WO2010055189A1 - Sistema de control de presión y temperatura de al menos un reactor químico - Google Patents
Sistema de control de presión y temperatura de al menos un reactor químico Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010055189A1 WO2010055189A1 PCT/ES2009/070502 ES2009070502W WO2010055189A1 WO 2010055189 A1 WO2010055189 A1 WO 2010055189A1 ES 2009070502 W ES2009070502 W ES 2009070502W WO 2010055189 A1 WO2010055189 A1 WO 2010055189A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- pressure
- biomass
- control system
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 sands Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/008—Controlling or regulating of liquefaction processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
- C10L9/086—Hydrothermal carbonization
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
- B01J2219/00063—Temperature measurement of the reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00065—Pressure measurement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/00123—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling adding a temperature modifying medium to the reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/00128—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling by evaporation of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/0013—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling by condensation of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00162—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00182—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the level of reactants in the reactor vessel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/80—Additives
- C10G2300/805—Water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Definitions
- the scope of the present invention is a new system for controlling pressure and temperature of a reactor or a set of chemical reactors that contain an aqueous solution in its interior at a temperature close to its evaporation temperature at the pressure of the process .
- Said control system is based, fundamentally, on a set of equipment in which the process water itself is used for the cooling and stabilization of the temperature along the reactor or set of reactors of the system.
- a preferred embodiment of this invention is directed to the process of hydrothermal carbonization, hereinafter referred to as the HTC process (from English, Hydrothermal Carbonization).
- biomass is understood as the biodegradable organic fraction present in products of diverse origins such as, for example, municipal waste or derived from agricultural or forestry industries.
- main alternatives that exist for its energy use include its use as a starting material for the production of fuels for transport, as well as its use as a source of heat and electricity.
- This HTC process basically consists of submitting to an aqueous solution of biomass, in the presence of a catalyst, at temperatures of about 180 0 C to 210 0 C and pressures of 10 to 19 bar obtained, after about 4 to 24 hours, a product with a structure similar to coal. Once activated, it is a spontaneous and exothermic process that releases, taking advantage of the high thermodynamic stability of water, up to a third of the energy stored in the biomass in the form of carbohydrates.
- the biomass is introduced in an autoclave where it is subjected to a pressure treatment and high temperatures, in the presence of water. Once the time required for its transformation has elapsed, the reactor is allowed to cool and is opened to extract the final product of the reaction.
- the present invention is mainly directed to a new system for controlling the pressure and temperature of a reactor or a set of chemical reactors based, fundamentally, on a set of equipment in which the process water itself is used for the cooling of the system.
- This system very simple, it is possible to control the temperature and pressure of the reactor or reactors without the need to use mobile devices or heat exchange surfaces inside, which often have the disadvantage of accumulating unwanted deposits on their surface. after a certain time of operation.
- the elimination of said mobile devices will represent an important saving in terms of the cost and time required for cleaning and maintenance.
- the fact of having heat exchange surfaces inside the reactor or reactors of the system implies that temperature gradients are generated between the refrigerant and the reaction medium, thereby making it difficult to control the temperature of the reactor. process.
- the present invention allows solving this problem, thanks to the use of the process water itself to reduce the temperature of the reactor or reactors, thus achieving to keep the temperature of the aqueous solution in its interior uniform.
- by offering the possibility of taking advantage of the latent heat of water evaporation it allows to achieve a large cooling capacity of the system, as well as a good stability of the required pressure and temperature conditions.
- a further advantage of the present invention is the possibility of recovering part of the enthalpy of the steam generated during the reaction, preferably by using a steam turbine and / or by condensing it in a heat exchanger, thus being able to take advantage of the heat released in said equipment for its use in other processes or thermal applications.
- an additional part of the generated steam can be used to preheat the raw material fed to the process, both by direct injection to said raw material, and indirectly through a heat exchanger.
- the control system presented can be applied to various types of reactors and processes, it is preferably directed to the HTC process, whether it is carried out in continuous type reactors or if it is carried out in discontinuous type reactors. It will be, therefore, a further object of this invention a pressure and temperature control system especially suitable for application in an HTC process, as well as the use of this system for the control of the pressure and temperature of an HTC process .
