WO2012165457A1 - カルボキシル基含有ポリイミド、熱硬化性樹脂組成物及びフレキシブル金属張積層体 - Google Patents
カルボキシル基含有ポリイミド、熱硬化性樹脂組成物及びフレキシブル金属張積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012165457A1 WO2012165457A1 PCT/JP2012/063870 JP2012063870W WO2012165457A1 WO 2012165457 A1 WO2012165457 A1 WO 2012165457A1 JP 2012063870 W JP2012063870 W JP 2012063870W WO 2012165457 A1 WO2012165457 A1 WO 2012165457A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/34—Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds
- C08G18/343—Polycarboxylic acids having at least three carboxylic acid groups
- C08G18/346—Polycarboxylic acids having at least three carboxylic acid groups having four carboxylic acid groups
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1003—Preparatory processes
- C08G73/1035—Preparatory processes from tetracarboxylic acids or derivatives and diisocyanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/16—Polyester-imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carboxyl group-containing polyimide as a raw material for a thermosetting polyimide resin that gives a cured product excellent in thermosetting, PCT resistance, solvent resistance, and peel strength as an adhesive or coating agent around an electronic material. And its prepolymer.
- the present invention also relates to a thermosetting resin composition that can be suitably used as a resist layer of a printed circuit board, which simultaneously satisfies flame retardancy, solder heat resistance, heat deterioration resistance, and flexibility.
- the present invention relates to a flexible metal-clad laminate having a resin layer and a metal foil layer obtained by thermosetting the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, and in particular, thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance.
- the present invention relates to a flexible metal-clad laminate that can simultaneously satisfy the properties.
- Polyimide is widely used around electronic materials and OA equipment because of its excellent heat resistance, electrical insulation reliability, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties. For example, it is used to form insulating films and protective coatings on semiconductor devices, base materials such as flexible circuit boards and integrated circuits, surface protective materials, and further, interlayer insulating films and protective films for fine circuits. .
- polyimides are insoluble in the solution and have poor workability. For this reason, it is common to polymerize a precursor polyamic acid (also referred to as polyamic acid) in a solution and process it into a film or other molded article, followed by imidization. Usually, the conversion from polyamic acid to imide requires heating at 250 ° C. or higher.
- polyamic acid has a characteristic that molecular weight lowering and resin structure branching are likely to occur due to hydrolysis by water generated by imidization or water present in the liquid.
- the solution viscosity tends to decrease with time (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Such instability of the solution viscosity is particularly remarkable when stored at room temperature, and a homogeneous product cannot be obtained, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of practical use.
- Patent Document 1 proposes an organic solvent-soluble modified polyimide having a polybutadiene skeleton, and thermosetting using blocked isocyanate as a curing agent for a terminal acid anhydride group-containing polyimide produced by an isocyanate method.
- An example in which the composition is used as an overcoat agent for a flexible circuit board is disclosed.
- this thermosetting composition has the following problems. (1) Sufficient thermosetting cannot be obtained because the acid anhydride group is only at the resin end. (2) Heat resistance is low by including a urethane bond in the resin skeleton. (3) Intramolecular cross-linking is caused by oxidation unique to the polybutadiene skeleton, and the resin gels during the reaction or the storage stability as the composition is remarkably lowered.
- FPCs flexible printed wiring boards
- characteristics such as flexibility, low warpage, solder heat resistance, migration resistance, and plating resistance.
- a polyimide film called a coverlay film is punched with a mold that matches the pattern, and then pasted using an adhesive, or thermosetting
- a mold or ultraviolet curable liquid or film solder resist agent is useful in terms of workability.
- a polymer material (resin material) is ignited due to abnormal heating due to malfunction of a part, it may cause a fire. Is required.
- a solder resist agent used for a flexible printed circuit board, there has been a recent trend of reducing environmental load, and non-halogen (halogen-free) reduction in harm, reduction in smoke generation, and reduction in flame resistance are desired.
- the curing type solder resist agent is required to satisfy various physical properties depending on the application.
- flame retardance is required as an important physical property in addition to solder heat resistance and flexibility, and the use is limited when flame retardance is low.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a thermosetting composition using an epoxy compound as a curing agent in soluble polyimide having a carboxyl group in a side chain.
- an epoxy compound as a curing agent
- soluble polyimide having a carboxyl group in a side chain.
- water is generated during the ring-closing reaction of the polyamic acid during the polymerization of the resin, the resin structure is branched, and the molecular weight of the resin is difficult to increase. For this reason, the cured product has low strength and poor durability.
- it is difficult to have a high acid value and sufficiently increase the molecular weight of the resin.
- excellent heat resistance and flexibility can be obtained by copolymerizing a silicone compound, there is a problem that adhesion to a substrate is low and flexibility is weak.
- Patent Document 3 proposes to use a thermosetting resin composition containing a thermosetting polyurethane having a high acid value and an organic filler containing a phosphorus atom as a solder resist agent for a circuit substrate.
- the thermosetting polyurethane used here has a low polymerizability of the carboxyl group-containing dihydroxy compound as a raw material, so that the molecular weight distribution tends to be widened, and the crosslinking point is locally biased in the resin main chain. As a result, much remains as an unreacted substance. Therefore, there has been a problem that sufficient thermosetting and flexibility cannot be obtained and heat resistance is low due to unreacted substances remaining.
- Patent Document 4 discloses an example in which a thermosetting resin composition in which an epoxy compound is blended with polyamideimide as a curing agent is used as an overcoat agent for a flexible circuit board.
- This thermosetting resin composition has a problem that sufficient thermosetting cannot be obtained because the crosslinking point is only at the resin terminal, and heat resistance is low because the resin skeleton contains a urethane bond. .
- Patent Document 5 discloses an example in which a curable urethane resin is blended as an adhesive and a coating agent around an electronic material. Since the curable urethane resin used here is polymerized by a polymerization method via a urethane prepolymer, it is excellent in thermosetting and flexibility, but has low heat resistance by including a urethane bond in the resin skeleton. There was a problem.
- the flexible printed circuit board may be subjected to a high temperature condition due to heat generation, and is required to maintain high reliability even in such an environment.
- the resin dimensional change at high temperature is large, there is a problem that peeling occurs from a metal wiring such as copper forming a circuit, causing short circuit or disconnection.
- the thermal dimensional change between the adhesive layer that bonds single-layer flexible substrates to each other, the polyimide film that forms the flexible substrate, and the metal wiring such as copper that forms the circuit If the difference is large, the same problem occurs.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a technique for improving high-temperature physical properties by using an epoxy resin having excellent heat resistance and an inorganic compound in combination, but the effect of improving solvent resistance cannot be expected.
- the present invention was devised in view of the current state of the prior art described above, and its first object is to provide a carboxyl which provides a cured product that can simultaneously satisfy thermosetting, PCT resistance, solvent resistance, and peel strength.
- the object is to provide a group-containing polyimide and a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer as a raw material thereof.
- the second object is to provide a thermosetting resin composition that simultaneously satisfies flame retardancy, solder heat resistance, heat deterioration resistance and flexibility.
- the third object is to provide a flexible metal-clad laminate that can simultaneously satisfy thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance.
- the present inventors have devised a method that does not require an imidization reaction that requires high temperature so as not to pass through a polyamic acid. That is, it discovered that the carboxyl group-containing polyimide which gives the hardened
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention has the characteristics that there are few branches in the resin structure and the molecular weight of the resin is high.
- thermosetting property comprising a carboxyl group-containing polyimide having a structure in which the above-mentioned terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer is chain-extended through a polyol compound, and a compound containing an oxirane ring. It has been found that by providing a resin composition, the above properties can be highly satisfied at the same time.
- the present inventors use a layer obtained by thermosetting the above-mentioned carboxyl group-containing polyimide as a resin layer of a flexible metal-clad laminate, so that thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and It has been found that a flexible metal-clad laminate that can simultaneously satisfy the solvent resistance can be provided.
- a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer obtained by reacting an acid anhydride group in tetracarboxylic dianhydride with an isocyanate group in a diisocyanate compound.
- Tetracarboxylic dianhydride is ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride) (TMEG), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), pyromellitic dianhydride At least one selected from the group consisting of anhydride (PMDA), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA), and 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA)
- the diisocyanate compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic diisocyanates, aliphatic diisocyanates, and alicyclic diisocyanates, and any one of (1) to (3)
- the terminal acid anhydride group containing imide prepolymer of description is represented by the following general formula [I]:
- R 1 is an organic group excluding the carboxyl group of the acid dianhydride compound represented by the following general formula [II], and may contain a substituent having 1 carbon atom.
- R 2 is an organic group excluding an isocyanate group of a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula [III].
- a carboxyl group-containing polyimide wherein the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer according to any one of (1) to (5) has a structure in which a chain is extended via a polyol compound.
- R 2 is an aromatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group, an aliphatic group, or a group having a heterocyclic ring, and R 2 represents an isocyanate group of a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula [III].
- R 3 is an organic group, an aromatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group, or an aliphatic group which may contain a substituent, and R 3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Or a residue obtained by removing the hydroxyl group of a diol compound having at least one bond selected from an ester bond, a carbonate bond, and an ether bond, n and m are each an independent integer, and n is an integer of 1 to 30 , M is an integer from 1 to 200 There.
- thermosetting resin composition used as a resist layer of a printed circuit board comprising the carboxyl group-containing polyimide according to any one of (6) to (10) and a compound containing an oxirane ring.
- the weight ratio of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, the compound containing an oxirane ring, and the organic filler containing a phosphorus atom is 30 to 95/1 to 50/2 to 55 (13) The thermosetting resin composition described in 1.
- the total weight of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, the compound containing an oxirane ring, and the organic filler containing a phosphorus atom is 20% by weight or more in the thermosetting resin composition (13). ) Or the thermosetting resin composition according to (14).
- An electronic apparatus comprising the flexible printed circuit board according to (18).
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention By polymerizing the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention, it is possible to provide a carboxyl group-containing polyimide that gives a cured product having high thermosetting, PCT resistance, solvent resistance, and peel strength at the same time. . Furthermore, if the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is used in combination with a thermosetting agent, a highly crosslinked structure can be formed, and a tough cured coating film can be obtained. Moreover, since the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention gives a cured product that satisfies the above characteristics to a high degree, it is suitably used for resist inks and adhesives, automobile parts using these, printed circuit boards such as electrical appliances, and the like.
- thermosetting resin composition of the present invention can satisfy the characteristics such as flame retardancy, solder heat resistance, heat deterioration resistance, and flexibility at the same time, it can be used for printed circuit boards such as automobile parts and electrical appliances. It can be suitably used as a resist layer.
- the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention has a resin layer obtained by thermosetting a novel carboxyl group-containing polyimide having the characteristics that the resin structure has few branches and the resin has a high molecular weight. , Peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance can be satisfied simultaneously.
- FIG. 1 shows 1 H of the carboxyl group-containing thermosetting polyimides (1-1, 1′-1 and 1 ′′ -1) obtained in Synthesis Examples 1-1, 1′-1 and 1 ′′ -1. -NMR spectrum.
- FIG. 2 shows 1 H of the carboxyl group-containing thermosetting polyimides (1-2, 1′-2 and 1 ′′ -2) obtained in Synthesis Examples 1-2, 1′-2 and 1 ′′ -2. -NMR spectrum.
- terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer is an imide prepolymer containing an acid anhydride group at the terminal.
- the “imide prepolymer” refers to a structural unit of a polymer having an imide bond in the structure and obtained based on the imide prepolymer.
- Terminal acid anhydride group-containing means having an acid anhydride at the molecular end.
- the “terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer” of the present invention is obtained by reacting an acid anhydride group in tetracarboxylic dianhydride with an isocyanate group in a diisocyanate compound.
- an imide bond can be generated without requiring an imidation reaction from a polyamic acid that requires a high temperature, and high heat resistance derived from the imide bond can be imparted.
- a polymer can be obtained by polymerization with a compound having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with the acid anhydride group, or a compound containing an oxirane ring. By combining with such a thermosetting agent, a composition that forms a crosslinked structure can also be obtained.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention generates an imide bond by reacting with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride by an isocyanate method using a diisocyanate compound. For this reason, since there is no production
- the “carboxyl group-containing polyimide” of the present invention is a carboxyl group-containing polyimide obtained by reacting a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer with a polyol compound.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is not limited to the above reaction order as long as it has a structure obtained by the above reaction.
