross section is three sheets 511, 512, and 513 in the AX direction.
- the imaging section 520 is a SAG section as shown in FIG.
- the distribution extracting unit 334, FIG. 8 (B) the out of B 1 distribution of the three distribution measurement section 511, 512 and 513, a predetermined region (intersection region) 521 and 522, Only 523 B 1 values are extracted.
- the intersecting regions 521, 522, and 523 each include an intersection line (a dotted line portion in FIG. 8B) with the imaging section 520 that is a SAG section (a section in the SAG (x-axis) direction).
- a strip-shaped region (521, 522, 523) only the B 1 value is extracted.
- the imaging section 530 is a COR section as shown in FIG.
- the distribution extraction unit 334 selects predetermined areas (intersection areas) 531, 532, among the B 1 distributions of the three distribution measurement sections 511, 512, and 513, It extracts only B 1 value of 533.
- the intersecting regions 531, 532, and 533 include intersection lines (dotted lines in FIG. 8C) with the imaging section 530 that is a COR section (a section in the COR (y-axis) direction).
- y 0 mm
- the condition calculation unit 332 by Equation (2) from the B 1 value, to calculate the optimum frequency magnetic field conditions.
- FIG. 9 is a processing flow of the imaging process of the present embodiment.
- the measurement axis direction is the AX direction
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections is N.
- the number of imaging sections is M (M is an integer of 1 or more).
- the imaging position setting unit 310 performs an imaging area setting process (step S1101).
- the distribution calculator 331 performs B 1 distribution measurement, calculates the B 1 distribution of N pieces of distribution measurement section in the AX direction (step S1102).
- the distribution calculation unit 331 refers to the parameters relating to the position of the captured image by the imaging position setting unit 310 calculates and determines the imaging area to measure the B 1 distribution.
- the RF shimming unit 330 performs RF shimming processing for each imaging section set by the imaging position setting unit 310.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition, and the high-frequency magnetic field condition calculated by the condition setting unit 333 is set.
- the RF shimming unit 330 repeats the following processing M times for the total number of imaging sections (steps S1103, S1109, and S1110).
- the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether the direction of the m-th imaging cross section (m is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M) to be processed is the measurement axis direction (step S1104). If the direction is the measurement axis direction, the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether or not the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section has been calculated (step S1105). Whether or not the calculation has been completed is determined based on, for example, whether or not the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section is registered in the storage device 111.
- step S1105 If it is determined in step S1105 that the calculation has not been completed, the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section using the above method and registers it in the storage device 111 (step S1106). Then, using the calculated optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement cross section, the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition for the m-th imaging cross section is calculated according to the above method (step S1107). On the other hand, if it has been calculated in step S1105, the process proceeds to step S1106, and the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement cross section that has already been calculated is used, and the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition for the m-th imaging cross section is determined according to the above method. Calculate
- the condition setting unit 333 sets the calculated optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition as the imaging condition of the m-th imaging section (step S1108). Then, the condition setting unit 333 determines whether or not processing has been completed for all imaging sections (step S1109). If not, m is incremented by 1 (step S1110), and the process returns to step S1104 to repeat the processing. .
- step S1109 When it is determined in step S1109 that all processing has been completed, the RF shimming unit 330 finishes the RF shimming processing, and the main image capturing unit 340 executes main image capturing (step S1111).
- step S1104 determines whether the m-th imaging cross section to be processed is not a cross-section in the measurement axis direction.
- the condition calculation unit 332 sends the m-th imaging cross-section and the distribution measurement cross-section to the distribution extraction unit 334. to extract the B 1 distribution of intersections of the (step S1112). Then, the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the m-th imaging section from the extracted B 1 distribution according to the above method (step S1113). Then, control goes to a step S1108.
- the interval between the AX sections was 75 mm in the z-axis direction
- the interval between the SAG sections was 40 mm in the x-axis direction
- the interval between the COR sections was 40 mm in the y-axis direction.
- the position on the z axis of the cross section at the center in the AX direction of the five AX cross sections was set to 0 mm
- the positions of the other four sheets on the z axis were set to ⁇ 150 mm, ⁇ 75 mm, 75 mm, and 150 mm, respectively.
- the position on the x axis of the cross section at the center of the SAG direction of the seven SAG sections is 0 mm, and the other six positions on the x axis are ⁇ 120 mm, ⁇ 80 mm, ⁇ 40 mm, 40 mm, 80 mm, and 120 mm, respectively. It was. In addition, the position on the y axis of the cross section at the center in the COR direction of the three COR cross sections was set to 0 mm, and the positions of the other two sheets on the y axis were set to ⁇ 40 mm and 40 mm, respectively.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing each set AX cross-sectional position 611 and SAG cross-sectional position 621 on the COR image 630 of the pelvic region. In order to confirm the effect of this embodiment in the entire pelvic region, such an imaging cross-sectional position was set.
- RF amplitude and phase calculation method for five AX cross sections.
- z -150mm, 0mm, for the imaging plane of the position of 150 mm, it was calculated RF amplitude and phase of a total of B 1 distribution measured at each coordinate.
- RF amplitude and phase were calculated.
- FIG. 10B shows an AX cross-sectional image 610 of the human pelvic region, a strip-shaped intersection region 622 centered on each imaging cross-section position in the SAG direction, and each imaging cross-section position for three COR directions. An intersection region 632 is shown. Note that the image 610 is an image showing the B 1 distribution of distribution measurement section.
- the other imaging cross-sections were also calculated by extracting the B 1 value of the strip-shaped intersection region 622 centered on the imaging cross-section position, and calculating the value as B in the above equation (2).
- the slice thickness is about several millimeters, but the length in the x-axis direction of the intersecting region 622 in the SAG direction in FIG. 10B is 40 mm. If the length of the intersection region 622 in the x-axis direction is too small, the number of extracted B 1 values is reduced, which may be insufficient when calculating the optimum RF amplitude and phase. Conversely, if the length in the x-axis direction of each intersection region 622 in the SAG direction is too large, the position information of the SAG cross section is impaired. For this reason, the length of the intersecting region 622 in the x-axis direction is preferably about 10 to 800 mm.
- the optimum RF amplitude and phase calculation method for three COR sections was the same as that for the SAG section. In other words, using the B 1 distribution of strip-shaped intersection region 632 centered position each imaging section, and calculates the optimum RF amplitude and phase.
- FIG. 11A is an imaging section in the AX direction in the pelvic region
- FIG. 11B is an imaging section in the SAG direction
- FIG. 11C is an imaging section in the COR direction.
