WO2011074109A1 - 画像形成装置及びプロセスカートリッジ - Google Patents
画像形成装置及びプロセスカートリッジ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011074109A1 WO2011074109A1 PCT/JP2009/071106 JP2009071106W WO2011074109A1 WO 2011074109 A1 WO2011074109 A1 WO 2011074109A1 JP 2009071106 W JP2009071106 W JP 2009071106W WO 2011074109 A1 WO2011074109 A1 WO 2011074109A1
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- forming apparatus
- image forming
- frame
- force
- gear
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/16—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements
- G03G21/18—Mechanical means for facilitating the maintenance of the apparatus, e.g. modular arrangements using a processing cartridge, whereby the process cartridge comprises at least two image processing means in a single unit
- G03G21/1803—Arrangements or disposition of the complete process cartridge or parts thereof
- G03G21/1817—Arrangements or disposition of the complete process cartridge or parts thereof having a submodular arrangement
- G03G21/1821—Arrangements or disposition of the complete process cartridge or parts thereof having a submodular arrangement means for connecting the different parts of the process cartridge, e.g. attachment, positioning of parts with each other, pressure/distance regulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge.
- the process cartridge which can be attached to and detached from the image forming apparatus includes a drum unit and a developing unit.
- the drum unit includes a photosensitive drum on which an electrostatic latent image is formed, a charging roller, and a cleaning device.
- the developing unit includes a developing roller and a toner storage unit.
- a developing roller having a developer layer formed on the surface is brought into contact with a photosensitive drum on which an electrostatic latent image is formed. Then, by applying an electric field between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller, the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum is made into a real image by the developer.
- the drum unit and the developing unit are rotatably coupled by a coupling portion and are pressed by a spring.
- a drive gear having the coupling portion as the center of rotation is supported, and the driving force from the drive motor is transmitted to the developing unit.
- Patent Document 2 there is also proposed a configuration in which the developing unit is movably coupled to the drum unit so that the developing unit can be moved in a substantially horizontal direction with the process cartridge mounted on the image forming apparatus.
- the contact pressure is determined by the biasing force by the spring and the driving force by the driving gear. Since the driving force changes due to fluctuations in the internal load of the developing unit, such as fluctuations in developer stirring load in the developing unit and frictional force fluctuations in the rubbing portion, the contact pressure may also vary accordingly.
- the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller is kept constant without being affected by the weight of the developing unit.
- the positional accuracy of the drive input unit of the developing unit is not good. Therefore, the transmission of the driving force may be uneven due to an error in meshing with the driving gear of the apparatus main body, which may affect the image.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus or a process cartridge that can control the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller with high accuracy without causing an engagement error of the drive gear, and can improve image quality. It is to provide.
- a typical invention for achieving the above object is as follows: In a process cartridge detachable from the image forming apparatus main body, An image carrier; A first frame that rotatably supports the image carrier; A developer carrier for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image carrier in contact with the image carrier; A second frame for rotatably supporting the developer carrier; A link member that is rotatably coupled to the first frame body by a first coupling portion and is rotatably coupled to the second frame body and a second coupling portion, the first frame body and the second frame body.
- a link member movably coupled in a two-bar link configuration;
- a biasing member that biases the first frame and the second frame so that the image carrier and the developer carrier are in contact with each other;
- a first gear that is rotatably provided in the first coupling portion and that receives a driving force from a driving source provided in the apparatus main body;
- a second gear rotatably provided in the second coupling portion, the second gear for transmitting the driving force from the first gear to the developer carrier; It is a process cartridge characterized by having.
- an image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium, An image carrier; Process means acting on the image carrier; A first frame that rotatably supports either the image carrier or the process means; A second frame for rotatably supporting the other of the image carrier or the process means; A link member that is rotatably coupled to the first frame body by a first coupling portion, and is rotatably coupled to the second frame body and a second coupling portion, the first frame body and the second frame body.
- An image forming apparatus comprising:
- the present invention it is possible to improve the image quality by suppressing the fluctuation of the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a process cartridge according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus to which the configuration of the light emitting surface is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a developing unit of the present invention.
- the schematic sectional drawing which shows the effect
- the graph which compares the contact pressure of Example 1 and a comparative example. Schematic explaining the attitude maintenance of the developing unit.
- the graph which shows the relationship between developing roller rubber hardness and an allowable outer diameter difference.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the vicinity of a developing unit of a one-component non-contact developing system.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship between a drum unit and a developing unit when driving force increases. Schematic in case an idler gear is rotationally supported by a link member.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the developing unit and the image forming apparatus main body are coupled by a link member. Schematic sectional view when the drum unit and the image forming apparatus main body are coupled by a link member Schematic sectional view when the transfer belt unit and the image forming apparatus main body are coupled by a link member
- Example 1 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be exemplarily described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, and relative arrangements of the components described in this embodiment should be appropriately changed according to the configuration of the apparatus to which the invention is applied and various conditions. It is not intended to limit the scope to the following embodiments.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the image forming apparatus of the present embodiment.
