WO2011018856A1 - 燃料電池の含水量制御方法及び燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池の含水量制御方法及び燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011018856A1 WO2011018856A1 PCT/JP2009/064357 JP2009064357W WO2011018856A1 WO 2011018856 A1 WO2011018856 A1 WO 2011018856A1 JP 2009064357 W JP2009064357 W JP 2009064357W WO 2011018856 A1 WO2011018856 A1 WO 2011018856A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell
- water content
- anode electrode
- gas
- Prior art date
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 89
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 42
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04791—Concentration; Density
- H01M8/04798—Concentration; Density of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling the water content of a fuel cell and a fuel cell system.
- Patent Document 1 As conventionally known, in order to efficiently generate power with a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, it is desirable that the inside of the cell be in a moderately wet state and that the amount of water in the fuel cell is not excessive or insufficient. .
- a technique for controlling the amount of water in the fuel cell for example, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known. In the technique of this patent document 1, the pressure of the gas (for example, hydrogen gas) on the anode electrode side is decreased, the amount of water movement from the cathode electrode side to the anode electrode side is increased, and the water content in the cell is adjusted. Yes.
- the gas for example, hydrogen gas
- the desired water content cannot be adjusted simply by reducing the gas pressure on the anode electrode side.
- the gas pressure is extremely reduced to increase the water content, the hydrogen gas partial pressure on the anode electrode side may decrease, and the power generation output of the fuel cell may decrease.
- the gas pressure on the anode electrode side is extremely reduced, there is a possibility that off-gas and the like are not sufficiently discharged from the anode electrode side to the outside using the pressure difference.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a water content control method for a fuel cell and a fuel cell system capable of appropriately adjusting the water content in the fuel cell corresponding to various conditions.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention is a method for controlling the water content in a cell of a fuel cell, wherein the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side of the cell of the fuel cell are limited by conditions. It adjusts so that it may satisfy
- the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side of the cell of the fuel cell can be adjusted, and the water content in the cell can be adjusted appropriately according to various limiting conditions.
- the restriction condition may be that the flow rate of the fuel gas does not exceed a flow rate at which the amount of water movement moving from the cathode electrode side to the anode electrode side in the cell becomes the upper limit.
- the limiting condition may be to ensure a predetermined partial pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side in the cell.
- the limiting condition may be to ensure the exhaustability of the gas discharged from the anode electrode side in the cell.
- the limiting condition may be that an upper limit of power loss of a gas circulation device for processing off-gas discharged from the fuel cell and supplying it to the anode electrode in the cell of the fuel cell may not be exceeded.
- the moisture content in the cell is detected, and the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas are adjusted so that the moisture content in the cell becomes the target moisture content based on the detection result. May be.
- a moisture content state at a predetermined position in the anode electrode surface of the gas flow path on the anode electrode side of the cell is detected, and based on the detection result, the moisture content at the predetermined position of the cell is detected.
- the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas may be adjusted so that the water amount becomes the target water content.
- the present invention according to another aspect is a fuel cell system having a fuel cell, wherein the flow rate and pressure of fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side of the cell of the fuel cell are adjusted so as to satisfy the limiting conditions, It has a control part which controls the moisture content in the battery cell.
- the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side of the cell of the fuel cell can be adjusted, and the water content in the cell can be adjusted appropriately according to various limiting conditions.
- the restriction condition may be that the flow rate of the fuel gas does not exceed a flow rate at which the amount of water movement moving from the cathode electrode side to the anode electrode side in the cell becomes the upper limit.
- the restriction condition may be to ensure a predetermined partial pressure of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode side in the cell.
- the limiting condition may be to ensure the exhaustability of the gas discharged from the anode electrode side in the cell.
- the limiting condition may be that an upper limit of power loss of a gas circulation device for processing off-gas discharged from the fuel cell and supplying it to the anode electrode in the cell of the fuel cell may not be exceeded.