- U SD uniformity index
- the result (uniformity index) by method 1 is 641
- the result (uniformity index) by method 2 is 642
- the result (uniformity index) by method 3 is 643, and QD without RF shimming is performed.
- the result at the time of irradiation is indicated by 644.
- FIG. 11B they are indicated by 651, 652, 653, and 654, respectively
- FIG. 11C they are indicated by 661, 662, 663, and 664, respectively.
- any of the method 1 (641), the method 2 (642), and the method 3 (643) is compared with the time of QD irradiation (644).
- U SD decreases, it can be seen that B 1 nonuniformity is reduced.
- Method 1 and Method 3 have substantially the same USD value in any imaging cross section, and it was shown that substantially the same B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect can be obtained by Method 1 and Method 3.
- method 1 although it takes time for B 1 distribution measurement, for measuring all the B 1 distribution in the imaging section itself, the optimum RF amplitude and phase in all the imaging section can be calculated. Therefore, it can be said that the B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect realized by the method 1 is the maximum.
- Method 2 although the B 1 distribution measurement time is as short as one sheet, the obtained amplitude and phase of one RF are applied to all 15 imaging sections. For this reason, the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect may be reduced. However, compared to the time of QD irradiation (without the RF shimming), much the value of U SD is reduced, the uniformity of the B 1 represents increasing.
- the method 3 B 1 measured time distribution is short, and, B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect becomes substantially identified degree of Method 1.
- the method 3 which is the method of the present embodiment obtains the B 1 non-uniformity reducing effect substantially the same as the method 1 in which the B 1 non-uniformity reducing effect is maximized. It was shown that Therefore, it was shown that the B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect by RF shimming can be maximized in all imaging cross sections by the method of the present embodiment. Therefore, the usefulness of the method (method 3) of this embodiment was shown.
- the cervical spine region has a larger change in the AX cross-sectional shape with respect to the z-axis direction than the pelvic region.
- the usefulness of this embodiment for such a region having a large shape change was examined.
- the experimental apparatus was a 3T MRI apparatus as in the above pelvic region, and the optimum high-frequency magnetic field conditions to be calculated were the amplitude and phase of RF.
- the effect of this embodiment was confirmed for nine AX cross sections, five SAG cross sections, and three COR cross sections.
- the AX section was 30 mm in the z-axis direction
- the SAG section was 25 mm in the x-axis direction
- the COR section was 25 mm in the y-axis direction. Further, the position on each axis of the central imaging section in each direction was set to 0 mm.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the set AX cross-sectional positions 711 and SAG cross-sectional positions 721 on the COR image 730 of the cervical spine region.
- a cross-sectional position was set.
- the distribution of B 1 was measured by using three distribution measurement cross-sections at ⁇ 120 mm, 0 mm, and 120 mm in the AX direction.
- the uniformity index U SD imaging section in each direction shown in FIG. 13. 13A is an imaging section in the AX direction in the cervical spine region, FIG. 13B is an imaging section in the SAG direction, and FIG. 13C is an imaging section in the COR direction. is the value of the uniformity index U SD in the case of applying the method.
- the results obtained by the respective methods are shown as line graphs 741, 742, 743 in FIG. 13A, as line graphs 751, 752, 753 in FIG. 13B, and as shown in FIG. 13C, respectively. These are indicated by line graphs 761, 762, and 763.
- uniformity index U SD value at QD irradiation without the RF shimming respectively, shown in 744,754,764.
- any of the method 1 (741), the method 2 (742), and the method 3 (743) is performed at the time of QD irradiation (744).
- U SD decreases, it can be seen that B 1 nonuniformity is reduced.
- Method 1 and Method 3 have substantially the same U SD value in any cross section, and it can be seen that Method 1 and Method 3 show the same B 1 non-uniformity reducing effect.
- the imaging cross sections in the SAG and COR directions also show the same tendency as shown in FIGS. 13 (B) and 13 (C). That is, in the method 2, the value of U SD in some imaging section is increased, B 1 is heterogeneous reduction effect can not be sufficiently obtained, the method 1 and the method 3, substantially the same U SD at any cross-section It becomes the value of. Therefore, it can be seen that Method 1 and Method 3 show the same B 1 non-uniformity reducing effect.
- the method of this embodiment can maximize the effect of reducing B 1 nonuniformity by RF shimming in all cross-sections.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a static magnetic field forming unit that forms a static magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies a gradient magnetic field, and a plurality of channels that transmit different high-frequency magnetic fields to the subject.
- a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit, a signal reception unit that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject, and the signal reception unit that receives the high-frequency magnetic field transmitted from the high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit to the subject A distribution calculation unit 331 that calculates a first high-frequency magnetic field distribution that is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of a first distribution measurement cross section orthogonal to the first axis from the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition includes a condition calculation section 332 for calculating, the.
- the distribution calculation unit 331 further calculates a second high-frequency magnetic field distribution, which is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of a second distribution measurement section orthogonal to the first axis, from the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the condition
- the calculation unit 332 may calculate the high-frequency magnetic field condition further based on the second high-frequency magnetic field distribution.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates an intersection line between the imaging cross section and the first distribution measurement cross section.
- a distribution extraction unit 334 for extracting a cross-region high-frequency magnetic field distribution, which is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of the region including the distribution region, from the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution, and using the cross-region high-frequency magnetic field distribution, May be calculated.
- the condition calculation unit 332 By interpolating the first high-frequency magnetic field condition calculated from the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution and the second high-frequency magnetic field condition calculated from the second high-frequency magnetic field distribution, the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section is calculated. Also good.
- each high frequency magnetic field condition that maximizes the uniform reduction effect is calculated. For example, after measuring the B 1 distribution of only a few sheets of AX direction, for optimum high frequency magnetic field conditions for imaging the cross-section of an arbitrary position in the AX direction, the optimal calculated from two B 1 distribution close to the imaging section For the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition obtained by interpolating from the high-frequency magnetic field condition and for the imaging section at an arbitrary position in the SAG and COR directions, only the B 1 value in the intersection region with the imaging section is extracted from the B 1 distribution. , Use it to find out.
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition for each channel of an arbitrary imaging cross section is calculated using the B 1 distribution of the distribution measurement cross section in the uniaxial direction. Therefore, since the time required to measure the B 1 distribution is small, the extension of the total imaging time can be suppressed. Further, the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section is calculated by an optimum method for each of the measurement axis direction and the other directions using the characteristics of the change in the B 1 distribution due to the properties of the transmission coil, the shape of the subject, and the like. .