- the present invention relates to a system for controlling temperature and pressure of at least one chemical reactor, characterized in that it comprises at least the following devices: a) a tank with at least one regulating device pressure (hereinafter, pressure regulation tank); b) a connecting conduit between the reactor or the chemical reactors and the pressure regulating tank; c) a device for injecting condensates into the reactor or reactors of the system.
- a regulating device pressure hereinafter, pressure regulation tank
- the pressure regulating tank (a) consists of a tank (1) independent of the reactor which comprises at least one gas and / or vapor inlet (2) located, preferably, in the lower part of the tank, immersed in the tank. condensate zone. Also, the tank comprises at least one inlet (3) and at least one outlet (4) of condensates as well as, located in its upper part, at least one outlet of steam and / or gases (5) with at least one pressure regulation device.
- This pressure regulating device consists, in its preferred embodiment, in a pressure regulation valve, which is responsible for controlling the pressure of the tank continuously, depending on the value indicated by a pressure sensor located in the same tank or in your exit conduit.
- the pressure of said pressure regulating device will be adjusted according to the pressure required for the process and, in turn, its set value will be adjusted to the value resulting from subtracting the pressure required for the process, the pressure of the water column corresponding to the condensate level inside the pressure regulating tank.
- This setpoint value can be adjusted electronically, in the case of incorporating an electronic regulator, or manually, in the case of being a mechanical device.
- the tank in a preferred embodiment of the tank, it will be equipped, at its top, with at least one device selected from a group consisting of: an additional pressure regulating valve, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a level probe, a deaerator, a vacuum breaker and a safety valve, as well as any combination of the above. Also, you can have, in the condensate area, an additional temperature probe.
- the temperature in the condenser or condensers will be at least 20 0 C and preferably 50 0 C lower than the process temperature.
- At least one steam turbine (8) can be used to take advantage of part of the enthalpy of the steam and / or gases generated during the process in the generation of electric power.
- the operating temperature of the condenser or condensers will be as close as possible to the ambient temperature, thus achieving a better performance of the turbine or steam turbines.
- part of the excess steam generated during the reaction may be used in the initial phase of heating the process.
- the steam will be injected directly and preferably in that reactor which is in its initial heating phase. If, in another way, the process is carried out continuously, the steam may be used for heating the aqueous mixture of biomass fed to the reactor, preferably through a heat exchange surface.
- the condensed steam is directed to at least one storage tank (9), pressurized or atmospheric, from where the condensates are transported and reinjected to the pressure regulation tank (1) at the moment when in this the predetermined minimum level of said condensates is reached.
- the condensate purge valve in the case of exceeding its maximum level, it will proceed to the evacuation of the same, through a condensate purge valve, until achieving again a value that is within the range of level that has been established. .
- it will be possible to always maintain the volume of condensates in the deposit between a minimum level and a level maximum, approximately between 50 and 90% and, preferably, between 60 and 80% of its total volume.
- One of the main objects of the pressure regulation tank presented (1) will be, precisely, the control of the pressure of the reactor or reactors of the installation (10), (11) and
- This connecting conduit (13) will be designed to be of sufficient size to evacuate the maximum amount of gases and / or water vapor from the top of the reactor or reactors to the pressure regulating tank (1).
- said connecting conduit (13) will be additionally equipped with at least one shut-off valve designed to open slowly once the minimum pressure required for the process has been reached.
- Said valve can suppose a considerable saving of the energy consumed in the system by allowing the use of part of the generated steam to facilitate the starting of the process carried out in a single reaction equipment.
- it will be necessary to have a cut-off valve between each reactor and said regulating tank (1), so that disconnection is possible individual of each one of them.
- this temperature will be between 170 0 C and 230 0 C, preferably between 179.8 and 219, 6 0 C and more preferably between 191.6 and 209.8 0 C, thus favoring the continuity of the carbonization to avoid undesired interruptions in the process as a result of the need to adjust the lower temperature of the water injected into the reactor.
- the injection to the reactor or reactors of the condensates coming from the regulating tank (1) is carried out through the condensate injection device (c), located around the side wall and in the lower part of each reactor.
- This injection device can comprise one or more injection ports, through which the condensates coming from the pressure regulation tank (1) are introduced at different points of the equipment.
- the amount of condensates fed to the reactor or reactors will be a function of the level control of the reactor itself (s), being at least that necessary to maintain a stable amount of aqueous solution therein.
