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WO2010066067A1 - 移动通信系统中的帧汇聚方法 - Google Patents

移动通信系统中的帧汇聚方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010066067A1
WO2010066067A1 PCT/CN2008/001999 CN2008001999W WO2010066067A1 WO 2010066067 A1 WO2010066067 A1 WO 2010066067A1 CN 2008001999 W CN2008001999 W CN 2008001999W WO 2010066067 A1 WO2010066067 A1 WO 2010066067A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
frequency band
offset
time
band
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PCT/CN2008/001999
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁学俊
刘扬
段军
Original Assignee
上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司
阿尔卡特朗讯
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司, 阿尔卡特朗讯 filed Critical 上海贝尔阿尔卡特股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2008/001999 priority Critical patent/WO2010066067A1/zh
Priority to BRPI0823309-8A priority patent/BRPI0823309A2/pt
Priority to CN200880132088.5A priority patent/CN102224684B/zh
Priority to JP2011539868A priority patent/JP5345699B2/ja
Priority to EP08878667.8A priority patent/EP2378671A4/en
Priority to US13/132,584 priority patent/US20110249766A1/en
Priority to KR1020117015812A priority patent/KR20110098943A/ko
Publication of WO2010066067A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010066067A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/22Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path using time-division multiplexing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile communication technology, and in particular, to a frame aggregation method in a multi-spectral aggregation mobile communication system. Background technique
  • the Super Three Generation (B3G) mobile communication system can support up to 100M of spectral bandwidth, which may be scattered in many scattered frequency bands, and these spectrums need to be combined.
  • Spectrum aggregation techniques can now be used to solve this problem, that is, the system can transmit or receive data in multiple frequency bands simultaneously according to its actual capabilities.
  • Spectrum aggregation introduces a number of issues, such as: compatibility with single-band systems, mapping of media access layer (MAC) to physical layer (PHY), and design of frame structures.
  • MAC media access layer
  • PHY physical layer
  • the frame structure is designed to adopt the frame aggregation method, that is, the frames of each frequency band are combined in a certain manner to form a new frame structure.
  • the joint method differs depending on the duplex mode.
  • the B3G mobile communication system will support both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) duplex modes.
  • FDD uses frequency to distinguish between uplink and downlink, and its unidirectional resources are continuous in time.
  • TDD uses time to distinguish the uplink and downlink, and its unidirectional resources are discontinuous in time, which will cause the TDD system to use the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) and channel feedback technology. More complicated than FDD.
  • the average round trip delay (RTT) is longer due to the wait time between the data and the received/not received (ACK/NACK) signal transmission. Also in the channel feedback process, this time domain discontinuity will increase the interval between the feedback information and the upper fi authorization, which will adversely affect the effectiveness of the feedback information, especially for high-speed mobile users. .
  • the frame aggregation scheme in the prior art uses the synchronous superposition method, and the frames of the respective carrier frequency bands are combined in time to form a new frame structure, so that the frequency bands of the same time are combined.
  • the downstream direction is consistent, so it is called non-interlaced frame aggregation.
  • the FDD system since the resources in one direction are continuous in time, the uplink and downlink transmissions can be completed without interruption, and the scheme does not have any influence on the HARQ and channel feedback processes. However, it is not fully applicable to the TDD system.
  • the main reason is that the system can only transmit data in the same direction at the same time after convergence. It does not improve the temporal discontinuity of TDD unidirectional resources.
  • Related HARQ and channel feedback The problem still exists.
  • LTE TDD Long Term Evolution Time Division Duplex
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • Figure 1 shows the non-interlaced aggregation of LTE TDD frame structure 1.
  • one frame is 10ms, consists of 10 subframes, supports 5ms and 10ms configuration cycles, and 7 different uplink and downlink ratios.
  • five 20MHz spectrum aggregations are used to support 100MHz bandwidth transmission, black thick lines. Part of the frame structure after aggregation. As seen in Figure 1, the five bands use the LTE TDD frame structure. 1.
  • LTE TDD users can use either band for backward compatibility.