- the following reaction steps (1) to (2) are also included in the category.
- (1) A tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diisocyanate compound are reacted to form a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer.
- a carboxyl group-containing polyimide having little branched structure and unreacted substances and high molecular weight can be obtained.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide which has many carboxyl groups derived from tetracarboxylic dianhydride in a principal chain is obtained.
- a thermosetting agent such as a compound containing a carboxyl group-containing polyimide and an oxirane ring, a highly crosslinked structure can be formed at a low temperature.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention and a crosslinked product thereof can be suitably used around an electronic material that requires thermosetting, PCT resistance, solvent resistance, and peel strength.
- terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention will be described.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention is preferably one represented by the following general formula [I].
- R 1 is an organic group excluding the carboxyl group of the acid dianhydride compound represented by the following general formula [II], and may contain a substituent having 1 carbon atom.
- R 2 is an organic group excluding an isocyanate group of a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula [III].
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride used in the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer is not particularly limited.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride is ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride) (TMEG), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), pyromellitic dianhydride.
- TMEG ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- BPDA 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- PMDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride
- ODPA 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- diisocyanate compound used for a terminal acid anhydride group containing imide prepolymer For example, at least 1 type of compound chosen from the group which consists of aromatic diisocyanate, aliphatic diisocyanate, and alicyclic diisocyanate Is exemplified.
- an aromatic diisocyanate is preferable when the heat resistance of the resin composition is particularly improved, and an aliphatic diisocyanate or an alicyclic diisocyanate is preferable when the flexibility of the resin composition is particularly improved.
- Aromatic diisocyanates include 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (“TDI”), 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (“ MDI "), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-xylylene diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate and the like.
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- aliphatic diisocyanate examples include ethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- alicyclic diisocyanate examples include 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate, and the like.
- the diisocyanate compound is particularly preferably 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate or 2,4-toluene diisocyanate.
- the diisocyanate compound can be appropriately selected and used according to the purpose and application, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer can be produced by reacting an acid anhydride group in tetracarboxylic dianhydride with an isocyanate group in a diisocyanate compound.
- the acid anhydride group and the isocyanate group react to generate an imide bond.
- the raw material charge molar ratio is adjusted according to the molecular weight and acid value of the target carboxyl group-containing polyimide.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer can be obtained by a conventionally known method. For example, it is preferable to make it react at 60 degreeC or more and 200 degrees C or less in presence of a solvent in the reaction tank equipped with the stirrer and the thermometer. More preferably, the reaction is performed at 100 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower. When the temperature is 60 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, the reaction time is short, the monomer components are not easily decomposed, and gelation due to the three-dimensional reaction hardly occurs.
- the reaction temperature may be performed in multiple stages. The reaction time can be appropriately selected depending on the scale of the batch, the reaction conditions employed, particularly the reaction concentration.
- any organic solvent having low reactivity with isocyanate can be used.
- a solvent containing no basic compound such as amine is preferable.
- solvents include toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, nitrobenzene, cyclohexane, isophorone, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl.
- the solvent is N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone or ⁇ -butyrolactone having good solubility. More preferred are N, N-dimethylacetamide and ⁇ -butyrolactone. Particularly preferred is ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- a catalyst in order to accelerate the reaction.
- amines such as triethylamine, lutidine, picoline, undecene, triethylenediamine (1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane), DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene)
- Alkali metals such as lithium methylate, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, potassium butoxide, potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, etc., metals such as alkaline earth metal compounds or titanium, cobalt, tin, zinc, aluminum,
- the reaction may be performed in the presence of a catalyst such as a metalloid compound.
- the number average molecular weight of the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer is preferably 500 or more and 5000 or less, more preferably 500 or more and 4500 or less, and further preferably 500 or more and 4000 or less. If the number average molecular weight is 500 or more and 5000 or less, the solubility in a solvent is good and it is optimal for increasing the molecular weight of a carboxyl group-containing polyimide. Moreover, since sufficient carboxyl groups for thermosetting can be introduced into the resin, thermosetting is improved. Moreover, a hard cured coating film can be formed.
- polyimide has low solubility in organic solvents, and polymer components may precipitate over time.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention has a low number average molecular weight of 500 or more and 5000 or less. Shows solubility.
- “showing good solubility in organic solvents” means toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, nitrobenzene, cyclohexane, isophorone, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate , Dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, methyl methoxypropionate, ethyl methoxypropionate, methyl ethoxypropionate, ethyl ethoxypropionate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl lactate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone , Cyclohexanone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacet
- the resin is in a solid state, whether or not it has been dissolved is determined by adding a specified weight of resin powder passing through 80 mesh into a 200 ml beaker and gently stirring at 25 ° C. for 24 hours. The solution was allowed to stand at 25 ° C. for 24 hours, and it was determined that the solution that was not gelled, non-uniformized, clouded, or precipitated was dissolved.
- the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention can be obtained by prepolymerizing a tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diisocyanate compound by an isocyanate method. Since the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention does not go through a polyamic acid, it can suppress the production of water due to the ring closure reaction. Therefore, the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention has the following characteristics. (1) No branched structure, straight chain (2) Reactive acid anhydride groups at both molecular ends
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention obtained by chain extension of the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer of the present invention with a polyol compound has the following characteristics. (1) Sufficiently high molecular weight without gelation (2) Having many carboxyl groups in the side chain Heat having functional groups capable of reacting with carboxyl groups in this high molecular weight carboxyl group-containing polyimide
- a composition containing a curing agent exhibits good thermosetting properties. Since it has a tough and high cohesive force as a cured coating film, it exhibits good peel strength with respect to substrates such as films and metal foils. Moreover, the high PCT resistance and solvent resistance derived from an imide bond can be provided.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention can be obtained by reacting a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer with a polyol compound.
- a polyol compound a branched or linear diol compound having two hydroxyl groups and optionally a branched or linear triol compound having three hydroxyl groups can be used.
- Examples of the branched or linear diol compound having two hydroxyl groups that can be used as the polyol compound, and optionally the branched or linear triol compound having three hydroxyl groups include an alkylene polyol compound, a carboxyl group-containing polyol compound, Examples thereof include polyoxyalkylene polyol compounds, polycarbonate polyol compounds, polycaprolactone polyol compounds, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- branched or linear diol compound having two hydroxyl groups that can be used as the polyol compound include the following.
- Alkylene diols Dimethylolpropionic acid (2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid), dimethylolbutanoic acid (2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butanoic acid), 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid Carboxyl group-containing diol compounds such as acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, Polyoxyalkylenediol compounds such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, random copolymers of tetramethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol, A polyester diol compound obtained by reacting a polyhydric alcohol and a polybasic acid, A polycarbonate diol compound having a carbonate skeleton, polycaprolactone diol compounds obtained by ring-opening addition reaction of lactones such as
- triol compound having optionally three hydroxyl groups that can be used as the polyol compound include the following.
- Polyether polyols such as copolymers, polyhydric alcohols or polyether polyols and maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid Polyester polyols that
- a branched or linear triol compound having these three hydroxyl groups When a branched or linear triol compound having these three hydroxyl groups is used, a part of the resulting carboxyl group-containing polyimide can be branched. For this reason, the crosslinking density of a carboxyl group-containing polyimide increases, and the resistance of a cured coating film can be improved. Thus, in order to further improve the resistance of the cured coating film, a branched or linear triol compound having three hydroxyl groups may be used as necessary.
- a polycarbonate polyol compound can be used as the polyol compound.
- a polycarbonate polyol compound is used, it is preferably a polycarbonate diol compound.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is used for electronic materials and the like, it can exhibit high electrical insulation and hydrolysis resistance.
- the polycarbonate diol compound is, for example, (I) reaction of glycol or bisphenol with carbonate ester; (Ii) a reaction in which phosgene is allowed to act on glycol or bisphenol in the presence of an alkali; Etc.
- Specific examples of the carbonic acid ester used in the production method (i) include dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate.
- glycol or bisphenol used in the production methods (i) and (ii) examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, butylene glycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, -Methyl-1,8-octanediol, 3,3'-dimethylolheptane, polyoxyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentane Diol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, neopentyl glycol, octanediol, butylethylpentanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, cyclohexanediol, 1, - cyclohexane
- the polycarbonate diol compound is preferably Kuraray Kuraray Polyol C series manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., and Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd. Duranol series. Among them, C-2090 (Kuraray Co., Ltd. carbonate diol: 3-methyl-1) is preferable.
- T5650E Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation polycarbonate diol: 1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol, number average molecular weight About 500
- T5651 polycarbonate diol: 1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, number average molecular weight of about 1,000
- a polyester polyol compound can be used as the polyol compound.
- a polyester diol compound is particularly preferable.
- OD-X-688 aliphatic polyester diol manufactured by DIC Corporation: adipic acid / neopentyl glycol / 1,6-hexanediol, number average molecular weight of about 2,000
- Vylon 220 Toyobo Co., Ltd.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyol compound is preferably 100 or more and 30000 or less, more preferably 200 or more and 20000 or less, and further preferably 200 or more and 10,000 or less.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide is particularly likely to have a high molecular weight.
- sufficient carboxyl groups to be thermally cured can be introduced into the carboxyl group-containing polyimide.
- a hard cured coating film can be formed.
- a carboxyl group-containing polyimide can be produced by chain-extending a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer with a polyol compound.
- the ring opening reaction of the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer proceeds by reacting the acid anhydride group in the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer with the hydroxyl group of the polyol compound.
- an ester bond can be formed, and on the other hand, two carboxyl groups (residual carboxyl groups) can be formed in the main chain of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide. Due to the presence of this carboxyl group, an excellent thermosetting property can be exhibited by using an appropriate amount of a compound containing an oxirane ring as a thermosetting agent.
- the charged molar ratio of the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer and the polyol compound can be adjusted according to the molecular weight and acid value of the target carboxyl group-containing polyimide.
- the combined amount of the diisocyanate compound and the polyol compound is important for controlling the molecular weight of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide.
- the number average molecular weight of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is preferably 3000 or more and 100,000 or less, more preferably 7000 or more and 100,000 or less, and further preferably 10,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
- a carboxyl group-containing thermosetting polyimide having a particularly good balance between heat resistance and solvent solubility can be obtained. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a carboxyl group-containing polyimide having excellent thermosetting property and easy handling. Moreover, a hard cured coating film can be formed.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is preferably one represented by the following general formula [IV] or [V].
- R 1 is an organic group excluding the carboxyl group of the acid dianhydride compound represented by the following general formula [II], and may contain a substituent.
- R 2 is an aromatic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alicyclic group, an aliphatic group, or a group having a heterocyclic ring, and R 2 represents an isocyanate group of a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula [III].
- R 1 and R 2 in the general formula [II] and [III] have the same meanings as in formula [IV] and [V] R 1 and R 2 in.)
- the reaction for chain extension of the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer with a polyol compound may be performed using a reaction can equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer.
- the reaction can is carried out by dissolving the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer and the catalyst with a solvent, adding a polyol compound thereto, and polymerizing.
- the polymerization temperature is preferably 60 to 150 ° C., and the polymerization time can be appropriately selected depending on the scale of the batch, the reaction conditions employed, particularly the reaction concentration.
- the organic solvent used when producing the carboxyl group-containing polyimide the same solvent as that used when producing the terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer mentioned above can be used.
- N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, and ⁇ -butyrolactone having good solubility. More preferred are N, N-dimethylacetamide and ⁇ -butyrolactone. Particularly preferred is ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- reaction catalyst used for producing the carboxyl group-containing polyimide examples include amines, quaternary ammonium salts, imidazoles, amides, pyridines, phosphines, and organometallic salts. More preferred are amine, pyridine and phosphine. More specifically, amines such as triethylamine and benzyldimethylamine; pyridines such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine; phosphines such as triphenylphosphine; Particularly preferred is 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
- the acid value of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention, 250-2500 is preferably equivalent / 10 6 g, more preferably from 350 to 2,200 equivalents / 10 6 g, more preferably 400 to 1,900 equivalents / 10 6 g.
