WO2013042790A1 - 被覆切削工具 - Google Patents
被覆切削工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013042790A1 WO2013042790A1 PCT/JP2012/074318 JP2012074318W WO2013042790A1 WO 2013042790 A1 WO2013042790 A1 WO 2013042790A1 JP 2012074318 W JP2012074318 W JP 2012074318W WO 2013042790 A1 WO2013042790 A1 WO 2013042790A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- cutting tool
- coated cutting
- coating
- crack
- Prior art date
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102220097517 rs876659265 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/56—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/10—Coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23C2228/10—Coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/24—Cutters, for shaping with chip breaker, guide or deflector
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coated cutting tool having excellent fracture resistance, and exhibits excellent fracture resistance when used for milling and interrupted cutting as well as heavy cutting of steel and cast iron, for example.
- the present invention relates to a coated cutting tool.
- tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide (hereinafter referred to as WC-based cemented carbide) base material, for example, Ti carbide, nitride, carbonitride, carbonate and carbonitride, and one of aluminum oxide
- WC-based cemented carbide tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide
- Ti carbide, nitride, carbonitride, carbonate and carbonitride titanium oxide
- a coated cutting tool formed by vapor deposition of a single layer film or a film composed of two or more kinds of multilayer films by chemical vapor deposition with a total film thickness of 3 to 20 ⁇ m is used for cutting of steel and the like. It has been.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a coated cutting tool having excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance.
- the present inventor conducted research to improve the chipping resistance of the coated cutting tool, and as a result, obtained the knowledge that the chipping resistance and chipping resistance are greatly improved in the following configuration. It was.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the total film thickness of the entire coating is 3 to 20 ⁇ m in average, and the crack propagation angle is 45 ° or less with respect to the surface of the coating on the rake face within 300 ⁇ m from the cutting edge ridge.
- At least one layer of the coating is a Ti compound film made of at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti carbide, nitride, carbonitride, carbonate and carbonitride (1) to ( The coated cutting tool according to any one of 4).
- At least one layer of the inner film in contact with the substrate is a Ti compound film, and at least one layer of the outer film formed on the surface side of the inner film is an Al 2 O 3 film, and the Ti compound film between the the Al 2 O 3 film, in contact with the Ti compound film and the Al 2 O 3 film, carbonates of Ti, oxynitride and oxycarbonitride, and carbonate containing Ti and Al, oxynitride
- the coated cutting tool according to any one of (1) to (6) comprising an adhesion film made of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a material and a carbonitride.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention is excellent in chipping resistance and fracture resistance. When the coated cutting tool of the present invention is used, an effect that the tool life can be extended is obtained.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention comprises a WC-based cemented carbide base material and a coating formed on the surface of the base material by chemical vapor deposition.
- the WC-based cemented carbide of the present invention is composed of WC or WC and Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and their mutual solid solutions (however, WC-based cemented carbide obtained by sintering a mixed powder of a hard phase-forming powder comprising at least one of (except WC) and a binder-phase-forming powder of Co.
- the WC-based cemented carbide of the present invention has at least one selected from the hard phase and binder phase of WC or the hard phase of WC and Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W. It is composed of at least one hard phase selected from the group consisting of metal (or element) carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and their mutual solid solutions, and a binder phase.
- the film of the present invention is formed by chemical vapor deposition.
- the adhesion strength between the substrate and the coating can be increased. This is presumably because the chemical vapor deposition temperature is high and diffusion occurs at the interface between the substrate and the coating. Therefore, when a film having excellent wear resistance is formed by a chemical vapor deposition method, a coated cutting tool having excellent wear resistance can be obtained.
- the coating of the present invention comprises carbide, nitride, oxide, carbon of at least one metal (or element) selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al and Si. It is composed of at least one layer of a compound film made of at least one selected from the group consisting of nitride, carbonate, nitride oxide, oxynitride and boride.
- substrate components such as W, C, Co, Mo, Cr, and V may diffuse from the substrate into the compound film.
- the essential effects of the present invention are not changed.