- the image forming apparatus shown here is a full-color laser printer using an electrophotographic process, and includes an image forming apparatus main body A and a process cartridge B that can be attached to and detached from the main body.
- a drum unit C as a first frame and a developing unit D as a second frame are integrally formed.
- Process cartridge B (By, Bm, Bc, Bk) is provided for each color of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. These are arranged in parallel, and a full color image is formed by transferring the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum (image carrier) 1 by each color process cartridge onto the intermediate transfer belt 20 of the transfer device. Is done. Thereafter, an image is formed through a transfer process to a recording material and a fixing process.
- non-magnetic one-component toner having an average particle diameter of 6.0 ⁇ m is used for each color. Details of the process cartridge B will be described later.
- the toner images formed on the photosensitive drums 1 by the process cartridges of the respective colors are transferred to primary transfer rollers 22y, 22m, 22c, which are provided at positions facing the photosensitive drums 1 of the respective colors with the intermediate transfer belt 20 interposed therebetween.
- the image is transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 20 by 22k.
- the toner images transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 20 are collectively transferred onto a recording medium by a secondary transfer roller 23 provided on the downstream side in the moving direction of the intermediate transfer belt 20.
- the untransferred toner on the intermediate transfer belt 20 is collected by the intermediate transfer belt cleaner 21.
- the recording material P is stacked in a cassette 24 below the image forming apparatus main body A, and is conveyed by a feeding roller 25 together with a request for an image forming operation, and is transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt 20 at a transfer position by a secondary transfer roller 23.
- the toner image formed on is transferred.
- the toner image on the recording material is heated and fixed on the recording material by the fixing unit 26 and is discharged to the outside of the image forming apparatus main body A through the discharge unit 27.
- the upper unit that stores the process cartridges of the four colors and the lower unit that stores the transfer unit, the recording material, and the like are separable. As a result, when a jam such as a jam of a recording material occurs or when a process cartridge is replaced, the upper and lower units are separated, so that jam processing and cartridge replacement can be easily performed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of one process cartridge B among four process cartridges By, Bm, Bc, and Bk arranged in parallel in one direction.
- the four process cartridges By, Bm, Bc, and Bk have essentially the same configuration except that different toners are used.
- An organic photoreceptor in which an outer peripheral surface of an aluminum cylinder is coated with an undercoat layer, a carrier generation layer, and a carrier transfer layer, which are functional films, in this order on an outer peripheral surface of an aluminum cylinder.
- a drum is used. In the image forming process, the photosensitive drum 1 is driven in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 1 at a predetermined speed.
- the charging roller 2 as a charging device is driven to rotate in the direction of arrow b in FIG. 1 when the roller portion of the conductive rubber is brought into pressure contact with the photosensitive drum 1.
- a DC voltage of ⁇ 1100 V is applied to the core of the charging roller 2 with respect to the photosensitive drum 1, and the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 is caused by the electric charge induced thereby.
- a uniform dark potential (Vd) of ⁇ 550V is formed.
- a spot pattern of laser light emitted by the scanner unit 10 corresponding to the image data on the uniform surface charge distribution surface exposes the photosensitive drum 1 as indicated by an arrow L in FIG. .
- the exposed portion of the photosensitive drum 1 loses its surface charge due to carriers from the carrier generation layer, and the potential decreases.
- the electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 is formed on the developing roller (process means) 3 as a rotatable developer carrying member with a predetermined coating amount and a charge amount. Is developed.
- the configuration of the developing unit D will be described later.
- the developing roller 3 rotates in the forward direction (direction of arrow c in FIG. 1) with respect to the rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 1 while being in contact with the photosensitive drum 1.
- a DC bias ⁇ 350 V is applied to the developing roller 3 during the image forming process. Then, the toner negatively charged by frictional charging on the developing roller 3 is developed only in the bright portion potential portion by the potential difference in the developing portion in contact with the photosensitive drum 1.
- the formed electrostatic latent image is converted into a real image.
- the intermediate transfer belt 20 that contacts the photosensitive drum 1 of each process cartridge B is in pressure contact with the photosensitive drum 1 by primary transfer rollers 22y, 22m, 22c, and 22k facing the photosensitive drum 1. Further, a DC voltage is applied to the primary transfer rollers 22 y, 22 m, 22 c, and 22 k, and an electric field is formed between the photosensitive drum 1.