- the acid value is derived from a carboxyl group (corresponding to a carboxyl group equivalent). If the acid value of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide is 250 to 2500 equivalents / 10 6 g, a sufficient cross-linked structure can be obtained, and thermosetting, heat resistance, solvent resistance, flame resistance, heat deterioration resistance, flexibility, etc. can be obtained. Especially good. Also, curing shrinkage is less likely to occur.
- thermosetting resin composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned carboxyl group-containing polyimide and a compound containing an oxirane ring as essential components, and further contains an inorganic filler and / or a curing accelerator containing phosphorus atoms as optional components. Can do.
- thermosetting agent that can be used in the present invention is a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with a carboxyl group of a carboxyl group-containing polyimide.
- a compound containing an oxirane ring can be used as the thermosetting agent.
- the compound containing an oxirane ring is not particularly limited as long as the oxirane ring is contained in the molecule.
- an epoxy group-containing compound such as a novolac-type epoxy resin, an oxetane group-containing compound such as a novolac-type oxetane resin, and the like can be given.
- Examples of the epoxy group-containing compound include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, brominated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, o-cresol novolak type epoxy resin, Flexible epoxy resin, amine type epoxy resin, heterocyclic ring containing epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin, triglycidyl isocyanurate, bixylenol type epoxy resin, glycidyl group Compound etc. are mentioned.
- the oxetane group-containing compound is not particularly limited as long as it has an oxetane ring in the molecule and can be cured.
- 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, 1,4-bis- ⁇ [(3 -Ethyl-3-oxetanyl) methoxy] methyl ⁇ benzene 3-ethyl 3- (phenoxymethyl) oxetane, di [1-ethyl (3-oxetanyl)] methyl ether, 3-ethyl-3- (2-ethylhexyloxy) Methyl) oxetane, 3-ethyl-3- ⁇ [3- (triethoxyl) propoxy] methyl ⁇ oxetane, 3,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) oxetane, di [1-hydroxymethyl (3-oxetanyl)] methyl ether, 3,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) oxetane,
- oxirane ring-containing compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- These compounds containing an oxirane ring may further contain an epoxy compound having only one epoxy group in one molecule as a diluent.
- the compound containing the oxirane ring to be added in advance may be added after dissolving in the same solvent as the solvent contained in the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, or the carboxyl group You may add directly to the containing polyimide.
- a crosslinking aid can be used in combination as necessary.
- Such crosslinking aids include glycidyl ether groups, glycidyl ester groups, glycidylamino groups, benzyloxymethyl groups, dimethylaminomethyl groups, diethylaminomethyl groups, dimethylolaminomethyl groups, diethylolaminomethyl groups, morpholinomethyl groups.
- thermosetting property can be set in a desired range by adjusting the ratio of the oxirane ring and the carboxyl group involved in thermosetting.
- the amount of the compound containing the oxirane ring may be determined in consideration of the application of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention, and is not particularly limited, but the amount of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention is 100 parts by weight. On the other hand, it is preferably in the range of 2 to 100 parts by weight, and more preferably in the range of 3 to 80 parts by weight.
- the crosslink density of the cured product obtained from the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention can be adjusted to an appropriate value. This can be further improved.
- the amount of the compound containing the oxirane ring is less than 2 parts by weight, the crosslinkability is deteriorated, and if it is more than 100 parts by weight, the crosslinkability is lowered, so that heat resistance, chemical resistance, solvent resistance And plating resistance may deteriorate.
- thermosetting agent there is no particular limitation as long as it is a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or the like as a thermosetting agent other than the compound containing the oxirane ring.
- isocyanate compounds blocked isocyanate compounds, cyanate ester compounds, aziridine compounds, acid anhydride group-containing compounds, carboxyl group-containing compounds, carbodiimide group-containing compounds, benzoxazine compounds, maleimide compounds, citraconic imide compounds, nadiimides Compound, allyl nadiimide compound, vinyl ether compound, vinyl benzyl ether resin, thiol compound, melamine compound, guanamine compound, amino resin, phenol resin, alkyd resin, acrylic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, diallyl phthalate resin, silicone resin, xylene resin , Furan resin, ketone resin, triallyl cyanurate resin, resin containing tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate, triallyl trimelli Resin containing over preparative, dicyclopentadiene resins, such as thermosetting resin by trimerization of aromatic dicyanamide and the like.
- These compounds may be used alone or
- the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is for improving flame retardancy.
- This organic filler has a high phosphorus content, a high flame retardancy efficiency, hardly undergoes hydrolysis, is hydrophobic, and has properties that do not deteriorate electrical properties. Therefore, by using this, a thermosetting resin composition excellent in flame retardancy and electrical insulation can be obtained.
- the organic filler is an organic compound in the form of a fine powder, and refers to an insoluble or insoluble one in an organic solvent or water.
- the organic filler containing a phosphorus atom is preferably composed of a phosphinic acid salt represented by the following general formula [VI].
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and M is Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, (Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K or protonated nitrogen base, m is an integer of 1 to 4)
- Examples of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms include aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate, aluminum trismethylethylphosphinate, aluminum trisdiphenylphosphinate, zinc bisdiethylphosphinate, zinc bismethylethylphosphinate, zinc bisdiphenylphosphinate. Selected from the group consisting of titanyl bisdiethylphosphinate, titanium tetrakisdiethylphosphinate, titanyl bismethylethylphosphinate, titanium tetrakismethylethylphosphinate, titanyl bisdiphenylphosphinate, titanium tetrakisdiphenylphosphinate, and any mixture thereof What is done. Of these, aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate is preferred.
- examples of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms include organic phosphorus compounds.
- organic filler containing a phosphorus atom for example, a compound having a triazine skeleton can also be used.
- a compound having a triazine skeleton can also be used.
- Specific examples include melamine polyphosphate, melam polyphosphate, melem polyphosphate, and the like.
- the compound having a triazine skeleton is used as a flame retardant aid together with other organic fillers containing phosphorus atoms. By using both in combination, not only can excellent flame retardancy be achieved, but the total amount of organic filler containing phosphorus atoms can be reduced, resulting in a significant contribution to low warpage and flexibility.
- the amount of the compound having a triazine skeleton is preferably 0 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms.
- the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is not particularly limited as long as it is hardly soluble or insoluble in the organic solvent used in the present invention.
- the average particle diameter of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter is larger than the above range, the surface area is reduced with respect to the amount used, and sufficient flame retardancy is not exhibited due to poor dispersion.
- the performance required as a resist such as flexibility, adhesion, and long-term reliability, may be significantly reduced. Accordingly, it can be said that the average particle size should be as small as possible.
- it may be previously pulverized by a bead mill or the like, or may be pulverized by a three roll or the like when blended with a resin.
- the amount of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is preferably 5 to 125 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide (A). If the amount of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is too small, the flame retardant effect is insufficient. On the other hand, if the amount used is too large, adhesion to the substrate, low warpage, flexibility, etc. are reduced. There is a tendency.
- the phosphorus content in the thermosetting resin composition of the present invention is preferably 0.3 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 8.5% by weight, still more preferably 1 to 8% by weight. %. Therefore, the addition amount of the compound having an oxirane ring is adjusted so that the phosphorus content falls within this range. If the phosphorus content is less than the above range, good flame retardancy cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds the above range, the mechanical properties, heat resistance, adhesion and insulation properties of the coating film may be lowered.
- the weight ratio of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, the compound containing an oxirane ring, and the organic filler containing a phosphorus atom in the thermosetting resin composition of the present invention is preferably 30 to 95/1 to 50/2 to 55. More preferably, it is 35 to 90/2 to 45/5 to 50, and more preferably 45 to 85/3 to 25/10 to 35.
- the compound containing an oxirane ring exceeds the above range, the crosslinkability tends to deteriorate.
- the amount of the organic filler containing phosphorus atoms is less than the above range, the flame retardant effect is insufficient.
- the amount is large, adhesion to the substrate, low warpage, flexibility, and the like tend to decrease.
- the total weight of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide, the compound containing an oxirane ring, and the organic filler containing a phosphorus atom is preferably 20% by weight or more in the thermosetting resin composition. If it is less than the above range, the crosslinkability may be lowered, resulting in poor heat resistance or insufficient flame retardancy.
- a curing accelerator can be used in order to further improve properties such as thermosetting, heat resistance, adhesion, chemical resistance, and solvent resistance.
- the curing accelerator is not particularly limited as long as it can accelerate the curing reaction between the carboxyl group-containing polyimide and the compound containing an oxirane ring.
- curing accelerators examples include imidazole derivatives, guanamines such as acetoguanamine and benzoguanamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, m-phenylenediamine, m-xylenediamine, diaminodiphenylsulfone, dicyandiamide, urea, urea derivatives, melamine, Polyamines such as basic hydrazides, their organic acid salts and / or epoxy adducts, amine complexes of boron trifluoride, ethyldiamino-S-triazine, 2,4-diamino-S-triazine, 2,4-diamino-6 -Triazine derivatives such as xylyl-S-triazine, trimethylamine, triethanolamine, N, N-dimethyloctylamine, N-benzyldimethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, hex
- Examples include a molar reaction product, an equimolar reaction product of organic polyisocyanate such as tolylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate, and dimethylamine. You may use these individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- a curing accelerator having latent curability is preferable, and examples thereof include organic acid salts of DBU and DBN and / or tetraphenylboroate, and a photocationic polymerization catalyst.
- the amount of the curing accelerator used is preferably 0 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the compound containing an oxirane ring. If it exceeds 30 parts by weight, the storage stability of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide and the heat resistance and solvent resistance of the coating film may be lowered.
- the amount of the inorganic or organic filler used is preferably 1 to 25% by weight when the entire nonvolatile content of the thermosetting resin composition is 100% by weight. More preferably, it is 2 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 3 to 12% by weight. When the amount of the inorganic or organic filler used is less than 1% by weight, the printability tends to be lowered, and when it exceeds 25% by weight, the mechanical properties such as the flexibility of the coating film and the transparency tend to be lowered.
- the resist ink is composed of a compound containing the above-mentioned carboxyl group-containing polyimide and oxirane ring, an organic filler and a curing accelerator containing a phosphorus atom as required, a solvent, and other ingredients as necessary. Is blended at a suitable ratio and mixed uniformly with a roll mill, a mixer or the like. The mixing method is not particularly limited as long as sufficient dispersion is obtained, but kneading a plurality of times with three rolls is preferable.
- the same type of solvent as that used when producing the carboxyl group-containing polyimide can be used.
- the viscosity of the resist ink with a B-type viscometer is preferably in the range of 50 dPa ⁇ s to 1000 dPa ⁇ s at 25 ° C., and more preferably in the range of 100 dPa ⁇ s to 800 dPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity is less than 50 dPa ⁇ s, the flow of the resist ink after printing tends to increase and the film thickness tends to be reduced.
- the viscosity exceeds 1000 Pa ⁇ s, the transfer property of the resist ink to the base material is lowered during printing, causing blurring, and increasing voids and pinholes in the printed film.
- an organic filler that does not contain inorganic or phosphorus atoms may be added to the resist ink.
- These fillers are not particularly limited as long as they can be dispersed in a solution of a carboxyl group-containing polyimide (A) to form a resist ink and impart thixotropic properties to the resist ink.
- the inorganic filler include silica (SiO 2 ), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), titania (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
- the inorganic filler those having an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less and a maximum particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less are preferable, an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m or less is more preferable, and an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less is most preferable.
- the average particle diameter (median diameter) here is determined on a volume basis using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus. When the average particle diameter exceeds 50 ⁇ m, it becomes difficult to obtain a resist ink having sufficient thixotropy, and the flexibility of the coating film is lowered. When the maximum particle diameter exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the appearance and adhesion of the coating film tend to be insufficient.
- organic filler examples include polyimide resin particles, benzoguanamine resin particles, and epoxy resin particles.
- known and commonly used colorants such as phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, iodine green, disazo yellow, crystal violet, titanium oxide, carbon black, naphthalene black, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl
- known and conventional polymerization inhibitors such as ether, tert-butylcatechol, pyrogallol and phenothiazine
- known and conventional thickeners such as olben, benton and montmorillonite
- defoamers and leveling agents such as silicones, fluorines and polymers , Imidazole, thiazole, triazole, organoaluminum compounds, organotitanium compounds, organosilane compounds, etc.