- the film of the present invention is preferably either a single-layer film composed of one layer or a multilayer film in which two or more layers are laminated.
- at least one layer of the coating of the present invention is a Ti compound film made of at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti carbide, nitride, carbonitride, carbonate and carbonitride, Since the balance with toughness can be improved more, it is further more preferable.
- the coating of the present invention is an aluminum oxide film (hereinafter, Al 2 O 3 film).
- the crystal type of the Al 2 O 3 film is not particularly limited, and examples include ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, pseudo- ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, and ⁇ -type.
- the crystalline form of the Al 2 O 3 film is preferably a ⁇ type excellent adhesion to the stable ⁇ -type, or cling film and the Al 2 O 3 film at elevated temperatures.
- the region involved in cutting such as high-speed cutting of carbon steel or alloy steel is at a high temperature, if the Al 2 O 3 film is an ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film, chipping and chipping are less likely to occur.
- At least one of the inner films in contact with the substrate of the coating of the present invention is a Ti compound film, and at least one of the outer films formed on the surface side of the inner film of the present invention is an Al 2 O 3 film, and Ti Between the compound film and the Al 2 O 3 film, in contact with the Ti compound film and the Al 2 O 3 film, Ti carbonate, nitride oxide and carbonitride oxide, and a carbonate containing Ti and Al, When there is an adhesion film made of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a nitride oxide and a carbonitride oxide, the adhesion between the Ti compound film and the Al 2 O 3 film is improved, and the wear resistance and toughness are improved.
- the adhesion film includes TiCO, TiNO, TiCNO, TiAlCO, TiAlNO, and TiAlCNO.
- the adhesion film is more preferably a compound composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of carbonates, nitride oxides, and oxynitrides containing Ti and Al. It is more preferable that the carbonitride oxide contains.
- the total film thickness of the entire coating film of the present invention is set to 3 to 20 ⁇ m in average film thickness.
- the total film thickness of the entire film is more preferably 3.5 to 18 ⁇ m in average film thickness.
- the inner film of the present invention is formed on the surface of a cemented carbide substrate by chemical vapor deposition.
- the average film thickness of the inner film is less than 1.5 ⁇ m, the wear resistance of the coated cutting tool is lowered, and when it exceeds 15 ⁇ m, chipping starting from the peeling of the film tends to occur. Therefore, in the present invention, the average thickness of the inner membrane is preferably 1.5 to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably, the average thickness of the inner membrane is 2 to 13 ⁇ m.
- the average film thickness of the outer film of the present invention is less than 1.1 ⁇ m, the crater wear resistance on the rake face of the coated cutting tool of the present invention will not be improved, while if the average film thickness exceeds 10 ⁇ m, the cutting edge will be lost. It becomes easy. Therefore, it is preferable that the average film thickness of the upper film is 1.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the average film thickness of the adhesion film is preferably 0.4-2 ⁇ m.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention needs to have at least one oblique crack, but the coated cutting tool of the present invention may have a vertical crack as well as the oblique crack.
- the crack progress angle and crack progress depth can be determined, for example, as follows. Take a picture of the SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of the fracture surface of the coated cutting tool or a SEM image of the mirror-polished surface of the cross section of the coated cutting tool. As shown in FIG.
- the vertical distance d from the coating surface to the point C farthest from the straight line A on the coating surface is defined as the progress depth.
- the oblique crack 5 in which the progress angle of the crack 5 with respect to the direction parallel to the surface of the coating 2 is 45 ° or less may appear to be interrupted as shown by the crack 5 in FIG. This is considered to be because the oblique cracks 5 appear to be broken when the grain boundaries of the crystal grains progress. Therefore, cracks that are connected even if they appear to be broken are regarded as one oblique crack.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention when one or more oblique cracks having a progress angle of 45 ° or less are present on a rake face within 300 ⁇ m from the cutting edge ridge line portion, chipping resistance and chipping resistance are improved.
- chipping resistance and chipping resistance are improved.
