WO2005101304A1 - 半導体集積回路、及びこれを搭載した非接触型情報システム - Google Patents
半導体集積回路、及びこれを搭載した非接触型情報システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005101304A1 WO2005101304A1 PCT/JP2005/007073 JP2005007073W WO2005101304A1 WO 2005101304 A1 WO2005101304 A1 WO 2005101304A1 JP 2005007073 W JP2005007073 W JP 2005007073W WO 2005101304 A1 WO2005101304 A1 WO 2005101304A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 49
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940081330 tena Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
- G06K19/0707—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
- G06K19/0712—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement being capable of triggering distinct operating modes or functions dependent on the strength of an energy or interrogation field in the proximity of the record carrier
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor integrated circuit supplied with power by electromagnetic waves, and an information system (non-contact information system) including a non-contact information medium equipped with the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- a data carrier such as a non-contact IC card that transmits and receives data simultaneously with power supply using a semiconductor integrated circuit that receives power supply by electromagnetic waves of a predetermined wavelength using a mutual induction phenomenon of coils has been put into practical use. You are in the stage.
- the type of non-contact IC card can be a contact type, a proximity type, or a near type. They are categorized into types, and the standards for each are being prepared.
- proximity type non-contact IC cards that can be used at a distance of about 10 [cm] from a reader / writer are often used for commuter passes, etc., and require regular input at ticket gates at stations. It is possible to control the opening and closing of the ticket gate based on the exchange of information in a non-contact state with the reader / writer without removing the commuter pass (non-contact IC card).
- non-contact IC cards and information systems using non-contact IC cards have the potential to be used in an extremely wide range.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-8-77318
- the physical distance between the contactless IC card and the reader / writer is more than a certain distance, or data is returned to the reader / writer. If the voltage generated in the antenna coil decreases and the power supply voltage becomes lower than the reset detection lower limit voltage, the semiconductor integrated circuit inside the non-contact IC card is constantly reset even during transmission / reception, and the non-contact IC There was a problem that data communication between the card and the reader / writer might not be possible.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problem, and has been developed by using a non-contact information medium (semiconductor integrated circuit) and a reader / writer that communicates with the non-contact information medium in a non-contact state.
- the non-contact information medium that can transmit and receive data stably even when the power supply voltage drops when the data is returned to the reader / writer by extending the communicable distance between them.
- a semiconductor integrated circuit that receives supply of a power supply voltage by an electromagnetic wave received by an antenna coil and transmits and receives data via the antenna coil
- a modulation transmission circuit for transmitting data via the tena coil By changing the load between the terminals according to the data to be transmitted, A modulation transmission circuit for transmitting data via the tena coil,
- a transmission control circuit that outputs data stored in the memory circuit to the modulation transmission circuit
- a reset signal generation circuit that outputs a reset signal for resetting the transmission control circuit to the transmission control circuit when the power supply voltage falls below a predetermined threshold
- the transmission control circuit is configured to output a transmission state signal indicating that data is being transmitted
- the reset signal generation circuit is configured to set the threshold value lower during a period when the transmission state signal is output than during a period when the transmission state signal is not output.
- the power supply voltage at which the reset signal is output (reset detection lower limit voltage) is changed according to whether or not the data transmission state is established.
- a non-contact information medium non-contact IC card
- a coil antenna coil
- an electromagnetic wave can be used to supply power to the non-contact IC card and to transmit data.
- the reset signal generation circuit has a voltage dividing resistor for dividing the power supply voltage, and the voltage divided by the voltage dividing resistor is lower than a predetermined reference voltage! In such a case, the apparatus is configured to output the reset signal.
- the reset signal generation circuit may change the voltage dividing ratio such that the divided voltage is higher during a period when the transmission state signal is output than during a period when the transmission state signal is not output. It is characterized by being composed!
- the voltage dividing resistor is a series resistor composed of three or more resistors, and the reset signal generating circuit changes the voltage dividing ratio by changing the number of the series resistors for dividing the power supply voltage. Is changed.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the transmission control circuit outputs the data stored in the memory circuit to the modulation transmission circuit, and simultaneously outputs the transmission state signal. It is configured to output.