- resist ink When resist ink is used as, for example, a solder resist, the resist ink is applied to a flexible printed wiring board with a film thickness of 5 to 80 ⁇ m by a method such as screen printing, spraying, roll coating, electrostatic coating, or curtain coating. After the coating film is pre-dried at 60 to 100 ° C., it is dried at 100 to 200 ° C. and cured. Drying may be in air or in an inert atmosphere.
- Resist ink is useful as a film-forming material in addition to solder resists for semiconductor elements, overcoats for various electronic components, and interlayer insulating films, and can also be suitably used as a paint, coating agent, adhesive, and the like.
- the thermosetting resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a resist layer for printed circuit boards.
- the “flexible metal-clad laminate” is a laminate formed from a metal foil and a resin layer, and is a laminate useful for manufacturing a flexible printed circuit board, for example.
- the “flexible printed circuit board” can be manufactured, for example, by processing a circuit by a conventionally known method such as a subtractive method using a flexible metal-clad laminate, and if necessary, a conductor circuit Partially or entirely covered with a coverlay film or screen printing ink, so-called flexible substrate (FPC), flat cable, substrate for tape automated bonding (TAB), or TCP (tape carrier) Package) A generic name for substrates for mounting (chip-on-flexible substrates, etc.).
- FPC flexible substrate
- TAB substrate for tape automated bonding
- TCP tape carrier
- the present invention is a flexible metal-clad laminate having at least a metal foil layer and a resin layer, wherein the resin layer is obtained by thermosetting a carboxyl group-containing polyimide having a specific structure.
- the metal foil layer and the resin layer may be laminated directly or indirectly.
- the metal foil of the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention copper foil, aluminum foil, steel foil, nickel foil, and the like can be used. Composite metal foils obtained by combining these and other metals such as zinc and chromium compounds It can also be used for the metal foil treated with 1. Of these, copper foil is generally used.
- the thickness of the metal foil is not particularly limited, but for example, a metal foil of 3 to 50 ⁇ m can be preferably used. In particular, for finer circuit pitches, the thickness is preferably 3 to 12 ⁇ m, and the surface roughness Rz of the coated surface is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the metal foil is usually in the form of a ribbon, and its length is not particularly limited. Also, the width of the ribbon-like metal foil is not particularly limited, but generally it is preferably about 25 to 300 cm, particularly about 50 to 150 cm. As the copper foil, a commercially available electrolytic foil or a rolled foil can be used as it is.
- HLS manufactured by Nippon Electrolytic Co., Ltd.
- F0-WS Fluorescence-to-VLP
- DFF Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.
- the resin layer of the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention is a polyol compound containing a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer obtained by reacting an acid anhydride group in tetracarboxylic dianhydride with an isocyanate group in a diisocyanate compound. It is obtained by thermally curing a carboxyl group-containing polyimide having a structure extended through a chain.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide When the carboxyl group-containing polyimide is thermally cured to obtain a resin layer, the carboxyl group-containing polyimide may be used after being dissolved in a solvent not containing a basic compound such as an amine.
- solvents include toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, nitrobenzene, cyclohexane, isophorone, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl.
- N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, and ⁇ -butyrolactone having good solubility. More preferred are N, N-dimethylacetamide and ⁇ -butyrolactone. Particularly preferred is ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- the above carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution for the purpose of improving various properties of the flexible metal-clad laminate or flexible printed circuit board, for example, mechanical properties, electrical properties, slipperiness, flame retardancy, etc., the above carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution, Other resins, organic compounds, and inorganic compounds may be mixed or reacted to be used in combination.
- lubricant silicon, talc, silicone, etc.
- adhesion promoter flame retardant (phosphorus, triazine, aluminum hydroxide, etc.), stabilizer (antioxidant, UV absorber, polymerization inhibitor, etc.), plating activity Agents, organic and inorganic fillers (talc, titanium oxide, silica, fluorine polymer fine particles, pigments, dyes, calcium carbide, etc.), silicone compounds, fluorine compounds, isocyanate compounds, blocked isocyanate compounds, acrylic resins, urethanes Resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin and organic compounds, or these curing agents, inorganic compounds such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, iron oxide and the like do not hinder the purpose of the present invention Can be used together in a range.
- a catalyst for polyimide formation such as aliphatic tertiary amine, aromatic tertiary amine, heterocyclic tertiary amine, aliphatic acid anhydride, aromatic acid anhydride, hydroxy compound, etc. It may be added.
- triethylamine, triethylenediamine, dimethylaniline, pyridine, picoline, isoquinoline, imidazole, undecene, hydroxyacetophenone and the like are preferable, and pyridine compound, imidazole compound and undecene compound are particularly preferable.
- benzimidazole, triazole, 4 -Pyridinemethanol, 2-hydroxypyridine and diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecene-7 are preferred, and 2-hydroxypyridine and diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undecene-7 are more preferred.
- the production method of the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution is applied directly to a metal foil or via an adhesive layer, and the coating film is dried (initial drying).
- a method of heat treatment and solvent removal can be mentioned.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and a conventionally well-known method can be applied. For example, after adjusting the viscosity of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution with a roll coater, knife coater, doctor, blade coater, gravure coater, die coater, reverse coater, etc., it is applied directly to the metal foil or via an adhesive layer. be able to.
- the adhesive composition in the case of laminating through the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) adhesive, polyamide adhesive, polyester adhesive, polyester urethane adhesive, epoxy resin Type, acrylic resin type, polyimide resin type, polyamideimide resin type, polyesterimide resin type and other adhesives can be used, but in terms of heat resistance, adhesiveness, bending resistance, etc., polyimide resin type, polyamideimide resin type, or A resin composition in which an epoxy resin is blended with these resins is preferable, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably about 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- NBR acrylonitrile butadiene rubber
- the above adhesive is further applied for the purpose of improving various properties of the flexible printed circuit board. You can also.
- the adhesive composition and thickness are the same as described above from the viewpoints of heat resistance, adhesiveness, bending resistance, curling properties of the flexible printed wiring board, and the conditions for application and drying are the same as those for the carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution. Can be applied.
- the initial boiling point is 70 to 130 ° C lower than the boiling point (Tb (° C)) of the solvent used in the carboxyl group-containing polyimide solution, and then the boiling point of the solvent. Further drying (secondary drying) at a temperature close to or above the boiling point is preferred.
- the initial drying temperature varies depending on the type of solvent, but is generally about 60 to 150 ° C., preferably about 80 to 120 ° C.
- the time required for the initial drying is generally an effective time for the solvent remaining rate in the coating film to be about 5 to 40% under the above-mentioned temperature conditions, but is generally about 1 to 30 minutes, particularly 2 About 15 minutes is preferable.
- the secondary drying conditions are not particularly limited, and may be dried at a temperature close to the boiling point of the solvent or at a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point. . If it is less than 120 degreeC, drying time will become long and productivity will fall, and when it exceeds 400 degreeC, a degradation reaction may advance depending on resin composition, and a resin film may become fragile.
- the time required for the secondary drying is generally an effective time at which the solvent residual ratio in the coating film is eliminated under the above temperature conditions, but is generally several minutes to several tens of hours.
- Drying may be performed under an inert gas atmosphere or under reduced pressure.
- the inert gas include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, and argon, but it is preferable to use easily available nitrogen.
- the reaction is preferably performed at a pressure of about 10 ⁇ 5 to 10 3 Pa, preferably about 10 ⁇ 1 to 200 Pa.
- Both initial drying and secondary drying are not particularly limited to drying methods, but can be performed by a conventionally known method such as a roll support method or a floating method. Further, continuous heat treatment in a heating furnace such as a tenter type, winding in a wound state, and heat treatment in a batch type oven may be performed. In the case of a batch type, it is preferable to wind up so that a coating surface and a non-coating surface do not contact.
- a heating method a conventionally known electric furnace, IR heater, far-infrared heater, or the like can be applied.
- the adhesive composition in the case of bonding through an adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) adhesive, polyamide adhesive, polyester adhesive, polyester urethane adhesive, epoxy resin system Adhesives such as acrylic resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, and polyesterimide resin can be used. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, adhesiveness, and bending resistance, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, or these A resin composition in which an epoxy resin is blended with the above resin is preferable, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably about 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- polyester or polyester urethane resin or a resin composition in which an epoxy resin is blended with these resins is preferable, and the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably about 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the performance of the flexible printed circuit board, but if the thickness is too thin, sufficient adhesiveness may not be obtained. When the thickness is too thick, processability (drying property, coating property) and the like may be deteriorated.
- a flexible printed circuit board can be produced by circuit processing by a method such as a subtractive method.
- a heat-resistant film such as polyimide is bonded to the wiring board (the conductor circuit is formed by an adhesive) by a conventionally known method.
- a method of bonding to a formed base substrate) or a method of applying a liquid coating agent to a wiring board by a screen printing method can be applied.
- the liquid coating agent conventionally known epoxy-based and polyimide-based inks can be used, but polyimide-based inks are preferable. It is also possible to directly bond an epoxy or polyimide adhesive sheet to the wiring board.
- the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention can simultaneously satisfy thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance. Therefore, the flexible printed circuit board (FPC) using the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention can be suitably used for electronic devices, electronic parts, automobile parts, electrical appliances, and the like. Further, it can be suitably used for a flat cable, a substrate for tape automated bonding (TAB), a substrate for mounting a TCP (tape carrier package) (chip-on flexible substrate, etc.), and the like.
- TAB tape automated bonding
- TCP tape carrier package
- ⁇ Resin composition 15 mg of a sample such as a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer and a carboxyl group-containing polyimide is dissolved in 0.6 ml of heavy dimethyl sulfoxide, and a Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (Biospin AVANCE 500 manufactured by Bruker) is used. Then, 1 H-NMR analysis was performed, and the molar ratio was determined from the integral ratio.
- ⁇ Number average molecular weight> A sample such as a terminal acid anhydride group-containing imide prepolymer and a carboxyl group-containing polyimide is dissolved and / or diluted with tetrahydrofuran so that the resin concentration is about 0.5% by weight, and a polytetrafluoroethylene having a pore size of 0.5 ⁇ m is obtained.
- the molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran as a mobile phase and a differential refractometer as a detector, with the sample filtered through an ethylene fluoride membrane filter. The flow rate was 1 mL / min and the column temperature was 30 ° C. KF-802, 804L and 806L manufactured by Showa Denko were used for the column. Monodisperse polystyrene was used as the molecular weight standard.
- a 0.2 g sample of a carboxyl group-containing polyimide or the like is dissolved in 20 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone, titrated with a 0.1 N potassium hydroxide ethanol solution, and the equivalent per 10 6 g of the carboxyl group-containing resin (equivalent / equivalent) 10 6 g) was determined.
- thermosetting A composition comprising a carboxyl group-containing polyimide, a thermosetting agent, and a curing accelerator was applied to a glossy surface of an electrolytic copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m so that the thickness after drying was 20 ⁇ m, and dried at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. Then, heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a laminate having a cured film (hereinafter referred to as a laminate). What cut this laminated body into the magnitude
- ⁇ Peel strength> A composition comprising a carboxyl group-containing polyimide, a thermosetting agent, and a curing accelerator was applied to a 25 ⁇ m-thick polyimide film (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, Apical) so that the thickness after drying was 20 ⁇ m, and 80 ° C. ⁇ Dried for 10 minutes. Then, it was dried at 120 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- the adhesive film thus obtained was bonded to an electrolytic copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m, the glossy surface of the electrolytic copper foil was in contact with the adhesive, and the pressure was 30 kg at 160 ° C. under a pressure of 35 kgf / cm 2. Pressed for 2 seconds and adhered.
- this decomposition solution is transferred to a 50 ml volumetric flask, 5 ml of 2% ammonium molybdate solution and 0.2% hydrazine sulfate solution 2 ml was added, and the volume was made up with pure water, and the contents were mixed well.
- the volumetric flask is heated and colored, then cooled to room temperature, degassed with ultrasonic waves, the solution is taken into an absorption cell 10 mm, and a blank test is performed with a spectrophotometer (wavelength 830 nm). Absorbance was measured using the solution as a control.
- the phosphorus content (% by weight) was determined from the calibration curve prepared previously, and the phosphorus atom concentration (phosphorus content) in the sample was calculated.