  • the uplink-downlink ratio after frame aggregation is the same as before aggregation.
  • the control information does not need to be changed, and the content of the LTE TDD standard is retained to the greatest extent.
  • FIGS. 2 and Figure 3 show the HARQ and channel quality information (CQI) feedback process of the system before and after the non-interlaced frame aggregation scheme of Figure 1.
  • CQI channel quality information
  • the uplink grant allocates uplink resources, modulation and coding methods, etc. for the user according to the latest CQI.
  • the uplink and downlink subframes are not always spaced 3 ms apart, which will cause the delay Tdelay to appear.
  • the CQI referenced by the upstream grant cannot truly reflect the user's channel status, and the feedback is outdated, especially for high-speed mobile users. It can be seen that the CQI feedback process of the TDD system before and after the frame convergence has not changed, and the delay problem has not been improved.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an interlaced frame aggregation method, that is, to reduce or even eliminate the discontinuity of the unidirectional resources in the TDD system by combining the frames of different frequency bands in time to form a new frame structure.
  • a method for combining frames on at least two frequency bands in a mobile communication system includes the steps of: For the frame on each frequency band except the first frequency band, set an offset X in the time domain relative to the frame corresponding to the previous frequency band;
  • Each frame on each frequency band except the first frequency band is transmitted in accordance with a preset offset X in the time domain relative to the corresponding frame in the previous frequency band, and then relatively offset and transmitted; as well as
  • a joint frame for data transmission in a mobile communication system consisting of at least two corresponding frames on a frequency band for joint, wherein frames other than the first frequency band , there is a preset offset X in the time domain relative to the corresponding frame on the previous band.
  • HARQ provides the possibility to reduce the delay between information feedback and uplink authorization to improve the effectiveness of the feedback information.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of non-interleaved convergence of LTE TDD frame structure 1
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the non-interlaced frame aggregation scheme of FIG. Before and after, the HARQ process of the corresponding system
  • Figure 3 shows the CQI feedback of the corresponding system before and after the non-interlaced frame aggregation scheme in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the convergence principle of the interlaced frame aggregation scheme of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a general embodiment of a frame structure merging using the interleaved frame aggregation scheme of the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows an embodiment of interlaced frame aggregation for LTE TDD frame structure 1
  • Figure 7 shows the HARQ process of the corresponding system before and after the interleaving frame aggregation scheme of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows the CQI feedback process of the corresponding system before and after the interlaced frame aggregation scheme of Figure 6.
  • the uplink/downlink resources of the TDD system are discontinuous in time, and the HARQ and channel feedback processes cannot be continuously completed by the uplink/downlink resources like the FDD system. Therefore, when designing a frame aggregation scheme for a TDD system, it is necessary to fully consider the influence of discontinuity. To reduce or eliminate the discontinuity of resources in a single direction in the time domain, it is possible to improve HARQ. It is also necessary to reduce the delay between the information feedback and the uplink authorization to improve the effectiveness of the feedback information, and at the same time, to provide sufficient uplink and downlink time configuration ratio to meet the needs of future asymmetric services.
  • the frame aggregation scheme of the TDD system is designed to maximize the content of the existing TDD standard, and to maintain compatibility with the single-band system, that is, to smoothly evolve from the existing single-band TDD system to the multi-band TDD system.
  • Frame aggregation needs to meet compatibility requirements, so that single-band TDD users can also be used in multi-band TDD systems.
  • the frame aggregation scheme proposed by the present invention still uses the same frame structure as the single-band TDD system in all frequency bands, and frames of different frequency bands are interleaved in time to form a new frame.
  • the frame structure is such that data of different directions can be transmitted in each frequency band at the same time, and thus can be called interlaced frame convergence.
  • the detailed process of the interlaced frame aggregation of the present invention can be referred to FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • the duration of one frame in a single-band TDD system is Tms.
  • the frames of all frequency bands are transmitted with relative offset Xms in sequence. If the nth frame of the first frequency band is transmitted at t+T time and ends at t+2T time, then the nth of the second frequency band Frames are delayed by Xms, transmitted at t+T+X, ending at t+2T+X, and the nth frame of the third band should be transmitted at t+T+2X, at t+2T+2X End.