- if there are more than 50 oblique cracks on the rake face within 300 ⁇ m from the edge of the cutting edge two or more oblique cracks are likely to be connected, and the chipping resistance and chipping resistance tend to decrease.
- the presence of 3 or more and 30 or less oblique cracks is more preferable because the chipping resistance and chipping resistance are further improved.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention includes a rake face 3, a flank face 4, and a cutting edge ridge (curved surface portion) positioned between the rake face and the flank face.
- the rake face within 300 ⁇ m from the ridge line portion, that is, within 300 ⁇ m in the direction from the extended line of the flank 4 to the rake face 3, and the crack propagation angle is 45 ° or less on the rake face excluding the cutting edge ridge line part.
- oblique cracks may also exist on the rake face exceeding 300 ⁇ m from the cutting edge ridge line part. Note that in the coated cutting tool of the present invention, an oblique crack may develop on the surface of the film due to an impact during cutting, so that a very small chipping may occur on the surface of the film, but it does not lead to chipping or chipping. Therefore, the effect of the present invention for improving the chipping resistance and chipping resistance is not changed.
- the progress angle of the oblique crack is set to 45 ° or less.
- the crack progress angle exceeds 45 °, the crack of the coating film progresses to the base material at the time of cutting, and the chipping is larger. This is because defects are likely to occur and defects are likely to occur in the initial stage of processing. Therefore, the progress angle of the oblique crack is set to 45 ° or less.
- the progress depth of the oblique crack is 0.3 to 2 ⁇ m in the depth direction from the surface of the coating. If the progress depth of the oblique crack is less than 0.3 ⁇ m, it is difficult to sufficiently obtain the effect of improving the chipping resistance and chipping resistance. On the contrary, if the progress depth of the oblique crack exceeds 2 ⁇ m, peeling occurs at the interface between the layers constituting the coating film or the multilayer film at the time of cutting, and there is a tendency to cause micro chipping. is there.
- Examples of the method for forming oblique cracks in the surface portion of the coating include methods of applying mechanical impact such as dry shot blasting and shot peening.
- the crack propagation angle can be reduced to 45 ° or less by projecting the projection material so that the projection angle is 30 to 45 ° with respect to the surface of the coating.
- the projection angle is more preferably 35 to 40 °.
- the projection angle is less than 30 °, sufficient residual stress release energy cannot be given, and when the projection angle is larger than 45 °, the crack propagation angle becomes larger than 45 °, resulting in fracture resistance and chipping resistance. Will drop significantly.
- a high-hardness projection material having an average particle size of 100 to 150 ⁇ m at a projection speed of 50 to 80 m / sec and a projection time of 3 to 60 sec in a method using dry shot blasting or shot peening.
- the projection material having high hardness include a projection material having a Hv of 1000 or more.
- the average particle diameter of the projection material is less than 100 ⁇ m or the projection speed is less than 50 m / sec, sufficient residual stress release energy cannot be given, and when the average particle diameter of the projection material exceeds 150 ⁇ m or the projection speed is 80 m. When exceeding / sec, chipping may occur at the cutting edge ridge portion of the tool.
- the average value of the crack interval on the surface of the coating is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the average value of the crack interval on the surface of the coating film is set to such an interval, the tensile residual stress can be effectively reduced, and the fracture resistance and chipping resistance can be further improved.
- the average value of the crack interval is less than 20 ⁇ m, the coating tends to be easily peeled off.
- the average value of the crack interval exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the release of the tensile residual stress energy is insufficient, so that during cutting. Since it tends to be difficult to improve the chipping resistance and chipping resistance, the average value of the crack interval is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. Among these, the average value of the crack interval is more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less.
- Examples of the method for measuring the crack interval on the surface of the coating include the following methods.
- the surface of the coating for measuring the crack interval is mirror-polished and etched with hydrofluoric acid, the crack can be easily observed.
- a light micrograph is taken with an optical microscope at a magnification of 75 to 150 times on the mirror-polished surface.
- Several straight lines are drawn on the obtained photomicrograph to determine the distance between the crack and the intersection of the straight lines, and this is taken as the crack interval. At least 50 crack intervals can be obtained, and an average value of the crack intervals can be obtained from these values.