- ⁇ Flame retardance> A resist ink was applied to a polyimide film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m (Apical NPI manufactured by Kaneka Corporation), and then dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to prepare a dry coating film (thickness 15 ⁇ m). Next, heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. About the obtained laminated
- the flame retardancy is preferably VTM-1 or higher, most preferably VTM-0 in the UL94 standard.
- ⁇ Solder heat resistance> After applying resist ink to the electrolytic copper foil, it was dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to prepare a dry coating film (thickness: 15 ⁇ m). Next, a heat treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a resist film laminate (hereinafter, a similarly produced product is referred to as a resist film laminate). After applying rosin-based flux EC-19S-10 (Tamura Kaken Co., Ltd.) to this resist film laminate, it was immersed in a solder bath at 280 ° C. for 30 seconds in accordance with JIS-C6481, and peeling, swelling, etc. The presence or absence of abnormal appearance was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : No appearance abnormality ⁇ : Slight appearance abnormality ⁇ : Overall appearance abnormality
- the resist film laminate was evaluated according to JIS-K5400.
- the diameter of the mandrel was 2 mm and the presence or absence of cracks was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : No crack occurred ⁇ : Crack occurred
- DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- TMEG Ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- PMDA pyromellitic dianhydride
- BPDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- BTDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- ODPA 4, 4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA)
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- C-2090 polycarbonate diol (3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., number average About 2,000 molecular weight
- T5650E polycarbonate diol (1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kura
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TMEG ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- G-3000 OH group-terminated polybutadiene manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 3,000
- PLACEL CD-220 polycarbonate diol manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 2,000
- KF-8010 Silicon diamine manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 830
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- BTDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- TMEG ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- TMA trimellitic anhydride
- Example 1 39 parts by weight of HP-7200 (trade name of dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin manufactured by DIC Corporation) was added to 100 parts by weight of the resin content of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide (1-1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1. , Diluted with ⁇ -butyrolactone. Further, 1.4 parts by weight of UCAT-5002 (manufactured by Sun Apro Co., Ltd.) was added as a curing accelerator, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred using a paint shaker to obtain a composition comprising the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention.
- HP-7200 trade name of dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin manufactured by DIC Corporation
- the obtained blend was applied to a glossy surface of an electrolytic copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m and a polyimide film (manufactured by Kaneka Corporation, Apical) so that the thickness after drying was 20 ⁇ m. After drying at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes with hot air, the laminate was heated in an air atmosphere at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to form a cured film. Table 3 shows the composition and physical properties of the coating obtained.
- Examples 2 to 9 Comparative Examples 1 to 3> Except for changing to the composition shown in Table 3, a composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a laminate having a cured film formed thereon. Table 3 shows the composition and physical properties of the coating obtained.
- HP-7200 manufactured by DIC Corporation
- dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin Epicoat 828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin BPA-328 manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin XD- 1000-L Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin EXA-4816 DIC Corporation
- aliphatic modified epoxy resin jER-152 Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.
- phenol novolac type epoxy resin UCAT-5002 A curing accelerator manufactured by San Apro Co., Ltd., DBU tetraphenylborate salt
- thermosetting properties were all 90% by mass or more, and the peel strengths were all 5 N / cm or more.
- the PCT resistance was all “no appearance abnormality”, and the solvent resistance was all “no peeling even after 100 times and no change was observed in the cured coating film”. That is, the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention showed good evaluation results in all of thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance.
- thermosetting property was as good as 95% by mass.
- the silanol compound was copolymerized, the adhesion to the substrate was low.
- the molecular weight of the resin is difficult to increase and many unreacted low molecular weight substances remain, resulting in poor durability when used as a cured film.
- the solvent resistance was poor.
- DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- TMEG Ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride) BPDA: 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- PMDA pyromellitic dianhydride
- BTDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- ODPA 4, 4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA)
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- C-2090 polycarbonate diol (3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., number average About 2,000 molecular weight
- T5650E polycarbonate diol (1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kuraray
- the temperature of the reaction solution was lowered to 70 ° C., and 172 parts by weight of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) was added and stirred as a diisocyanate compound, and 0.2 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate was added thereto as a catalyst.
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- the reaction was performed at 100 ° C. for 4 hours, and it was confirmed that the isocyanate had almost disappeared. Thereafter, 175 parts by weight of ⁇ -butyrolactone was added for dilution, followed by cooling to room temperature to obtain a carboxyl group-containing resin (2′-2) having a solid content concentration of 45% by weight.
- Table 5 shows the composition and physical properties of the obtained resin.
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- C-2050 OH group-terminated polycarbonate diol manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 2,000 DMBA: 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid PLACEL CD-220: Daicel Chemical Co., Ltd.
- polycarbonate diol number average molecular weight of about 2,000 C-2090: OH group-terminated polycarbonate diol manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 2,000 KF-8010: Silicon diamine manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 830
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- TMEG ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- TMA trimellitic anhydride
- PMDA pyromellitic dianhydride
- EX-731 glycidyl compound manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation
- Example 1 With respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin content of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide (1′-1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1′-1, as an oxirane ring-containing compound, Epicron HP-7200 (manufactured by DIC Corporation, dicyclo) A product name of pentadiene type epoxy resin (39 parts by weight) was added and diluted with ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- Exolit OP-935 (made by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd., trade name of aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate), which is a flame retardant as an organic filler containing phosphorus atoms, is 35 parts by weight, and UCAT-5002 (SunAppro (Sanpro) 1.4 parts by weight), 3.1 parts by weight of BYK-054 (BIC Chemie) as the defoaming agent, and 3.2 parts by weight of BYK-358 (Bic Chemie) as the leveling agent.
- UCAT-5002 UnAppro (Sanpro) 1.4 parts by weight
- BYK-054 BIC Chemie
- BIC Chemie BYK-358
- Aerogel 300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., hydrophilic silica fine particles
- the filler is uniformly dispersed and has a thixotropic property. It was obtained Sutoinki.
- the viscosity was adjusted with ⁇ -butyrolactone, the solution viscosity was 250 poise and the throttling was 2.7.
- a comb-shaped pattern with a line spacing of 50 ⁇ m is formed on a glossy surface of an electrolytic copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m, or a polyimide film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m (manufactured by Kaneka, Apical NPI) or a two-layer CCL (manufactured by Toyobo, trade name: Viroflex).
- the resulting resist ink was applied to the prepared circuit so as to have a thickness of 15 ⁇ m after drying. After drying with hot air at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes, the laminate film was obtained by heating at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes in an air atmosphere. Table 6 shows the composition of the obtained resist ink and the physical properties of the coating film.
- HP-7200 manufactured by DIC Corporation
- dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin Epicoat 828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin XD-1000-L manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- dicyclopentadiene type Epoxy resin BPA-328 manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin EXA-4816 manufactured by DIC Corporation
- aliphatic modified epoxy resin jER-152 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.
- phenol novolac type epoxy resin OP-935 Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.
- aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate OP-930 Clariant Japan Co., Ltd., aluminum trisdiethylphosphinate HCA-HQ: Sanko Co., Ltd.
- Comparative Example 1 ′ had poor heat resistance and flexibility.
- the resin used here is water generated during the ring-closing reaction of the polyamic acid during the polymerization of the resin, so that the molecular weight of the resin is difficult to increase, a tough cured coating film cannot be obtained, and the heat deterioration resistance is poor. Furthermore, in addition to the copolymerization of the silicone compound with the resin, a large amount of flame retardant was added to impart flame retardancy, resulting in poor flexibility.
- Comparative Example 2 ′ was confirmed to be inferior in solder heat resistance, heat deterioration resistance, and flexibility.
- the resin used here introduces a carboxyl group into the resin by copolymerizing a large amount of 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid.
- 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid is poorly polymerizable and is the main resin. It is localized in the chain and has a low molecular weight.
- the curability since it remains as an unreacted substance, the curability is poor, the peeling of the coating film is remarkable in the solder heat resistance test, and the coating film was cracked immediately in the bending test. Moreover, discoloration of the coating film was remarkable in the heat deterioration resistance.
- Comparative Example 3 ′ was confirmed to have poor heat resistance and flexibility. Since the resin used here contains an amide / imide bond in the skeleton, it has a rigid skeleton compared to the examples and has a high elastic modulus. A large amount of flame retardant filler is added to impart flame retardancy, but the coating film becomes brittle and the coating film is cracked in the flexibility test. In addition, since the crosslinking point in the resin skeleton is only at the end of the resin, a tough cured coating film was not obtained and the heat deterioration resistance was insufficient.
- Comparative Example 4 ′ was confirmed to have poor heat resistance. Since the resin used here contains a urethane bond in the skeleton, the urethane bond decomposes when exposed to a high temperature for a long time, so that the coating film is significantly discolored in terms of heat deterioration resistance.
- DMAP 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- TMEG Ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride) BPDA: 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- PMDA pyromellitic dianhydride
- BTDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- ODPA 4, 4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA)
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- C-2090 polycarbonate diol (3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., number average About 2,000 molecular weight
- T5650E polycarbonate diol (1,5-pentanediol / 1,6-hexanediol) manufactured by Kuraray
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- dibutyltin dilaurate 0.007 part by weight of dibutyltin dilaurate was added thereto as a catalyst and reacted for 5 hours.
- BTDA 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- G-3000 OH group-terminated polybutadiene manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 3,000
- PLACEL CD-220 polycarbonate diol manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 2,000
- KF-8010 Silicone diamine manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., number average molecular weight of about 830
- TDI 2,4-toluene diisocyanate
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- BTDA 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- TMEG ethylene glycol bis (trimellitic anhydride)
- TMA trimellitic anhydride
- Example 1 ⁇ Example 1 '' Product name of HP-7200 (a dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin manufactured by DIC Corporation) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin content of the carboxyl group-containing polyimide (1 ′′ -1) obtained in Synthesis Example 1 ′′ -1. ) 39 parts by weight was added and diluted with ⁇ -butyrolactone. Further, 1.4 parts by weight of UCAT-5002 (manufactured by Sun Apro Co., Ltd.) was added as a curing accelerator, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred using a paint shaker to obtain a composition comprising the carboxyl group-containing polyimide of the present invention.
- HP-7200 a dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin manufactured by DIC Corporation
- the obtained blend was applied to the glossy surface of an electrolytic copper foil having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m so that the thickness after drying was 20 ⁇ m. After drying with hot air at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes, the flexible metal-clad laminate was obtained by heating at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes in an air atmosphere. Table 9 shows the composition of the blend and the evaluation results of the obtained laminate.
- HP-7200 manufactured by DIC Corporation
- dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin epicoat 828 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin XD-1000-L manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
- dicyclopentadiene type Epoxy resin BPA-328 manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
- bisphenol A type epoxy resin EXA-4816 manufactured by DIC Corporation
- aliphatic modified epoxy resin jER-152 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resins Co., Ltd.
- phenol novolac type epoxy resin UCAT-5002 A curing accelerator manufactured by San Apro Co., Ltd., DBU tetraphenylborate salt
- thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance As is clear from Table 9, in Examples 1 "to 9", good evaluation results can be obtained in all evaluation items of thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance. did it. Specifically, in Examples 1 ′′ to 9 ′′, the thermosetting properties were all 90% by mass or more, and the peel strengths were all 5 N / cm or more. The PCT resistance was all “no abnormality in appearance” and the solvent resistance was all “no peeling even after 100 times or change”. That is, the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention showed good evaluation results in all of thermosetting, peel strength, PCT resistance, and solvent resistance.
- Comparative Example 1 since the crosslinking point was only at the end of the resin and the acid value was low, the crosslinking property due to heat was low and the thermosetting property was 75% by mass, which was poor.
- the resin skeleton also includes a urethane bond, swelling and peeling occurred in the PCT resistance, resulting in failure.
- thermosetting property was as good as 95% by mass.
- the silanol compound was copolymerized, the adhesion to the substrate was low.
- the molecular weight of the resin is difficult to increase, and many unreacted low molecular weight substances remain, resulting in poor durability when used as a laminate.
- the solvent resistance was poor.