  • the frame structure after convergence is shown in Figure 5.
  • N the number of slots and P is the length of a slot.
  • the uplink time slot in the gray part of FIG. 5 is taken as an example.
  • the same principle applies to other time slots.
  • two uplink time slots are separated by N*Pms in a single frequency band, which means that if A single-band user operating in the two-band mode misses an ACK/NACK signal or CQI feedback transmission at t+T, then it must wait for N*Pms before it can be transmitted.
  • the frames of each frequency band are relatively offset by ns in turn. From the whole frequency domain, at the time t+T, there is an uplink time slot on the second frequency band, at t+ At the time of T+X, there is an uplink time slot on the third frequency band, and at the time t+T+2X, there is an uplink time slot on the first frequency band.
  • T+T At the time of T+X, there is an uplink time slot on the third frequency band, and at the time t+T+2X, there is an uplink time slot on the first frequency band.
  • the performance of interlaced frame aggregation depends on the value of X.
  • the best X value should be such that the unidirectional resources in the TDD system are distributed throughout the configuration cycle.
  • the offset of the inter-band frame takes a time slot length, which can completely eliminate the discontinuity of the unidirectional resource in the time domain.
  • M ⁇ N X should be [ /M]*P, [.] means rounded off and taking an integer.
  • M ⁇ the interleaving frame aggregation may completely eliminate the unidirectional resources.
  • the discontinuity of the time domain depends on the specific frame structure. However, regardless of the specific situation, the interlaced frame aggregation scheme can at least shorten the time interval of the unidirectional resources.
  • interlaced frame aggregation scheme of the present invention by taking the aggregation of the LTE TDD frame structure 1 of the five carrier frequency bands as an example.
  • the interlaced frame aggregation scheme proposed by the present invention is equally applicable to other different frame structures and different spectrum aggregation scenarios.
  • the specific interlaced frame aggregation process is shown in Figure 6.
  • the LTE TDD frame structure is used in all frequency bands, and the frames on the adjacent frequency bands are offset by 1 ms in sequence. Each frequency band supports LTE TDD users.
  • the uplink-to-down ratio after frame aggregation remains unchanged, and it is still two or two. Therefore, the 3-bit information in LTE TDD can be used to indicate the uplink-to-down ratio of the system without modification.
  • Twait Oins.
  • the CQI feedback process of the corresponding system can be referred to FIG. 8.
  • the uplink resource, the modulation and coding mode, and the like are allocated to the user according to the effective CQI.
  • the shorter the time between the CQI feedback and the uplink grant, the more accurately the CQI can accurately reflect the channel state of the user. It is assumed that the time at which the base station processes the CQI is Te n b 3 ms.
  • Tdelay between the CQI feedback and the uplink grant.
  • the uplink grant decision is transmitted on the first frequency band, and the CQI fed back through the third frequency band can be used. There is no uplink resource in this frequency band, and the CQI feedback can be completed by "jumping" to the frequency band with uplink resources, thereby eliminating the delay time Tdday, so that the base station can perform scheduling according to the latest CQI.
  • the interlaced frame aggregation scheme can spread the special time slots in the LTE TDD frame structure 1 to various moments.
  • the special time slot consists of three parts: UpPTS, DownPTS and GP, where DownPTS contains the synchronization signal.
  • UpPTS contains the synchronization signal.
  • each cell search is separated by 5ms.
  • the synchronization signal is continuous in time. The user can continuously search for synchronization signals of different frequency bands, which shortens the time for the mobile terminal to access the network. The same applies to random access signals in UpPTS.
  • the interlaced frame aggregation scheme of the present invention uses the existing frame structure of the single-band TDD system in each frequency band, and has backward compatibility. At the same time, the same frame structure is adopted in each frequency band, and the uplink/downlink configuration after frame aggregation is consistent with that of the single-band TDD system, so there is no need to change control information, and it can basically meet the needs of future asymmetric services.