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each imaging section can be obtained with substantially the same accuracy as the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition actually obtained from the B 1 distribution of the imaging section, and the same B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect can be obtained. be able to.
- the measurement axis is in particular one direction.
- the multi-slice method can be used for the B 1 distribution measurement. Accordingly, it is possible to measure the necessary B 1 distribution of all distribution measurement cross sections in the same measurement time as when measuring the B 1 distribution of one cross section, and to suppress the time required for the B 1 distribution measurement.
- the B 1 distribution of each distribution measurement section method of calculating the high-frequency magnetic field conditions (RF amplitude and phase) is not limited to this.
- the method described in Patent Document 2 may be used.
- the RF amplitude and phase may be changed at certain intervals to calculate the uniformity, and the RF phase and amplitude with the highest uniformity may be set as the optimum RF phase and amplitude.
- the RF amplitude and the phase that are optimum for reducing the nonuniformity of the B 1 distribution are calculated as the high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- both the amplitude and the phase of the RF are necessarily calculated. There is no need, and either one may be sufficient. For example, when it is desired to control only the phase, it is only necessary to calculate x while fixing the amplitude value when solving Equation (2). Similarly, when it is desired to control only the amplitude, the value of the phase is fixed and equation (2) is solved to calculate x.
- the imaging cross section is mainly a cross section in three directions of the AX cross section, the SAG cross section, and the COR cross section
- the imaging cross section is not limited thereto. It may be an axial cross section inclined by a predetermined angle from these directions. That is, the imaging cross section may be an imaging cross section of oblique imaging.
- the condition calculation unit 332 causes the distribution extraction unit 334 to extract the B 1 value of the intersection region between the imaging cross section and the distribution measurement cross section, and uses this to calculate the optimum of the imaging cross section, unless the imaging cross section is parallel to the distribution measurement cross section.
- the high frequency magnetic field conditions are calculated.
- Figure 14 is a diagram for explaining a region (intersection region) to be extracted, and the B 1 value when performing oblique imaging of a predetermined angle inclined cross section from SAG section and the imaging section.
- the distribution measurement cross section is assumed to be three cross sections 511, 512, and 513 in the AX direction as in the above embodiment.
- predetermined areas including intersection lines between the imaging section 540 and the distribution measurement sections 511, 512, and 513 are defined as the intersection areas 541, 542, and 543, and the intersection areas. extracting the B 1 value. Then, the same processing as in the case where the imaging section 540 is orthogonal to an axis other than the measurement axis is performed, and an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition is calculated.
- an error message may be displayed.
- the B 1 distribution of three AX cross sections is acquired as the distribution measurement cross section, and the B 1 value extracted when the distribution extracting unit 334 extracts the B 1 distribution in the intersection area with the imaging cross section of the oblique imaging.
- An error message is output if there is a distribution measurement section where the number of is zero. Thereafter, the user may be configured to take measures such as increasing the number of distribution measurement cross sections or reducing the interval between distribution measurement cross sections.
- the distribution calculation unit 331 increases the number of distribution measurement cross sections by a predetermined number, or the interval between distribution measurement cross sections is a predetermined length. only reduced, such to change the conditions for distribution calculation process, again, it may be configured to perform the B 1 distribution measurement. By introducing such a flow, the optimum RF amplitude and phase can be calculated even when the oblique angle of the imaging section is large.
- the distribution measurement cross section number N may be one.
- the change in the cross-sectional shape of the subject 103 with respect to the measurement axis direction is small.
- there is little change in the shape of the AX cross section of the subject 103 with respect to the z-axis direction which is almost the same.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the distribution measurement section is directly used as the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section for the imaging section in the measurement axis direction.
- the high frequency magnetic field condition calculated using the B1 distribution in the region intersecting with the distribution measurement cross section is set as the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition.
- N when it is known in advance that the change in the cross-sectional shape of the subject 103 in the measurement axis direction is large, the number of N is set large. That is, in the above specific example, when the shape change of the AX section with respect to the z-axis direction is large, N may be 4 or more.
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections may be determined in accordance with the change in the cross sectional shape of the subject in the measurement axis direction, the size of the FOV, and the like.
- the distribution measurement cross section for measuring the B 1 distribution is, as a general rule, the direction of the measurement axis, the direction in which the change in the B 1 distribution is small, and / or the shape change of the subject is small.
- the direction is desirable.
- the case where the AX direction satisfying these conditions is set as the measurement axis direction has been described as an example.
- the measurement axis direction does not necessarily satisfy these conditions.
- the SAG direction or the COR direction may be used.
- the importance of the cross section other than the direction satisfying the above condition is higher than the importance of the cross section in the direction, or when the cross section in the direction is not captured.
- the measurement axis with the direction of the imaging section having a high importance level, it is possible to more reliably obtain the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect of the imaging section having a high importance level.
- the distribution measurement cross section with the measurement axis as the SAG direction or the COR direction is used.
- the optimum RF amplitude and phase may be calculated by using the SAG cross section as the distribution measurement cross section and acquiring the B 1 distribution.
- the measurement axis is made into 1 direction, it is good also as 2 directions. That is, the direction of the distribution measurement section which measures the B 1 distribution may be two directions. For example, by acquiring the B 1 distribution in two directions of the AX direction and the SAG direction, the amount of information related to the B 1 distribution increases. Therefore, compared with the case of calculating the optimum frequency magnetic field conditions from one direction of B 1 distribution, it can achieve a higher B 1 nonuniformity reduction effect.
- the width of the intersecting region extracted by the distribution extracting unit 334 in the direction orthogonal to the imaging section may be optimally adjusted by changing the setting value of the width as a parameter.
- the width for obtaining a high-frequency magnetic field condition exhibiting the highest B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect is set as an optimum value. This is because if the width of the crossing region is made too small, the number of extracted B 1 values will be small and insufficient to calculate the optimal RF amplitude and phase, and conversely the length of the crossing region. This is because the position information is lost if the value is too large.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition is obtained and set for each imaging section, but the acquisition of the high-frequency magnetic field condition is not limited to each imaging section.
- One optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition may be calculated and set for each region having a predetermined width in each axial direction.
- FIG. 15 shows an AX cross section 810 of the human pelvic region, regions 821, 822, and 823 divided into three in the x-axis direction, and regions 831, 832, and 833 divided into three in the y-axis direction.
- the entire imaging region is divided into three areas: a left side 821, a center 822, and a right side 823 in the figure.
- the entire imaging region is divided into three areas: an upper side 831, a center 832, and a lower side 833 in the drawing.
