Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
  • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
  • A47L15/0021—Regulation of operational steps within the washing processes, e.g. optimisation or improvement of operational steps depending from the detergent nature or from the condition of the crockery
  • A47L15/0034—Drying phases, including dripping-off phases
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
  • A47L15/42—Details
  • A47L15/48—Drying arrangements
  • A47L15/483—Drying arrangements by using condensers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
  • A47L15/42—Details
  • A47L15/4291—Recovery arrangements, e.g. for the recovery of energy or water
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
  • A47L15/42—Details
  • A47L15/4295—Arrangements for detecting or measuring the condition of the crockery or tableware, e.g. nature or quantity
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
  • A47L2401/04—Crockery or tableware details, e.g. material, quantity, condition
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
  • A47L2401/12—Water temperature
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
  • A47L2401/34—Other automatic detections
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
  • A47L2501/11—Air heaters
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
  • A47L2501/30—Regulation of machine operational steps within the washing process, e.g. performing an additional rinsing phase, shortening or stopping of the drying phase, washing at decreased noise operation conditions

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• WO 2004/047608 A1 discloses a method for detecting the quantity of dishes in the washing container of a dishwasher in which both the operating data of a circulating pump and the so-called heating gradient in the dishwasher are detected at least in a pre-washing phase and in a heating phase. The recorded actual values are compared with stored target values and from this the quantity of dishes in the washing container is deduced. Then the wash program can be adapted to the detected amount of dishes.
• This method requires a great deal of control and regulation, because for the target-actual comparison, a plurality of curve or measurement data scenarios must be stored in a program control unit and compared with the detected values.
• the heating power of a dishwasher depends on the locally available electrical mains voltage, so that deviations of the locally available electrical mains voltage can falsify the measurement result.
• the solution of the object of the invention is based on a method for detecting the load-related heat capacity change of a water-conducting household appliance, in particular a dishwasher, for optimizing a drying process.
• a temperature profile is detected during the cooling of the dishes. For example, during the main cleaning cycle, the temperature of the cooling rinse liquor, which is in temperature equilibrium with the ware, can be measured. Because a high load itself Cooling slower than a low, the detection of the temperature profile of the rinse liquor can be used as a measure of the loading. It is technically easy to detect via a temperature sensor, because the sensor can be integrated into the flushing circuit without great technical effort.
• the temperature profile can be detected on a condensation surface, for example on the inside of a door or on the outer surface of a water tank serving as a reservoir, which serves for the intermediate storage of water and / or rinsing liquor.
• pairs of temperature values are detected at two different locations in the machine.
• a first value can be determined in one area in front of the items to be washed, and a second value afterwards. So can be detected so a temperature difference, for example, the rinsing liquor from values before and after contact with the dishes. From the change in the difference, the heat capacity change can be determined by the dishes.
• the correlation of temperature profile and heat capacity also applies to the detection of a temperature at the condensation surface.
• the temperature profile after a mixing operation of rinsing liquor with fresh water is detected ie the heat capacity change due to the loading is determined calorimetrically by measuring a mixture temperature from one of the two temperature values when changing or at least partially changing the rinsing liquor. This can be done for example during the cleaning cycle or an intermediate rinse cycle. After a first cleaning cycle with warm water, it can be completely or partially pumped off and cold fresh water fed into the rinsing chamber. The fresh water warms up by the contact with the warm dishes and, if necessary, by mixing with warm residual water from the cleaning cycle.
• the heat capacity can be derived by a calorimetric calculation of the temperature and amount of fresh water supplied, optionally the amount and temperature of the fresh water remaining from the cleaning cycle and the resulting mixing temperature. Also these data can - under circumstances with already existing means, thus with small technical expenditure - be detected technically simply Such a procedure would not be comfortable.
• a time dependency of a temperature representative of the temperature of the washware itself and / or the time dependence of a temperature representative of the temperature of a condensation surface is detected. The time dependence of the temperature of the items to be washed or of the condensation surface is to be understood as the temperature profile.
• the humidity in the washing compartment settles during cooling during a drying process.