  • the interlaced frame aggregation scheme of the present invention can allow the HARQ process to be in multiple frequency bands.
  • the "jump" is performed to reduce the waiting time of the ACK/NACK signal.
  • the interleaved frame aggregation scheme of the present invention can allow the channel feedback process to "jump" between multiple frequency bands, thereby reducing the time interval between uplink grant and channel feedback.
  • the prior art non-interlaced convergence can be regarded as a special case when the X value is zero in the interleaving aggregation scheme of the present invention. Therefore, the frame aggregation scheme in the TDD and FDD modes can be unified in practical applications. Moreover, with the development of the hardware level, the hardware processing speed of the base station and the user terminal equipment will be faster and faster, and the processing time will be gradually reduced. For the HARQ and channel feedback processes, the influence of the waiting time and the delay time will become more serious, and The superiority of the interlaced frame aggregation scheme of the present invention is also more obvious.

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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

移动通信系统中的帧汇聚方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种移动通信技术, 尤其涉及一种多频谱聚合移动通信系统中 的帧汇聚方法。 背景技术
超三代(B3G)移动通信系统可支持高达 100M的频谱带宽,这些频谱可能 分散在很多的零散频段里,需要将这些频谱集合起来使用。 目前可以利用频谱聚 ·合技术来解决这一问题,即系统可根据自己的实际能力同时在多个频段上发送或 接收数据。频谱聚合会带来一系列的问题, 比如: 与单频段系统的兼容性, 媒体 接入层 (MAC) 到物理层 (PHY) 的映射, 以及帧结构的设计等等。
其中, 帧结构的设计拟采用帧汇聚方法, 就是将各个频段的帧按照某种方 式联合起来组成新的帧结构。 联合方式根据双工方式的不同而有所区别。 B3G 移动通信系统将支持频分双工(FDD)和时分双工(TDD )两种双工方式。 FDD 采用频率来区分上、 下行链路, 其单方向的资源在时间上是连续的。 而 TDD釆 用时间来区分上、 下行链路, 其单方向的资源在时间上是不连续的, 这将导致 TDD 系统在使用混合自动重传请求(HARQ) 和信道反馈技术时, 实现过程要 比 FDD更加复杂。在 HARQ过程中, 由于在数据与收到 /未收到 (ACK/NACK) 信号传输之间将出现等待时间, 使得平均往返时延(RTT)更长。 同样在信道反 馈过程中,这种时域的非连续性会造成反馈信息与上 fi授权之间的间隔增大,对 反馈信息的有效性产生不利影响, 尤其是对高速移动用户的影响更大。