- the reset detection lower limit voltage can be switched to a lower value before the power supply voltage drops below the reset detection lower limit voltage.
- the transmission control circuit has a buffer for storing data stored in the memory circuit, and is configured to output the data stored in the buffer to the modulation transmission circuit.
- a transmission control circuit generally composed of only logic gates can operate at a lower voltage than a memory circuit composed of memory cells and the like in addition to the logic gates. Even if the lower limit voltage is lowered, the communicable distance between the non-contact IC card and the reader / writer can be extended, and data can be transmitted and received stably.
- the transmission control circuit stops outputting the transmission state signal after the output of the data to the modulation transmission circuit is completed and a time longer than a time required for outputting the data to the modulation transmission circuit elapses. It is characterized by having such a configuration. [0020] Thereby, for example, after the data transmission is completed, the reset signal is inadvertently output when the power supply voltage rises slowly due to, for example, a large internal capacitance of the semiconductor integrated circuit. Can be prevented.
- a high-voltage-side reset signal generating circuit that outputs a reset signal for resetting the transmission control circuit to the transmission control circuit when the power supply voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold value
- the high-voltage-side reset signal generation circuit is configured to output the transmission state signal during a period in which the transmission state signal is being output, and to lower the threshold value than a period.
- the high-voltage-side reset signal generation circuit has a voltage-dividing resistor for dividing the power supply voltage, and outputs the reset signal when the voltage divided by the voltage-dividing resistor is higher than a predetermined reference voltage. It is configured to output.
- the high-voltage-side reset signal generation circuit changes the voltage division ratio such that the divided voltage is higher during a period when the transmission state signal is output than during a period when the transmission state signal is not output. It is characterized by having such a configuration.
- the voltage dividing resistor is a series resistor composed of three or more resistor resistors
- the high voltage side reset signal generating circuit is characterized in that the voltage dividing ratio is changed by changing the number of the series resistors for dividing the power supply voltage.
- a non-contact information medium comprising: the semiconductor integrated circuit according to claim 1; and an antenna coil connected to the semiconductor integrated circuit and configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves.
- a data transmitting / receiving device for supplying a power supply voltage and transmitting / receiving data to / from the non-contact type information medium by electromagnetic waves
- non-contact information medium non-contact IC card
- a data transmitting / receiving device reader / writer
- the communicable distance between a non-contact information medium (semiconductor integrated circuit) and a reader / writer that performs non-contact communication with the non-contact information medium is extended,
- data can be transmitted and received stably even when the power supply voltage drops.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a contactless IC card system.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a contactless IC card LSI according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a modulation circuit and a rectifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a magnetic field intensity and a modulation factor.
- FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between a return signal TXDATA and a voltage between coil terminals, a power supply voltage, a reset detection lower limit signal, and the like.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a reset generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a waveform chart showing timing of switching a switch signal SW and fluctuation of a power supply voltage.
- FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between a return signal TXDATA and a reset detection voltage in a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of a configuration of a contactless information system (contactless IC card system) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- This contactless IC card system includes a contactless IC card 1000 and a reader / writer 2000. Further, the reader / writer 2000 is connected to and communicates with the host machine 3000 which performs predetermined data processing.
- the non-contact IC card system having such a configuration, when the non-contact IC card 1000 is brought close to the reader / writer 2000, the power supply voltage is supplied by electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves are used even in the non-contact state. Data communication is performed. This data communication is performed in such a procedure that the reader / writer 2000 transmits data to the non-contact IC card 1000, and then the non-contact IC card 1000 returns data to the reader / writer 2000. As a result of this data communication, the reader / writer 2000 can acquire data such as personal information stored in the memory of the contactless IC card 1000. Furthermore, if the reader / writer 2000 communicates with the host machine 3000 and transfers the data obtained by the reader / writer 2000 to the host machine 3000, the data recorded on the contactless IC card 1000 can be widely used. Meeting.
- the contactless IC card 1000 is an LSI1100 for contactless IC card and an antenna.
- the antenna coil 1200 is provided with an antenna coil 1200 and a tuning capacitor 1300.An electromagnetic wave output from the antenna coil 2100 of the reader / writer 2000 is received by the antenna coil 1200. It operates in response to this.