- the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred from the photosensitive drum 1 to the intermediate transfer belt 20 under the force of the electric field in the pressure contact area.
- the untransferred toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 1 without being transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 20 is scraped off from the drum surface by the urethane rubber cleaning blade 6 installed in the drum unit C, and the drum unit C (cleaning) (Container).
- FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the developing unit D.
- the developing unit D includes a developing roller 3 as a developer carrying member, a supply roller 5 as a developer supply member, a regulating member 4, toner t, and a developing container for storing them.
- the developing roller 3 is in contact with the photosensitive drum 1 to develop the electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive drum 1, and the supply roller 5 is in contact with the developing roller 3 to supply the toner t. Is.
- the regulating member 4 is configured such that a sheet-like elastic member is supported by a supporting member and comes into contact with the surface of the developing roller 3, and a developer layer that regulates the layer thickness of the toner carried on the developing roller 3. It corresponds to a thickness regulating member.
- the developing roller 3 is a ⁇ 12 mm elastic roller in which a conductive elastic layer 3 mm is formed on a core metal having an outer diameter ⁇ 6 mm, and the volume resistance value of the elastic layer is adjusted to 10 6 ⁇ cm.
- the elastic roller surface layer may be provided with a coat layer having a function of imparting charge to the toner. Further, the surface roughness Rz was set to 6 ⁇ m in order to obtain a predetermined toner coat amount.
- the supply roller 5 is an elastic sponge roller having an outer diameter of ⁇ 16 mm in which an elastic layer of insulating urethane sponge rubber having a volume resistance value of 10 14 ⁇ cm is formed on a core bar having an outer diameter of ⁇ 5 mm.
- the developing roller 3 rotates in the forward direction (the direction indicated by the arrow c in FIG. 3) with respect to the rotation direction of the photosensitive drum 1 while being in contact with the photosensitive drum 1. Further, the supply roller 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the developing roller 3 (the direction indicated by the arrow d in FIG. 3) while being in contact with the developing roller 3.
- the supply roller 5 has a function of attaching the toner t, which is a non-magnetic one-component toner in the developing container, transporting the toner t to a contact portion with the developing roller 3 and supplying the toner t to the developing roller 3.
- the supply roller 5 has a function of peeling off the toner remaining on the developing roller 3 without being developed at the developing unit from the developing roller 3 and collecting it in the developing container.
- the non-magnetic one-component toner supplied from the supply roller 5 onto the developing roller 3 passes through the contact surface between the developing roller 3 and the regulating member 4, it is charged by frictional charging, and the coating layer thickness is regulated.
- a toner coat layer having a predetermined charge amount and a coat layer thickness is formed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a process cartridge B in the present embodiment, and the characteristic configuration and operation will be described below.
- the drum unit C and the developing unit D are connected via a link member 51.
- the drum unit C is rotatably supported by the first coupling portion 51a
- the developing unit D is rotatably supported by the link member 51 by the second coupling portion 51b.
- a drive input gear 52 and a development drive gear 53 are supported in a gear pair.
- the link input 51 keeps the drive input gear 52, which is the first gear
- the development drive gear 53 which is the second gear
- the driving force is transmitted to the drive input gear 52 by a drive motor 71 which is a drive source supported by the image forming apparatus main body A, and rotates the drive input gear 52 in the direction of arrow f. Then, the development drive gear 53 that meshes with the drive input gear 52 is rotated in the direction of the arrow g, and the drive force is transmitted into the development unit D.
- the transmitted driving force is transmitted to the developing roller driving gear 57 supported coaxially with the developing roller 3 by the idler gears 55 and 56 to drive the developing roller 3 in a predetermined direction.
- the link member 51 is provided on one end side of the drum unit C and the developing unit D in the longitudinal direction of the photosensitive drum 1. However, a link member (not shown) having the same configuration is provided on the other end side of the drum unit C and the developing unit D, but no gear is provided.
- the drum unit C and the developing unit D are stretched over a tension spring 41 that is a biasing member so that a load acts in a direction in which the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 are brought closer to each other.
- the load and the extending direction at this time are determined so as to stabilize the posture of the developing unit D.
- the deflection accuracy of the outer diameter is ⁇ 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the deflection accuracy of the outer diameter is ⁇ 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the developing unit is rotated in the same direction (arrow g direction) as the developing drive gear 53 by using the driving force from the driving motor as shown in FIG. This is due to the friction of each roller generated in the developing unit D and a load such as toner agitation, and is a characteristic generated in the configuration in which the developing unit D is rotatably supported with respect to the drum unit C.
- the rotation amount of the developing unit D also fluctuates, which affects the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 at the contact portion between the drum unit C and the developing unit D. give.