产生上述问题的具体原因是由于现有技术中的帧汇聚方案釆用的是同步叠 加的方式, 各个载波频段的帧在时间上同步后联合组成新的帧结构, 这样, 同一 时刻各个频段的上 /下行方向是一致的,因此称为非交错帧汇聚。对于 FDD系统, 由于单方向的资源在时间上是连续的,可以不间断的完成上行和下行传输,该方 案不会对 HARQ和信道反馈过程有任何影响。但对于 TDD系统,并不完全适用, 主要是因为汇聚后,同一时刻系统仍然只能传输同一方向的数据,并未改善 TDD 单方向的资源在时间上的非连续性, 相关的 HARQ和信道反馈问题依然存在。 下面以第三代合作伙伴计划 (3GPP) 中的长期演进时分双工 (LTE TDD) 为例 详细说明非交错帧汇聚存在的问题。
图 1所示为 LTE TDD帧结构 1的非交错汇聚。 LTE TDD系统中一帧为 10ms, 由 10个子帧组成, 支持 5ms和 10ms两种配置周期, 7种不同的上下行比例, 图 中以五个 20MHz频谱聚合来支持 100MHz带宽的传输, 黑色粗线部分为汇聚后 的帧结构。 从图 1中看出, 五个频段均釆用 LTE TDD帧结构 1, LTE TDD用户 可以使用任一频段, 具备后向兼容性。帧汇聚后的上下行比例与汇聚前相同, 控 制信息无需改动, 最大程度上保留了 LTE TDD标准的内容。
图 2、 图 3所示分别为采用图 1的非交错帧汇聚方案前后, 系统的 HARQ 和信道质量信息(CQI)反馈过程。对于 HARQ过程, 如图 2灰色部分所示, 帧 汇聚前后并没有变化。 首先是基站发送数据, 再经过 Tue=3niS处理时间后, 用 户本来应该发送 ACK/ ACK信号, 但是经过 3ms处理时间后, 所有频段上的时 隙均为下行资源,必须再等待 TWait=3ms后时隙为上行资源时才能发送。用户发 送 ACK7NACK信号后, 基站再经过 Tenb=3ms处理时间确认, 整个 HARQ过程 耗费 llms。 可见, TDD系统在帧汇聚前后的 HARQ过程没有变化, 与 FDD的 HARQ过程耗时 8ms相比, 其 RTT更长且等待时间所占比重较大。
类似的道理也适用于 CQI反馈时的情况。 如图 3灰色部分所示, 上行授权 根据最新的 CQI 为用户分配上行资源, 调制编码方式等, 基站处理时间为 Tenb=3ms, 因此从理论上说, CQI反馈到上行授权的时间也应以 3ms为佳。 但 在 LTE TDD帧结构中, 上下行子帧并不总是间隔 3ms, 这将导致延时 Tdelay的 出现。 随着 Tdelay的增大, 上行授权所参考的 CQI已经不能真实反映用户的信 道状态, 反馈出现了过时现象, 尤其是对高速移动的用户。 可见, TDD系统在 帧汇聚前后的 CQI反馈过程没有变化, 延时问题没有得到改善。
对于其他的 TDD移动宽带系统而言, 上述的这些问题同样存在。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提出一种交错帧汇聚方法, 即通过使不同频段的帧在 时间上交错后联合组成新的帧结构, 来减弱甚至消除 TDD系统单方向资源在时 域的非连续性。
按照本发明的一种用于移动通信系统中、 联合至少两个频段上的帧的方法, 包括步骤: 为除第一个频段外每个频段上的帧,设定一个相对于其前一个频段±相对应 的帧在时域上的偏移量 X;
将除第一个频段外每个频段上的每个帧按照所述偏移量 X依次相对偏移后 传输; 以及
合并所有用于联合的频段上相对应的帧,从而组成新的帧用于数据的接收和 发送。 按照本发明的一种在移动通信系统中联合至少两个频段上的帧进行数据传 输的方法, 该方法包括步骤:
将除第一个频段外每个频段上的每个帧, 按照一个预设的、相对于其前一个 频段上对应的帧在时域上的固定偏移量 X, 依次相对偏移后传输; 以及