- the contactless IC card LSI 1100 includes an analog circuit section 100, a logic circuit section 200, a nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 for storing data, and coil terminals 410 and 420. Being done.
- the coil terminals 410 to 420 of the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 are connected to the antenna coil 1200 by a force S, and the antenna coil 1200 is connected to a tuning capacitor 1300. Therefore, when antenna coil 1200 receives an electromagnetic wave from reader / writer 2000, an AC voltage is generated between coil terminal 410 and coil terminal 420, and the generated AC voltage is input to analog circuit section 100.
- the analog circuit section 100 includes a rectifier circuit 110, a power supply circuit 120, a clock generation circuit 130, a demodulation circuit 140, a modulation circuit 150, and a reset generation circuit 160, as shown in FIG.
- the rectifier circuit 110 is a voltage doubler rectifier circuit including a diode 111 and a diode 112.
- the rectifier circuit 110 converts an AC voltage generated between the coil terminals 410 and 420 into a DC voltage. To stabilize the voltage and output the power supply voltage Vdd.
- Voltage doubler rectifiers have the characteristic that the voltage value obtained after rectification is higher than other types of rectifiers.
- the rectifier circuit 110 outputs a rectified signal (received data signal) to the demodulator circuit 140.
- the power supply circuit 120 sends the power supply voltage Vdd rectified by the rectification circuit 110 to the entire contactless IC card LSI 1100. As a result, the operation of the entire non-contact IC card LSI 1100 becomes possible.
- the clock generation circuit 130 outputs a clock signal CLK generated by receiving an AC voltage generated at both ends of the antenna coil 1200 to the logic circuit unit 200.
- the demodulation circuit 140 demodulates the received data signal and outputs a demodulated signal (demodulated signal RXDATA) to the logic circuit unit 200.
- the modulation circuit 150 is a load modulation type modulation circuit including a modulation degree adjustment resistor 151 and a modulation transistor 152, and a return signal TXDATA input from the logic circuit unit 200. And output the modulated signal to the coil terminals 410 and 420.
- the AC voltage (the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420) generated at both ends of the antenna coil 1200 is changed by the modulation transistor 152 and the modulation degree adjustment resistor 151 of the modulation circuit 150. That is, the load of the non-contact IC card 1000 changes.
- the resistance value of the modulation degree adjustment resistor 151 used in the modulation circuit 150 is set as follows.
- the characteristics of the modulation circuit 150 are represented by the modulation degree indicating the data communication capability of the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000.
- This degree of modulation is specified in the international standard ISOZIEC14443-2 for non-contact IC cards!
- the boundary solid line (1) in FIG. 4 the modulation having a modulation circuit 150, need to be in the upper region (30ZH 1 2 [mVp]) that are separated by a solid line (1) There is.
- the lower the magnetic field strength the lower the voltage generated in the non-contact IC card 1000. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the degree of modulation to enable data communication between the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000.
- the magnitude of the modulation degree hardly depends on the magnetic field strength, that is, the voltage generated between the coil terminals 410 and 420. This depends on the resistance value of the modulation degree adjusting resistor 151 of the modulation circuit 150. Therefore, by setting the resistance value of the modulation degree adjustment resistor 151 to a resistance value smaller than a predetermined value, the data communication between the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000 can be sufficiently performed even in a low magnetic field strength state. Therefore, it is possible to perform stable data communication by increasing the modulation degree.
- the reset generation circuit 160 responds to the switch signal SW (from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000 when it is at the High level)
- the threshold (reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset) that can be switched according to the current period is compared with the power supply voltage Vdd. If the power supply voltage Vdd falls below the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset, the logic Reset signal that resets the circuit section 200. RESET transitions from low level (L level) to high level (H level) and outputs it to the logic circuit section 200. When the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset is reached, the reset signal Change RESET to H level L level.
- the value (Vrel) used as the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset during the period when the switch signal SW is at the L level (period other than returning data) is such that the entire LSI 1100 for contactless IC cards does not malfunction.