- the reactor or reactors will be further equipped, at its top, with at least one device selected from a group consisting of: a safety valve, a pressure probe, a probe temperature, a filling level probe, an air and gas eliminator and a vacuum breaker, as well as any combination of the above.
- the reactor or set of reactors (10), (11) and (12), the connecting duct (13) and the regulating tank of pressure (1) will be thermally insulated from the outside, preferably by rock wool and aluminum sheet.
- a steam injection device which consists of one or more inputs to carry out the steam injection to the reactor or reactors, preferably, during its cold start.
- the steam used can come either from an external source, preferably a steam boiler (15), or from the same pressure regulating tank (1) in case the system is running at rated speed and the tank is being fed by other reactors so that their pressure is higher than that of the reactor in the start phase.
- the amount injected will be necessary to reach a temperature of at least 170 0 C, preferably 180 0 C and more preferably at least 195 ° C.
- Figure 1 shows a diagram of the control and pressure system applied to a set of reactors.
- Figure 2 represents the application of the temperature and pressure control system to a continuously operating reactor of the HTC process.
- Reactor 2 12.
- Reactor 3 Connecting duct between the reactor and the pressure regulation equipment
- said system will additionally comprise at least one of the following equipment:
- the pressurization equipment consists of a device to compress the mixture of at least biomass, catalyst and process water (16), until reaching the necessary pressure to, on the one hand, overcome the pressure inside the reactor and the back pressure created in the supply pipe to the reactor and, on the other hand, to avoid the recoil of the material and possible leaks of the process water.
- This equipment consists, preferably, of at least one gate valve and / or a pressure pump and, more preferably, at least one piston-type pump or membrane, designed to work both continuously and at short intervals of time. time, thereby allowing the carbonization operation to be carried out continuously.
- the preheating equipment (17) consists of at least one heat exchanger, preferably a double-walled pressurized tube, in whose inner part the mixture of at least biomass, catalyst and process water is transported and, on the outside, the fluid for the supply of heat.
- This fluid will preferably consist of thermal oil, water or water vapor, more preferably, of water vapor.
- the source of said steam can be both an external source, preferably a boiler (19), and the steam from the process itself fed through a compressor.
- the transport speed of the mixture of biomass and process water along the preheating tube is controlled by the pressurization equipment and its diameter is designed in such a way that the residence time of the mixture in the same is about 20 to 60 minutes, preferably 30 to 40 minutes, and the resulting temperature at its output rises at least 170 0 C, preferably above 175 ° C and more preferably 0 to 180 C. over
- said reactor preferably consists of a pressurized deposit where part or all of the chemical process of carbonization takes place.
- Said reactor is characterized by allowing a continuous supply or at regular intervals of biomass, as well as a continuous extraction, or at regular intervals, of the transformed material without, on the other hand, changing the temperature or the pressure of its interior.
- the reactor consists of at least four different zones: a rising tube, a gas zone, a polymerization zone and a maturation zone: i.
- the rising tube is the extension of the preheating tube and occupies the central area of the reactor from the bottom to approximately 50 to 80% of the height of the reactor, preferably from 60 to 70%. ii.
- the reactor has a tube, in its upper part, which allows it to communicate with the pressure regulation tank (21), reservoir through which the reactor pressure is controlled. Through this connecting tube it is possible to evacuate the steam generated by the exothermic nature of the HTC process, together with the air dissolved in the process water or the gases released by the decomposition of the biomass.
- the reactor may be equipped, at its top, with at least one device selected from a group consisting of: a safety valve, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a fill level probe, a scavenger of air and gases and a vacuum breaker, as well as any combination of the above.
- a safety valve a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a fill level probe, a scavenger of air and gases and a vacuum breaker, as well as any combination of the above.
- the residence time of the biomass in this area depends only on its density and thermal activity and, therefore, on the state of progress of the HTC process. In this way, a certain variation is allowed for the different compounds of the mixture, which, after this time, will descend towards the maturation zone, v.
- the maturation zone is located in the lower part of the cylindrical reactor, after the polymerization zone and around the riser tube. Optionally, it could also be located in external areas of the reactor, in case of facilitating the same conditions of thermal stability as in said equipment. saw.
- one or more inputs are located to carry out steam injection (20) during cold start or in case of possible thermal deficiencies inside. vii.
- One or several inputs for the condensate injection are also distributed on the side wall of the reactor. Their purpose is to homogenize the temperature of the reactor, as well as to compensate the evaporated water due to the exothermic character of the HTC process. viii.