- the carboxyl group-containing polyimide which gives the hardened
- thermosetting resin composition of the present invention is excellent in curability and can produce a thermosetting layer having good flame retardancy, solder heat resistance, heat deterioration resistance, flexibility, etc., particularly at high temperatures for a long time. It can be suitably used as a resist layer for printed circuit boards that require durability as used. Furthermore, since the flexible metal-clad laminate of the present invention satisfies the above characteristics to a high degree, it can be suitably used for flexible printed boards used in electronic parts, automobile parts, electrical appliances, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、難燃性、半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、屈曲性を同時に満足する、プリント回路基板のレジスト層として好適に使用できる熱硬化性樹脂組成物に関する。
さらに、本発明は、上記カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを熱硬化して得られた樹脂層と金属箔層を有するフレキシブル金属張積層体に関し、特に、熱硬化性、剥離強度、耐PCT性、及び耐溶剤性を同時に満足できるフレキシシブル金属張積層体に関する。
しかし、この熱硬化性組成物には、以下のような問題点があった。
(1)酸無水物基が樹脂末端のみにしかないことで十分な熱硬化性が得られない。
(2)樹脂骨格中にウレタン結合を含むことで耐熱性が低い。
(3)ポリブタジエン骨格特有の酸化により分子内架橋を引き起こし、樹脂が反応中にゲル化したり、組成物としての保存安定性が著しく低下する。
また、本発明者らは、上述の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーがポリオール化合物を介して鎖延長された構造を有するカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと、オキシラン環を含有する化合物とからなる熱硬化性樹脂組成物を提供することにより、上記特性を同時に高度に満足できることを見出した。
さらに、本発明者らは、上述のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを熱硬化して得られた層をフレキシブル金属張積層体の樹脂層として使用することにより、熱硬化性、剥離強度、耐PCT性、及び耐溶剤性を同時に満足できるフレキシブル金属張積層体を提供できることを見出した。
(1)テトラカルボン酸二無水物中の酸無水物基とジイソシアネート化合物中のイソシアネート基を反応させて得られることを特徴とする末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(2)数平均分子量が500以上5000以下であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(3)テトラカルボン酸二無水物が、エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)、3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BPDA)、ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)、3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTDA)、及び4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)からなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物であることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(4)ジイソシアネート化合物が、芳香族ジイソシアネート、脂肪族ジイソシアネート、及び脂環族ジイソシアネートからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物であることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(5)以下の一般式[I]で表わされることを特徴とする(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(一般式[I]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。nは1~30の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[I]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
(6)(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーが、ポリオール化合物を介して鎖延長された構造を有することを特徴とするカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(7)数平均分子量が3000以上100000以下であることを特徴とする(6)に記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(8)酸価が250~2500当量/106gであることを特徴とする(6)または(7)に記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(9)ポリオール化合物がポリカーボネートポリオール化合物又はポリエステルポリオール化合物であることを特徴とする(6)~(8)のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(10)以下の一般式[IV]又は[V]によって表わされることを特徴とする(6)~(9)のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(一般式[IV]及び[V]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。R3は、炭素数1~20のアルキレン基、またはエステル結合、カーボネート結合、及びエーテル結合より選ばれる少なくとも1つの結合を有するジオール化合物のヒドロキシル基を除いた残基である。n及びmはそれぞれ独立の整数であり、nは1~30の整数、mは1~200の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[IV]及び[V]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
(11)プリント回路基板のレジスト層として使用する熱硬化性樹脂組成物であって、(6)~(10)のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド、及びオキシラン環を含有する化合物を含むことを特徴とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(12)オキシラン環を含有する化合物の使用量が、カルボキシル基含有ポリイミド100重量部に対して2~100重量部であることを特徴とする(11)に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(13)リン原子を含有する有機フィラーをさらに含むことを特徴とする(11)または(12)に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(14)カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと、オキシラン環を含有する化合物と、リン原子を含有する有機フィラーの重量比率が、30~95/1~50/2~55であることを特徴とする(13)に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(15)カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと、オキシラン環を含有する化合物と、リン原子を含有する有機フィラーの合計重量が、熱硬化性樹脂組成物中の20重量%以上であることを特徴とする(13)または(14)に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(16)硬化促進剤をさらに含むことを特徴とする(11)~(15)のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
(17)少なくとも金属箔層および樹脂層を有するフレキシブル金属張積層体であって、前記樹脂層が、(6)~(10)のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを熱硬化して得られたものであることを特徴とするフレキシブル金属張積層体。
(18)(17)に記載のフレキシブル金属張積層体を用いて回路加工されたことを特徴とするフレキシブルプリント基板。
(19)(18)に記載のフレキシブルプリント基板を用いてなることを特徴とする電子機器。
本発明の熱硬化性樹脂組成物は、難燃性、半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、屈曲性等の特性を同時に高度に満足することができるので、自動車部品や電化製品等のプリント回路基板のレジスト層として好適に使用できる。
本発明のフレキシブル金属張積層体は、樹脂構造中に分岐が少なくかつ樹脂の分子量が高いという特性を有する新規のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを熱硬化して得られた樹脂層を有するので、熱硬化性、剥離強度、耐PCT性、及び耐溶剤性を同時に満足できる。
(1)テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジイソシアネート化合物を反応させて末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーを生成する。
(2)テトラカルボン酸二無水物の両末端がエステル結合を介してポリオール化合物と結合した末端ヒドロキシル基含有化合物と、末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー成分とを反応させる。
(一般式[I]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。nは1~30の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[I]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
(1)分岐構造が無く、直鎖上である
(2)分子両末端に反応性の酸無水物基を有する
(1)ゲル化すること無く十分に高分子量化できる
(2)側鎖に多数のカルボキシル基を有している
この高分子量のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドに、カルボキシル基と反応し得る官能基を有する熱硬化剤を配合した組成物は、良好な熱硬化性を示す。硬化塗膜としても強靭かつ高い凝集力を有することから、フィルムや金属箔等の基材に対して良好な剥離強度を示す。またイミド結合由来の高い耐PCT性や耐溶剤性を付与することができる。
例えば、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、1,8-オクタンジオール、2-メチル1,8-オクタンジオール、1,9-ノナンジオール、1,10-デカンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール等のアルキレンジオール、
ジメチロールプロピオン酸(2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピオン酸)、ジメチロールブタン酸(2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)ブタン酸)、2,3-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、3,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、3,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸等のカルボキシル基含有ジオール化合物、
ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、テトラメチレングリコールとネオペンチルグリコールとのランダム共重合体等のポリオキシアルキレンジオール化合物、
多価アルコールと多塩基酸とを反応させて得られるポリエステルジオール化合物、
カーボネート骨格を有するポリカーボネートジオール化合物、
γ-ブチルラクトン、ε-カプロラクトン、δ-バレロラクトン等のラクトン類を開環付加反応させて得られるポリカプロラクトンジオール化合物、
ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物、ビスフェノールAのプロピレンオキサイド付加物、水添ビスフェノールA、水添ビスフェノールAのエチレンオキサイド付加物、水添ビスフェノールAのプロピレンオキサイド付加物等が挙げられ、これらを単独、又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
例えば、トリメチロールエタン、ポリトリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ポリトリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ポリペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、マンニトール、アラビトール、キシリトール、ガラクチトール、グリセリン、または、これらの多価アルコールを原料の一部として用いて合成されたポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリプロピレンオキサイド、エチレンオキサイド/プロピレンオキサイドのブロック共重合体またはランダム共重合体、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、テトラメチレングリコールとネオペンチルグリコールとのブロック共重合体またはランダム共重合体等のポリエーテルポリオール類、多価アルコールまたはポリエーテルポリオールと無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、無水イタコン酸、イタコン酸、アジピン酸、イソフタル酸等の多塩基酸との縮合物であるポリエステルポリオール類;カプロラクトン変性ポリテトラメチレンポリオール等のカプロラクトン変性ポリオール、ポリオレフィン系ポリオール、水添ポリブタジエンポリオール等のポリブタジエン系ポリオール、シリコーン系ポリオール等のポリオール類等の多価アルコール化合物が挙げられる。
ポリカーボネートジオール化合物は、例えば、
(i)グリコールまたはビスフェノールと炭酸エステルとの反応、
(ii)グリコールまたはビスフェノールにアルカリの存在下でホスゲンを作用させる反応、
などで得られる。
A/(B+C)=60/100~99/100または140/100~101/100の比率がよく、
好ましくは、A/(B+C)=75/100~99/100または125/100~101/100、
より好ましくは、A/(B+C)=85/100~99/100または115/100~101/100、
特に好ましくは、A/(B+C)=90/100~99/100または110/100~101/100、
の比率がよい。
(一般式[IV]及び[V]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた2価の有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。R3は、炭素数1~20のアルキレン基、またはエステル結合、カーボネート結合、及びエーテル結合より選ばれる少なくとも1つの結合を有するジオール化合物のヒドロキシル基を除いた残基である。n及びmはそれぞれ独立の整数であり、nは1~30の整数、mは1~200の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[IV]及び[V]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーをポリオール化合物で鎖延長する反応は、撹拌器及び温度計を装備した反応缶を用いて行っても良い。反応缶に、溶剤で末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーと触媒を溶解し、ここにポリオール化合物を添加して、重合することにより行われる。重合温度は60以上150℃以下とすることが好ましく、重合時間は、バッチの規模、採用される反応条件、特に反応濃度により適宜選択することができる。
(一般式[VI]中、R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立に直鎖状のまたは枝分かれした炭素数1~6のアルキル基またはアリール基であり、Mは、Mg、Ca、Al、Sb、Sn、Ge、Ti、Fe、Zr、Zn、Ce、Bi、Sr、Mn、Li、Na、Kまたはプロトン化した窒素塩基であり、mは1~4の整数である。)
本発明において、「フレキシブル金属張積層体」とは、金属箔と樹脂層とから形成された積層体であって、例えば、フレキシブルプリント基板等の製造に有用な積層体である。また、本発明において、「フレキシブルプリント基板」とは、例えば、フレキシブル金属張積層体を用いて、サブトラクティブ法等の従来公知の方法で回路加工することにより製造でき、必要に応じて、導体回路を部分的、或いは全面的にカバーレイフィルムやスクリーン印刷インキ等を用いて被覆した、いわゆるフレキシブル基板(FPC)、フラットケーブル、テープオートメーティツドボンディング(TAB)用の基板、又は、TCP(テープキャリアパッケージ)実装用の基板(チップオンフレキシブル基板など)などを総称している。
なお、金属箔層と樹脂層は、直接または間接的に積層されていてもよい。
末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー、及びカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドなどの試料15mgを、0.6mlの重ジメチルスルホキシドに溶解し、フーリエ変換核磁気共鳴スペクトロメーター(ブルーカー社製バイオスピン AVANCE500)を用いて、1H-NMR分析を行ってその積分比より、モル比を求めた。
末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー、及びカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドなどの試料を、樹脂濃度が0.5重量%程度となるようにテトラヒドロフランで溶解および/または希釈し、孔径0.5μmのポリ四フッ化エチレン製メンブレンフィルターで濾過したものを測定用試料として、テトラヒドロフランを移動相とし、示差屈折計を検出器とするゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)により分子量を測定した。流速は1mL/分、カラム温度は30℃とした。カラムには昭和電工製KF-802、804L、806Lを用いた。分子量標準には単分散ポリスチレンを使用した。
カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドなどの試料0.2gを20mlのN-メチルピロリドンに溶解し、0.1Nの水酸化カリウムエタノール溶液で滴定し、カルボキシル基含有樹脂などの試料106gあたりの当量(当量/106g)を求めた。
カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと熱硬化剤、硬化促進剤からなる配合物を、厚さ18μmの電解銅箔の光沢面に乾燥後の厚みが20μmとなるように塗布し、80℃×10分間乾燥した。ついで、120℃で1時間の熱処理を行い、硬化膜を形成した積層体を得た(以下、積層体という)。この積層体を2.5cm×10cmの大きさにカットしたものを試験片とした。
試験片を60分間N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)中に浸漬し、浸漬前後の試験片の質量を測定し、質量の残存率をゲル分率とした。
ゲル分率(質量%)=[(NMP浸漬後の質量-電解銅箔の質量)/(NMP浸漬前の質量-電解銅箔の質量)]×100
得られた積層体を2.5cm×10cmの大きさにカットした試験片について、121℃×100%Rh×1.2atmの条件下で24時間耐熱処理を実施し、硬化膜の剥がれや膨れ等の外観異常の有無を観察した。
(判定)
○:外観異常なし
△:わずかに外観異常あり
×:全面外観異常あり
得られた積層体を2.5cm×10cmの大きさにカットした試験片について、ガーゼフェルトにメチルエチルケトンを浸し、500gの荷重をかけてラビング試験を行った。硬化膜が剥がれるまでの回数(一往復で一回とし、上限は100回とする)を、以下の基準で評価した。
(判定)
○:100回以上でも剥がれず、硬化塗膜に変化がみられない
△:100回以上でも剥がれないが、硬化塗膜に傷などが発生する
×:100回以下で、硬化塗膜が剥がれる
カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと熱硬化剤、硬化促進剤からなる配合物を、厚さ25μmのポリイミドフィルム((株)カネカ製、アピカル)に乾燥後の厚みが20μmとなるように塗布し、80℃×10分間乾燥した。ついで、120℃×3分間乾燥した。このようにして得られた接着性フィルムを厚さ18μmの電解銅箔と張り合わせる際、電解銅箔の光沢面が接着剤と接するようにして、160℃で35kgf/cm2の加圧下で30秒間プレスし、接着した。ついで、120℃で1時間の熱処理を行い、剥離強度評価用サンプルを作製した。得られたサンプルを、25℃において、引張速度50mm/minで90°剥離試験を行い、剥離強度(N/cm)を測定した。