- a WC-based cemented carbide base material is prepared, and a film is formed on the surface of the base material by chemical vapor deposition.
- the raw material gas composition is TiCl 4 : 5.0 to 10.0 mol%, N 2 : 20 to 60 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 850 to 920 ° C., pressure: 100 to 350 hPa. It can be obtained by chemical vapor deposition.
- the TiCN film has a source gas composition of TiCl 4 : 10 to 15 mol%, CH 3 CN: 1 to 3 mol%, N 2 : 0 to 20 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 850 to 920 ° C., pressure: It can be obtained by chemical vapor deposition at 60 to 80 hPa.
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film has a raw material gas composition of AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5.0 mol%, CO 2 : 2.5 to 4.0 mol%, HCl: 2.0 to 3.0 mol%, H 2 S: 0.28 to 0.45 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 900 to 1000 ° C., pressure: 60 to 80 hPa, can be obtained by chemical vapor deposition.
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film has a raw material gas composition of AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5.0 mol%, CO 2 : 3.0 to 6.0 mol%, CO: 3.0 to 5.5 mol%, HCl: 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, H 2 S: 0.3 to 0.5 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 900 to 1000 ° C., pressure: 60 to 80 hPa, can be obtained by a chemical vapor deposition method. .
- the TiAlCNO film has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, AlCl 3 : 1.0 to 2.0 mol%, CO: 0.4 to 1.0 mol%, N 2 : 30 to 40 mol%. , H 2 : the rest, temperature: 975 to 1025 ° C., pressure: 90 to 110 hPa.
- the projection material is projected using dry shot blasting or shot peening so that the projection angle is 30 to 45 ° with respect to the surface of the coating.
- the coated cutting tool of this invention can be manufactured. At this time, it is more preferable to project a high hardness projection material having an average particle size of 100 to 150 ⁇ m at a projection speed of 50 to 80 m / sec.
- a WC- (Ti, W, Ta, Nb) (C, N) -Co-based WC-based cemented carbide is obtained by sintering a mixed powder of Co powder having an average particle size of 1.5 ⁇ m: 7% by weight. It was.
- the WC-base cemented carbide was processed into an ISO standard CNMG120212-shaped insert, which was used as a base material.
- a de- ⁇ layer composed of WC and Co only is formed in the vicinity of the surface of the WC-based cemented carbide substrate.
- the thickness of the de- ⁇ layer on the flank face was 15 ⁇ m.
- a film having the film structure shown in Table 1 was formed on the surface of this WC-based cemented carbide substrate by chemical vapor deposition.
- ( ⁇ ) in the fourth layer (Al 2 O 3 film) represents an ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film
- ( ⁇ ) represents a ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 film.
- the dry shot blasting conditions are those in which an Al 2 O 3 projection material (Hv: 1800 to 2000) having an average particle diameter of 150 ⁇ m is projected onto the surface of the coating under the conditions shown in Table 2, and the crack propagation angle and Coated cutting tools with different progress depths were obtained.
- the coated cutting tool of the sample was broken, and from the photograph of the SEM image of the fractured surface, the depth, angle and number of cracks of the coated cutting tool were measured.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the progress depth and angle of the cracks that progressed from the surface of the coating to the middle of the coating for each sample.
- Tables 5 and 6 show the number of cracks that progressed from the surface of the coating to the middle of the coating for each sample. That is, the measurement results in Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5 do not include the measurement results of cracks reaching from the surface of the coating to the substrate. In Comparative Product 7, no cracks that progressed from the surface of the coating to the middle of the coating were observed.
- the coating surface for measuring the crack interval was mirror-polished and etched with hydrofluoric acid to observe cracks. After completely removing the fluorinated nitric acid, the mirror polished surface was photographed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 75 to 150 times. Several lines were drawn on the obtained photomicrograph to determine the distance between the crack and the intersection of the lines, and this was taken as the crack interval. The crack interval at 50 locations was measured, and the average value of the crack interval was determined from these values. Tables 7 and 8 show the average value of the crack interval on the surface of the coating of each sample.