- the reactor in order to control the operating temperature and to avoid uncontrolled losses of heat towards the outside, the reactor will be thermally insulated, preferably by means of rock wool and external finishing of aluminum sheet.
- the cooling equipment is located behind the reactor, which preferably comprises one or more tubes in parallel that contain inside the hot and pressurized mixture coming from the reactor and, on the outside, a cooling fluid that can be thermal oil or pressurized water, preferably thermal oil, which is responsible for cooling said mixture to the set temperature as an objective
- This equipment comprises, preferably, two gates or valves arranged in series, which must be able to operate in the conditions to which the process is carried out. Additionally, a 'flash' deposit can be placed in the middle of the two gates or valves, in order to better absorb the blows of opening them.
- a method of controlling pressure and temperature of a reactor where an HTC process is carried out characterized by comprising at least the following steps: a) pressurization of an aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst up to a pressure of at least 10 bar; b) the preheating of the aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst, in order to reach a temperature between
- this method may also comprise a stage of pretreatment of the biomass, prior to feeding it to the system, in order to achieve adequate conditions for its processing as well as facilitating the subsequent carbonization process.
- a Preferential embodiment of this additional pretreatment phase will comprise, at least, a grinding step and a washing step of the biomass: a) In the first stage, the biomass will be crushed until a maximum particle size is obtained that allows its subsequent passage through the pressurization equipment.
- the final size will be less than 30 cm and, preferably, less than 15 cm; b) then, in order to eliminate the contaminants present in the biomass, such as sands, stones, crystals, metals or other elements of higher density than water, the biomass will be introduced in a pool with water, or a mixing water with acid, for a time of 5 to 120 minutes, preferably 10 to 30 minutes. By means of this washing, the pollutants will be separated from the biomass and will descend to the bottom of the pool, while the biomass will remain floating on the surface until it increases its density above that of the water due to the absorption of it.
- Said mixture will further contain at least one means of accelerating the chemical reaction, which may be an organic or inorganic catalyst, preferably an acid and more preferably citric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the acid is added in an amount sufficient to obtain a pH inside the reactor of between 4.5 and 6.5, preferably between 5 and 6.
- This aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst is then subjected to a pressurization step up to a pressure which is at least that necessary to be able to introduce it to the preheating tube (17) and, from there, to the reactor.
- This pressure will be greater than 10 bar and, preferably, higher than 13 bar.
- the aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst is preheated, in order to reach the start temperature of the HTC process in its monomerization phase.
- This preheating stage can be carried out in a heat exchanger, preferably a preheating tube (17), in which the mixture will be heated thanks to the supply of heat received through the walls of the pipe, until reaching temperatures of 170 0 C to 210 0 C, more preferably 180 0 C to 200 0 C.
- the preheating tube there is the possibility of directly injecting steam into the aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst at a pressure higher than that of the preheating tube itself, until the previously mentioned temperatures are reached. Once said temperatures are reached, the aqueous mixture of biomass and catalyst is fed to a vertical inverted flow reactor (20) through a riser tube, in which the monomerization or hydrolysis of the biomass is initiated. At the same time, the formation of oils begins, as well as the evolution of gases, such as methane or CO2, from the natural decomposition of biomass.
- gases such as methane or CO2
- this conduit In this way, and under normal conditions, at the exit of this conduit the HTC process has already begun, and the components resulting from the first monomerization phase enter a second stage, polymerization.
- this new phase oils and other components that have formed during monomerization, polymerize and form a kind of resin or previous state of carbon.
- this phase lasts between 1 and 6 hours, preferably between 2 and 4 hours.
- the preferred temperature range must be between 170 0 C and 230 0 C, preferably between 179.9 and 219, 6 ° C and most preferably between 191.6 and 209.8 0 C; whereas, in the case of pressure, the preferred range should be 8 to 28 bar absolute pressure, preferably 10 to 23 bar, and more preferably between 13 and 19 bar.
- the density of the solid compounds formed increases while, at the same time, the thermal activity decreases. As a consequence of these effects, there is a decrease of the compounds, within the process water, towards the maturation zone.
- the main carbon formations have already been developed, although H20 molecules can still be detached from the carbon structures formed.
- the thermal activity will have dropped to practically zero.