• the determination of the temperature at the condensation surface offers on the one hand a simple and on the other hand independent of the rinsing eye and the circulation pump or their performance data acquisition capability.
• the invention thus makes use of the knowledge that the course of the rinse temperature or its change during a certain period of time is in direct correlation to the heat capacity and temperature of the items to be washed. This results in a technically simple calculation method, which indirectly determine the size of the heat capacity, which is difficult to detect, or which can be estimated within narrow limits.
• a fit function describing the time dependency of the temperature during cooling or mixing can be adapted to the detected time dependence during cooling or mixing, wherein the fit function has the heat capacity of the dishes as a fit parameter. Also in this way, the heat capacity of the items to be washed can be determined as a measure of the loading in a technically simple manner.
• thermo profile during a cooling phase and / or a mixing temperature can preferably be provided, in addition to the temperature profile during a cooling phase and / or a mixing temperature, to record the temperature profile during a heating phase of rinsing liquor, in particular of circulated rinsing liquor, so as to increase the accuracy by combining these measurements.
• the invention includes a water-conducting domestic appliance, in particular a dishwasher, at least comprising means for detecting the load-related storage capacity of thermal energy.
• the water-conducting household appliance has means for detecting a temperature profile during the cooling of the items to be washed. The determination of the current load takes place automatically, that is without input from an operator. This considerably simplifies the operation of the dishwasher.
• the loading can be detected indirectly via a determination of the heat capacity of the items to be washed.
• the dishwasher may comprise a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature representative of the temperature of the items to be washed and means for evaluating the detected temperature and / or their time dependence.
• the temperature sensor can be arranged in the rinsing chamber or in the circulation circuit and comes into contact with the water circulated during a cleaning cycle, which in turn is in heat exchange with the items to be washed. It should therefore be arranged so that it can at least indirectly detect the temperature of the items to be washed.
• a second temperature sensor with associated evaluation means for detecting the temperature of freshly supplied, not yet heated fresh water may be present.
• the second temperature sensor can be in heat exchange with the heat storage. The second temperature sensor and the evaluation means allow the determination of the heat capacity of the load according to the method last described above.
• the dishwasher may comprise a control unit which is designed to process the data of the temperature sensor or sensors, ie to carry out the method described above or sections thereof and their variants.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of a first dishwasher
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional view of a further dishwasher.
• Fig. 1 shows the known operations in a dishwasher with self-heat drying. They include a prewash 2, a heating phase 4, a Cleaning cycle 6, an intermediate rinse 8, a rinse 10 and a final drying operations 12.
• pre-rinse 2 cold fresh water (about 3.4 - 3.9 I) is supplied and for a preset period of about 15 minutes by a circulation pump 20 through the rinsing chamber 14 (see Figures 3 and 4) circulated.
• a heating device 56 in the hydraulic circuit heats the fresh water of Vor Togethergangs 2 in about 13 to 14 min to an initial cleaning temperature of about 51 0 C. This also heats the dishes 28 in the washing chamber 14.
• the heated and provided with detergent rinsing fluid is circulated, whereby the wash ware 28 is substantially cleaned.
• the rinsing solution is pumped out of the rinsing chamber 14 and fed clean, cold fresh water.
• the fresh water is circulated during the intermediate rinse 8 for a period of about 5 min and is heated above all by contact with or by heat transfer from the still warm dishes 28 and possibly a heat exchanger 38 (FIG. 4).
• the intermediate rinse water is pumped out of the rinsing chamber 14 and fed again cold fresh water.
• FIG. 2 illustrates the time characteristic of the temperature in the rinsing chamber for different loadings during the rinse cycle 10 and the drying cycle 12.
• the supply of heating energy increases the temperature in the rinsing chamber 14 and thus also the temperature of the washware 28 during the rinse cycle 10 substantially in proportion to the time t.
• the less than proportional increase in temperature shown in FIG. 2 is due to heat transfer losses, inter alia through the walls of the washing chamber 14 and through the loading door 16.