- a cutting test was performed using a coated cutting tool.
- S53C hardness: H B 240
- the shape of the work material has a disc-shaped center of diameter 180 mm ⁇ thickness 60 mm and a hole with a diameter of 50 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, there are four convex portions (convex portions) from the center toward the outer diameter side. The angle formed by the edge of the adjacent protrusion and the edge of the adjacent convex portion is 80 °.
- end face cutting was performed on the work material under the following cutting conditions.
- the occurrence of defects was confirmed every time the number of impacts was 6,400, 12,800, 19,200, and 25600.
- the number of times of touching the convex portion is the number of impacts. Note that the coated cutting tool touches the convex portion of the work material four times while the work material rotates once. Tables 9 and 10 show the number of impacts at which defects occurred and the average number of times.
- the invention product in which one or more oblique cracks having a crack propagation angle of 45 ° or less are present has an average number of times of impact leading to defects more than twice as long as the comparative product. It was found that the chipping resistance was greatly improved. That is, it can be seen that the inventive product has a significantly longer tool life than the comparative product.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention is excellent in chipping resistance and chipping resistance, the effect that the tool life can be extended can be obtained by using the coated cutting tool of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
(1)WC基超硬合金の基材と、基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成された被膜とからなり、すくい面と、逃げ面と、すくい面と逃げ面との間に位置する切刃稜線部とを備え、被膜全体の総膜厚は平均膜厚で3~20μmであり、切刃稜線部から300μm以内のすくい面に、クラックの進展角度が被膜の表面に対して45°以下の斜めクラックが1本以上存在することを特徴とする被覆切削工具。
(2)斜めクラックの進展深さが被膜の表面から0.3~2μmである(1)に記載の被覆切削工具。
(3)被膜の表面におけるクラック間隔の平均値が20μm以上100μm以下である(1)または(2)の被覆切削工具。
(4)被膜の表面におけるクラック間隔の平均値が40μm以上60μm以下である(1)~(3)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(5)被膜の少なくとも1層は、Tiの炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物、炭酸化物および炭窒酸化物から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなるTi化合物膜である(1)~(4)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(6)被膜の少なくとも1層は、酸化アルミニウム膜である(1)~(5)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(7)被膜が、基材に接する内膜の少なくとも1層がTi化合物膜であり、内膜より表面側に形成される外膜の少なくとも1層がAl2O3膜であり、Ti化合物膜とAl2O3膜との間に、Ti化合物膜およびAl2O3膜と接して、Tiの炭酸化物、窒酸化物および炭窒酸化物、並びにTiとAlとを含む炭酸化物、窒酸化物および炭窒酸化物から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種の化合物からなる密着膜からなる(1)~(6)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(8)斜めクラックが、1本以上、50本以下存在する(1)~(7)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(9)斜めクラックが、3本以上、30本以下存在する(1)~(8)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(10)クラックが、乾式ショットブラストまたはショットピーニングにより形成されたものである(1)~(9)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(11)クラックが、投射材を被膜の表面に対して投射角度が30~45°になるように投射することにより形成されたものである(1)~(10)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(12)クラックが、投射材を50~80m/secの投射速度で投射することにより形成されたものである(1)~(11)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(13)投射材が、平均粒径100~150μmで、ビッカース硬度が1000以上の材料からなる(11)または(12)の被覆切削工具。
(14)投射材が、Al2O3またはZrO2から成る(11)~(13)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
本発明の内膜は超硬合金基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成される。内膜の平均膜厚は、1.5μm未満であると被覆切削工具の耐摩耗性が低下し、15μmを超えると被膜の剥離を起点としたチッピングが発生しやすくなる。そのため本発明においては、内膜の平均膜厚を1.5~15μmとすると好ましく、その中でも、内膜の平均膜厚を2~13μmとすると、さらに好ましい。
本発明の外膜の平均膜厚は、1.1μm未満であると本発明の被覆切削工具のすくい面における耐クレーター摩耗性が向上せず、一方平均膜厚が10μmを超えると刃先が欠損しやすくなる。このことから、上部膜の平均膜厚を1.1~10μmとすると好ましい。
本発明の密着膜の平均膜厚は、0.4μm未満であると本発明被覆切削工具の密着性が向上せず、また平均膜厚が2μmを超えると密着膜自体の強度が低下するため、密着膜の平均膜厚を0.4~2μmとすると好ましい。
切削速度:200m/min、
切込み:1mm、
送り:0.3mm/rev、