- the mixture of carbonized biomass together with, at least, process water is directed to a cooling tube, in which its temperature is reduced to values lower than the evaporation temperature at atmospheric pressure. say, less than 100 ° C. In this way, possible instantaneous evaporations are avoided in the depressurization equipment, located below, through which the aqueous mixture of carbonized biomass is extracted in a controlled manner.
- the solid particles of said mixture will be deposited in the bottom of the outlet container or they will be separated from the liquid phase by means of a mechanical separation operation, preferably by centrifugation or filtration, being useful depending on their purity as solid fuel or as raw material for other processes.
- the coal will be used as solid fuel, preferably compressed in the form of pellets or briquettes.
- the coal obtained may be used as raw material for other industrial processes, preferably in the production of liquid fuel hydrocarbons.
- the final product will be a kind of peat that can be used as fertilizer.
- part of the heat evolved in the cooling stage of the carbonized biomass mixture together with at least process water, resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization process may be recovered in at least one of the heat demanding stages of the system, preferably, in the preheating stage of the mixture of biomass, catalyst and process water fed to the system, which step is carried out, preferably, in the preheating equipment (17) previously described .
- an aqueous mixture of biomass, to which a catalyst such as, for example, citric acid or sulfuric acid is added, adjusting its concentration until a pH value of 5.5 (16) is obtained is fed to a vertical reactor of continuous operation (18), once it has been preheated in the preheating tube (17) to a temperature of about 180 0 C.
- a catalyst such as, for example, citric acid or sulfuric acid
- valve gas, together with water vapor, are removed and sent to a condenser equipment (25), where they are cooled to a temperature of about 90 0 C. Those gases that do not condense at this temperature open they are evacuated to the environment by means of the device for eliminating air and gases of which said equipment is available.
- part of the steam generated is used in the preheating tube (17) to preheat the aqueous mixture of biomass fed to the reactor (18). ).
- the condensates are sent to the open storage tank (26), occupying 20 to 90% of their capacity. From there, they will be reinjected into the pressure regulation tank (21), when reached in said equipment a level of condensates less than 60% of its volume. Moreover, a certain amount of these condensates of the buffer reservoir (21) will be fed to the reactor (18), at a temperature of about 190 0 C, if on that computer a minimum volume is reached approximately 70 %. In this way it is possible to recover part of the evaporated water during the exothermic process of carbonization, at the same time that the temperature is homogenized in different points of the interior of the reactor. In turn, thanks to this control system, it is possible to carry out the process continuously and, at the same time, maintain adequate and stable pressure and temperature conditions throughout the operation without the need for additional equipment mobile or heat exchange surfaces inside the reactor.
- this preferred embodiment of the invention will allow recovering part of the heat evolved in the cooling stage of the carbonized biomass mixture together with, at least, process water, resulting from the carbonization process in the preheating stage of the mixture of biomass, catalyst and process water fed to the system, stage that is carried out in the preheating equipment (17).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0920395A BRPI0920395A2 (pt) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | sistema de controle de temperatura e pressão de pelo menos um reator químico |
MX2011003823A MX2011003823A (es) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Sistema de control de presion y temperatura de al menos un reactor quimico. |
EP09825797.5A EP2366757B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor for treating biomass |
RU2011114832/05A RU2530114C2 (ru) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Система управления давлением и температурой для по меньшей мере одного химического реактора |
CA2740225A CA2740225C (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor |
ES09825797.5T ES2564184T3 (es) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Sistema de control de presión y temperatura de al menos un reactor químico para tratar biomasa |
US13/081,555 US8475727B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-04-07 | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ESP200803271 | 2008-11-17 | ||
ES200803271A ES2339320B1 (es) | 2008-11-17 | 2008-11-17 | Metodo de carbonizacion hidrotermal con reactor de flujo invertido,eninstalacion. |
ESP200803272 | 2008-11-17 | ||
