WO2011027497A1 - 通信システム及び通信装置 - Google Patents
通信システム及び通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011027497A1 WO2011027497A1 PCT/JP2010/004007 JP2010004007W WO2011027497A1 WO 2011027497 A1 WO2011027497 A1 WO 2011027497A1 JP 2010004007 W JP2010004007 W JP 2010004007W WO 2011027497 A1 WO2011027497 A1 WO 2011027497A1
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- Prior art keywords
- communication
- conductor
- coupler
- signal transmission
- transmission device
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P7/00—Resonators of the waveguide type
- H01P7/06—Cavity resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/2005—Electromagnetic photonic bandgaps [EPB], or photonic bandgaps [PBG]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
- H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
- H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
- H04B5/266—One coil at each side, e.g. with primary and secondary coils
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication system including a sheet-like signal transmission device serving as a communication medium and a communication coupler installed on the signal transmission device for transmitting and receiving signals to and from the signal transmission device, and in particular, leakage that suppresses electromagnetic leakage from the communication coupler.
- the present invention relates to a communication system and a communication apparatus having an electromagnetic field suppression structure.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of the conductor portion 3 of the signal transmission device 1 as viewed from above, and shows that the conductor portion 3 has a mesh shape.
- the communication coupler 2 includes a disk-shaped inner conductor 10, and an outer conductor 12 that is formed so as to cover the inner conductor 10 and forms a coupler housing 11. And a coaxial cable 13 connected to the inner conductor 10 and the outer conductor 12. The end of the coaxial cable 13 is connected to the communication device 14.
- an electromagnetic field input / output from the communication device 14 is transmitted through the coaxial cable 13, propagates between the inner conductor 10 and the outer conductor 12 of the communication coupler 2, and is injected into the signal transmission device 1. Communication is performed between the communication coupler 2 and another communication coupler (not shown) by propagating through the signal transmission device 1.
- an electromagnetic field is present in a narrow region sandwiched between sheet-like bodies that are conductive portions facing each other, and the space between the two sheet-like bodies.
- the electromagnetic field is advanced to perform communication.
- a sheet-like (foil-like or film-like) first conductor layer and second conductor layer having an opening are arranged substantially in parallel via an insulating layer. It is.
- This communication device communicates by transmitting electromagnetic waves between the conductor layers by supplying a cylindrically symmetric current to the conductor layers at the top thereof.
- the communication device disclosed in Patent Document 3 includes a signal transmission device in which a dielectric is interposed between a mesh-shaped first conductor portion and a second conductor portion.
- electromagnetic waves are supplied to the signal transmission device by the inner conductor and the outer conductor portion covering the inner conductor.
- the communication device disclosed in Patent Document 4 includes a signal transmission device in which a layer made of a vacuum or a dielectric is formed between a mesh-shaped first conductor portion and a second conductor portion.
- electromagnetic waves are supplied to the signal transmission device by the inner conductor and the outer conductor portion covering the inner conductor.
- the communication coupler 2 has a problem of electromagnetic field leakage.
- the electromagnetic leakage path in this communication system will be described with reference to FIG.
- the electromagnetic field which is a signal input from the communication device 14 propagates between the disk-shaped inner conductor 10 and the outer conductor 12 of the communication coupler 2 via the coaxial cable 13 and is transmitted to the signal transmission device 1. Injected.
- a part of the electromagnetic field is between the lower portion of the communication coupler 2 and the mesh-like conductor portion 3 that is the mesh-like conductor of the signal transmission device 1. Leak outside through layer 5 and the like. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16A is an enlarged view of a portion serving as an electromagnetic field leakage path.
- FIG. 16B is formed between the lower part of the outer conductor 12 of the communication coupler 2 (the conductor part between the points P1 and P2) and the lower electrode 4 of the signal transmission device 1 (the conductor part between the points P3 and P4).
- the parasitic capacitance Cs1 is shown. In the communication system shown in FIGS.
- Leakage of an electromagnetic field carrying signals from the communication system in this way is undesirable because it leads to information leakage even if the communication system has a security function such as encryption.
- it is necessary to reduce leakage, for example, a leaked electromagnetic field may affect the operation of other electronic devices.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a communication system capable of suppressing the occurrence of electromagnetic leakage from a connection point between a communication coupler and a signal transmission device. To do.