当一个频段上的一个时隙无法用于某个方向的数据传输时,利用其他频段在 时域上最近的、 并可用于该方向传输的一个时隙进行数据传输。 按照本发明的一种用于移动通信系统中的进行数据传输的联合帧,由至少两 个用于联合的频段上的对应的帧组成, 其中除第一个频段外其他每个频段上的 帧, 相对于其前一个频段上相对应的帧在时域上的存在一个预设的偏移量 X。 从整个频域上看, 本发明交错帧汇聚方案中, 单方向的资源被交错分散到 各个时隙, 这样便可减弱甚至消除单方向资源在时域的非连续性, 从而为改进
HARQ提供可能,还能减小信息反馈与上行授权之间的延迟时间, 以提髙反馈信 息的有效性。
通过参考以下结合附图的说明以及权利要求书中的内容, 并且随着对本发 明的更全面的理解, 本发明的其他目的及效果将变得更加清楚和易于理解。 附图说明
现在结合附图对本发明进行更详细的描述, 其中- 图 1示出了对 LTE TDD帧结构 1进行非交错汇聚的一个实施例; 图 2示出了釆用图 1中的非交错帧汇聚方案前后,相应系统的 HARQ过程; 图 3示出了采用图 1中的非交错帧汇聚方案前后, 相应系统的 CQI反馈过 程;
图 4示出了本发明交错帧汇聚方案的汇聚原理示意图;
图 5示出了利用本发明交错帧汇聚方案所汇聚成的帧结构的一个通用实施 例;
图 6示出了对 LTE TDD帧结构 1进行交错帧汇聚的一个实施例; 图 7示出了采用图 6中的交错帧汇聚方案前后, 相应系统的 HARQ过程; 以及
图 8示出了采用图 6中的交错帧汇聚方案前后, 相应系统的 CQI反馈过程。 具体实施方式
与 FDD不同的是, TDD系统上 /下行资源在时间上是非连续的,无法像 FDD 系统一样依靠上 /下行资源连续的完成 HARQ和信道反馈过程。因此在针对 TDD 系统设计帧汇聚方案时,需要充分考虑非连续性的影响,要减弱或消除单方向的 资源在时域的非连续性, 才能为改进 HARQ提供可能。 还要减小信息反馈与上 行授权之间的延迟时间, 以提高反馈信息的有效性, 同时通过提供充足的上下行 时间配置比, 满足未来非对称业务的需求。
另外, TDD系统的帧汇聚方案设计要最大限度地保留已有 TDD标准的内 容, 还要保持与单频段系统的兼容性, 即为了从已有的单频段 TDD系统平滑演 进到多频段 TDD系统,帧汇聚需要满足兼容性的要求,使单频段 TDD用户也可 以在多频段 TDD系统中使用。
综合考虑以上要素, 并结合 TDD系统的特点, 本发明所提出的帧汇聚方案 在所有频段上仍釆用与单频段 TDD系统相同的帧结构, 不同频段的帧在时间上 交错后联合组成新的帧结构, 这样, 在同一时刻, 各个频段上可以传输不同方向 的数据, 因此可称为交错帧汇聚。本发明交错帧汇聚的详细过程可参考图 4和图 5所示。
如图 4所示, 假设单频段 TDD系统中一帧的持续时间为 Tms。 当使用交错 帧汇聚时, 所有频段的帧要依次相对偏移 Xms后传输, 如果第一频段的第 n个 帧在 t+T时刻传输, 在 t+2T时刻结束, 那么第二频段的第 n个帧要延迟 Xms, 在 t+T+X时刻传输,在 t+2T+X时刻结束,而第三频段的第 n个帧应该在 t+T+2X 时刻传输, 在 t+2T+2X时刻结束。依次类推, 当有 M个频段聚合时, 第 M频段 的第 n个帧将在 t+T+ (M-l)X时刻传输, 在 t+2T+(M-l)X时刻结束。 这样叠加 起来组成新的帧结构, 如图 4中黑色粗线部分所示。
汇聚后的帧结构如图 5所示。 假设上下行配置周期为 N*Pms, 其中 N为时 隙数, P为一个时隙长度。仅以图 5中灰色部分的上行时隙为例, 当然同样的道 理也适用于其他时隙, 在帧汇聚前, 单个频段上两个上行时隙间隔 N*Pms, 这 意味着, 如果在第二频段工作的单频段用户在 t+T时刻错过了一次 ACK/NACK 信号或 CQI反馈的传输, 那么就必须等待 N*Pms后才能再传输。 而在应用了本 发明的交错帧汇聚之后, 每个频段的帧都依次相对偏移了 ns, 从整个频域来 看, 在 t+T时刻, 第二频段上有上行时隙, 在 t+T+X时刻, 第三频段上有上行 时隙, 在 t+T+2X时刻, 第一频段上有上行时隙。也就是说, 对于可以同时工作 在多个频段的用户来讲,如果 t+T时刻在第二频段上错过了 ACK/NACK信号或 CQI反馈的传输, 那么只需要等待 Xms便可利用第三频段的上行资源进行再传 输, 这便是交错帧汇聚带来的效果。