- the voltage level is set to
- the value (Vre2) used during the period when the switch signal SW is at the H level (data return period) is a voltage level at which the logic circuit unit 200 does not malfunction at least, and the data
- the power supply voltage Vdd (the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420) is set to a voltage lower than the reduced state (the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 may malfunction at this voltage. ) ⁇
- the reset detection lower-limit voltage Vreset is switched depending on whether or not it is during the period in which data is being returned for the following reason.
- the period during which data is returned from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000 (the period during which the return signal TXDATA is at the output level of the logic circuit unit 200) is used for the modulation of the modulation circuit 150.
- the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 is sufficiently large (for example, when the contactless IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000 are close to each other)
- the transistor 152 is turned on and the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 drops. If the resistance of the modulation adjustment resistor 151 of the modulation circuit 150 is sufficiently large, the supply power is sufficiently large even when the modulation transistor 152 is in the on state. The voltage drop is small.
- the power supply voltage Vdd is reduced.
- the reset generation circuit 160 detects a drop in the power supply voltage Vdd and outputs the reset signal RESET to the non-contact IC card LSI 1100, the entire operation of the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 stops.
- the operation of the contactless IC card LSI 1100 stops, data communication between the contactless IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000 becomes impossible.
- the modulation degree adjusting resistor 151 if the resistance value of the modulation degree adjusting resistor 151 is reduced, the modulation degree is increased, but the width of the power supply voltage that decreases when data is returned from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000 is reduced. growing. On the other hand, if the resistance value of the modulation adjustment resistor 151 is increased, when the data is sent from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000, the width of the power supply voltage that decreases is small, but in the state of low magnetic field strength, The degree of modulation is reduced.
- the value of the modulation degree adjustment resistor 151 of the modulation circuit 150 is set to a value at which a sufficient modulation degree can be obtained, and the reset signal RESET is set to the H level even when the width of the reduced power supply voltage Vdd is large.
- the above-mentioned conditions must be satisfied during the period when data is being returned from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000.
- the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset of the reset generation circuit 160 needs to be lower than the power supply voltage (Vdd2) at the time of returning data.
- the reset generation circuit 160 includes an inverter 161, a reset detection lower limit voltage setting transistor 162, resistors 163 to 165, a reference voltage generation circuit 166, and a comparator 167. Is done.
- the inverter 161 inverts the level of the switch signal SW.
- the reset detection lower limit voltage setting transistor 162 is connected to a resistor (resistor) connected in series so that the switch signal SW is input to the gate terminal via the inverter 161 to divide the power supply voltage Vdd and drop it. 163-165)! Thus, when the switch signal SW is at the H level, the voltage at the connection point between the resistor 163 and the resistor 164 becomes the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the resistors 163 to 165 are resistors having resistance values of Rl, R2, and R3, respectively, and divide the power supply voltage Vdd to drop.
- the reference voltage generation circuit 166 is a circuit that generates a predetermined voltage, and is configured by, for example, a band gap reference voltage generation circuit or the like. In the following description, an example in which the output voltage Vref of the reference voltage generation circuit 166 is about 1.2 V will be described.
- the comparator 167 compares the voltage VR at the connection point between the resistor 164 and the resistor 165 with the output voltage Vref of the reference voltage generation circuit 166.
- the reset generation circuit 160 adjusts the voltage VR at the connection point between the resistors 164 and 165 when the switch signal SW is sent from the logic circuit unit 200. By raising the voltage to the predetermined voltage, the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset can be reduced to the predetermined voltage.
- Voltage VR can be set extremely easily only by setting the resistance values of resistors 163 to 165 to a predetermined value.
- the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset ( Vrel) when the switch signal SW power level is 4.5 [V]
- the output voltage Vref of the reference voltage generation circuit 166 is 1.2 V
- R1 + R2 + R3 1 [MQ]
- the resistance values Rl, R2, And R3 are determined uniformly by solving the following simultaneous equations of (Equation 1) to (Equation 3).
- the reset detection lower limit voltage setting transistor 162 reduces the power supply voltage Vdd according to the state of the switch signal SW. Since the number of devices is changed, two types of reset detection lower limit voltages Vrel and Vre2 can be switched with a simple circuit configuration without increasing the circuit scale.