ES200803272A ES2339321B1 (es) | 2008-11-17 | 2008-11-17 | Sistema de control de la presion y temperatura de un reactor o conjunto de reactores quimicos. |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/081,555 Continuation US8475727B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2011-04-07 | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010055189A1 true WO2010055189A1 (es) | 2010-05-20 |
Family
ID=42169665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2009/070502 WO2010055189A1 (es) | 2008-11-17 | 2009-11-16 | Sistema de control de presión y temperatura de al menos un reactor químico |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8475727B2 (es) |
EP (2) | EP2366757B1 (es) |
BR (1) | BRPI0920395A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2740225C (es) |
ES (1) | ES2564184T3 (es) |
MX (1) | MX2011003823A (es) |
RU (1) | RU2530114C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2010055189A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012120104A3 (de) * | 2011-03-10 | 2014-01-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbinenanlage für ein thermisches kraftwerk, sowie betriebsverfahren einer dampfturbinenanlage für ein thermisches kraftwerk |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2366757B1 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2016-02-17 | Ingelia, S.L. | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor for treating biomass |
CA3084690C (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2023-09-19 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Systems and apparatus for production of high-carbon biogenic reagents |
ES2393464B1 (es) * | 2011-06-09 | 2013-11-18 | Ingelia, S.L. | Procedimiento para la extracción de productos bioquímicos obtenidos a partir de un proceso de carbonización hidrotermal de biomasa. |
CN104053649A (zh) * | 2012-01-10 | 2014-09-17 | 阿彻丹尼尔斯米德兰德公司 | 从糖类制备hmf和hmf衍生物同时回收适合于直接发酵为乙醇的未反应糖类的方法 |
CA3225246A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-14 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Biogenic activated carbon and methods of making and using same |
PL399500A1 (pl) | 2012-06-12 | 2013-12-23 | Dagas Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia | Sposób prowadzenia procesu pirolizy odpadowych tworzyw sztucznych i/lub odpadów gumowych i/lub odpadów organicznych oraz instalacja do realizacji tego sposobu |
DE202012012520U1 (de) * | 2012-08-15 | 2013-04-26 | Ava-Co2 Schweiz Ag | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Prozesswasser in einem hydrothermalen Karbonisierungsprozess |
ES2457073B1 (es) | 2012-09-19 | 2015-02-02 | Ingelia, S.L. | Producto biocombustible y proceso de obtención |
WO2015061701A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | Biogenic Reagent Ventures, Llc | Methods and apparatus for producing activated carbon from biomass through carbonized ash intermediates |
EP3094593B1 (en) | 2014-01-16 | 2022-01-26 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Carbon micro-plant |
CA2977092C (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2022-12-13 | Biogenic Reagents Ventures, Llc | Highly mesoporous activated carbon |
US11413601B2 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2022-08-16 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Halogenated activated carbon compositions and methods of making and using same |
CN105833821B (zh) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-11-28 | 宁夏软件工程院有限公司 | 一种具有自动温控功能的反应釜 |
CN106017128B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-02-23 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华东分公司 | 一种带节能评估装置的射汽真空系统及其运行方法 |
CA2972505A1 (en) | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-05 | Decide Nv | Process and system for treating municipal solid waste materials and producing multiple products |
BR112020025445A2 (pt) | 2018-06-14 | 2021-03-16 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Composições de dióxido de silício de carbono poroso biogênico e métodos de produção e uso das mesmas |
CZ308537B6 (cs) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-11-11 | Aikona Ltd | Zařízení pro termicko-katalytický rozklad – pyrolýzu odpadních látek organického původu |
CA3183438A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | Kitsault Energy, Ltd. | Apparatus and process for catalyzed steam biofuel production |
GB2592086B (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2024-02-21 | Coal Products Ltd | Fibres |
KR20230087510A (ko) | 2020-09-25 | 2023-06-16 | 카본 테크놀로지 홀딩스, 엘엘씨 | 바이오매스 열분해와 통합된 금속 광석의 바이오-환원 |
EP4019612A1 (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-29 | Ingelia, S.L. | Apparatus to obtain valuable products from biomass and process thereof |
BR112023016141A2 (pt) | 2021-02-18 | 2023-11-21 | Carbon Tech Holdings Llc | Produtos metalúrgicos com carbono negativo |
MX2023012635A (es) | 2021-04-27 | 2024-01-12 | Carbon Tech Holdings Llc | Composiciones de biocarbón con carbono fijado optimizado y procesos para producir las mismas. |
EP4367070A1 (en) | 2021-07-09 | 2024-05-15 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Processes for producing biocarbon pellets with high fixed-carbon content and optimized reactivity, and biocarbon pellets obtained therefrom |