可以看出, 交错帧汇聚的性能取决于 X的数值。 最佳的 X值应该使 TDD 系统中单方向资源均勾的分布到整个配置周期。 当 M>N时, X=P, 频段间帧的 偏移取一个时隙长度,这样可以彻底消除单方向资源在时域的非连续性。当 M≤N 时, X应为 [ /M]*P, [.]表示四舍五入后取整数。 此时的情况比较复杂, 这是因 为在实际的帧结构中,一个配置周期内可能有多个上行或下行时隙,所以在 M≤ 的情况下,交错帧汇聚也有可能彻底消除单方向资源在时域的非连续性,这要根 据具体的帧结构而定。但无论具体情况怎样,交错帧汇聚方案至少可以縮短单方 向资源在时间上的间隔。
下面仍以五个载波频段的 LTE TDD帧结构 1的汇聚为例, 介绍本发明交错 帧汇聚方案的一种具体实施方式。当然,基于相同原理, 本发明提出的交错帧汇 聚方案也同样适用于其它不同的帧结构和不同的频谱聚合的情况。
图 6所示的 LTE TDD帧结构 1中一个上下行配置周期为 5ms, 包含 5个传 输子帧, 因此 X=5*l/5=lms。具体的交错帧汇聚过程如图 6所示, 所有频段上均 釆用 LTE TDD帧结构 1, 相邻频段上的帧都依次偏移 1ms进行汇聚。 每个频段 都支持 LTE TDD用户, 帧汇聚后的上下行比也保持不变, 仍为两上两下, 因此 可延用 LTE TDD中的 3比特信息表示系统的上下行比, 无需改动。
对于采用交错帧汇聚方案前后,相应系统的 HARQ过程可以参照图 7所示。 可以看出, 帧汇聚前,下行 HARQ过程的 RTT包含基站处理时间 Tenb=3ms,用 户处理时间 Tue=3ms, 等待时间 Twait=3ms和传输时间 2ms。帧汇聚后, 当下行 HARQ过程中需要用户传输 ACK/NACK信号时,如果本频段没有上行资源可用, 则可以 "跳跃"到有上行资源的频段上传输 ACK/NACK信号,而无需等待时间, Twait=Oins。
同样的, 对于采用交错帧汇聚方案前后, 相应系统的 CQI反馈过程可以参 照图 8所示。 基站做出上行授权决定之前, 要根据有效的 CQI为用户分配上行 资源, 调制编码方式等, CQI反馈与上行授权之间的时间越短, CQI越能准确反 映用户的信道状态。 假设基站处理 CQI的时间为 Tenb=3ms。 采用交错帧汇聚方 案之前, CQI反馈到上行授权之间存在延迟时间 Tdelay。而采用交错帧汇聚方案 之后,在第一个频段上传输上行授权决定,可以使用通过第三个频段反馈的 CQI。 本频段没有上行资源, 可以 "跳跃"到有上行资源的频段来完成 CQI反馈, 从 而消除了延迟时间 Tdday, 使得基站可以根据最新的 CQI进行调度。
可以看出, 实施交错帧汇聚方案后的 HARQ和 CQI反馈过程都 "跳跃"在 多个频段之间。 出于复杂度的考虑, 也可以对这样的 "跳跃"加以限制, 比如采 用频段绑定的方式来限制"跳跃", "跳跃 "只能发生在具有绑定关系的频段之间。 具体如何绑定则可以根据最小化等待时间 Twait或延迟时间 Tdday来设计。
此外, 交错帧汇聚方案可将 LTE TDD帧结构 1中的特殊时隙分散到各个时 刻。特殊时隙由 UpPTS, DownPTS 和 GP三个部分组成, 其中 DownPTS包含同 步信号。 在帧汇聚前, 每次小区搜索要间隔 5ms, 而在帧汇聚后, 同步信号在时 间上是连续的,用户可以连续搜索不同频段的同步信号,缩短了移动终端接入网 络的时间。 同样的道理也适用于 UpPTS中的随机接入信号。
通过上面的描述可知, 本发明交错帧汇聚方案各个频段上均釆用单频段 TDD系统已有的帧结构, 具备了后向兼容性。 同时,.各个频段上均采用相同的 帧结构, 帧汇聚后的上 /下行配置与单频段 TDD系统的保持一致, 因此无需改变 控制信息, 并且能基本满足未来非对称业务的需求。
而从整个频域上看, 单方向的资源被交错分散到各个时隙, 这样便可减弱 甚至消除单方向资源在时域的非连续性。 对于多频段工作的 TDD系统而言, 在 每个时刻都提供了传输上下行数据的可能。
对于 HARQ过程,本发明交错帧汇聚方案可以允许 HARQ过程在多个频段 间 "跳跃"地进行, 从而能减小 ACK/NACK信号的等待时间。
同样, 对于信道反馈, 本发明的交错帧汇聚方案可以允许信道反馈过程在 多个频段间 "跳跃", 从而能缩短上行授权与信道反馈间的时间间隔。