- the distribution extraction unit 334 extracts the B 1 value for each of the left side 821, the center 822, and the right side 823 regions. And the condition calculation part 332 calculates the optimal high frequency magnetic field conditions about each area
- the RF amplitude and phase of each channel (A1_L, A2_L, ⁇ 1_L, ⁇ 2_L ) and, using the B 1 value in the central region 822, the amplitude of the RF of each channel and phase (A1_C, A2_C, ⁇ 1_C, ⁇ 2_C ) and, using the B 1 value in the right region 823, RF amplitude and phase of each channel (A1_R, A2_R, ⁇ 1_R, ⁇ 2_R ) to be calculated.
- the RF amplitude and phase (A1_C, A2_C, ⁇ 1_C, ⁇ 2_C) are calculated.
- the optimal RF amplitude and phase (A1_C, A2_C, ⁇ 1_C, ⁇ 2_C) of the central region 822 are all used for the imaging cross section that is the SAG cross section with the x coordinate in the range of ⁇ 75 mm to 75 mm.
- condition calculation unit 332 determines the high-frequency magnetic field condition of each divided region obtained by dividing an imaging region including all imaging cross sections into a predetermined number in the same direction as the imaging cross section.
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the sectioned region including the imaging section in the sectioned region is set as the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section.
- one optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition is calculated and set for each imaging section in the sequencer 104. It is possible to reduce time and labor when setting the parameter value of each RF pulse.
- the MRI apparatus of this embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- the functional configuration of the computer 109 that realizes this is different from that of the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram of the computer 109 of this embodiment. Similar to the first embodiment, the computer 109 according to this embodiment includes an imaging position setting unit 310, a static magnetic field shimming unit 320, an RF shimming unit 330, and a main image imaging unit 340. Each function of the computer 109 is realized by a CPU included in the computer 109 loading a program stored in the storage device 111 in advance into the memory and executing the program.
- RF shimming unit 330 of this embodiment like the first embodiment, distribution calculation for calculating B 1 distribution of distribution measurement section perpendicular to the predetermined distribution measurement axis from the nuclear magnetic resonance signals (high-frequency magnetic field distribution)
- a condition calculation unit 332 that calculates a high-frequency magnetic field condition of an arbitrary imaging section using the unit 331 and the obtained B 1 distribution; and a condition setting that sets the obtained high-frequency magnetic field condition as an imaging condition used for main image capturing Unit 333.
- a distribution extraction unit 334 is provided.
- Each of these functions is basically the same as the function of the same name in the first embodiment.
- condition calculation unit 332 of the present embodiment further includes an average value calculation unit 335 that calculates an average value (B 1 average value) of B 1 values in each distribution measurement cross section.
- the condition calculation unit 332 of the present embodiment when calculating the optimal frequency magnetic field conditions for each distribution measurement section, consider the B 1 average values within each distribution measurement section which average value calculating unit 335 is calculated.
- Condition calculation unit 332 of the present embodiment when the imaging cross section measuring axis direction, the optimum frequency magnetic field conditions for each distribution measurement section calculated, adjusted to B 1 average value is constant, the imaging cross-section measuring axis If the direction is not the direction, an optimum high frequency magnetic field condition is calculated after adjusting so that the B 1 average value of the extracted B 1 distribution of each intersection region is constant.
- three distribution measurement cross sections are arranged in the AX direction (for example, 511, 512, 513 in FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 8C, hereinafter D1, D2, referred to as D3.) and the (to get the three B 1 distribution AX direction), condition calculation unit 332, the imaging cross-section of the measuring axis direction, i.e., distribution measurement section parallel to an imaging section (AX section, For example, the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition of 510) in FIG. 8A is calculated by the following procedure.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section (D1, D2, D3) in the same procedure as in the first embodiment. Also, the average value calculation unit 335 calculates the B 1 average value of each distribution measurement cross section (D1, D2, D3), and registers the average value in the storage device 111, for example. Here, the B 1 average value of the distribution measurement section obtained (D1, D2, D3), respectively, and 0.8,1.0,0.8.
- the condition calculation unit 332 adjusts the B 1 average value of each distribution measurement cross section (D 1, D 2, D 3) so that the B 1 average value of all distribution measurement cross sections becomes constant, and registers the B 1 average value in the storage device 111.
- B 1 average of all the distribution measurement section is 1.0
- the distribution measurement section D1 and D3 the optimal frequency magnetic field conditions, to 1.25 times.
- the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section is calculated by interpolation or the like in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
- the condition calculation unit 332 includes an imaging cross section other than the measurement axis direction, for example, a SAG cross section (for example, 520 in FIG. 8B), a COR cross section (for example, As shown in FIG. 8C, 530), the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section that is not parallel to the distribution measurement section is calculated in the following procedure.
- the condition calculation unit 332 first causes the distribution extraction unit 334 to extract the B 1 value of the intersection region between the imaging cross section and each distribution measurement cross section (D1, D2, D3) in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
- each of the intersection regions of the first captured image and the distribution measurement cross section for example, 521 in FIG. 8B).
- E1_1, E1_2, and E1_3 in the present embodiment
- the intersection regions of the second captured image and the distribution measurement cross section are respectively (for example, 521 in FIG. 8B).
- E2_1, E2_2, and E2_3 in this embodiment.
- the average value calculation unit 335 calculates the B 1 average value of the entire intersection regions (E1_1, E1_2, E1_3) and the B 1 average value of the entire intersection regions (E2_1, E2_2, E2_3).
- the condition calculation unit 332 determines the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging cross section in the procedure of the first embodiment so that the B 1 average value of all the imaging cross-sectional positions (here, two positions) is constant. calculate.
- the condition calculation unit 332 determines that the B 1 average values of all distribution measurement cross-sections are, for example, 1.0 so as, B 1 average value optimal frequency magnetic field conditions in the imaging section of 0.8 to 1.25.
- FIG. 17 is a processing flow of imaging processing according to the present embodiment.
- the measurement axis direction is the AX direction
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections is N (N is an integer of 2 or more).
- the number of imaging sections is M (M is an integer of 1 or more).
- the imaging position setting unit 310 performs an imaging area setting process (step S2101).
- the distribution calculator 331 performs B 1 distribution measurement, calculates the B 1 distribution of N pieces of distribution measurement section in the AX direction (step S2102).
- the distribution calculation unit 331 refers to the parameters relating to the position of the captured image by the imaging position setting unit 310 calculates and determines the imaging area to measure the B 1 distribution.