- a communication system of the present invention includes a communication coupler that transmits a signal output from a communication device, and a signal transmission device that performs communication by propagating the signal transmitted from the communication coupler as an electromagnetic field.
- the communication coupler is provided at a coupler housing and an end of the coupler housing facing the signal transmission device, and is extended so as to be parallel to the signal transmission device. And an extended conductor portion that increases electromagnetic coupling with the transmission device.
- the extended conductor portion extended so as to be parallel to the signal transmission device is provided at the end of the coupler housing facing the signal transmission device of the communication coupler.
- Such an extended conductor portion can increase the electromagnetic coupling between the communication coupler and the signal transmission device, in particular, the electromagnetic coupling between the outer conductor of the communication coupler and the lower electrode of the signal transmission device. Fewer high-quality communication systems are possible.
- FIG. 4A It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly procedure of the communication coupler shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the communication coupler by Example 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the communication coupler by Example 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the communication coupler by Example 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 16A It is sectional drawing which provided the EBG structure in the communication coupler by Example 5 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the EBG structure of FIG. 9 concretely. It is a perspective view which shows the whole communication coupler with which the EBG structure shown in FIG. 9 was attached. It is explanatory drawing which shows the installation location of the EBG structure with respect to the communication coupler shown in FIG. 9 concretely. It is sectional drawing which shows the whole conventional communication system. It is a top view which shows the signal transmission apparatus in the communication system of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the communication coupler in the communication system of FIG. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining electromagnetic field leakage between a communication coupler and a signal transmission device in the communication system of FIG. 12. It is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 12 which shows the parasitic capacitance of the location used as the electromagnetic field leakage path
- FIG. 1 shows a communication system including a communication coupler 21 that transmits a signal output from a communication device 20 and a signal transmission device 22 that performs communication by propagating the signal transmitted from the communication coupler 21 as an electromagnetic field.
- FIGS. 1 and 3 are diagrams showing a part of the communication coupler 21 in the communication system.
- the communication coupler 21 includes a disk-shaped inner conductor 24 and an outer conductor 26 that is disposed so as to cover the inner conductor 24 and constitutes a coupler housing 25.
- a flange portion 27 (extended conductor portion) is provided at an end portion of the outer conductor 26 constituting the coupler housing 25 facing the signal transmission device 22.
- the flange portion 27 is extended so as to be parallel to the sheet-like signal transmission device 22 (described later).
- the inner conductor 24 and the outer conductor 26 constituting the coupler housing 25 are connected to the communication device 20 via a coaxial cable 28. As shown in FIG.
- the coupler housing 25 includes a tubular portion 25A formed in a tubular shape as a whole and a lid portion 25B provided at an end of the tubular portion 25A.
- the coupler housing 25 has a disk-shaped inner conductor 24 disposed in the inner space 25C.
- the flange portion 27 has a shape that protrudes outward at a lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 25A of the outer conductor 26 and at an outer position, like a brim of a hat. The leakage electromagnetic field is suppressed by adding a flange portion 27 to such an external conductor 26.
- a voltage is applied to the inner conductor 24 and the outer conductor 26 by a signal output from the communication device 20, and an electromagnetic field is generated between the inner conductor 24 and the outer 25 by this voltage.
- electromagnetic coupling between the communication coupler 21 and the signal transmission device 22, particularly the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21 and the lower electrode 31 of the signal transmission device 22 (described later) is performed by the flange portion 27 provided on the outer conductor 26 described above. Communication) with a small leakage electromagnetic field.
- the signal transmission device 22 has a sheet-like structure having a mesh-like mesh conductor portion 30, a lower electrode 31, a first dielectric layer 32, and a second dielectric layer 33.
- the lower electrode 31 is disposed at a distance from the mesh conductor 30.
- the first dielectric layer 32 is provided on the mesh conductor portion 30.
- the second dielectric layer 33 is provided in a narrow space between the mesh conductor 30 and the lower electrode 31.
- the length of the flange portion 27 facing the signal transmission device 22 of the communication coupler 21 is set longer than the width of one conductor constituting the mesh of the mesh-like conductor portion 30 of the signal transmission device 22 in order to enhance the magnetic field leakage suppression effect. (Described later).
- the electromagnetic field leakage between the communication coupler 21 and the signal transmission device 22 will be described.