US20230150872A1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-18 | Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC | Biocarbon compositions with optimized compositional parameters, and processes for producing the same |
CN114534651B (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2024-03-12 | 宁夏天霖新材料科技有限公司 | 一种反应器温度控制方法 |
CN116078277B (zh) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-20 | 山东健奕宏生物制药有限公司 | 一种乳糖氢化还原压力反应釜 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2974130A (en) * | 1954-11-22 | 1961-03-07 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of controlling pressure and liquid level in a vessel |
WO2002006153A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Hydrogen Energy America Llc | Method and apparatus for controlled generation of hydrogen by dissociation of water |
DE102006038983A1 (de) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Logos-Innovationen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trinkwasser aus atmosphärischer Luft |
DE102007062808A1 (de) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Dominik Peus | Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Fest-/Flüssiggemischen |
WO2008095589A1 (de) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Grenol GmbH | Hydrothermale karbonisierung von biomasse |
EP1970431A1 (de) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | Loritus GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur hydrothermalen Karbonisierung von Biomasse |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES160612A1 (es) | 1943-02-20 | 1943-07-01 | Gil Moreno De Mora Jose Pedro | Procedimiento para la carbonización de residuos vegetales |
US2595365A (en) * | 1947-06-14 | 1952-05-06 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Carbonization of carbonizable solids |
US2674130A (en) * | 1952-12-19 | 1954-04-06 | Spychalla Alex | Portable machine tool |
GB1053572A (es) * | 1963-05-14 | |||
ES160612Y (es) | 1970-07-02 | 1971-06-01 | Novalux Iberica, S. A. | Portalamparas simple para tubos fluorescentes dotado de me-dios de incorporacion al soporte. |
DE2117364C3 (de) * | 1971-04-08 | 1983-12-01 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur Abführung der Reaktionswärme bei der diskontinuierlichen Homo- oder Copolymerisation von Vinylchlorid |
US4278447A (en) * | 1979-11-16 | 1981-07-14 | Conoco, Inc. | Methods for producing feedstock for a fixed bed gasifier from finely-divided coal |
US4579562A (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1986-04-01 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Thermochemical beneficiation of low rank coals |
DE3715158C1 (de) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-09-15 | Veba Oel Entwicklungs Gmbh | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Schweloel |
RU2055014C1 (ru) * | 1992-04-29 | 1996-02-27 | Научно-производственное объединение "Эмекат" | Способ конверсии углеводородного сырья и способ получения катализатора для его осуществления |
WO1996032163A1 (en) * | 1995-04-11 | 1996-10-17 | Moraski Dennis P | Biomass solids gasification system and process |
US5883292A (en) * | 1996-01-17 | 1999-03-16 | Twenty-First Century Research Corporation | Reaction control by regulating internal condensation inside a reactor |
JP3802325B2 (ja) | 2000-08-23 | 2006-07-26 | 信行 林 | 植物系バイオマスの加圧熱水分解方法とそのシステム |
US6790317B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2004-09-14 | University Of Hawaii | Process for flash carbonization of biomass |
DK1922392T3 (da) * | 2005-09-05 | 2013-01-21 | Stichting Energie | Indretning til fremstilling af en produktgas fra biomasse |
WO2008138637A2 (de) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-20 | Suncoal Industries Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur hydrothermalen karbonisierung (htc) von biomasse mit einer htc-anlage |
DE102008058444B4 (de) | 2007-11-21 | 2020-03-26 | Antacor Ltd. | Verfahren und Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Brennstoffen, Humus oder Suspensionen davon |
EP2366757B1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2016-02-17 | Ingelia, S.L. | Pressure and temperature control system for at least one chemical reactor for treating biomass |
-
2009
- 2009-11-16 EP EP09825797.5A patent/EP2366757B1/en active Active
- 2009-11-16 WO PCT/ES2009/070502 patent/WO2010055189A1/es active Application Filing
- 2009-11-16 ES ES09825797.5T patent/ES2564184T3/es active Active
- 2009-11-16 EP EP12165924.7A patent/EP2484437A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-11-16 RU RU2011114832/05A patent/RU2530114C2/ru active
- 2009-11-16 MX MX2011003823A patent/MX2011003823A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-11-16 BR BRPI0920395A patent/BRPI0920395A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-16 CA CA2740225A patent/CA2740225C/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-04-07 US US13/081,555 patent/US8475727B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2974130A (en) * | 1954-11-22 | 1961-03-07 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of controlling pressure and liquid level in a vessel |