- the RF shimming unit 330 performs RF shimming processing for each imaging section set by the imaging position setting unit 310.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition, and the high-frequency magnetic field condition calculated by the condition setting unit 333 is set.
- the RF shimming unit 330 repeats the following process M times for the total number of imaging sections (steps S2103, S2110, and S2111).
- the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether the direction of the m-th imaging cross section (m is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M) to be processed is the measurement axis direction (step S2104). If the direction is the measurement axis direction, the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether or not the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjustment of each distribution measurement section has been calculated (step S2105). Whether or not the calculation has been completed is determined based on, for example, whether or not the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjustment of each distribution measurement section is registered in the storage device 111.
- step S2105 If it is determined in step S2105 that the calculation has not been completed, the condition calculation unit 332 first calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition and B 1 average value of each distribution measurement section (step S2106). As mentioned above, B 1 average, is calculated on the average value calculation section 321. The condition calculation unit 332, using the calculated B 1 average value, and adjust the optimum frequency magnetic field conditions for each distribution measurement section above method, is registered in the storage unit 111 as a high-frequency magnetic field conditions after the adjustment (Step S2107 ). Then, using the obtained optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjusting each distribution measurement cross section, the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the m-th imaging cross section is calculated according to the above method (step S2108). On the other hand, if the calculation has been completed in step S2105, the process proceeds to step S2108, and the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement cross section that has already been calculated is used. Calculate
- the condition setting unit 333 sets the calculated optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition as the imaging condition of the m-th imaging section (step S2109). Then, the condition setting unit 333 determines whether or not processing has been completed for all imaging sections (step S2110). If not, m is incremented by 1 (step S2111), and the process returns to step S2103 to repeat the processing. .
- step S2110 If it is determined in step S2110 that all the processes have been completed, the RF shimming unit 330 finishes the RF shimming process, and the main image capturing unit 340 executes the main image capturing (step S2112).
- step S2104 determines whether the m-th imaging section to be processed is not a section in the measurement axis direction. If it is determined in step S2104 that the m-th imaging section to be processed is not a section in the measurement axis direction, the condition calculation unit 332 sends the m-th imaging section and the distribution measurement section to the distribution extraction unit 334. to extract the B 1 distribution of intersections of the (step S2113). Then, the condition calculation unit 332 causes the average value calculation unit 335 to calculate the average value of the B 1 distribution (B 1 value) of each intersection region (step S2114). Then, the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the m-th imaging section according to the above method (step S2115). Then, control goes to a step S2109.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a static magnetic field forming unit that forms a static magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies a gradient magnetic field, and a plurality of channels that transmit different high-frequency magnetic fields to the subject.
- a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit, a signal reception unit that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject, and the signal reception unit that receives the high-frequency magnetic field transmitted from the high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit to the subject A distribution calculation unit 331 that calculates a first high-frequency magnetic field distribution that is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of a first distribution measurement cross section orthogonal to the first axis from the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition includes a condition calculation section 332 for calculating, the.
- the first distribution measurement cross section is plural, and the imaging cross section is perpendicular to the first axis and is different from any of the plurality of first distribution measurement cross sections, the condition calculation is performed.
- the unit 332 further includes, for each of the plurality of first distribution measurement cross sections, an average value calculation unit 335 that calculates a magnetic field average value that is an average value of the high-frequency magnetic field values in each first distribution measurement cross section.
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the first cross section is adjusted so that the average value of each magnetic field is constant, and the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section is calculated by interpolating the adjusted high-frequency magnetic field conditions.
- the condition calculation unit 332 includes the first distribution measurement cross section.
- a distribution extraction unit 334 that extracts a cross-region high-frequency magnetic field distribution, which is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of each region including an intersection line between a cross-section and the imaging cross-section, from each of the first high-frequency magnetic field distributions;
- An average value calculation unit 335 that calculates a magnetic field average value that is an average value of the high-frequency magnetic field values in the region, and sets the high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging cross section so that each magnetic field average value is constant. calculate.
- the B 1 distribution of the uniaxial distribution measurement cross section is used and the characteristics of the change in the B 1 distribution are used to optimize each imaging cross section.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging section is calculated by a simple method.
- the measurement axis direction is one direction.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each imaging section can be obtained with substantially the same accuracy as the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition actually obtained from the B 1 distribution of the imaging section.
- B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect can be obtained.
- the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect by RF shimming can be maximized regardless of the imaging cross section while minimizing the extension of the imaging time, and the efficiency is improved regardless of the imaging cross section.
- a high-quality image can be obtained well.
- the B 1 average value between a plurality of distribution measurement cross sections is also adjusted, the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect can be further enhanced, and the higher image quality can be achieved. An image can be obtained.
- the B 1 distribution calculation method may be used as the B 1 distribution calculation method.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition either the amplitude or the phase of RF may be used.
- the direction of the imaging cross section may be oblique. In this case, you may comprise so that the same countermeasure as 1st embodiment may be performed.
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections may be determined according to a change in the cross sectional shape of the subject in the measurement axis direction, the size of the FOV, and the like.
- the measurement axis direction a desired direction may be selected according to the imaging condition and the imaging target.
- the number of measurement axis directions may be two directions.
- an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition may be set for each region.
- the RF amplitude and phase are determined as optimum high-frequency magnetic field conditions under the restriction that the upper limit value of the high-frequency magnetic field (RF) output is not exceeded.
- the upper limit value of the RF output is determined by, for example, the upper limit value of the RF energy amount (SAR; Specific Absorption Ratio) absorbed by the human body, the output limit value of the RF amplifier, or the like.
- SAR Specific Absorption Ratio
- the upper limit value of the RF output is determined so as to suppress the whole body SAR or the local SAR to such an extent that the human body is not affected.
- the upper limit value of the RF output is determined based on, for example, the correspondence relationship between the RF output, the magnetic field (B 1 value), and the SAR value obtained by electromagnetic field analysis simulation.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of this embodiment has basically the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. However, as described above, in this embodiment, the upper limit value of the RF output is taken into consideration when setting the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition. Therefore, the functional configuration of the computer 109 that realizes this is different from that of the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment will be described focusing on the configuration different from the first embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a functional block diagram of the computer 109 of this embodiment.
- the computer 109 of this embodiment includes an imaging position setting unit 310, a static magnetic field shimming unit 320, an RF shimming unit 330, and a main image imaging unit 340, as in the first embodiment.
- Each function of the computer 109 is realized by a CPU included in the computer 109 loading a program stored in the storage device 111 in advance into the memory and executing the program.