- the conventional communication coupler 2 shown in FIG. 15 when the conventional communication coupler 2 shown in FIG. 15 is installed on the signal transmission device 1 and used, the lower part of the outer conductor 12 of the communication coupler 2 and the mesh conductor of the signal transmission device 1 are used.
- the electromagnetic field leaks through the first dielectric layer 5 between the mesh-like conductor portions 3.
- the packing density (ratio occupied by the mesh conductor) of the mesh-like mesh conductor portion 3 in the signal transmission device 1 is small, for example, when the mesh conductor width is 1 mm and the mesh conductor interval is 7 mm, the above-described electromagnetic field leakage is suppressed.
- Electromagnetic field leakage when the conventional communication coupler 2 is installed on the signal transmission device 1 is shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 4A shows a case where the communication coupler 21 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed on the signal transmission device 22.
- 4B shows the lower part of the outer conductor 26 (the conductor part between the points P1 ′ and P2 ′ in FIG. 4A) to which the flange 27 of the communication coupler 21 is added and the lower electrode 31 (the point in FIG. 4A) of the signal transmission device 22.
- a parasitic capacitance Cs2 formed between a conductor portion between P3 ′ and point P4 ′ is shown.
- the area facing the positioned lower electrode 31 is increased.
- the parasitic capacitance increases (Cs1 ⁇ Cs2)
- the impedance is reduced, and an electromagnetic field propagating between the inner conductor 24 and the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler is easily injected into the signal transmission device 22 and the communication system.
- the lower part of the outer conductor 26 including the flange portion 27 is longer than the mesh width of the mesh conductor, an electromagnetic field leakage suppressing effect can be obtained. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, the length of the flange portion 27 is L1, and the mesh conductor portion When the width of one conductor frame constituting 30 is L2, it is desirable to set the length of the flange portion 27 such that L1> L2.
- the manufacturing method of the communication coupler 21 will be briefly described with reference to FIG.
- the inner conductor 24 of the communication coupler 21 and the outer conductor 26 with the flange portion 27 are manufactured by a method such as casting. It is conceivable to use a coaxial connector 29 for connection between the communication coupler 21 and the coaxial cable 28.
- the outer conductor 29A of the coaxial connector 29 and the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21, and the inner conductor 29B of the coaxial connector 29 and the inner conductor 24 of the communication coupler 21 are connected by solder.
- a hole is formed in the central protrusion of the inner conductor 24 so that the inner conductor 29B of the coaxial connector 29 can be inserted in advance.
- the communication coupler 21 according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be realized by a general construction method.
- the flange portion 27 extended to be parallel to the signal transmission device 22 at the end of the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21. (Extension conductor part) is provided.
- This flange portion 27 increases the electromagnetic coupling between the communication coupler 21 and the signal transmission device 22, particularly the electromagnetic coupling between the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21 and the lower electrode 31 of the signal transmission device 22, thereby causing leakage. High quality communication with less electromagnetic field is possible.
- the communication system according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the material constituting the coupler housing 25 of the communication coupler 21. That is, in the first embodiment, the coupler housing 25 of the communication coupler 21 is made of metal. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the coupler housing 40 is made of a non-conductor such as a resin, and the conductor plating 41 is partially applied to the coupler housing 40, thereby forming the communication coupler 21 of the second embodiment. ing.
- the coupler housing 40 of FIG. 6 is manufactured by injection molding of constituent resins.
- a connection location with the coaxial cable 28 (indicated by reference numeral 41A), an opposing surface on the inner conductor 24 side (in reference numeral 41B) And the entire lower end face of the coupler housing 40 including the flange portion 27 (indicated by reference numeral 41C).
- the thickness of the conductor plating 41 is made thicker than the conductor skin thickness at the frequency used for communication.
- the outer conductor is constituted by the coupler housing 40 made of resin, and the conductor plating 41 is applied to the necessary portion of the coupler housing 40, thereby further preventing the electromagnetic field leakage.
- Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the communication system according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the configuration of the flange portion 27 provided as the extended conductor portion in the first embodiment.
- a flange portion 27 that extends the outer conductor 26 outward is provided as an extended conductor portion below the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21.
- the third embodiment as shown in FIG. 7, in a coupler housing 25 having a tubular portion 25A formed in a tubular shape as a whole and a lid portion 25B provided at the upper end portion of the tubular portion 25A.