• the temperature during the heating phase in the final rinse cycle 10 is regulated according to the middle curve in FIG. 2 to an initial temperature To standard .
• the Eigenadeltrocknungsgang 12 begins the Eigenhofftrocknungsgang 12, so the complete evaporation of the water film on the dishes. If a higher or lower load was detected, a correspondingly larger or smaller heating energy input is required for the self-heat drying. Accordingly, during the heating phase, the temperature is set to a higher or lower initial temperature T 0 + ⁇ T or T 0 -AT for the self-heat drying cycle 12.
• the drying cycle 12 begins.
• the temperature in the rinsing chamber runs essentially in accordance with a decreasing exponential function.
• a moisture film present on the washware 28 evaporates and condenses on a condensation surface.
• a temperature T 12 is reached as a characteristic feature, which subsequently changes only insignificantly and marks the achievement of an essentially asymptotic state.
• the moisture film on the washware 28 is completely evaporated and the drying process 12 can be terminated. Since the achievement of the time t 12 depends on the load, their detection is essential for the control of the drying process in terms of energy input and time course.
• the time dependence T1 (t) of an actual temperature T1 in the rinsing chamber during the cooling phase of the cleaning cycle 6, ie the temperature profile over the time t, is detected. From this, the heat capacity of the load is obtained as a measure of the actual load B, st .
• the time dependence T1 (t) of the temperature during the cooling phase essentially follows an exponential function in time t Tl (t) -C (tt 0 )
• t 0 is the time when the cooling phase begins.
• the heat capacity C (water) of the circulated rinsing liquor depends on the amount of water introduced, which is measured when filling the rinsing chamber with fresh water.
• the total heat capacity C g ⁇ S is determined by fitting a fit function to the cooling curve T1 (t) with C g ⁇ S as fit parameter.
• St calculated by subtracting the measured heat capacity C (water) from the total heat capacity C g ⁇ S derived from the cooling curve T1 (t).
• the mixing temperature which occurs in the intermediate rinse 8 is measured.
• a function is adapted to the time dependency of the measured in the intermediate rinse 8 temperature by fitting and from the after mixing the cold fresh water at the beginning of the Swiss Whygangs 8 by temperature compensation with the cleaning cycle 6 still warm Spülgut 28 adjusting mixture temperature as an asymptotic approximation of the temperature Time dependence in the intermediate rinse 8 determined using known mathematical equations or models for calorimetric temperature mixing.
• the dishwashing machine shown in FIG. 3 comprises a rinsing chamber 14 in which the items to be washed 28 are placed in a loading basket 30, a loading door 16 attached to the rinsing chamber 14, and a rotatably arranged in the rinsing chamber 14
• Circulation pump 20 connects to the water spray rotary arm 24, a drain 22b in the bottom wall 19 of the washing chamber 14, which is connected to a suction side of the circulation pump 20, a heater 56 at the inlet 22a for heating the circulated
• Control unit 58 for controlling the operations and devices of the dishwasher and for reading and evaluating the measurement signals of the temperature sensor 32, 34, a connecting line 48 for the supply of fresh water, a drain line 52 for discharging spent rinse liquor and a heater 56 at the inlet 22a with a control line 56s to the control unit 58.
• the first temperature sensor 32 is arranged in the circulation pump 20 and serves to detect the temperature T1 of the water or the rinsing liquor in the circulation circuit. However, it may also be disposed at other positions in the circulation circuit, such as in the inlet 22a, in the drain 22b or in a depression in the bottom wall of the washing chamber 14 in the vicinity of the opening of the drain 22b.
• the second temperature sensor 34 is in contact with the inside wall, d. H. arranged the washing chamber 14 facing wall of the loading door 16 and serves to detect a characteristic of the temperature of a cold surface in the washing chamber 14 reference temperature T2. It may also be arranged, for example, in an operating panel 18 in the loading temperature 16.
• the temperature sensor 32 in the circulation pump 20 detects a temperature profile of the rinsing eye over time and passes the data to the control device 58 on.