WO2002006153A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Hydrogen Energy America Llc | Method and apparatus for controlled generation of hydrogen by dissociation of water |
DE102006038983A1 (de) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Logos-Innovationen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trinkwasser aus atmosphärischer Luft |
DE102007062808A1 (de) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Dominik Peus | Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Fest-/Flüssiggemischen |
WO2008095589A1 (de) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | Grenol GmbH | Hydrothermale karbonisierung von biomasse |
EP1970431A1 (de) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-09-17 | Loritus GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur hydrothermalen Karbonisierung von Biomasse |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
ELTON JACQUOT, J.: "Back in Black: Using hydrothermal Carbonization to clean Emissions", SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2007 |
See also references of EP2366757A4 |
TITRICI M.M. ET AL.: "Back in the black: hydrothermal carbonization of plant material as an efficient chemical process to treat the C02 problem?", NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, vol. 31, 8 March 2007 (2007-03-08), pages 787 - 789, XP002481844 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012120104A3 (de) * | 2011-03-10 | 2014-01-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbinenanlage für ein thermisches kraftwerk, sowie betriebsverfahren einer dampfturbinenanlage für ein thermisches kraftwerk |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2011114832A (ru) | 2012-12-27 |
EP2484437A2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
CA2740225C (en) | 2016-01-19 |
BRPI0920395A2 (pt) | 2016-03-29 |
CA2740225A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
MX2011003823A (es) | 2011-07-28 |
ES2564184T3 (es) | 2016-03-18 |
RU2530114C2 (ru) | 2014-10-10 |
EP2366757A4 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP2366757A1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
EP2366757B1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2484437A3 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
US20110225876A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
US8475727B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
ES2564184T3 (es) | Sistema de control de presión y temperatura de al menos un reactor químico para tratar biomasa | |
US8381523B2 (en) | Geothermal electricity production methods and geothermal energy collection systems | |
JP6734298B2 (ja) | 地熱プラントにおける帯水層流体の内部エネルギーの利用方法 | |
US7891188B2 (en) | Apparatus for producing power using geothermal liquid | |
US20090178409A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for storing heat energy | |
JP4721349B2 (ja) | バイオガス中のメタン濃度の安定化システム及びバイオガス中のメタン濃度の安定化方法 | |
US20170008776A1 (en) | Facility and method for treating water pumped in a natural environment by evaporation/condensation | |
BRPI0718959B1 (pt) | Método para regeneração de um absorvente rico tendo absorvido CO2 e regenerador para um absorvente líquido para CO2 | |
NO332159B1 (no) | Fremgangsmate og anlegg for energieffektiv oppfanging og utskillelse av CO2 fra en gassfase | |
WO2011004866A1 (ja) | 蒸気供給装置 | |
CN101921006A (zh) | 一种太阳能聚光发电和海水淡化集成方法及系统 | |
CN105221363B (zh) | 中低温地热和生物质燃气联合发电系统及发电成本计算方法 | |
WO2009082713A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for storing heat energy | |
CN112654830A (zh) | 用于储存热量的方法和设备 | |
WO2012168502A1 (es) | Procedimiento para la extracción de productos bioquímicos obtenidos a partir de un proceso de carbonización hidrotermal de biomasa | |
US4084379A (en) | Energy conversion system | |
GB2625453A (en) | Fossil fuel thermodynamic system and carbon dioxide emission reduction method and device thereof | |
ES2339320B1 (es) | Metodo de carbonizacion hidrotermal con reactor de flujo invertido,eninstalacion. | |
CN205243651U (zh) | 一种可实现100%碳回收的高效闭式燃气发电系统 | |
RU2679330C1 (ru) | Энергетический комплекс на основе газификации отходов биомассы | |
ES2339321B1 (es) | Sistema de control de la presion y temperatura de un reactor o conjunto de reactores quimicos. | |
KR101175131B1 (ko) | 바이오가스 농축 정제 시스템 | |
WO2014096736A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede d'evaporation d'un liquide et leurs applications | |
RU104171U1 (ru) | Установка для опреснения морской воды | |
CN203392884U (zh) | 一种热泵低压蒸馏装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09825797 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1498/KOLNP/2011 Country of ref document: IN Ref document number: MX/A/2011/003823 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2740225 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009825797 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011114832 Country of ref document: RU |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0920395 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20110408 |