- the bottom portion of the lower end portion of the cylindrical portion 25A is used as the extended conductor portion 42 by forming the thickness of the cylindrical portion 25A (indicated by the symbol W) thick.
- the thickness W of the cylindrical portion 25A and the coupler casing 25 are configured by applying the conductor plating 41 to the coupler casing 40 made of resin as shown in the second embodiment, the conductor plating is performed.
- the thickness 41 (conductor skin thickness) is set to be “thickness W of cylindrical portion 25A >> conductor skin thickness”, thereby enabling high-quality communication with little leakage electromagnetic field.
- the first dielectric layer 32 and the second dielectric layer 33 in the region surrounded by P4 ′ and the point P3 ′ are replaced with a material having a higher dielectric constant than the material of other regions (indicated by reference numeral 33B).
- the parasitic capacitance Cs2 between the flange portion 27 and the lower electrode 31 where electromagnetic field leakage is likely to occur can be further increased, and electromagnetic field leakage can be effectively suppressed.
- the installation location of the communication coupler 21 on the signal transmission device 22 is limited by adopting the configuration shown in the fourth embodiment.
- Example 5 a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11B.
- Example 1 when the length of the flange part 27 becomes comparable with the half wavelength in the frequency used for communication, an electric current will be carried on the flange part 27, and electromagnetic radiation will be caused by functioning as an antenna.
- the structure for suppressing this radiation is the fifth embodiment. That is, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, an EBG (Electromagnetic-BandGap) structure 50 that suppresses propagation of an electromagnetic field in a specific frequency band is provided on the upper surface of the flange portion 27 provided as an extended conductor portion. Is forming.
- EBG Electromagnetic-BandGap
- the EBG structure 50 includes an upper conductor layer 51 and a lower conductor layer 52 made of a printed board as a flat conductor sheet.
- a conductor pattern 53 made of a conductor object 53 ⁇ / b> A having a square shape in plan view is formed between the conductor layer 51 and the conductor layer 52.
- the EBG structure 50 includes a conductor pattern 53 and a conductor via formed by connecting the conductor 53A and the conductor layer 52 with a conductor via 54, for example.
- a plurality of assemblies 54 are arranged two-dimensionally at regular intervals and intervals. The dimensions of each part are shown in pp.
- the EBG structure 50 is installed on the flange portion 27 of the communication coupler 21 as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. At the time of the installation, the lower conductor layer 52 constituting the EBG structure 50 and the flange portion 27 are electrically connected by a conductive adhesive or the like.
- the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21 and the flange portion 27 disposed around the communication coupler 21 are not circular but corners, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to use a mold.
- the flange portion 27 arranged around the outer conductor 26 is used for electromagnetic coupling between the communication coupler 21 and the signal transmission device 22, particularly the outer conductor 26 of the communication coupler 21, as in the first embodiment.
- the electromagnetic coupling with the lower electrode 31 of the signal transmission device 22 is increased.
- the EBG structure 50 on the flange portion 27 prevents the phenomenon that causes electromagnetic radiation by the flange portion 27 functioning as an antenna. Also in this respect, high-quality communication with less leakage electromagnetic field is possible. .
- the present invention can be applied to a communication system including a sheet-like signal transmission device and a communication coupler that is installed on the sheet-like signal transmission device and transmits signals to the signal transmission device. Applicable to.