切削雰囲気:湿式(水溶性エマルジョン使用)、
最大衝撃回数:25600回(被削材1個当たり6400回)、
試験回数:4回
2被膜
3すくい面
4逃げ面
5斜めクラック
6凸部
7凹部
Claims (14)
- WC基超硬合金の基材と、基材の表面に化学蒸着法によって形成された被膜とからなり、すくい面と、逃げ面と、すくい面と逃げ面との間に位置する切刃稜線部とを備え、被膜全体の総膜厚は平均膜厚で3~20μmであり、切刃稜線部から300μm以内のすくい面に、クラックの進展角度が被膜の表面に対して45°以下の斜めクラックが1本以上存在することを特徴とする被覆切削工具。
- 斜めクラックの進展深さが被膜の表面から0.3~2μmである請求項1に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 被膜の表面におけるクラック間隔の平均値が20μm以上100μm以下である請求項1または2に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 被膜の表面におけるクラック間隔の平均値が40μm以上60μm以下である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 被膜の少なくとも1層は、Tiの炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物、炭酸化物および炭窒酸化物から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種からなるTi化合物膜である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 被膜の少なくとも1層は、酸化アルミニウム膜である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 被膜が、基材に接する内膜の少なくとも1層がTi化合物膜であり、内膜より表面側に形成される外膜の少なくとも1層がAl2O3膜であり、Ti化合物膜とAl2O3膜との間に、Ti化合物膜およびAl2O3膜と接して、Tiの炭酸化物、窒酸化物および炭窒酸化物、並びにTiとAlとを含む炭酸化物、窒酸化物および炭窒酸化物から成る群より選択された少なくとも1種の化合物からなる密着膜からなる請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 斜めクラックが、1本以上、50本以下存在する請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 斜めクラックが、3本以上、30本以下存在する請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- クラックが、乾式ショットブラストまたはショットピーニングにより形成されたものである請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- クラックが、投射材を被膜の表面に対して投射角度が30~45°になるように投射することにより形成されたものである請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- クラックが、投射材を50~80m/secの投射速度で投射することにより形成されたものである請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 投射材が、平均粒径100~150μmで、ビッカース硬度が1000以上の材料からなる請求項11または12に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 投射材が、Al2O3またはZrO2から成る請求項11~13のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
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US14/346,436 US9566649B2 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2012-09-24 | Coated cutting tool |
EP12832815.0A EP2759360B1 (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2012-09-24 | Surface-coated cutting tool |
CN201280046369.5A CN103826781B (zh) | 2011-09-22 | 2012-09-24 | 被覆切削工具 |
JP2013534780A JP5736600B2 (ja) | 2011-09-22 | 2012-09-24 | 被覆切削工具 |
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EP (1) | EP2759360B1 (ja) |
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WO2015005364A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-15 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 被覆切削工具 |
JP2015009322A (ja) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-01-19 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 表面被覆切削工具 |
JP5962862B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-21 | 2016-08-03 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 被覆切削工具 |
WO2018123980A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削インサート |
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JP6090685B1 (ja) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-03-08 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 超硬合金および被覆超硬合金 |
EP4458499A3 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2025-06-25 | AB Sandvik Coromant | Method of treating a cutting tool, and a cutting tool |
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CN103826781A (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
US9566649B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
EP2759360A4 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
EP2759360A1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
CN103826781B (zh) | 2017-07-07 |
EP2759360B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
JP5736600B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
JPWO2013042790A1 (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
US20140227052A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
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