- the logic circuit unit 200 outputs a switch signal SW to the reset generation circuit 160 to switch the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset when data is returned from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000. Has become. Specifically, it outputs the H-level switch signal SW during the data return period, and outputs the L-level switch signal SW during periods other than the data return period. The timing when the switch signal SW is changed to the H level is the same as when data is output to the modulation circuit 150. This allows the reset detection lower limit voltage to be switched to a lower value before the power supply voltage drops below the reset detection lower limit voltage.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of each signal waveform when data communication is performed between the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000.
- the return signal TXDATA is in the L level state
- the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 is reduced to Vdd 2 by the modulation circuit 150.
- the return signal TXDATA becomes the L level and the H level
- the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 rises toward the VddO level, and as the voltage rises, the power supply voltage Vdd becomes It rises from Vdd2 to VddO.
- the rising speed of the power supply voltage Vdd differs depending on the capacitance parasitically contained in the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 and the added capacitance. Specifically, when the internal capacity of the contactless IC card LSI 1100 is large, as shown by the solid line (2) in FIG. 7, when data is returned from the contactless IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000, The power supply voltage Vdd rises slowly.
- the reset detection lower-limit voltage Vreset of the reset generation circuit 160 is reduced as shown by the dotted line (5) in FIG. Stand up to Vrel I will.
- the reset generation circuit 160 outputs the H-level reset signal RESET, and data communication between the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000 cannot be performed. Therefore, the logic circuit section 200 needs to delay the fall timing of the switch signal SW as described above.
- the logic circuit unit 200 determines the fall timing of the switch signal SW from the rise timing of the return signal TXDATA to be sent to the modulation circuit 150 for a period longer than the period of the return signal TXDATA power level. You only have to delay it. Specifically, since the modulation frequency in the international standard for contactless IC cards “ISOZlEC14443 Type B” is 848 kHz, the switch signal SW is switched only for 1.18 [s Z2], that is, 590 [ns] or more. May be delayed. Specifically, the logic circuit unit 200 is configured to use the clock signal CLK output from the clock generation circuit 130 to transition the level of the switch signal SW at the timing described above.
- the logic circuit unit 200 outputs a control signal Ctrl and an address signal Add to the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300 to read and write the data signal DATA for the address. Has become.
- the logic circuit unit 200 performs a reset operation at the timing when the reset signal RESET level changes to the H level.
- the logic circuit unit 200 does not output the control signal Ctrl to the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300.
- the logic circuit unit 200 cannot access the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300.
- the logic circuit section 200 outputs the control signal Ctrl to the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300.
- the moment when the reset signal RESET switches from the H level to the L level is the moment when the access to the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300 becomes possible.
- the logic circuit unit 200 can read and write data stored in the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300 as described above. [0074] Therefore, it is not only possible for an external device such as the reader / writer 2000 to transmit data to the non-contact IC card 1000, but also for the non-volatile memory circuit section from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000. The data stored in 300 can be returned.
- the logic circuit unit 200 buffers the data (data to be returned) read from the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300, and transmits the data from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000. Changes the reply signal TXDATA from the H level to the L level to the modulation circuit 150, and outputs buffered data.
- the reason why the non-volatile memory circuit section 300 is not operated when returning the read data and the data that has been not used is used is as follows.
- the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset of the reset generation circuit 160 is Vre2 (3.0 [V] or less).
- the logic circuit unit 200 outputs the control signal Ctrl to the non-volatile memory circuit unit 300 in the case where the power supply voltage is reduced to the above, the non-volatile memory circuit unit 300 is operated. Since the logic circuit section 200 is usually composed of only logic gates, it normally operates without any problem even when the power supply voltage Vdd falls to about 3.0 [V].
- the non-volatile memory circuit section 300 is constituted by memory cells and the like in addition to the logic gate, the non-volatile memory circuit section 300 is operated in a state where the power supply voltage Vdd drops to about 3.0 [V].
- the time for writing to the memory cells included in the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 does not reach the specified value, and normal operation cannot be guaranteed.