- Communication Equipment 20 Communication Equipment 21 Communication Coupler 22 Signal Transmission Device 24 Inner Conductor 25 Coupler Housing 25A Tubular Part 25B Cover Part 26 External Conductor 27 Flange Part (Extension Conductor Part) 30 mesh-shaped conductor portion 31 lower electrode 32 first dielectric layer 33 second dielectric layer 40 coupler housing 41 conductor plating 42 extended conductor portion 50 EBG structure
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Abstract
Description
このような通信システムは、図12に示すようにシート状の信号伝達装置1と、通信カプラ2とから構成される。
信号伝達装置1はメッシュ状の導体部3と、導体部3と間隔をおいて配置された下部電極4と、導体部3の上部に設けられた第1誘電体層5と、これら導体部3及び下部電極4の間の狭間領域に設けられた第2誘電体層6と、を有するシート状構造である。図13は、信号伝達装置1の導体部3を上から見た平面図であって、導体部3がメッシュ状であることを示している。
具体的には、特許文献2に示される通信装置では、開口を有するシート状(箔状、膜状)の第1導体層及び第2導体層が、絶縁層を介して略平行配置される構成である。この通信装置は、その上部にこれら導体層に円柱対称な電流を供給することで、導体層間に電磁波を伝播して、通信を行っている。
特許文献3に示される通信装置は、メッシュ状の第1導体部と第2導体部との間に誘電体を介在させた信号伝達装置を有する。この信号伝達装置に接続された通信カプラでは、内部導体及びこの内部導体を覆う外部導体部により、その信号伝達装置に対して電磁波を供給する。
特許文献4に示される通信装置は、メッシュ状の第1導体部と第2導体部との間に、真空または誘電体よりなる層を形成した信号伝達装置を有する。この信号伝達装置に接続された通信カプラでは、内部導体及びこの内部導体を覆う外部導体部により、その信号伝達装置に対して電磁波を供給する。
上述したように通信機器14から入力された信号である電磁界は、同軸ケーブル13を介して通信カプラ2の円板状の内部導体10と外部導体12の間を伝搬して信号伝達装置1に注入される。この際に、一部の電磁界が図15に矢印Rで示すように、通信カプラ2の下部と信号伝達装置1のメッシュ状導体であるメッシュ状導体部3との間にある第1誘電体層5などを通って外部へ漏洩する。具体的には、図15に示すように、通信カプラ2を信号伝達装置1の上に設置して使用した場合、通信カプラ2の外部導体12の下部と、信号伝達装置1のメッシュ状導体部3の間にある第1誘電体層5などを通り電磁界が漏洩する。図16Aは、電磁界漏洩経路となる箇所を拡大した図である。図16Bは、通信カプラ2の外部導体12の下部(点P1、点P2間の導体部分)と信号伝達装置1の下部電極4(点P3、点P4間の導体部分)の間で形成される寄生容量Cs1を示す。
上述した図12~図16Bに示される通信システムでは、通信カプラ2の外部導体12の下部(点P1、点P2間の導体部分)と信号伝達装置1の下部電極4(点P3、点P4間の導体部分)の間で、十分な寄生容量Cs1を確保することができないために、通信時に電磁波漏洩を発生するという問題があった。
図1~図5を参照して本発明の実施例1を詳細に説明する。
図1は、通信機器20から出力された信号を伝達する通信カプラ21と、この通信カプラ21から伝達された信号を電磁界として伝搬させて通信を行う信号伝達装置22とからなる通信システムを示す。図2及び図3は、通信システムの中の通信カプラ21の部分を示す図である。
カプラ筐体25は、図3に示すように、全体として筒状に形成された筒状部25Aと、筒状部25Aの端部に設けられた蓋部25Bを有する。カプラ筐体25は、その内部空間25Cに、円盤状の内部導体24が配置されている。フランジ部27は、帽子のツバのように外部導体26の筒状部25Aの下端部でかつ外側位置にて、外方に張り出すような形状を有する。このような外部導体26にフランジ部27を追加することで漏洩電磁界を抑制する。
通信カプラ21の信号伝達装置22に面するフランジ部27の長さは、磁界漏洩抑制効果を高めるために、信号伝達装置22のメッシュ状導体部30のメッシュを構成する一導体幅よりも長く設定されている(後述する)。
上記で説明したように、図15に示す従来の通信カプラ2を信号伝達装置1の上に設置して使用した場合、通信カプラ2の外部導体12の下部と、信号伝達装置1のメッシュ状導体であるメッシュ状導体部3の間にある第1誘電体層5などを通り電磁界が漏洩する。信号伝達装置1におけるメッシュ状のメッシュ状導体部3の充填密度(メッシュ導体が占める割合)が小さい場合、例えばメッシュ導体幅1mm、メッシュ導体間隔7mmなどの場合は、上記の電磁界漏洩を抑制する方法として、通信カプラ2の外部導体12の下部と、信号伝達装置1の下部電極4との電磁結合を大きくすることが挙げられる。すなわち、外部導体12の下部と下部電極4の上部で作る寄生容量を大きくすることで通信カプラ2から信号伝達装置1に注入される電磁界の割合が増加し、第1誘電体層を通って外部へ漏洩する量が少なくなる。