- RF shimming unit 330 of this embodiment like the first embodiment, distribution calculation for calculating B 1 distribution of distribution measurement section perpendicular to the predetermined distribution measurement axis from the nuclear magnetic resonance signals (high-frequency magnetic field distribution)
- a condition calculation unit 332 that calculates a high-frequency magnetic field condition of an arbitrary imaging section using the unit 331 and the obtained B 1 distribution; and a condition setting that sets the obtained high-frequency magnetic field condition as an imaging condition used for main image capturing Unit 333.
- a distribution extraction unit 334 is provided.
- Each of these functions is basically the same as the function of the same name in the first embodiment.
- condition calculation unit 332 of the present embodiment further includes an output calculation unit 336 that calculates a ratio of the SAR to the predetermined upper limit value of the SAR when RF is transmitted under the calculated optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- the RF output and the SAR value are associated in advance by an electromagnetic field analysis simulation, and the SAR value corresponding to the predetermined RF output is obtained from the correspondence.
- the SAR upper limit value is determined from the SAR value determined in consideration of safety to the human body.
- the output calculation unit 336 calculates the ratio by dividing the SAR value by the SAR upper limit value.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates the RF amplitude of the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition of the distribution measurement cross section. Is adjusted so as not to exceed the SAR upper limit value.
- three distribution measurement cross sections are arranged in the AX direction (for example, 511, 512, 513 in FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 8C, hereinafter D1, D2, referred to as D3.) and the (to get the three B 1 distribution AX direction), condition calculation unit 332, the imaging cross-section of the measuring axis direction, i.e., distribution measurement section parallel to an imaging section (AX section, For example, the optimum high frequency magnetic field condition of 510) in FIG. 8A is calculated by the following procedure.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates optimum high-frequency magnetic field conditions for each distribution measurement section (D1, D2, D3) in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
- the output calculation unit 336 calculates the ratio based on the SAR value and the SAR upper limit value in each distribution measurement section (D1, D2, D3). Then, the condition calculation unit 332 divides the calculated optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition by the ratio for the distribution measurement cross section with the ratio exceeding 1, and obtains the adjusted optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- the condition calculation unit 332 sets the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the distribution measurement section D1.
- the RF amplitude is divided by 1.25, that is, multiplied by 0.8 to obtain the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjustment.
- the optimal high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section is calculated by interpolation or the like in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
- the condition calculation unit 332 includes an imaging cross section other than the measurement axis direction, for example, a SAG cross section (for example, 520 in FIG. 8B), a COR cross section (for example, As shown in FIG. 8C, 530), the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the imaging section that is not parallel to the distribution measurement section is calculated in the following procedure.
- the condition calculation unit 332 first causes the distribution extraction unit 334 to extract the B 1 value of the intersection region between the imaging cross section and each distribution measurement cross section (D1, D2, D3) in the same procedure as in the first embodiment.
- each of the intersection regions of the first captured image and the distribution measurement cross section for example, 521 in FIG. 8B).
- E1_1, E1_2, and E1_3 in the present embodiment
- the intersection regions of the second captured image and the distribution measurement cross section are respectively (for example, 521 in FIG. 8B).
- E2_1, E2_2, and E2_3 in this embodiment.
- the output calculation unit 336 calculates a ratio based on the SAR value and the SAR upper limit value in each distribution measurement cross section. Then, an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition is calculated using the B 1 value of each adjusted crossing region.
- the condition calculation unit 332 divides the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition at the imaging cross-section with the ratio of 1.25 by 1.25. . That is, it is multiplied by 0.8. Then, an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging cross section is calculated.
- FIG. 19 is a processing flow of the imaging process of the present embodiment.
- the measurement axis direction is the AX direction
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections is N (N is an integer of 2 or more).
- the number of imaging sections is M (M is an integer of 1 or more).
- the imaging position setting unit 310 performs an imaging area setting process (step S3101).
- the distribution calculator 331 performs B 1 distribution measurement, calculates the B 1 distribution of N pieces of distribution measurement section in the AX direction (step S3102).
- the distribution calculation unit 331 refers to the parameters relating to the position of the captured image by the imaging position setting unit 310 calculates and determines the imaging area to measure the B 1 distribution.
- the RF shimming unit 330 performs RF shimming processing for each imaging section set by the imaging position setting unit 310.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition, and the high-frequency magnetic field condition calculated by the condition setting unit 333 is set.
- the RF shimming unit 330 repeats the following processing M times for the total number of imaging sections (steps S3103, S3111, and S3112).
- the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether or not the direction of the m-th imaging cross section (m is an integer satisfying 1 ⁇ m ⁇ M) to be processed is the measurement axis direction (step S3104). If the direction is the measurement axis direction, the condition calculation unit 332 determines whether or not the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section has been calculated (step S3105). Whether or not the calculation has been completed is determined based on, for example, whether or not the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjustment of each distribution measurement section is registered in the storage device 111.
- step S3105 If it is determined in step S3105 that the calculation has not been completed, the condition calculation unit 332 first calculates the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section (step S3106). Then, the condition calculation unit 332 calculates a ratio based on the SAR value and the SAR upper limit value in each distribution measurement cross section (step S3107). The calculation is performed by the output calculation unit 336 as described above.
- the condition calculation unit 332 adjusts the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of each distribution measurement section according to the obtained ratio by the above-described method, and registers the adjusted high-frequency magnetic field condition in the storage device 111 (step S3108). . Then, using the obtained optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition after adjusting each distribution measurement cross section, the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the m-th imaging cross section is calculated according to the above method (step S3109). On the other hand, if it has been calculated in step S3105, the process proceeds to step S3109, and the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each distribution measurement section that has already been calculated is used. Calculate
- the condition setting unit 333 sets the calculated optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition as the imaging condition of the m-th imaging section (step S3110). Then, the condition setting unit 333 determines whether or not the processing has been completed for all imaging sections (step S3111). If not, m is incremented by 1 (step S3112), and the process returns to step S3104 to repeat the processing. .
- step S3111 If it is determined in step S3111 that all processing has been completed, the RF shimming unit 330 finishes the RF shimming processing, and the main image capturing unit 340 executes main image capturing (step S3113).
- step S3104 if it is determined in step S3104 that the m-th imaging section to be processed is not a section in the measurement axis direction, the condition calculation unit 332 sends the m-th imaging section and the distribution measurement section to the distribution extraction unit 334. to extract the B 1 distribution of intersections of the (step S3114).