- the fuel cell system includes a detection member that detects a water content state in a cell, and the control unit is configured so that the water content state in the cell becomes a target water content based on a detection result by the detection member.
- the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas may be adjusted.
- the detection member detects a moisture content state at a predetermined position in the anode electrode surface of the gas flow path on the anode electrode side of the cell
- the control unit is configured to detect the predetermined content of the cell based on a detection result by the detection member.
- the flow rate and pressure of the fuel gas may be adjusted so that the water content at the position becomes the target water content.
- the fuel cell 1 having a stack structure has a cell stack 3 formed by stacking a plurality of solid polymer electrolyte type single cells 2.
- Current collector plates 5a and 5b, insulating plates 6a and 6b, and end plates 7a and 7b are arranged outside the single cells 2 (hereinafter referred to as “end cell 2a”) at both ends of the cell stack 3, respectively.
- the Tension plates 8, 8 are bridged between end plates 7a, 7b and fixed with bolts 9, and an elastic module 10 is provided between the end plate 7b and the insulating plate 6b.
- Hydrogen gas as the fuel gas, air as the oxidizing gas, and refrigerant are supplied to the manifold 15a in the cell stack 3 from the supply pipe 14 connected to the supply ports 11a, 12a and 13a of the end plate 7a. Thereafter, hydrogen gas, air, and refrigerant flow in the plane direction of the single cell 2, reach the manifold 15b in the cell stack 3, and fuel from the discharge pipe 16 connected to the discharge ports 11b, 12b, and 13b of the end plate 7a. It is discharged out of the battery 1.
- the supply pipe 14, the manifolds 15a and 15b, and the discharge pipe 16 are provided corresponding to the fluids of hydrogen gas, air, and refrigerant, but in FIG. .
- the single cell 2 includes an MEA 20 and a pair of separators 22A and 22B.
- the MEA 20 membrane-electrode assembly
- the electrolyte membrane 23 made of an ion exchange membrane, and an anode electrode 24A and a cathode electrode 24B sandwiching the electrolyte membrane 23.
- the hydrogen flow path 25A of the separator 22A faces the electrode 24A
- the air flow path 25B of the separator 22B faces the electrode 24B.
- the refrigerant channels 26A and 26B of the separators 22A and 22B communicate between the adjacent single cells 2 and 2. As shown in FIG.
- the single cell 2 is provided with a sensor S that detects the moisture content in the anode electrode surface of the hydrogen flow path 25 ⁇ / b> A on the anode electrode 24 ⁇ / b> A side in the cell 2.
- This sensor S can detect the water content of each position in the surface of the anode electrode 24A of the hydrogen flow path 25A, for example, the inlet position and the outlet position of the hydrogen flow path 25A, and their intermediate positions.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the separator 22A.
- the separator 22A has a hydrogen inlet 27a, an air inlet 28a, a refrigerant inlet 29a, a hydrogen outlet 27b, an air outlet 28b, and a refrigerant outlet 29b that are formed through the hydrogen channel 25A.
- the inlets 27a, 28a, and 29a constitute a part of the manifold 15a corresponding to each fluid, and similarly, the outlets 27b, 28b, and 29b constitute a part of the manifold 15b corresponding to each fluid.
- hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen flow path 25A from the inlet 27a and discharged to the outlet 27b. This also applies to the refrigerant flow.
- air also flows in the planar direction of the separator 22B configured similarly to the separator 22A. In this way, hydrogen gas and air are supplied to the electrodes 24A and 24B in the single cell 2, thereby causing an electrochemical reaction in the MEA 20 and obtaining an electromotive force.
- water is generated on the cathode electrode 24B side, and the water moves from the cathode electrode 24B side to the anode electrode 24A side and is contained in the electrolyte membrane 23 and the like in the cell 2.
- the fuel cell system 100 includes an air piping system 300, a hydrogen piping system 400, a refrigerant piping system 500, and a control device 600.