従来の通信カプラ2を信号伝達装置1の上に設置した場合の電磁界漏洩については、図16A及び図16Bに示される。
図4Bは、通信カプラ21のフランジ部27を追加した外部導体26の下部(図4Aにおける点P1’と点P2’と間の導体部分)と信号伝達装置22の下部電極31(図4Aにおける点P3’と点P4’との間の導体部分)の間で形成される寄生容量Cs2を示す。フランジ部27を追加したことで、本発明の実施例1の通信システムにおいては、従来の通信システムと比較して、外部導体26下部の信号伝達装置22に面する領域が大きくなり、その下に位置する下部電極31との対向面積が増えている。その結果、寄生容量が増加(Cs1<Cs2)するためインピーダンスが小さくなり、通信カプラの内部導体24と外部導体26との間を伝搬する電磁界が信号伝達装置22に注入されやすくなるとともに通信システム外部への電磁界漏洩が少なくなる。
フランジ部27を含む外部導体26の下部はメッシュ状導体の導体幅よりも長いほうが電磁界漏洩抑制効果を得られるため、図4Aに示すようにフランジ部27の長さをL1、メッシュ状導体部30を構成する一導体枠の幅をL2とした場合に、フランジ部27の長さを、L1>L2となるように設定することが望ましい。
次に、本発明の実施例2について図6を参照して説明する。
本実施例2の通信システムが、先の実施例1と異なるのは、通信カプラ21のカプラ筐体25を構成している材料である。すなわち、実施例1では、通信カプラ21のカプラ筐体25は金属で構成されている。一方で、実施例2では、樹脂などの非導体でカプラ筐体40を構成し、このカプラ筐体40に部分的に導体めっき41を施すことで、本実施例2の通信カプラ21を構成している。
図6のカプラ筐体40は、構成樹脂を射出成型することなどにより製造する。その後、導体めっき41を、少なくとも、通信機器20につながる同軸ケーブル28との接続をとるために、同軸ケーブル28との接続箇所(符号41Aで示す)、内部導体24側の対向面(符号41Bで示す)及びフランジ部27を含めたカプラ筐体40の下端面の全体(符号41Cで示す)に施す。導体めっき41の厚みは、通信で使用する周波数における導体表皮厚みより厚くする。
このように外部導体を、樹脂からなるカプラ筐体40により構成し、カプラ筐体40の必要部分に導体めっき41を施すことで、さらに余計な電磁界漏洩を防止することが可能となる。
次に、本発明の実施例3について図7を参照して説明する。
本実施例3の通信システムが、先の実施例1と異なるのは、実施例1で延長導体部として設けられたフランジ部27の構成である。実施例1では、図1に示すように、通信カプラ21の外部導体26の下部に外部導体26を外側へ延長したフランジ部27を延長導体部として設けた。一方で、実施例3では、図7に示すように、全体として筒状に形成された筒状部25Aと、筒状部25Aの上端部に設けられた蓋部25Bを有するカプラ筐体25において、筒状部25Aの厚さ(符号Wで示す)を肉厚に形成することで、筒状部25Aの下端部の底部を、延長導体部42としている。
筒状部25Aの厚さW、および、カプラ筐体25を、先の実施例2で示すように樹脂からなるカプラ筐体40に導体めっき41を施すことにより構成した場合には、その導体めっき41の厚さ(導体表皮厚み)は、「筒状部25Aの厚さW>>導体表皮厚み」となるように設定することで、漏洩電磁界の少ない高品質な通信を可能とする。
次に、本発明の実施例4について図8を参照して説明する。
この実施例4では、実施例1に示される、信号伝達装置22を構成している誘電体層32・33の一部領域を高誘電率な材料(符号33Aで示す)に置き換えている。
具体的には、通信カプラ21のフランジ部27を形成した外部導体26下部とそれに対向する信号伝達装置22の下部電極31の間、すなわち、図8に示される点P1’、点P2’、点P4’、点P3’で囲まれる領域の第1誘電体層32、第2誘電体層33を、他の領域の材料(符号33Bで示す)より高誘電率な材料に置き換えるようにしている。これによって、特に、電磁界漏洩が発生し易いフランジ部27と下部電極31との間の寄生容量Cs2を更に大きくして、電磁界漏洩を有効に抑制することができる。ただし、この実施例4で示すような構成を採用することで、信号伝達装置22上への通信カプラ21の設置場所は限定される。
次に、本発明の実施例5について図9~図11Bを参照して説明する。
上述した実施例1では、フランジ部27の長さが通信に使用する周波数における2分の1波長と同程度となるとフランジ部27上に電流が載り、アンテナとして機能することにより電磁放射を引き起こす。この放射を抑制するための構造が、この実施例5である。
すなわち、実施例5では、図9に示すように、延長導体部として設けられたフランジ部27の上面に、特定の周波数帯での電磁界の伝搬を抑制するEBG(Electromagnetic-BandGap)構造体50を形成している。EBG構造に関しては、例えば、IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES,VOL.53,NO.8,AUGUST 2005のpp.2495-2505に掲載されている「Electromagnetic-Bandgap Layers for Broad-Band Suppression of TEM Modes in Power Planes(以下、文献Aと称する)」などに報告がある。