- the condition calculation unit 332 causes the output calculation unit 336 to calculate the SAR ratio according to the above method (step S3115). Then, the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the m-th imaging section is calculated (step S3116). Then, control goes to a step S3110.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a static magnetic field forming unit that forms a static magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field application unit that applies a gradient magnetic field, and a plurality of channels that transmit different high-frequency magnetic fields to the subject.
- a high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit, a signal reception unit that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject, and the signal reception unit that receives the high-frequency magnetic field transmitted from the high-frequency magnetic field transmission unit to the subject A distribution calculation unit 331 that calculates a first high-frequency magnetic field distribution that is a high-frequency magnetic field distribution of a first distribution measurement cross section orthogonal to the first axis from the nuclear magnetic resonance signal, and the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution
- the high-frequency magnetic field condition includes a condition calculation section 332 for calculating, the.
- condition calculation unit 332 uses either the first high-frequency magnetic field distribution or the calculated high-frequency magnetic field condition, and the SAR when the high-frequency magnetic field is irradiated from the high-frequency magnetic field irradiation unit under the calculated high-frequency magnetic field condition.
- the B 1 distribution of the uniaxial distribution measurement cross section is used and the characteristics of the change in the B 1 distribution are used to optimize each imaging cross section.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for the imaging section is calculated by a simple method.
- the measurement axis direction is one direction.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition for each imaging section can be obtained with substantially the same accuracy as the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition actually obtained from the B 1 distribution of the imaging section.
- B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect can be obtained.
- the B 1 non-uniformity reduction effect by RF shimming can be maximized regardless of the imaging cross section while minimizing the extension of the imaging time, and the efficiency is improved regardless of the imaging cross section.
- a high-quality image can be obtained well.
- the RF output is adjusted so as not to exceed a predetermined upper limit of the SAR. Therefore, an MRI apparatus with high safety can be provided.
- the SAR value and the upper limit value of the SAR are determined based on the electromagnetic field analysis simulation data, but the definition of these values is not limited to this.
- a system that measures SAR may be used. For example, previously grasping the relationship between actually measured B 1 value and SAR, it may define values and SAR upper limit value of the SAR on the basis thereof.
- the RF output is adjusted based on the SAR upper limit value.
- the RF output may be adjusted based on the output limit value of the RF amplifier.
- the condition calculation unit 332 calculates a ratio between a certain RF output value and an RF amplifier output limit value, and when the ratio exceeds 1, the RF amplitude of the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the distribution measurement section is calculated as follows: The RF amplifier output value is adjusted so as not to exceed by dividing by the obtained ratio.
- the B 1 distribution calculation method may be used as the B 1 distribution calculation method.
- the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition either the amplitude or the phase of RF may be used.
- the direction of the imaging cross section may be oblique. In this case, you may comprise so that the same countermeasure as 1st embodiment may be performed.
- the number of distribution measurement cross sections may be determined according to a change in the cross sectional shape of the subject in the measurement axis direction, the size of the FOV, and the like.
- the measurement axis direction a desired direction may be selected according to the imaging condition and the imaging target.
- the number of measurement axis directions may be two directions.
- an optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition may be set for each region.
- the B 1 non-uniformity reduction of the entire imaging region may be considered. That is, in the RF shimming process, as in the second embodiment, the B 1 average value is used to adjust the optimum high-frequency magnetic field condition of the distribution measurement cross section, or the intersection area B 1 average value is used. Do. By comprising in this way, the effect by 2nd embodiment can further be acquired.
- the RF shimming unit 330 is constructed on the computer 109 provided in the MRI apparatus 100, but is not limited to this configuration.
- it may be constructed on a general information processing apparatus that can transmit and receive data to and from the MRI apparatus 100 and is independent of the MRI apparatus 100.