- the fuel cell system 100 can be mounted on various moving bodies such as vehicles, ships, airplanes, and robots, and can also be applied to stationary power sources.
- a fuel cell system 100 mounted on an automobile will be described as an example.
- the air piping system 300 supplies and discharges air to and from the fuel cell 1, and includes a humidifier 30, a supply flow path 31, a discharge flow path 32, and a compressor 33. Air in the atmosphere (air in a low wet state) is taken in by the compressor 33 and is pumped to the humidifier 30, and moisture is exchanged with the oxidizing off gas in a high wet state in the humidifier 30. As a result, moderately humidified air is supplied from the supply channel 31 to the fuel cell 1.
- the discharge passage 32 is provided with a back pressure valve 34 that adjusts the air back pressure of the fuel cell 1. Further, in the vicinity of the back pressure valve 34, a pressure sensor P1 for detecting air back pressure is provided.
- the compressor 33 is provided with a flow rate sensor F1 that detects an air supply flow rate to the fuel cell 1.
- the hydrogen piping system 400 supplies and discharges hydrogen gas to and from the fuel cell 1, and includes a hydrogen supply source 40, a supply channel 41, a circulation channel 42, a shut valve 43, and the like.
- the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply source 40 is decompressed by the regulator 44, and then the flow rate and pressure are adjusted with high accuracy by the injector 45. Thereafter, the hydrogen gas merges with the hydrogen off-gas pumped by a hydrogen pump 46 as a gas circulation device on the circulation flow path 42 at the merge point A, and is supplied to the fuel cell 1.
- a discharge channel 47 with an exhaust drain valve 48 is branched and connected to the circulation channel 42, and by opening the exhaust drain valve 48, hydrogen off-gas is discharged to the discharge channel 32.
- a pressure sensor P ⁇ b> 2 that detects the supply pressure of hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 1 is provided downstream of the junction A.
- the hydrogen pump 46 is provided with a flow rate sensor F2.
- the fuel off-gas may be introduced into a hydrogen diluter or the like, and a gas-liquid separator may be provided in the circulation channel 42.
- the refrigerant piping system 500 circulates and supplies a refrigerant (for example, cooling water) to the fuel cell 1 and includes a cooling pump 50, a refrigerant channel 51, a radiator 52, a bypass channel 53, and a switching valve 54.
- the cooling pump 50 pumps the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path 51 into the fuel cell 1.
- the refrigerant flow path 51 includes a temperature sensor T1 on the refrigerant inlet side of the fuel cell 1 and a temperature sensor T2 on the refrigerant outlet side of the fuel cell 1.
- the radiator 52 cools the refrigerant discharged from the fuel cell 1.
- the switching valve 54 is constituted by, for example, a rotary valve, and switches the refrigerant flow between the radiator 52 and the bypass flow path 53 as necessary.
- the control device 600 is configured as a microcomputer having a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM inside. Detection information of sensors (S, P1, P2, F1, F2, T1, T2) that detect the pressure, temperature, flow rate, and the like of the fluid flowing through each piping system 300, 400, 500 is input to the control device 600. . In addition to the detection information of the current sensor 61 that detects the current value generated by the fuel cell 1, detection information such as the outside air temperature sensor 62, the vehicle speed sensor 63, and the accelerator opening sensor is input to the control device 600.
- the control device 600 changes various devices (the compressor 33, the shut valve 43, the injector 45, the hydrogen pump 46, the exhaust / drain valve 48, the cooling pump 50, the switching valve 54, etc.) in the system 100 in accordance with the detection information. And overall control of the operation of the fuel cell system 100. Further, the control device 600 adjusts the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the anode electrode 24A side of the fuel cell 1 based on the detection information of the sensor S so as to satisfy predetermined limiting conditions, and thereby the fuel cell. The water content in one cell 2 is controlled.
- the control device 600 controls the water content in the cell 2 of the fuel cell 1 by adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas of the anode electrode 24A so as to satisfy a predetermined restriction condition.