• the temperature of the flushing eye is determined on the one hand by the outlet temperature of the fresh water from the line of the house installation. Since the fresh water first enters the circulation pump 20 before it is pumped further, the sensor 32 can detect its temperature. The fresh water further supplied heating power is also known.
• the energy losses via the line 22a and the walls of the rinsing chamber 14 are largely constant or of at least relatively little influence.
• the regulating device 58 can determine the temperature of the rinsing eye when it enters the rinsing chamber 14 before it hits the ware 28.
• the temperature of the washware 28 is Another influence on the temperature of the rinse liquor.
• the liquor receives a lower temperature after each run out of the washing chamber 14 than it had in the inlet 22a, because it cools down on the washware 28.
• the Control device 58 on the degree of loading of the washing chamber 14 close.
• With a smaller amount of items to be washed 28 is a lower heat capacity in the washing chamber 14, whereby the liquor is cooled less.
• the ware 28 heats up so faster, which is why the heating phase 4 shortened or the power of the heater 56 can be reduced. Conversely, at a higher load, an extension of the heating phase 4 or an increase in the heating power is required.
• a second temperature sensor 34 may be attached to or in the loading door 16.
• the loading door 16 represents a relatively cool condensation surface in the drying cycle 12 by self-heating.
• the washware 28 heated in the preceding rinse cycle 10 evaporates the moisture adhering to it, which deposits on the loading door 16 as a cool condensation surface.
• the course of the temperature of the condensation surface is an indication of the degree of loading of the washing chamber 14. Because a larger amount of items to be washed 28 can bind a correspondingly higher amount of moisture on its surface. The subsequent onset of condensation gives off a larger amount of heat at the condensation surface of the loading door 16, as it is less loaded.
• the second embodiment of the dishwasher shown in Fig. 4 differs from the first embodiment shown in Fig. 3 by serving as a temperature storage water reservoir 38.
• the same elements of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
• the dishwasher according to FIG. 4 comprises the connection line 48 provided with the controllable connection valve 50 for filling the heat exchanger 38 with fresh water and a connection line 40 between the heat exchanger 38 and the circulation pump 20 and a third temperature sensor 36 arranged in the water storage 38 for detecting the temperature T3 of FIG Water in the water tank 38.
• the connecting line 40 is opened and closed by the controllable connecting valve 42.
• the valve 42 can be controlled via a line 42s to the control unit 58. When the valve 42 is closed and the valve 50 is opened, the water reservoir 38 is filled with cold fresh water. In reverse valve position, it is filled with water from the circulation, which may be heated if necessary.
• the water reservoir 38 is formed in the shape of a container arranged parallel to the side wall of the washing chamber 14 and abuts against the side wall.
• the third temperature sensor 36 is arranged in contact with the washing chamber 14 facing the wall of the water reservoir 38. To improve the efficiency of the heat drying of the water tank 38 is filled during the drying cycle 12 with cold fresh water. As a result, the water tank 38 facing side wall of the washing chamber 14 to a cooled condensation surface.
• the temperature sensor 36 thus fulfills the one hand, the same purpose as the sensor 34 in the last example described. However, since it lies exclusively in the fresh water inflow of the circulating pump 20, it can detect the outlet temperature of the fresh water with a higher accuracy than the temperature sensor 32. It thus provides a better data basis for determining the loading by the control unit 58.
• first temperature sensor circulating circuit
• second temperature sensor condensing surface for example loading door
• connection valve 42 connection valve 42s control line for connection valve

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• Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40227548

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2007
  • 2007-12-11 DE DE102007059517A patent/DE102007059517A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-11-11 CN CN200880120222XA patent/CN101896111B/zh active Active
  • 2008-11-11 PL PL08860453T patent/PL2230984T3/pl unknown
  • 2008-11-11 US US12/745,699 patent/US20100258145A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-11-11 ES ES08860453T patent/ES2400151T3/es active Active
  • 2008-11-11 EP EP08860453A patent/EP2230984B1/de active Active
  • 2008-11-11 WO PCT/EP2008/065295 patent/WO2009074415A1/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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