- Driving force fluctuations occur as the usage period progresses. This is due to fluctuations in internal load such as fluctuations in the frictional force at each part of the roller and fluctuations in the toner agitation load due to toner consumption. Since the drive motor of the image forming apparatus main body is designed to keep the rotation speed of the developing roller 3 and the supply roller 5 constant, the drive force increases as the internal load increases, and the drive force decreases as the internal load decreases. For this reason, in a configuration that does not use the link configuration, the fluctuation in the driving force is directly changed in the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller.
- the developing unit D has not only the rotational movement around the second coupling portion 51b but also the first coupling portion 51a. Rotation motion around the center is also added. That is, the drum unit C and the developing unit D are configured to be movable in a so-called two-bar link configuration.
- the developing unit D tries to rotate more strongly in the arrow g direction and also in the arrow f direction. At this time, the force in each direction acts so as to partially cancel out, so that the variation in the distance between the axes of the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 is suppressed, and the variation in the contact pressure can be suppressed.
- FIG. 9A shows a configuration in which the drum unit C and the developing unit D are coupled only by the coupling portion 151 as a comparative example. . Since the developing unit D rotates around the coupling portion 151, the contact pressure corresponding to the penetration amount u increases at the contact portion between the photosensitive drum 101 and the developing roller 103.
- the first embodiment as shown in FIG.
- the developing unit D rotates around the second coupling portion 51b and the link member 51 develops around the first coupling portion 51a. It rotates in the opposite direction to the unit. Therefore, the variation in the distance between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 is suppressed. For this reason, the fluctuation
- the idler gear 54 is rotatably supported on the link member 51 by a gear rotation support portion 51c.
- the force due to the meshing of the drive input gear 52 and the idler gear 54 acts so as to partially cancel the contact pressure fluctuation between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller, so that the fluctuation of the contact pressure can be suppressed.
- a load F shown in FIG. 4A is a load acting on the developing drive gear 53 due to the engagement between the drive input gear 52 and the developing drive gear 53.
- the moment Ma is the moment of the force around the first coupling portion 51 a that acts on the link member 51 due to the load F
- the moment Mb is the force around the second coupling portion 51 b that acts on the development drive gear 53 due to the load F.
- the load Fa caused by the moment Ma and the load Fb caused by the moment Mb act on the contact portion 9 between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3.
- the load Fa1 and the load Fb1 which are components perpendicular to the contact portion 9 of the load Fa and the load Fb, act as the contact pressure.
- a load Fs shown in FIG. 4B is a load acting on the developing unit D by the tension spring 41. At this time, the load Fsd acts on the contact portion between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 due to the moment around the second coupling portion 51b due to the load Fs.
- the load Fsd1 which is a component perpendicular to the contact portion 9 of the load Fsd, acts as the contact pressure.
- FIG. 4C shows the load acting on the contact portion between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 as a component perpendicular to the contact surface.
- the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 is determined by the sum of the loads Fa1, Fb1, and Fsd1.
- the load F increases.
- the moments Ma and Mb increase as the load F increases.
- the increments of the load Fa1 and the load Fb1 at the contact portion due to the moment increase are partially offset from each other, and an increase in the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 is suppressed.
- FIG. 9A shows the result of comparison with FIG.
- the horizontal axis indicates the increase in the driving force, and the 0% increment is a state where there is no fluctuation in the driving force.
- the vertical axis represents the contact pressure as a linear pressure.
- the link configuration has a higher degree of freedom in position, and therefore, in order to maintain the posture stably, it is necessary to appropriately set the pressing direction of the urging spring. If this setting is not correct, problems such as interference between the drum unit and the developing unit may occur.
- the pressurization setting of the urging spring will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the load described below is described on the assumption that the load is on a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis of the photosensitive drum 1. However, the essence of the biasing spring pressure setting is not lost.
- the load that affects the posture of the developing unit is the load FL generated between the developing unit and the link member 51, the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 3 Fd, which is the contact load, and the load Fs generated by the urging spring 41.
- the load FL is generated on a straight line L1 connecting the first connecting portion 51a and the second connecting portion 51b
- the load Fd is generated on a straight line L2 connecting the rotation center of the photosensitive drum 1 and the rotation center of the developing roller 3.
- the resultant force FLd of the load FL and the load Fd exists on the straight line L3 passing through the intersection point p of the straight lines L1 and L2.
- the posture of the developing unit is most stable when the load Fs is an inverse vector on the straight line L3 with respect to the resultant force FLd.
- the load Fs is an inverse vector on the straight line L3 with respect to the resultant force FLd.