各部の寸法は、上記文献Aのpp.2499のTABLE I、Figure 8に記載されている(構造は文献1のFigure 2に記載されている)。このEBG構造体50を、図11Aおよび11Bに示すように、通信カプラ21のフランジ部27上に設置する。その設置の際、EBG構造体50を構成する下層の導体層52と、フランジ部27とは導電性の接着剤などにより電気的に接続を行う。EBG構造体50をフランジ部27上に設置する場合、配置の容易さから、図11Bに示すように通信カプラ21の外部導体26及びその周囲に配置されるフランジ部27は、円形ではなく、角型にすることが好ましい。
21 通信カプラ
22 信号伝達装置
24 内部導体
25 カプラ筐体
25A 筒状部
25B 蓋部
26 外部導体
27 フランジ部(延長導体部)
30 メッシュ状導体部
31 下部電極
32 第1誘電体層
33 第2誘電体層
40 カプラ筐体
41 導体めっき
42 延長導体部
50 EBG構造体
Claims (8)
- 通信機器から出力された信号を伝達する通信カプラと、
前記通信カプラから伝達された信号を電磁界として伝搬させて通信を行う信号伝達装置とを含む通信システムであって、
前記通信カプラは、
カプラ筐体と、
前記信号伝達装置に面する前記カプラ筐体の端部に設けられ、前記信号伝達装置に対して平行となるように延長されて、前記通信カプラと前記信号伝達装置との電磁結合を大きくする延長導体部とを含む通信システム。 - 前記延長導体部は、前記カプラ筐体から径方向外方に突出するように設けられたフランジ部である請求項1に記載の通信システム。
- 前記通信カプラの前記カプラ筐体は、全体として筒状を有する筒状部と、前記筒状部の上端部に設けられた蓋部とを有し、前記カプラ筐体の内部空間には、内部導体が配置され、
前記筒状部の厚みは、筒状部を構成する導体の表皮の厚みより十分に厚くすることで、前記筒状部の下端部の底部を、前記延長導体部とする請求項1に記載の通信システム。 - 前記信号伝達装置は、メッシュ状のメッシュ状導体部と、前記メッシュ状導体部と間隔をおいて配置された下部電極と、前記メッシュ状導体部の上層及び下層に設けられた誘電体層とを有し、シート状構造であり、
前記信号伝達装置に面する前記延長導体部の長さは、前記信号伝達装置のメッシュ状導体部のメッシュを構成する一導体幅よりも長い請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の通信システム。 - 前記通信カプラの前記カプラ筐体は樹脂などの非導体で構成されており、
前記延長導体部は、前記カプラ筐体を含む前記信号伝達装置に面する端部の表面に金属めっきを施すことで形成されている請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の通信システム。 - 前記延長導体部は、前記金属めっきの表皮厚みより十分大きいだけの厚さをもっている請求項5に記載の通信システム。
- 前記信号伝達装置の誘電体層は、前記延長導体部と対向配置された領域にて、他の領域よりも誘電率の高い物質で満たされている請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の通信システム。
- 前記フランジ部の上に、フランジ部がアンテナとして機能することにより電磁放射を引き起こすという現象を防止するEBG構造体を設けられている請求項2、請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載の通信システム。
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JP2017143455A (ja) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | 国立研究開発法人情報通信研究機構 | 2次元通信シートへの電力供給システム、給電ポート |
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CN107534201B (zh) * | 2015-04-21 | 2020-08-04 | 3M创新有限公司 | 具有耦合装置和波导的通信装置和系统 |
CN114665345B (zh) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-11-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | 一种耦合式射频连接器 |
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JPWO2011027497A1 (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
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