試料中のリン濃度にあわせて試料を三角フラスコに量りとり、硫酸3ml、過塩素酸0.5mlおよび硝酸3.5mlを加え、電熱器で半日かけて徐々に加熱分解した。溶液が透明になった後、さらに加熱して硫酸白煙を生じさせ、室温まで放冷し、この分解液を50mlメスフラスコに移し、2%モリブデン酸アンモニウム溶液5mlおよび0.2%硫酸ヒドラジン溶液2mlを加え、純水にてメスアップし、内容物をよく混合した。沸騰水浴中に10分間、前記メスフラスコをつけて加熱発色した後、室温まで水冷し、超音波にて脱気し、溶液を吸収セル10mmに採り、分光光度計(波長830nm)にて空試験液を対照にして吸光度を測定した。先に作成しておいた検量線からリン含有量(重量%)を求め、試料中のリン原子濃度(リン含有率)を算出した。
厚さ25μmのポリイミドフィルム(カネカ(株)製アピカルNPI)に、レジストインキを塗布した後、80℃×5分間乾燥して乾燥塗膜(厚み15μm)を調製した。次いで、120℃で1時間の熱処理を行なった。得られた積層フィルムについて、UL94規格に従い、難燃性を評価した。難燃性は,UL94規格において、VTM-1以上が好ましく、VTM-0が最も好ましい。
電解銅箔にレジストインキを塗布した後、80℃×5分間乾燥して乾燥塗膜(厚み15μm)を調製した。次いで、120℃で1時間の熱処理を行い、レジスト膜積層体を得た(以下、同様に作製したものをレジスト膜積層体と称する)。このレジスト膜積層体に、ロジン系フラックスEC-19S-10(タムラ科研(株)製)を塗布した後、JIS-C6481に準じて280℃の半田浴に30秒間浸漬し、剥がれや膨れ等の外観異常の有無を以下の基準で評価した。
○:外観異常なし
△:わずかに外観異常あり
×:全面外観異常あり
上記のレジスト膜積層体を、レジスト面が表側になるように250℃の半田浴に1時間浮かべ、剥がれや膨れ等の外観異常の有無を以下の基準で評価した。
○:外観異常なし
△:わずかに外観異常あり
×:全面外観異常あり
上記のレジスト膜積層体に対して、JIS-K5400に準拠して評価を行った。心棒の直径は2mmとし、クラック発生の有無を以下の基準で評価した。
○:クラックの発生なし
×:クラックの発生あり
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として、エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)389.8重量部と、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1230.6重量部を加え、120℃にて撹拌、溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)137.6重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒として1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)0.1重量部を添加し、窒素気流下、120℃×3時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度30重量%の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーの組成と数平均分子量を表1に示す。
原料の組成を表1のように変更し、テトラカルボン酸二無水物を180°にて溶剤に溶解し、ジイソシアネート化合物との反応条件を180℃×3時間としたこと以外は合成例1-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表1に示す。なお、合成例1-2で得られたカルボキシル基含有熱硬化性ポリイミド(1-2)の1H-NMRスペクトルを図2に示す。
原料の組成を表1のように変更したこと以外は合成例1-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表1に示す。
TMEG :エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
PMDA :ピロメリット酸二無水物
BPDA :3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物
BTDA :3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
ODPA :4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)
MDI :4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
TDI :2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート
C-2090 :(株)クラレ製ポリカーボネートジオール(3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
T5650E :旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約500
T5651 :旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約1,000
OD-X-688 :DIC(株)製脂肪族ポリエステルジオール(アジピン酸/ネオペンチルグリコール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
Vylon220 :東洋紡績(株)製ポリエステルジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてOH基末端ポリブタジエン(G-3000:日本曹達(株)製、Mn=3000)50重量部を、溶剤としてのγ-ブチロラクトン23.5重量部に溶解し、50℃にて撹拌・溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)4.8重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート0.007重量部を添加し、5時間反応させた。ついで、室温まで冷却後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTDA)8.83g、触媒であるトリエチレンジアミン0.07g、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン74.09重量部を添加・撹拌し、130℃×6時間反応させた。さらに、2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)1.43重量部を添加・撹拌し、130℃×6時間反応させた後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度40重量%の樹脂(2-1)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表2に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてポリカーボネートジオール化合物(PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製、Mn=2000)1000重量部を、溶剤としてのγ-ブチロラクトン833.5重量部に溶解し、65℃にて撹拌・溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)250.3重量部を添加・撹拌し、140℃×5時間反応させた。ついで、カルボン酸無水物としてトリメリット酸無水物288.2重量部、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)125.1重量部、及び溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1361重量部を添加・撹拌し、160℃×6時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度54重量%の樹脂(2-2)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表2に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてエチレングリコール1.86重量部、ジアミン化合物としてシリコンジアミン(KF-8010:信越シリコーン(株)製、Mn=830)49.8重量部、及びテトラカルボン酸二無水物としてエチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)41.0重量部を加え、180℃まで昇温し、窒素気流下、1.5時間反応させた。ついで、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン139.0重量部を添加して溶解し、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度40重量%の樹脂(2-3)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表2に示す。
G-3000 :日本曹達(株)製OH基末端ポリブタジエン、数平均分子量約3,000
PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
KF-8010 :信越シリコーン(株)製シリコンジアミン、数平均分子量約830
TDI :2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート
MDI :4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
BTDA :3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
TMEG :エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
TMA :トリメリット酸無水物
合成例1で得られたカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド(1-1)の樹脂分100重量部に対して、HP-7200(DIC(株)製ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂の商品名)39重量部を加え、γ-ブチロラクトンで希釈した。さらに硬化促進剤としてUCAT-5002(サンアプロ(株)製)を1.4重量部を加え、ペイントシェーカーを用いて十分撹拌することで本発明のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドからなる配合物を得た。得られた配合物を乾燥後の厚さ20μmになるように、厚さ18μmの電解銅箔の光沢面、およびポリイミドフィルム((株)カネカ製、アピカル)に塗布した。80℃×10分熱風乾燥した後、空気雰囲気下、120℃で60分加熱して硬化膜を形成した積層体を得た。得られた配合物の組成と塗膜物性を表3に示す。
表3記載の組成に変更する以外は実施例1と同様にして配合物を作製し、硬化膜を形成した積層体を得た。得られた配合物の組成と塗膜物性を表3に示す。
HP-7200 :DIC(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
エピコート828 :ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
BPA-328 :日本触媒(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
XD-1000-L:日本化薬(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
EXA-4816 :DIC(株)製、脂肪族変性エポキシ樹脂
jER-152 :ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂
UCAT-5002:サンアプロ(株)製硬化促進剤、DBU系テトラフェニルボレート塩
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として、エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)389.8重量部と、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1230.6重量部を加え、120℃にて撹拌、溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)137.6重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒として1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)0.1重量部を添加し、窒素気流下、120℃×3時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度30重量%の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーの組成と数平均分子量を表4に示す。
原料の組成を表4のように変更し、テトラカルボン酸二無水物を180°にて溶剤に溶解し、ジイソシアネート化合物との反応条件を180℃×3時間としたこと以外は合成例1′-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表4に示す。なお、合成例1′-2で得られたカルボキシル基含有熱硬化性ポリイミド(1′-2)の1H-NMRスペクトルを図2に示す。
原料の組成を表4のように変更したこと以外は合成例1′-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表4に示す。
TMEG :エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
BPDA :3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物
PMDA :ピロメリット酸二無水物
BTDA :3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
ODPA :4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)
MDI :4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
TDI :2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート
C-2090 :(株)クラレ製ポリカーボネートジオール(3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
T5650E :旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約500
T5651 :旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約1,000
OD-X-688 :DIC(株)製脂肪族ポリエステルジオール(アジピン酸/ネオペンチルグリコール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
Vylon220 :東洋紡績(株)製ポリエステルジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてエチレングリコール1.86重量部、ジアミン化合物としてシリコンジアミン(KF-8010:信越シリコーン(株)製、Mn=830)49.8重量部、及びテトラカルボン酸二無水物としてエチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)41.0重量部を加え、180℃まで昇温し、窒素気流下、1.5時間反応させた。ついで、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン139.0重量部を添加して溶解し、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度40重量%の樹脂(2′-1)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表5に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコにおいて、ポリカーボネートポリオール化合物としてポリカーボネートジオール(クラレポリオール C-2050:(株)クラレ製、Mw=2000)553重量部、カルボキシル基含有ジヒドロキシ化合物として2,2-ジメチロールブタン酸(DMBA)62.2重量部を、溶剤としてのγ-ブチロラクトン787重量部に溶解し、90℃にて撹拌・溶解した。反応液の温度を70℃まで下げ、そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)172重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート0.2重量部を添加し、100℃×4時間反応を行い、ほぼイソシアネートが消失したことを確認した。その後、γ-ブチロラクトン175重量部を加えて希釈し、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度45重量%のカルボキシル基含有樹脂(2′-2)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表5に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてポリカーボネートジオール化合物(PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製、Mn=2000)1000重量部を、溶剤としてのγ-ブチロラクトン833.5重量部に溶解し、65℃にて撹拌・溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)250.3重量部を添加・撹拌し、140℃×5時間反応させた。ついで、カルボン酸無水物としてトリメリット酸無水物288.2重量部、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)125.1重量部、及び溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1361重量部を添加・撹拌し、160℃×6時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度54重量%の樹脂(2′-3)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表5に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてポリカーボネートジオール化合物(C-2090:(株)クラレ製、Mn=2000)270重量部、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)51部を、溶剤としてのトルエン220重量部に仕込み、窒素気流下、撹拌しながら60℃まで昇温し、均一に溶解させた。ここに触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート0.16重量部を添加し、100℃×3時間反応を行い、ウレタン化を行った。次に、シクロヘキサノン380部、ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)29部を添加し、90℃で1時間撹拌後、ジメチルベンジルアミン3.5部を添加して135℃に昇温し、4時間反応させた。その後120℃に降温してEX-731(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製)3.5部を添加し、120℃のまま6時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、シクロヘキサノンで固形分が35%になるよう調整し、樹脂(2′-4)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表5に示す。
C-2050 :(株)クラレ製OH基末端ポリカーボネートジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
DMBA :2,2-ジメチロールブタン酸
PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
C-2090 :(株)クラレ製OH基末端ポリカーボネートジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
KF-8010 :信越シリコーン(株)製シリコンジアミン、数平均分子量約830
MDI :4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
IPDI :イソホロンジイソシアネート
TMEG :エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
TMA :トリメリット酸無水物
PMDA :ピロメリット酸二無水物
EX-731 :ナガセケムテックス(株)製グリシジル化合物
合成例1′-1で得られたカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド(1′-1)の樹脂分100重量部に対して、オキシラン環を含有する化合物としてエピクロンHP-7200(DIC(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂の商品名)39重量部を加え、γ-ブチロラクトンで希釈した。さらに、リン原子を含有する有機フィラーとして難燃剤であるエクソリットOP-935(クラリアントジャパン(株)製、トリスジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムの商品名)を35重量部、硬化促進剤としてUCAT-5002(サンアプロ(株)製)を1.4重量部、消泡剤としてBYK-054(ビックケミー(株)製)を3.1重量部、レベリング剤としてBYK-358(ビックケミー(株)製)を3.2重量部、無機あるいはリン原子を含有しない有機フィラーとしてアエロジェル300(日本アエロジル(株)製、親水性シリカ微粒子)を4.7重量部加え、まず粗混練りし、次いで高速3本ロールを用いて3回混練りを繰り返すことで、均一にフィラーが分散しチキソトロピー性を有する、熱硬化性樹脂組成物からなるレジストインキを得た。γ-ブチロラクトンで粘度を調整したところ、溶液粘度が250ポイズ、揺変度は2.7であった。厚さ18μmの電解銅箔の光沢面、または厚さ25μmのポリイミドフィルム(カネカ製、アピカルNPI)、または2層CCL(東洋紡製、商品名:バイロフレックス)上に線間50μmの櫛型パターンを作成した回路に、得られたレジストインキを乾燥後の厚さ15μmになるよう塗布した。80℃で10分熱風乾燥した後、空気雰囲気下、120℃で60分加熱して積層フィルムを得た。得られたレジストインキの配合と塗膜物性を表6に示す。