- 100 MRI apparatus, 101: magnet, 102: gradient coil, 103: subject, 104: sequencer, 105: gradient magnetic field power supply, 106: high-frequency magnetic field generator, 107: table, 108: receiver, 109: shim power supply , 109: computer, 110: display, 111: storage device, 112: shim coil, 113: shim power source, 114: transmission coil, 115: reception coil, 201: feeding point, 202: phantom, 310: imaging position setting unit, 320 : Static magnetic field shimming section, 321: Average value calculation section, 330: RF shimming section, 331: Distribution calculation section, 332: Condition calculation section, 333: Condition setting section, 334: Distribution extraction section, 335: Average calculation section, 336 : Output calculation unit, 340: main image imaging unit, 401: imaging cross section, 402: human pelvis region, 411: AX cross section 412: SAG cross section, 413: COR cross section,
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の第一の実施形態について説明する。まず、本実施形態のMRI装置の全体構成について説明する。図1は、本実施形態のMRI装置100のブロック図である。本図に示すように、本実施形態のMRI装置100は、静磁場を発生するマグネット101と、傾斜磁場を発生するコイル102と、静磁場均一度を調整するシムコイル112と、シーケンサ104と、高周波磁場(RF)を照射(送信)するRF送信用コイル(送信コイル)114と、被検体103から発生する核磁気共鳴信号を検出(受信)するRF受信用コイル(受信コイル)115と、被検体103を載置するテーブル107と、傾斜磁場電源105と、高周波磁場発生器106と、受信器108と、シム電源113と、計算機109と、を備える。
B1=(B_ch1+i×B_ch2)/2・・・(1)
従来のMRI装置においては、このB1を最も効率よく生成するために、B_ch1とB_ch2との、振幅比(A2/A1)を1、位相差(φ2-φ1)をπ/2に設定してきた。これは、QD(Quadrature Drive)と呼ばれるRF照射方法で、標準的な設定である。
Bx=m・・・(2)
ここで、Bは、各チャンネルのB1分布を表す行列、mは、理想のB1分布を表す行列、xは、求めたい最適な高周波磁場条件(ここでは、RFの振幅および位相)である。行列mは、例えば、理想のB1分布を想定し、全ての要素を同じ値とする。上記式(2)を、例えば、最小二乗法を用いて解き、xの値を算出する。得られた高周波磁場条件が、最適な高周波磁場条件である。
次に、本発明の第二の実施形態を説明する。第一の実施形態では、撮像断面毎に、当該撮像断面においてB1不均一低減効果が最大となるよう、最適な高周波磁場条件を設定している。一方、本実施形態では、撮像領域全体のB1不均一低減効果を考慮し、最適な高周波磁場条件を設定する。
以下、本発明の第三の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、高周波磁場(RF)出力の上限値を超えないという制約の下に、最適な高周波磁場条件としてRFの振幅および位相を決定する。
Claims (20)
- 静磁場を形成する静磁場形成部と、
傾斜磁場を印加する傾斜磁場印加部と、
被検体にそれぞれ異なる高周波磁場を送信する複数のチャンネルを有する高周波磁場送信部と、
前記被検体から発生する核磁気共鳴信号を受信する信号受信部と、
前記高周波磁場送信部から前記被検体に前記高周波磁場が送信された後に前記信号受信部が受信した核磁気共鳴信号から、第一の軸に直交する第一の分布計測断面の高周波磁場分布である第一の高周波磁場分布を算出する分布計算部と、
前記第一の高周波磁場分布に基づいて、撮像の対象とする任意の撮像断面の撮像条件の中の前記複数のチャンネル各々から照射する高周波磁場の位相および振幅の少なくとも一方を高周波磁場条件として算出する条件計算部と、を備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記分布計算部は、前記核磁気共鳴信号から、前記第一の軸に直交する第二の分布計測断面の高周波磁場分布である第二の高周波磁場分布をさらに算出し、
前記条件計算部は、第二の高周波磁場分布にさらに基づいて、前記高周波磁場条件を算出すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記撮像断面は、前記第一の軸とは異なる第二の軸に直交する断面であり、
前記条件計算部は、
前記撮像断面と前記第一の分布計測断面との交線を含む領域の高周波磁場分布である交差領域高周波磁場分布を、前記第一の高周波磁場分布から抽出する分布抽出部を備え、
前記交差領域高周波磁場分布を用いて、前記撮像断面の前記高周波磁場条件を算出すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記撮像断面は、前記第一の軸に直交し、かつ、前記第一の分布計測断面および前記第二の分布計測断面のいずれとも異なる断面であり、
前記条件計算部は、前記第一の高周波磁場分布から算出した第一の高周波磁場条件と前記第二の高周波磁場分布から算出した第二の高周波磁場条件とを補間することにより、前記撮像断面の高周波磁場条件を算出すること
特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の軸の方向は、撮像空間内で磁場分布の変化が最も少ない方向であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の軸の方向は、被検体の形状変化が最も少ない方向であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の軸の方向は、アキシャル方向であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第二の軸は、前記第一の軸に直交すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項8記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の軸の方向は体軸方向であり、前記第二の軸の方向はコロナル方向、もしくはサジタル方向であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - [規則91に基づく訂正 14.09.2012]
請求項3記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記交線を含む領域は、前記撮像断面のスライス厚より大きい領域とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項10記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記交線を含む領域は、当該交線を中心として、幅が10~80mmの短冊状の領域であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記条件計算部は、全撮像断面が含まれる撮像領域を前記撮像断面と同方向に所定数に分割することにより得た各区分領域の前記高周波磁場条件を、前記第一の高周波磁場分布に基づいて算出し、前記区分領域の中の前記撮像断面が含まれる区分領域の高周波磁場条件を、当該撮像断面の高周波磁場条件とすること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって
前記第一の分布計測断面は複数であり、
前記撮像断面は、前記第一の軸に直交し、かつ、前記複数の第一の分布計測断面のいずれとも異なる断面であり、
前記条件計算部は、前記複数の第一の分布計測断面それぞれについて、各第一の分布計測断面内の高周波磁場値の平均値である磁場平均値を計算する平均値計算部をさらに備え、
前記各第一の計測断面の高周波磁場条件を前記各磁場平均値が一定になるよう調整し、調整後の前記各高周波磁場条件を補間することにより、前記撮像断面の高周波磁場条件を算出すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の分布計測断面は複数であり、
前記撮像断面は、前記第一の軸とは異なる第二の軸に垂直な断面であり、
前記条件計算部は、
前記各第一の分布計測断面と前記撮像断面との交線を含む各領域の高周波磁場分布である交差領域高周波磁場分布を、それぞれ、前記各第一の高周波磁場分布から抽出する分布抽出部と、
前記交線を含む領域毎に、当該領域内の高周波磁場値の平均値である磁場平均値を計算する平均値計算部と、を備え、
前記各磁場平均値が一定になるよう前記撮像断面の高周波磁場条件を算出すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって
前記条件計算部は、
前記第一の高周波磁場分布および算出した前記高周波磁場条件のいずれか一方を用い、前記算出した高周波磁場条件で高周波磁場照射部から高周波磁場を照射した場合のSARの予め定めたSARの上限値に対する比率を算出する出力計算部を備え、
前記出力計算部による算出結果が1を超える場合、前記算出結果が1以下となるよう前記高周波磁場条件を調整すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項2記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記第一の分布計測断面は、全撮像断面を含む撮像領域の、前記第一の軸方向の一方の端部の断面であり、
前記第二の分布計測断面は、前記撮像領域の前記第一の軸方向の他方の端部の断面であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記分布計算部は、前記第一の軸とは異なる第三の軸に直交する第三の分布計測断面の高周波磁場分布である第三の高周波磁場分布をさらに算出し、
前記条件計算部は、前記第三の高周波磁場分布にさらに基づいて、前記高周波磁場条件を算出すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 請求項12記載の磁気共鳴撮像装置であって、
前記撮像領域の分割数は3であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴撮像装置。 - 被検体にそれぞれ異なる高周波磁場を送信する複数のチャンネルを有する高周波磁場送信部と、前記被検体から発生する核磁気共鳴信号を受診する信号受信部と、を備える磁気共鳴撮像装置の高周波磁場照射方法であって、
前記高周波磁場照射部から前記被検体に前記高周波磁場が送信された後に前記信号受信部が検出した核磁気共鳴信号から、第一の軸に直交する第一の分布計測断面の高周波磁場分布である第一の高周波磁場分布を算出する分布計算ステップと、
前記第一の高周波磁場分布に基づいて、撮像の対象とする任意の撮像断面の撮像条件の中の前記複数のチャンネル各々から照射する高周波磁場の位相および振幅の少なくとも一方を高周波磁場条件として算出する条件計算ステップと、を備えること
を特徴とする高周波磁場照射方法。 - コンピュータを、
磁気共鳴撮像装置の信号受信部が検出した核磁気共鳴信号から、第一の軸に直交する第一の分布計測断面の高周波磁場分布である第一の高周波磁場分布を算出する分布計算部と、
前記第一の高周波磁場分布に基づいて、撮像の対象とする任意の撮像断面の撮像条件の中の前記複数のチャンネル各々から照射する高周波磁場の位相および振幅の少なくとも一方を高周波磁場条件として算出する条件計算部と、として機能させるためのプログラム。
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