另外, 现有技术的非交错汇聚可以看作是本发明交错汇聚方案中 X值为零 时的一个特例, 因此,在实际应用中可以将 TDD和 FDD模式下的帧汇聚方案统 一起来。而且随着硬件水平的发展,基站和用户终端设备的硬件处理速度将越来 越快, 处理时间会逐步减少, 对于 HARQ和信道反馈过程来说, 等待和延迟时 间的影响将越发显得严重, 而本发明交错帧汇聚方案的优越性也会更加明显。 应当注意的是, 上述实施例用于说明、而非限制本发明, 并且, 在不脱离所 附权利要求的保护范围的前提下,本领域技术人员应当理解,对上述本发明所公 开的用于移动通信系统的帧汇聚方案,还可以在不脱离本发明内容的基础上做出 各种改进。因此,本发明的保护范围应当由所附的权利要求书的内容确定。此外, 不应当将权利要求中的任何参考标记解释为限制权利要求的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种用于移动通信系统中、联合至少两个频段上的帧的方法, 包括步骤: 为除第一个频段外每个频段上的帧,设定一个相对于其前一个频段上相对应 的帧在时域上的偏移量 X;
将除第一个频段外每个频段上的每个帧按照所述偏移量 X依次相对偏移后 传输; 以及
合并所有用于联合的频段上相对应的帧,从而组成新的帧用于数据的接收和 发送。
2、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M大于每个帧中的 时隙数 N时, 将所述偏移量 X设定为一个时隙的长度?。
3、如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M小于等于每 个帧中的时隙数 N时,将所述偏移量 X设定为一个时隙的长度 P的 [N/M]倍,其 中 [.]表示四舍五入后取整数。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的方法, 其中所述移动通信系统为多频段时分双工系 统。
5、 一种在移动通信系统中联合至少两个频段上的帧进行数据传输的方法, 该方法包括步骤:
将除第一个频段外每个频段上的每个帧, 按照一个预设的、相对于其前一个 频段上对应的帧在时域上的固定偏移量 X, 依次相对偏移后传输; 以及
当一个频段上的一个时隙无法用于某个方向的数据传输时,利用其他频段在 时域上最近的、 并可用于该方向传输的一个时隙进行数据传输。
6、如权利要求 5所述的方法, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M大于每个帧中的 时隙数 N时, 所述偏移量 X等于一个时隙的长度 P。
7、如权利要求 5或 6所述的方法, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M小于等于每 个帧中的时隙数 N时, 所述偏移量 X为一个时隙的长度 P的 [N/M]倍, 其中 [.] 表示四舍五入后取整数。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中所述移动通信系统为多频段时分双工系 统。
9、 一种用于移动通信系统中的进行数据传输的联合帧, 由至少两个用于联 合的频段上的对应的帧组成,其中除第一个频段外其他每个频段上的帧,相对于 其前一个频段上相对应的帧在时域上的存在一个预设的偏移量 X。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的联合帧, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M大于每个帧 中的时隙数 N时, 所述偏移量 X等于一个时隙的长度 P。
11、 如权利要求 9或 10所述的联合帧, 其中当用于联合的频段数 M小于等 于每个帧中的时隙数 N时,所述偏移量 X为一个时隙的长度 P的 [N M]倍,其中 [.]表示四舍五入后取整数。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的联合帧, 其中所述移动通信系统为多频段时分双 工系统。
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