- the power supply voltage Vdd drops to about 3.0 [V]
- the logic circuit unit 200 when replying data from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000 as described above, the logic circuit unit 200 outputs the control signal Ctr 1 to the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300. In this way, the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 is not operated in this way, and only the logic circuit section 200 is operated to output buffered data to the modulation circuit 150.
- the antenna coil 1200 After an AC voltage is generated and rectified by the rectifier circuit 110, it is output as the power supply voltage Vdd by the power supply circuit 120 and supplied to the entire non-contact IC card LSI 1100.
- the data transmitted from the reader / writer 2000 is received by the antenna coil 1200 and then input to the demodulation circuit 140 via the rectification circuit 110 and demodulated.
- the logic circuit unit 200 When returning data from the non-contact IC card 1000 to the reader / writer 2000, the logic circuit unit 200 first sends the control signal Ctrl and the address signal Add to the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300. Is output, the data to be returned is read from the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300 and stored in the buffer.
- the logic circuit section 200 keeps the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 from operating by setting the control signal Ctrl to L level. Then, the logic circuit section 200 outputs the L-level reply signal TXDATA to the modulation circuit 150, so that the modulation transistor 152 of the modulation circuit 150 is turned on.
- the coil terminals 410 and 420 are connected via the modulation degree adjusting resistor 151 during the period when the return signal TXDATA is at the L level, the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 Since the reset detection lower limit voltage Vreset of the reset generation circuit 160 is switched to Vre2 by the nonvolatile memory circuit unit 300, even if the voltage between the coil terminals 410 and 420 decreases, the logic circuit unit Data 200 (return signal TXDATA) that cannot be reset is returned to the reader / writer 2000 via the modulation circuit 150.
- the logic circuit operable at a lower voltage than the nonvolatile memory circuit unit holds the data to be returned, and further returns the reset detection lower limit voltage to the data.
- the modulation depth is made sufficiently large to extend the communicable distance between the contactless IC card and the reader / writer, and to stably transmit and receive data. It can be performed. That is, the semiconductor integrated circuit of the present invention is useful for application to a proximity type (communication distance of 0 to 10 cm) non-contact IC card, which is expected to be widely used in the near future.
- the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 of the first embodiment may be further provided with a high voltage side reset generation circuit in which an inverter for inverting the output of the comparator 167 is added to the reset generation circuit 160.
- the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 is configured such that the switch signal SW is input from the logic circuit unit 200 and the reset signal RESET is output to the logic circuit unit 200 in the high-voltage side reset generation circuit.
- the high-voltage-side reset generation circuit compares a threshold (reset detection upper limit voltage V′reset) switched according to a switch signal SW input from the logic circuit unit 200 with a power supply voltage Vdd, and performs reset detection.
- a threshold reset detection upper limit voltage V′reset
- the reset signal RESET that resets the logic circuit section 200 is changed to L level and H level and output to the logic circuit section 200, and the reset detection upper limit voltage reset
- the reset signal RESET transitions from H level to L level.
- the power supply voltage Vdd drops from VddO to Vdd2.
- the value (Vre3) used as the reset detection upper limit voltage V'reset during the switch signal SW level period (period other than data return) is Vre3> VddO Is set to the following voltage level.
- the value (Vre4) used during the period when the switch signal SW is at the H level (data return period) is set to a voltage level such that Vre4> Vdd2.
- a third party inputs power from outside the contactless IC card LSI 1100 according to the present modification, and signals inside the contactless IC card LSI 1100 and data stored in the nonvolatile memory circuit section 300 are input. If a malicious attempt is made to read or rewrite the data, a third party must input an external voltage instead of the power supply voltage Vdd.
- the non-contact IC card system according to the present modification can easily improve the safety of the non-contact IC card LSI 1100 easily without complicating the circuit configuration of the reset generation circuit 160. Become.
- the reset generation circuit 160 when the switch signal SW that does not determine the two types of reset detection lower limit voltages Vrel and Vre2 as described above is input.
- the L-level reset signal RESET may always be output to the logic circuit unit 200. Even with such a configuration, data communication between the non-contact IC card 1000 and the reader / writer 2000 can be maintained.