- a storage unit 65 determines the target water content at each position in the surface of the anode electrode 24A of the hydrogen flow path 25A of the cell 2, and the hydrogen gas flow rate and hydrogen for achieving the target water content so as to satisfy the restriction conditions.
- Various programs and various information for calculating the gas pressure and controlling the hydrogen gas flow rate and the hydrogen gas pressure based on the gas pressure are stored.
- the detection unit 66 reads the detection information of the moisture content in the cell 2 by the sensor S.
- the calculation unit 67 executes the program stored in the storage unit 65 based on the information acquired by the detection unit 66 and the like, while satisfying the target moisture content at the predetermined position of the hydrogen flow path 25A of the cell 2 and the restriction condition. Calculate the hydrogen gas flow rate and hydrogen gas pressure to achieve the target water content.
- the control unit 68 transmits a control command to various devices based on the result of the calculation unit 67 and controls the operation so that the fuel cell 1 is in a desired water-containing state.
- the flow rate of hydrogen gas and the hydrogen gas pressure supplied to the anode electrode 24A side of the cell 2 of the fuel cell 1 are adjusted so as to satisfy predetermined limiting conditions, and the inclusion in the cell 2 of the fuel cell 1 is included. It controls the amount of water.
- This control is executed by the control unit 68 that receives a signal from the calculation unit 67, for example.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of this control example.
- the moisture state of each position in the surface of the anode electrode 24A of the hydrogen flow path 25A of the cell 2 of the fuel cell 1 is detected by the sensor S, and based on the detection result, whether or not there is a dry position in the cell 2 Is determined (step S1).
- the presence / absence of this dry position is determined, for example, based on whether or not the water content at each position of the hydrogen flow path 25A in the cell 2 exceeds a preset threshold value.
- the determination of the presence or absence of the dry position is performed continuously, intermittently, or periodically.
- the target moisture content at the dry position is determined (step S2). For example, a preset water content is used. For example, when a water content state as shown in the graph of FIG. 8 is detected and the gas inlet position of the hydrogen flow path 25A on the anode electrode (AN) 24A side is determined to be a dry position, the target content of the inlet position is determined. A water amount G is set. When there is no dry position in the hydrogen flow path 25A, the process is returned to the start.
- step S3 the hydrogen gas pressure on the anode electrode 24A side is decreased.
- This reduction in the hydrogen gas pressure is realized, for example, by increasing the output of the hydrogen pump 46 and exhausting off-gas strongly.
- the slope of the graph line indicating the water content at each position of the hydrogen flow path 25A of the cell 2 increases as shown in FIG. Thereby, the water content at the gas inlet position of the hydrogen flow path 25A approaches the target water content G.
- This decrease in hydrogen gas pressure has two limitations: ensuring a predetermined partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen flow path 25A on the anode electrode 24A side, and ensuring the exhaustability of off-gas discharged from the anode electrode 24A side. It is done so as to satisfy the conditions.
- the lower limit of the hydrogen gas pressure is set so that the partial pressure of hydrogen gas on the anode electrode 24A side does not fall below a preset threshold value (lower limit value).
- a value is defined.
- the off-gas discharge property is set so that the lower limit value of the pressure of the hydrogen gas is higher than the atmospheric pressure when the gas is discharged to the atmosphere.
- the pressure of the hydrogen gas is set to the lowest pressure within the range that satisfies the above-mentioned limiting conditions. As a result, the slope of the line in the graph of FIG.
- the hydrogen gas flow rate (volume flow rate) on the anode electrode 24A side is increased (step S4).
- the increase in the hydrogen gas flow rate is realized, for example, by increasing the output of the hydrogen pump 46 and increasing the circulation flow rate.
- the value of the graph line indicating the water content for each position of the hydrogen flow path 25A increases as a whole, and the graph line moves upward. As a result, the water content at the gas inlet position of the hydrogen flow path 25A reaches the target water content G.