- the stability of the developing unit can be maintained. The conditions for this are as follows. Since it is necessary to always generate a tensile load on the link member 51, the load Fs needs to have a component parallel to the load FL in a direction opposite to the load FL.
- the load Fs needs to have a component parallel to the load Fd in the direction opposite to the load Fd.
- the condition of the load Fs that satisfies the above is as follows.
- a region S that includes the straight line L3 and does not have the resultant force FLd is defined by a straight line L11 orthogonal to the straight line L1 and a straight line L21 orthogonal to the straight line L2, and the starting point of the vector indicating the load Fs is taken as the intersection point p, That is, the end point of the vector indicating the load Fs exists inside the region S.
- the support point of the urging spring 41 may exist outside the region S as long as the above condition is satisfied.
- a tension spring is more effective as the biasing spring. This is because the tension spring determines the load direction only at two points that support the tension spring, so that the vector conditions shown above can be stably maintained.
- the melting of the toner is a problem relating to the melting point of the toner, and is a phenomenon that becomes remarkable with a threshold value. Therefore, the above phenomenon becomes remarkable even when the contact pressure and the melting of the toner surface are under a certain pressure condition. . For this reason, when considering the above problem, it is important to prevent the generation of a pressure portion of a certain level or more, not a total load between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller.
- the pressure distribution in the longitudinal direction becomes higher at both ends. For this reason, if the outer diameter of the central part is made thinner than both end parts, it is possible to make the pressure uniform in the longitudinal direction.
- the pressure applied to the photosensitive drum which is a problem in the present invention, for example, when the pressure is reduced, the pressure at the central portion is reduced, and the photosensitive drum and the developing roller cannot be in contact with each other, and development cannot be performed. The problem occurs.
- a printing durability test was performed under the same configuration as that of the comparative example under the condition that the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller did not change. If the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller exceeds 150 gf / cm regardless of the hardness of the developing roller at the time of outputting about 5,000 images, which is the end of the printing durability test, the developing roller On the upper side, the developer was fused, and an image defect occurred.
- the contact pressure distribution was measured using a tactile sensor (Nita Corporation) using a sheet type pressure distribution sensor.
- the contact pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller is within the range of 5 to 150 gf / cm in all the longitudinal portions. It can be said that it is necessary.
- the contact peak pressure in the longitudinal direction tends to increase as the rubber hardness increases.
- a developing roller having a hardness of 50 degrees and a runout accuracy of ⁇ 5 ⁇ m or less the contact pressure distribution between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller was measured. Then, the peak pressure was 60 gf / cm even when the total load of the photosensitive drum and the developing roller was 800 gf, but the peak pressure exceeded 150 gf / cm in the developing roller having a hardness of 70 degrees. This is because when the rubber hardness is high, the force cannot be relaxed by the elastic layer with respect to the pressure, and the force is transmitted directly to the core metal, so that the core metal bends and the pressure distribution in the longitudinal direction becomes large. .
- runout accuracy for example, when there is a difference in the outer diameter between the central portion and the end portion of the longitudinal portion, with a developing roller having high hardness, it is difficult to moderate pressure fluctuations due to shape deformation of the outer diameter with the elastic layer, If there is a shape difference, pressure unevenness in the longitudinal direction is likely to occur.
- the developing roller has a low hardness, but it is difficult to achieve both performance and cost with a developing roller using a low hardness rubber.
- general-purpose rubber such as EPDM rubber
- oil is generally contained in order to reduce the hardness, but problems due to oil precipitation tend to occur.
- the hardness of the rubber is reduced, the internal structure becomes weak, so that the restoring force against elastic deformation is likely to decrease. Therefore, when soft rubber having a hardness of about 50 degrees is used, there is a problem that expensive silicon rubber must be used in order to achieve compatibility with performances such as rubber elasticity and conductivity.
- the high-precision shape is effective in reducing the hardness of the rubber, leading to an increase in cost.
- it is effective to increase the diameter of the core of the developing roller.
- the cost is increased and the developing device is enlarged.
- the fluctuation in the pressure applied to the photosensitive drum and the developing roller not only shifts the contact peak pressure as it is, but also increases due to the bending of the developing roller, and easily generates a high pressure portion.
- the link configuration by using the link configuration, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the applied pressure between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller. For this reason, it is possible to suppress fluctuations due to the bending of the developing roller, and to suppress the generation of a high-pressure part and a low-pressure part at the contact part. As a result, a margin can be provided up to the upper and lower limit values of the contact pressure at which an image defect occurs, so that a high-hardness developing roller can be used. Further, it is effective in reducing the shake accuracy of the developing roller and reducing the size of the developing roller, and the image quality can be improved.