- the output voltage of the reference voltage generation circuit 166 is merely an example. If the resistors 163 to 165 are set to a predetermined value, the present invention is applied to a circuit that outputs a voltage different from this output voltage. be able to.
- rectifier circuit 110 Although an example in which a voltage doubler rectifier circuit is used as rectifier circuit 110 has been described, a rectifier circuit that rectifies radio waves with a full-wave rectifier circuit or a half-wave rectifier circuit may be used.
- a modulation circuit for modulating the power supply voltage Vdd may be used. No.
- a semiconductor integrated circuit according to the present invention and a non-contact information system equipped with the same include a non-contact information medium (semiconductor integrated circuit) and a reader / writer that communicates with the non-contact information medium in a non-contact state.
- This has the effect of extending the communicable distance between the devices and stably transmitting and receiving data even when the power supply voltage drops when returning data from a non-contact information medium to a reader / writer.
- the present invention is useful as a semiconductor integrated circuit supplied with power by electromagnetic waves, and an information system (non-contact information system) including a non-contact information medium on which the semiconductor integrated circuit is mounted.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006512338A JP4238265B2 (ja) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-04-12 | 半導体集積回路、及びこれを搭載した非接触型情報システム |
DE602005026000T DE602005026000D1 (de) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-04-12 | Integrierte halbleiterschaltung und informationssystem des kontaktlosen typs damit |
EP05730561A EP1742172B1 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-04-12 | Semiconductor integrated circuit and contactless type information system including the same |
US10/590,994 US7850086B2 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-04-12 | Semiconductor integrated circuit and noncontact information system including it |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-120168 | 2004-04-15 | ||
JP2004120168 | 2004-04-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005101304A1 true WO2005101304A1 (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
Family
ID=35150199
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/007073 WO2005101304A1 (ja) | 2004-04-15 | 2005-04-12 | 半導体集積回路、及びこれを搭載した非接触型情報システム |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7850086B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1742172B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4238265B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100449568C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005026000D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005101304A1 (ja) |
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JP2018085036A (ja) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-31 | ラピスセミコンダクタ株式会社 | 半導体装置、通信装置およびリセット方法 |
JP2019520028A (ja) * | 2016-04-04 | 2019-07-11 | アップル インコーポレイテッドApple Inc. | 誘導電力送信機 |
US10840744B2 (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2020-11-17 | Apple Inc. | Inductive power transmitter |
JP6798052B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-04 | 2020-12-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非接触式通信媒体、磁気テープカートリッジ、非接触式通信媒体の動作方法、及びプログラム |
JP6820448B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-04 | 2021-01-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非接触式通信媒体、磁気テープカートリッジ、非接触式通信媒体の動作方法、及びプログラム |
JP7624502B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 | 2025-01-30 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | 電力ベースのヘッドルーム制御を有する電気めっきコントローラ |
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WO2010038582A1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Reset signal generation circuit and semiconductor device |
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JP6798053B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-04 | 2020-12-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非接触式通信媒体、磁気テープカートリッジ、非接触式通信媒体の動作方法、及びプログラム |
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- 2005-04-12 EP EP05730561A patent/EP1742172B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-04-12 US US10/590,994 patent/US7850086B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-12 JP JP2006512338A patent/JP4238265B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2013013069A (ja) * | 2011-05-23 | 2013-01-17 | Intel Corp | 完全に無線の周辺アプリケーションをサポートするシステムインテグレーション |
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US10840744B2 (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2020-11-17 | Apple Inc. | Inductive power transmitter |
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JP2021125226A (ja) * | 2020-02-04 | 2021-08-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 非接触式通信媒体、磁気テープカートリッジ、非接触式通信媒体の動作方法、及びプログラム |
JP7624502B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 | 2025-01-30 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | 電力ベースのヘッドルーム制御を有する電気めっきコントローラ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1742172A1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
JP4238265B2 (ja) | 2009-03-18 |
DE602005026000D1 (de) | 2011-03-03 |
CN100449568C (zh) | 2009-01-07 |
US7850086B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
US20070188297A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
CN1914629A (zh) | 2007-02-14 |
JPWO2005101304A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
EP1742172A4 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
EP1742172B1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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