表6に記載の組成に変更する以外は実施例1′と同様にして実施例2′~9′、比較例1′~4′のレジストインキを得た。得られたレジストインキの配合と塗膜物性を表6に示す。
HP-7200 :DIC(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
エピコート828 :ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
XD-1000-L:日本化薬(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
BPA-328 :日本触媒(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
EXA-4816 :DIC(株)製、脂肪族変性エポキシ樹脂
jER-152 :ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂
OP-935 :クラリアントジャパン(株)製、トリスジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム
OP-930 :クラリアントジャパン(株)製、トリスジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム
HCA-HQ :(株)三光製、10-(2,5―ジヒドロオキシフェニル)-10H-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン=10-オキシド
PHOSMEL-200:日産化学工業(株)製、ポリリン酸メラミン・メラム・メレム
UCAT-5002:サンアプロ(株)製、硬化促進剤、DBU系テトラフェニルボレート塩
BYK-054 :ビックケミー(株)製、消泡剤
BYK-354 :ビックケミー(株)製、レベリング剤
アエロジェル300:日本アエロジル(株)製、親水性シリカ微粒子
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として、エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)389.8重量部と、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1230.6重量部を加え、120℃にて撹拌、溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)137.6重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒として1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)0.1重量部を添加し、窒素気流下、120℃×3時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度30重量%の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーの組成と数平均分子量を表7に示す。
原料の組成を表7のように変更し、テトラカルボン酸二無水物を180°にて溶剤に溶解し、ジイソシアネート化合物との反応条件を180℃×3時間としたこと以外は合成例1-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表7に示す。なお、合成例1′′-2で得られたカルボキシル基含有熱硬化性ポリイミド(1′′-2)の1H-NMRスペクトルを図2に示す。
原料の組成を表7のように変更したこと以外は合成例1′′-1と同様にして、種々のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを得た。これらの樹脂の組成と物性を表7に示す。
TMEG:エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
BPDA:3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物
PMDA:ピロメリット酸二無水物
BTDA:3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
ODPA:4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)
MDI:4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
TDI:2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート
C-2090:(株)クラレ製ポリカーボネートジオール(3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
T5650E:旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約500
T5651:旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール(1,5-ペンタンジオール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約1,000
OD-X-688:DIC(株)製脂肪族ポリエステルジオール(アジピン酸/ネオペンチルグリコール/1,6-ヘキサンジオール)、数平均分子量約2,000
Vylon220:東洋紡績(株)製ポリエステルジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてOH基末端ポリブタジエン(G-3000:日本曹達(株)製、Mn=3000)50重量部を、溶媒としてのγ-ブチロラクトン23.5重量部に溶解し、50℃にて撹拌・溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)4.8重量部を添加・撹拌し、ここに触媒としてジブチルスズジラウレート0.007重量部を添加し、5時間反応させた。ついで、室温まで冷却後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物として3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTDA)8.83g、触媒としてトリエチレンジアミン0.07g、溶媒としてγ-ブチロラクトン74.09重量部を添加・撹拌し、130℃×6時間反応させた。さらに、2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート(TDI)1.43重量部を添加・撹拌し、130℃×6時間反応させた後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度40重量%の樹脂(2′′-1)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表8に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてポリカーボネートジオール化合物(PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製、Mn=2000)1000重量部を、溶剤としてのγ-ブチロラクトン833.5重量部に溶解し、65℃にて撹拌・溶解した。そこへ、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)250.3重量部を添加・撹拌し、140℃×5時間反応させた。ついで、カルボン酸無水物としてトリメリット酸無水物288.2重量部、ジイソシアネート化合物として4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)125.1重量部、及び溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン1361重量部を添加・撹拌し、160℃×6時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度54重量%の樹脂(2′′-2)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表8に示す。
撹拌器及び温度計を装備した四つ口フラスコに、ポリオール化合物としてエチレングリコール1.86重量部、ジアミン化合物としてシリコンジアミン(KF-8010:信越シリコーン(株)製、Mn=830)49.8重量部、及びテトラカルボン酸二無水物としてエチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)41.0重量部を加え、180℃まで昇温し、窒素気流下、1.5時間反応させた。ついで、溶剤としてγ-ブチロラクトン139.0重量部を添加して溶解し、室温まで冷却することで固形分濃度40重量%の樹脂(2′′-3)を得た。得られた樹脂の組成と物性を表8に示す。
G-3000:日本曹達(株)製OH基末端ポリブタジエン、数平均分子量約3,000
PLACCEL CD-220:ダイセル化学(株)製ポリカーボネートジオール、数平均分子量約2,000
KF-8010:信越シリコーン(株)製シリコンジアミン、数平均分子量約830
TDI:2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート
MDI:4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート
BTDA:3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
TMEG:エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)
TMA:トリメリット酸無水物
合成例1′′-1で得られたカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド(1′′-1)の樹脂分100重量部に対して、HP-7200(DIC(株)製ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂の商品名)39重量部を加え、γ-ブチロラクトンで希釈した。さらに硬化促進剤としてUCAT-5002(サンアプロ(株)製)を1.4重量部加え、ペイントシェーカーを用いて十分撹拌することで本発明のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドからなる配合物を得た。得られた配合物を、乾燥後の厚さが20μmになるように、厚さ18μmの電解銅箔の光沢面に塗布した。80℃×10分熱風乾燥した後、空気雰囲気下、120℃で60分加熱してフレキシブル金属張積層体を得た。配合物の組成、及び得られた積層体の評価結果を表9に示す。
表9に記載のように配合成分を変更する以外は実施例1′′と同様にして実施例2′′~9′′、比較例1′′~3′′の積層体を得た。配合物の組成、及び得られた積層体の評価結果を表9に示す。
HP-7200:DIC(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
エピコート828:ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
XD-1000-L:日本化薬(株)製、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂
BPA-328:日本触媒(株)製、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂
EXA-4816:DIC(株)製、脂肪族変性エポキシ樹脂
jER-152:ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂
UCAT-5002:サンアプロ(株)製硬化促進剤、DBU系テトラフェニルボレート塩
また、本発明の熱硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化性に優れ、良好な難燃性、半田耐熱性、耐熱劣化性、屈曲性などを有する熱硬化性層を製造でき、特に高温で長時間使用されるような耐久性が要求されるプリント回路基板のレジスト層として好適に使用できる。
さらに、本発明のフレキシブル金属張積層体は、上記特性を高度に満足するので、電子部品、自動車部品や電化製品等に使用されるフレキシブルプリント基板等に好適に使用することができる。
Claims (19)
- テトラカルボン酸二無水物中の酸無水物基とジイソシアネート化合物中のイソシアネート基を反応させて得られることを特徴とする末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
- 数平均分子量が500以上5000以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
- テトラカルボン酸二無水物が、エチレングリコールビス(トリメリット酸無水物)(TMEG)、3,3’,4,4’-ジフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BPDA)、ピロメリット酸二無水物(PMDA)、3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(BTDA)、及び4,4’-オキシジフタル酸二無水物(ODPA)からなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
- ジイソシアネート化合物が、芳香族ジイソシアネート、脂肪族ジイソシアネート、及び脂環族ジイソシアネートからなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
- 以下の一般式[I]で表わされることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマー。
(一般式[I]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。nは1~30の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[I]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の末端酸無水物基含有イミドプレポリマーが、ポリオール化合物を介して鎖延長された構造を有することを特徴とするカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
- 数平均分子量が3000以上100000以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
- 酸価が250~2500当量/106gであることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
- ポリオール化合物がポリカーボネートポリオール化合物又はポリエステルポリオール化合物であることを特徴とする請求項6~8のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
- 以下の一般式[IV]又は[V]によって表わされることを特徴とする請求項6~9のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド。
(一般式[IV]及び[V]中、R1は、以下の一般式[II]で表される酸二無水物化合物のカルボキシル基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、脂肪族基、または複素環を有する基である。R2は、以下の一般式[III]で表されるジイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基を除いた有機基であり、置換基を含んでいてもよい炭素数1~30の芳香族基、脂環族基、または脂肪族基である。R3は、炭素数1~20のアルキレン基、またはエステル結合、カーボネート結合、及びエーテル結合より選ばれる少なくとも1つの結合を有するジオール化合物のヒドロキシル基を除いた残基である。n及びmはそれぞれ独立の整数であり、nは1~30の整数、mは1~200の整数である。ただし、一般式[II]及び[III]中のR1及びR2は、一般式[IV]及び[V]中のR1及びR2と同義である。)
- プリント回路基板のレジスト層として使用する熱硬化性樹脂組成物であって、請求項6~10のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミド、及びオキシラン環を含有する化合物を含むことを特徴とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- オキシラン環を含有する化合物の使用量が、カルボキシル基含有ポリイミド100重量部に対して2~100重量部であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- リン原子を含有する有機フィラーをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと、オキシラン環を含有する化合物と、リン原子を含有する有機フィラーの重量比率が、30~95/1~50/2~55であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- カルボキシル基含有ポリイミドと、オキシラン環を含有する化合物と、リン原子を含有する有機フィラーの合計重量が、熱硬化性樹脂組成物中の20重量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項13または14に記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 硬化促進剤をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項11~15のいずれかに記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 少なくとも金属箔層および樹脂層を有するフレキシブル金属張積層体であって、前記樹脂層が、請求項6~10のいずれかに記載のカルボキシル基含有ポリイミドを熱硬化して得られたものであることを特徴とするフレキシブル金属張積層体。
- 請求項17に記載のフレキシブル金属張積層体を用いて回路加工されたことを特徴とするフレキシブルプリント基板。
- 請求項18に記載のフレキシブルプリント基板を用いてなることを特徴とする電子機器。
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EP12793349.7A EP2716674B1 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-05-30 | Carboxyl group-containing polyimide, heat-curable resin composition, and flexible metal-clad laminate |
KR1020137022991A KR101800061B1 (ko) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-05-30 | 카르복실기 함유 폴리이미드, 열경화성 수지 조성물 및 플렉시블 금속 클래드 적층체 |
US13/979,750 US9365717B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-05-30 | Carboxyl group-containing polyimide, thermosetting resin composition and flexible metal-clad laminate |
CN201280012563.1A CN103443158B (zh) | 2011-05-31 | 2012-05-30 | 含羧基聚酰亚胺、热固性树脂组合物及柔性覆金属层叠体 |
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TWI488887B (zh) * | 2013-02-08 | 2015-06-21 | 長興材料工業股份有限公司 | 聚醯亞胺,由此形成之塗料組合物及其用途 |
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US9365717B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
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JPWO2012165457A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
EP2716674A1 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
US20130310486A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
JP5224204B1 (ja) | 2013-07-03 |
EP2716674A4 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
KR101800061B1 (ko) | 2017-11-21 |
JP5224205B1 (ja) | 2013-07-03 |
KR20140015351A (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
JP5304954B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
EP2716674B1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
CN103443158B (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
CN103443158A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
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