- the developing roller used in the simulation was changed in the conditions of rubber hardness and outer diameter, and the size of the pressure distribution unevenness when this developing roller was brought into contact with the photosensitive drum was examined. By comparing, a specific comparison was made between the rubber hardness and the outer diameter runout.
- the rubber hardness used in the simulation is 50 degrees, 63 degrees, 72 degrees, and 81 degrees, and the outer diameter shape is a so-called crown shape with a large outer diameter at the center of the longitudinal portion.
- the outer diameter difference was defined as the outer diameter deflection.
- the pressure applied to the photosensitive drum was changed, and the conditions under which the peak pressure was in the range of 5 to 150 gf / cm, which was the allowable upper and lower limit of the contact pressure described above, were examined.
- the result was as shown in FIG. This indicates that, for example, in the case of a developing roller having a hardness of 50 degrees, if the difference in outer diameter in the crown shape is 100 ⁇ m or less, there is a pressing force within which the peak pressure in the pressure distribution falls within the range of 5 to 150 gf / cm. .
- ⁇ 50 ⁇ m shape unevenness is within the allowable range of peak pressure unevenness in a developing roller having a hardness of 50 degrees
- ⁇ 20 ⁇ m shape unevenness is developed in a developing roller having a hardness of 70 degrees.
- the permissible level for pressure distribution unevenness is almost the same.
- the link configuration of the present embodiment the effect of increasing the material selectivity can be selected and obtained by relaxing the effect of reducing the shape accuracy and the constraint on the hardness.
- the image forming apparatus using the link mechanism which is a feature of the present invention, is not limited to the contact developing system exemplified in the embodiment, but also forms an image using a non-contact developing system using a one-component developer or a two-component developing system. It is also effective in the apparatus.
- Fig. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the non-contact development system.
- a developing sleeve 203 using a metal sleeve is brought close to the photosensitive drum 201.
- a cap-shaped abutting roller 207 having a uniform thickness is provided at both ends of the developing sleeve 203, and the developing roller 203 is pressed against the photosensitive drum 201 via the abutting roller 207, thereby developing.
- the gap in the region is kept constant.
- the abutting roller 207 and the photosensitive drum 201 are both rigid bodies. For this reason, if there is even a slight unevenness in the shape of these surfaces, a very high pressure portion is partially generated, and the developer may be fused on the surface of the photosensitive drum 201 or the abutting roller 207. In some cases, the stability of the gap in the development area may be hindered. When the developer is fused at the abutting portion of the abutting roller 207, the gap is increased by the height, and a horizontal streak is generated on the image that is thinner than the surrounding images.
- the link configuration according to the present invention has an effect of suppressing image defects and improving image quality even in an image forming apparatus using a one-component non-contact developing system or a two-component developing system.
- Example 3 [Application example other than process cartridge]
- the present invention is applied to a process cartridge having a mechanism for pressing a photosensitive drum and a developing roller.
- the present invention can also be applied to other mechanisms that pressurize the image carrier, which is two rotating bodies, and the process means acting on the image carrier in the image forming apparatus.
- FIG. 11 shows a developing unit D, which is a second frame that supports a developing roller 3 that is a process means, with a photosensitive drum 1 that is an image carrier supported by an image forming apparatus main body 100 that is a first frame.
- the link member 51 is coupled to the image forming apparatus main body 100. Even in this case, as in the present embodiment, the effect of suppressing fluctuations in the contact pressure is obtained, and stable contact is possible.
- the charging roller 2 as a process means is supported by the image forming apparatus main body 100 as the first frame.
- a drum unit C that is a second frame having a mechanism for driving the photosensitive drum 1 that is an image carrier by a drum driving gear 58 is coupled to the image forming apparatus main body A by a link member 51. is there. Even in this case, as in the present embodiment, the effect of suppressing fluctuations in the contact pressure is obtained, and stable contact is possible.
- FIG. 13 shows the transfer belt unit E, which is the second frame, coupled to the image forming apparatus main body A, which is the first frame, by the link member 51.
- the transfer belt 61 which is a process means, is tensioned with a constant tension by the transfer driving roller 62 and the tension roller 63, is driven by the transfer driving gear 59, and is supported by the image forming apparatus main body 100. Is in contact with the photosensitive drum 1. Even in this case, as in the present embodiment, the effect of suppressing fluctuations in the contact pressure is obtained, and stable contact is possible.
- the present invention provides a first frame that rotatably supports either the image carrier or the process means, and a second frame that rotatably supports the other of the image carrier or the process means. Can be widely applied to an image forming apparatus in which the two-link configuration is used.