- This increase in the hydrogen gas flow rate means that the power loss of the hydrogen pump 46 (the power consumption of the hydrogen pump 46) does not exceed the upper limit, and the water in which the hydrogen gas flow rate moves from the cathode electrode (CA) 24B side to the anode electrode 24A side. This is performed so as to satisfy the two restriction conditions of not exceeding the upper limit of the movement amount.
- the water transfer amount and the hydrogen gas flow rate have a relationship as shown in FIG. 11. Up to a certain value, the water transfer amount increases as the hydrogen gas flow rate increases. The amount of movement is constant. *
- the upper limit of the power loss of the hydrogen pump 46 is determined so that the current value of the hydrogen pump 46 indicating the power loss does not exceed a preset threshold value.
- the upper limit of the water movement amount is set so that the hydrogen gas flow rate does not exceed the flow rate L when the water movement amount becomes the upper limit as shown in FIG.
- the hydrogen gas flow rate may be set to the flow rate L.
- the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the anode electrode 24A side of the cell 2 of the fuel cell 1 are adjusted, and the water content in the cell 2 is appropriately adjusted so as to satisfy the predetermined restriction conditions. Can be adjusted. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, the dry position in the cell 2 is appropriately eliminated, so that, for example, power generation during high-temperature operation of the fuel cell 1 is efficiently performed.
- One of the limiting conditions is that the flow rate of hydrogen gas does not exceed the upper limit of the amount of water movement that moves from the cathode electrode 24B side to the anode electrode 24A side in the cell 2, so that it is compared with the water movement amount.
- the flow rate of hydrogen gas becomes too large, and the amount of moisture taken away in the cell 2 by the gas increases, thereby preventing the inside of the cell 2 from being dried. Thereby, the fall of the power generation efficiency resulting from the reduction
- one of the limiting conditions is to secure a predetermined partial pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the anode electrode 24A side in the cell 2, so that the partial pressure of the hydrogen gas is too low and the fuel cell 1 It can prevent that power generation amount falls.
- one of the limiting conditions is to ensure the discharge performance of the off gas discharged from the anode electrode 24A side in the cell 2, the off gas can be discharged appropriately.
- One of the limiting conditions is that the flow rate of the hydrogen gas does not exceed the flow rate that is the upper limit of the power loss of the hydrogen pump 46, so that the power loss of the hydrogen pump 46 is prevented from becoming larger than expected, and the fuel cell It can prevent that the energy efficiency of the whole system 100 deteriorates.
- the moisture content in the cell 2 is detected by the sensor S, and the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas are adjusted so that the moisture content in the cell 2 becomes the target moisture content based on the detection result. Therefore, the final adjustment of the water content in the cell 2 can be performed accurately and reliably.
- a water content state at a predetermined position in the anode electrode 24A surface of the hydrogen flow path 25A of the cell 2 is detected, and the hydrogen content at the predetermined position of the cell 2 is set to the target water content G based on the detection result. Since the gas flow rate and pressure are adjusted, the water content in the cell 2 can be adjusted more strictly.
- the control is performed so that the water content at the gas inlet position of the hydrogen flow path 25A becomes the target water content.
- the water content at the position may be controlled.
- the dry position in the cell 2 is detected and the water content in the dry position is adjusted.
- the excess water position in the cell 2 is detected, and the excess water position is detected.
- the water content may be adjusted.
- the target water content at the excess water position is first determined, then the hydrogen gas pressure on the anode electrode 24A side is increased, and finally the anode electrode 24A side
- the hydrogen gas flow rate is reduced. Further, the increase in the hydrogen gas pressure and the decrease in the hydrogen gas flow rate are performed so as to satisfy a predetermined restriction condition as in the above-described embodiment.
- the fuel cell system 100 mounted on the fuel cell vehicle has been described.
- the fuel cell system is mounted on various mobile bodies (robots, ships, aircrafts, etc.) other than the fuel cell vehicle. May be.