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Abstract
Description
画像形成装置本体に着脱可能なプロセスカートリッジにおいて、
像担持体と、
前記像担持体を回転可能に支持する第1枠体と、
前記像担持体と当接して、前記像担持体に形成された静電潜像を現像する現像剤担持体と、
前記現像剤担持体を回転可能に支持する第2枠体と、
前記第1枠体と第1結合部で回転可能に結合し、前記第2枠体と第2結合部で回転可能に結合するリンク部材であって、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体とを2節リンク構成で移動可能に結合するリンク部材と、
前記像担持体と前記現像剤担持体とが当接するように、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体を付勢する付勢部材と、
前記第1結合部に回転可能に設けられた、前記装置本体に設けられた駆動源からの駆動力を受ける第1ギアと、
前記第2結合部に回転可能に設けられた第2ギアであって、前記第1ギアから前記駆動力を前記現像剤担持体に伝達するための第2ギアと、
を有することを特徴とするプロセスカートッリッジである。
記録媒体に画像を形成する画像形成装置において、
像担持体と、
前記像担持体に作用するプロセス手段と、
前記像担持体または前記プロセス手段のいずれか一方を回転可能に支持する第1枠体と、
前記像担持体または前記プロセス手段の他方を回転可能に支持する第2枠体と、
前記第1枠体と第1結合部で回転可能に結合し、前記第2枠体と第2結合部で回転可能に結合するリンク部材であって、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体とを2節リンク構成で移動可能に結合するリンク部材と、
前記像担持体と前記プロセス手段とが当接するように、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体を付勢する付勢部材と、
前記第1結合部に回転可能に設けられた、駆動源からの駆動力を受ける第1ギアと、
前記第2結合部に回転可能に設けられた第2ギアであって、前記第1ギアから前記駆動力を前記プロセス手段に伝達するための第2ギアと、
を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置である。
以下に図面を参照して、この発明を実施するための最良の形態を例示的に詳しく説明する。ただし、この実施の形態に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状それらの相対配置などは、発明が適用される装置の構成や各種条件により適宜変更されるべきものであり、この発明の範囲を以下の実施の形態に限定する趣旨のものではない。
図2は、本実施形態の画像形成装置の全体構成を示す断面図である。
次にプロセスカートリッジBの構成について述べる。
以下に本実施形態の特徴となるリンク構成を挙げて説明する。
モーメント増加による当接部の荷重Fa1及び荷重Fb1の増分は、その一部が互いに相殺され、感光体ドラム1と現像ローラ3の当接圧の増加は抑制されることになる。
比較例に比較してリンク構成は位置の自由度が上がるため、その姿勢を安定に維持するには、付勢バネの加圧方向を適正に設定する必要がある。この設定が正しくないと、ドラムユニットと現像ユニットが互いに干渉する等の問題が生じる可能性がある。ここで、図6を用いて、付勢バネの加圧設定について説明する。なお、以下で述べる荷重は、感光体ドラム1の回転軸に垂直な断面上に有るものと考えて説明するが、これにより、付勢バネの加圧設定に関する本質が失われるものではない。
比較例の問題点として述べたように、感光ドラムに対する現像ローラ当接の問題として、当接圧管理の問題がある。当接圧が高くなると、感光ドラムと現像ローラの密着度が高くなるため、当接部の現像剤が受ける力が高くなる。その結果、トナー表面が溶けて、トナー表面の外添剤がトナー表面に埋め込まれ、帯電性能が低下しやすく、また、溶けたトナーが、現像ローラ表面に融着するなどの現象が起こりやすくなる。
既に述べたように、現像ローラのゴム硬度を高くすると、形状ムラに対して、当接圧ムラが大きくなる。ゴム硬度と形状ムラの、当接圧に対する具体的な影響を、有限要素法を用いたシミュレーションにより調べた。
従って、弾性層にシリコンゴムまたはEPDMゴムを用いた場合において、圧分布ムラに対する許容レベルはほぼ同等である。しかし、本実施例のリンク構成を用いることで、形状精度の緩和効果や硬度の制約が緩和されることにより、材料選択性が広がる効果を選択して得ることが出来る。
[接触現像システム以外の適用例]
本発明の特徴であるリンク機構を用いた画像形成装置は、実施例に例示した接触現像システムだけでなく、一成分現像剤を使った非接触現像システムや、二成分現像システムを用いた画像形成装置においても効果がある。
[プロセスカートリッジ以外の適用例]
上記説明の本実施例は、本発明を、感光体ドラムと現像ローラを加圧する機構を持つ、プロセスカートリッジに適用したものである。しかし、画像形成装置中において、2つの回転体である像担持体とそれに作用するプロセス手段を加圧する他の機構においても適用することが出来る。
D 現像ユニット
1 感光体ドラム
3 現像ローラ
51 リンク部材
Claims (15)
- 画像形成装置本体に着脱可能なプロセスカートリッジにおいて、
像担持体と、
前記像担持体を回転可能に支持する第1枠体と、
前記像担持体と当接して、前記像担持体に形成された静電潜像を現像する現像剤担持体と、
前記現像剤担持体を回転可能に支持する第2枠体と、
前記第1枠体と第1結合部で回転可能に結合し、前記第2枠体と第2結合部で回転可能に結合するリンク部材であって、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体とを2節リンク構成で移動可能に結合するリンク部材と、
前記像担持体と前記現像剤担持体とが当接するように、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体を付勢する付勢部材と、
前記第1結合部に回転可能に設けられた、前記装置本体に設けられた駆動源からの駆動力を受ける第1ギアと、
前記第2結合部に回転可能に設けられた第2ギアであって、前記第1ギアから前記駆動力を前記現像剤担持体に伝達するための第2ギアと、
を有することを特徴とするプロセスカートリッジ。 - 前記現像剤担持体は、弾性ローラであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセスカートリッジ。
- 前記付勢部材は、引張バネであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のプロセスカートリッジ。