- the fuel cell system may be applied to a stationary power generation system used as a power generation facility for a building (house, building, etc.).
- the fuel gas is hydrogen gas, but may be other gas as long as water is generated by an electrochemical reaction during power generation.
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Abstract
Description
2 単セル
23 電解質膜
24A アノード電極
24B カソード電極
25A 水素流路
68 制御部
100 燃料電池システム
600 制御装置
Claims (14)
- 燃料電池のセル内の含水量を制御する方法であって、
燃料電池のセルのアノード電極側に供給される燃料ガスの流量と圧力を、制限条件を満たすように調整して、燃料電池のセル内の含水量を制御する、燃料電池の含水量制御方法。 - 前記制限条件は、燃料ガスの流量が、セル内のカソード電極側からアノード電極側へ移動する水移動量が上限となる流量を超えないことである、請求項1に記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- 前記制限条件は、セル内のアノード電極側に供給される燃料ガスの所定の分圧を確保することである、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- 前記制限条件は、セル内のアノード電極側から排出されるガスの排出性を確保することである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- 前記制限条件は、前記燃料電池から排出されたオフガスを処理して前記燃料電池のセル内のアノード電極に供給するためのガス循環装置の動力損失の上限を超えないことである、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- セル内の含水状態を検出し、当該検出結果に基づいて、前記セル内の含水量が目標含水量になるように前記燃料ガスの流量と圧力を調整する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- 前記セルのアノード電極側のガス流路のアノード電極面内における所定位置の含水状態を検出し、当該検出結果に基づいて、前記セルの前記所定位置の含水量が目標含水量になるように前記燃料ガスの流量と圧力を調整する、請求項6に記載の燃料電池の含水量制御方法。
- 燃料電池を有する燃料電池システムであって、
燃料電池のセルのアノード電極側に供給される燃料ガスの流量と圧力を、制限条件を満たすように調整して、燃料電池のセル内の含水量を制御する制御部を有する、燃料電池システム。 - 前記制限条件は、燃料ガスの流量が、セル内のカソード電極側からアノード電極側へ移動する水移動量が上限となる流量を超えないことである、請求項8に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記制限条件は、セル内のアノード電極側に供給されるガスの所定の分圧を確保することである、請求項8又は9に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記制限条件は、セル内のアノード電極側から排出されるガスの排出性を確保することである、請求項8~10のいずれかに記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記制限条件は、前記燃料電池から排出されたオフガスを処理して前記燃料電池のセル内のアノード電極に供給するためのガス循環装置の動力損失の上限を超えないことである、請求項8~11のいずれかに記載の燃料電池システム。
- セル内の含水状態を検出する検出部材を有し、
前記制御部は、前記検出部材による検出結果に基づいて、前記セル内の含水量が目標含水量になるように前記ガスの流量と圧力を調整する、請求項8~12のいずれかに記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記検出部材は、前記セルのアノード電極側のガス流路のアノード電極面内における所定位置の含水状態を検出し、
前記制御部は、前記検出部材による検出結果に基づいて、前記セルの前記所定位置の含水量が目標含水量になるように前記ガスの流量と圧力を調整する、請求項13に記載の燃料電池システム。
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US13/389,946 US9070914B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Method of controlling water content of fuel cell and fuel cell system |
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DE112009005151.0T DE112009005151B4 (de) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Wassergehalts einer Brennstoffzelle und ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
PCT/JP2009/064357 WO2011018856A1 (ja) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | 燃料電池の含水量制御方法及び燃料電池システム |
CN200980160931.5A CN102473942B (zh) | 2009-08-14 | 2009-08-14 | 燃料电池的含水量控制方法以及燃料电池系统 |
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US9070914B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
JP5273251B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
JPWO2011018856A1 (ja) | 2013-01-17 |
DE112009005151B4 (de) | 2018-10-18 |
US20120141899A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
CN102473942A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
CN102473942B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
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