- 前記リンク部材は、前記像担持体の長手方向において、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体の一端側と他端側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第2枠体が前記付勢部材から受ける力は、前記第2枠体が前記リンク部材から受ける力の方向に対して反対方向の成分を持ち、且つ、前記第2枠体が前記像担持体から受ける力の方向に対して反対方向の成分を持つことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第2枠体が前記付勢部材から受ける力は、前記第2枠体が前記リンク部材から受ける力と前記第2枠体が前記像担持体から受ける力の合力の方向に対して反対方向であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第1ギアからの前記駆動力が、アイドラギアを介して前記第2ギアに伝達されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 記録媒体に画像を形成する画像形成装置において、
像担持体と、
前記像担持体に作用するプロセス手段と、
前記像担持体または前記プロセス手段のいずれか一方を回転可能に支持する第1枠体と、
前記像担持体または前記プロセス手段の他方を回転可能に支持する第2枠体と、
前記第1枠体と第1結合部で回転可能に結合し、前記第2枠体と第2結合部で回転可能に結合するリンク部材であって、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体とを2節リンク構成で移動可能に結合するリンク部材と、
前記像担持体と前記プロセス手段とが当接するように、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体を付勢する付勢部材と、
前記第1結合部に回転可能に設けられた、駆動源からの駆動力を受ける第1ギアと、
前記第2結合部に回転可能に設けられた第2ギアであって、前記第1ギアから前記駆動力を前記プロセス手段に伝達するための第2ギアと、
を有することを特徴とする画像形成装置。 - 前記プロセス手段は前記像担持体に形成された静電潜像を現像するための現像剤担持体であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記現像剤担持体は、弾性ローラであることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記付勢部材は、引張バネであることを特徴とする請求項8乃至10のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記リンク部材は、前記像担持体の長手方向において、前記第1枠体と前記第2枠体の一端側と他端側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項8乃至11のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第2枠体が前記付勢部材から受ける力は、前記第2枠体が前記リンク部材から受ける力の方向に対して反対方向の成分を持ち、且つ、前記第2枠体が前記像担持体から受ける力の方向に対して反対方向の成分を持つことを特徴とする請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第2枠体が前記付勢部材から受ける力は、前記第2枠体が前記リンク部材から受ける力と前記第2枠体が前記像担持体から受ける力の合力の方向に対して反対方向であることを特徴とする請求項8乃至13のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
- 前記第1ギアからの前記駆動力が、アイドラギアを介して前記第2ギアに伝達されることを特徴とする請求項8乃至14のいずれか1項に記載の画像形成装置。
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JP2011545910A JP5274673B2 (ja) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | 画像形成装置及びプロセスカートリッジ |
CN200980162879.7A CN102656524B (zh) | 2009-12-18 | 2009-12-18 | 成像设备和处理盒 |
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JP5776263B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2015-09-09 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 画像形成装置 |
JP6184311B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-14 | 2017-08-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | プロセスカートリッジ及び画像形成装置 |
US10025266B2 (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2018-07-17 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process cartridge including a coupling member and a sheet that contacts the coupling member |
JP2014186179A (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Oki Data Corp | 現像装置、画像形成ユニット、及び画像形成装置 |
US9575435B2 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2017-02-21 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Magnetic roll for a dual component development electrophotographic image forming device |
CN206369918U (zh) * | 2016-10-06 | 2017-08-01 | 江西亿铂电子科技有限公司 | 控制机构及包含该控制机构的显影盒 |
AU2020242010B2 (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2023-06-01 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic image forming apparatus and cartridge |
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