WO2003101034A1 - Systeme de communication, appareil a recepteur et procede de communication - Google Patents
Systeme de communication, appareil a recepteur et procede de communication Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003101034A1 WO2003101034A1 PCT/JP2003/006396 JP0306396W WO03101034A1 WO 2003101034 A1 WO2003101034 A1 WO 2003101034A1 JP 0306396 W JP0306396 W JP 0306396W WO 03101034 A1 WO03101034 A1 WO 03101034A1
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- Prior art keywords
- decoding
- received signal
- sample
- frame
- start point
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
- H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/33—Synchronisation based on error coding or decoding
- H03M13/336—Phase recovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
- H04L1/005—Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0057—Block codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
- H04L1/0063—Single parity check
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/0054—Detection of the synchronisation error by features other than the received signal transition
- H04L7/0062—Detection of the synchronisation error by features other than the received signal transition detection of error based on data decision error, e.g. Mueller type detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0024—Carrier regulation at the receiver end
- H04L2027/0026—Correction of carrier offset
- H04L2027/003—Correction of carrier offset at baseband only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0044—Control loops for carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0053—Closed loops
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0044—Control loops for carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0063—Elements of loops
- H04L2027/0067—Phase error detectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication system capable of performing synchronous control without using a specific symbol such as a preamble or a user code, and in particular, relates to a LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) encoded signal.
- LDPC Low-Density Parity-Check
- the present invention relates to a communication system, a receiver, and a communication method capable of performing synchronization control by using a communication system. Background art
- the transmitting side transmits N signals (preambles) with inverted phases (see the upper and middle sections in Fig. 12).
- the receiving side detects the inversion of the phase in the preamble, outputs a synchronization signal at this timing (see the lower part of FIG. 12), and demodulates the data of the modulated wave.
- the number of N is often set to 10 or more so that synchronization can be accurately established even on a noisy communication path.
- the receiving side confirms whether or not the received frame is a communication frame directed to itself by using a user code transmitted after the above-mentioned preamble (see FIG. 13). At this time, the receiving side performs user detection based on whether it matches the unique code assigned to its own device. Generally, at least one byte (8 bits) or more is often assigned to this user code in order to reduce the probability of a code pattern accidentally matching due to noise or the like.
- various control codes are arranged before and after the above-mentioned user code, and user data (payload data) is arranged after them (see FIG. 13). .
- the communication frame is made redundant because synchronization control is performed by arranging a preamble and a user code in the communication frame.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a communication system, a receiver, and a communication method capable of performing accurate synchronization control without using a preamble or a user code. Disclosure of the invention
- the transmitter that executes the LDPC encoding process, and a plurality of sample points that are candidates for the sample start point use the “sum-product algorithm” for the received signal once ( A decoding means for performing the LDPC decoding of 1), and a phase error estimating means for performing a phase error estimation by a minimum mean square error (MMSE) method using the soft decision information output in the decoding process. And a correction unit that corrects a received signal based on the estimation result.
- a decoding means for performing the LDPC decoding of 1 the phase error estimating means for performing a phase error estimation by a minimum mean square error (MMSE) method using the soft decision information output in the decoding process.
- MMSE minimum mean square error
- the receiver further determines whether or not to end the correction processing, by determining whether the latest absolute value of the log likelihood ratio ( ⁇ ) and the previous log likelihood ratio are the same. Judgment is made by comparing the average of the absolute values ( ⁇ ). If the result of the judgment is ⁇ , the LDPC decoding and the correction processing are executed again using the corrected received signal. If B ⁇ A as a result of iterative decoding using the received signal, the correction processing is terminated, and then the maximum of the average of the absolute values of the log likelihood ratios corresponding to the sample start point candidates is obtained.
- a frame synchronization control unit that selects a value corresponding to the maximum value and sets a point corresponding to the maximum value as a sample start point of the frame, wherein the decoding unit reaches a predetermined number of times for the selected frame. Or until the error is eliminated, and JP ⁇ insole to repeatedly execute the L D P C decoding.
- the receiver has a carrier sense. It is characterized in that a candidate for a sample start point is determined more.
- LDPC decoding is performed on the received signal at a plurality of sample points that are candidates for the sample start point by the “sum-product algorithm”.
- correcting means for correcting are provided.
- whether or not to terminate the correction processing is further determined by the average of the absolute values of the latest log likelihood ratio (A) and the absolute value of the previous log likelihood ratio. Is compared with the average (B) . If B ⁇ A as a result of the above determination, the LDPC decoding and correction processing are executed again using the corrected received signal. If B ⁇ A as a result of iterative decoding using the received signal of the above, the correction processing is terminated, and then the average of the absolute values of the log likelihood ratios corresponding to the sample start point candidates is calculated. And a frame synchronization control unit that selects a maximum value from, and uses a point corresponding to the maximum value as a frame sampling start point.
- the decoding means performs a predetermined number of iterations on the selected frame. Force or error free Until, and executes repeatedly LDPC decoding.
- the receiver according to the next invention is characterized in that a candidate for a sample start point is determined by carrier sense.
- a first decoding step of performing one (iteration: 1) LDP C decoding on a received signal at a predetermined sample point by a “sum-product algorithm”
- the step and whether or not to end the correction processing are determined by comparing the average of the latest absolute value of the log likelihood ratio (A) with the average of the absolute value of the previous log likelihood ratio (B). And if the result of the determination is that B ⁇ A, the reception signal after the correction is determined.
- LDPC decoding and correction processing using the received signal and if B ⁇ A as a result of iterative decoding using the corrected received signal, the correction processing ends and the number of iterations reaches a predetermined number. And a second decoding step of repeatedly performing LDPC decoding until the error is reached or there are no more errors.
- LDPC decoding is performed once (iteration: 1) by a “sum-product algorithm” on a received signal at a plurality of sample points that are candidates for sample start points.
- a first decoding step a phase error estimation step of performing a phase error estimation by a minimum mean square error method (MMSE) using the soft decision information output in the decoding process, and A first correction step of correcting the received signal based on the above, and determining whether to end the correction processing.
- Correction step On the other hand, if BA is obtained as a result of repeatedly executing decoding using the corrected received signal, the correction process is terminated, and the average of the absolute values of the log likelihood ratios corresponding to the sample start point candidates is obtained.
- a frame synchronization step in which the maximum value is selected from among the above, and the point corresponding to the maximum value is the sampling start point of the frame, and whether the number of iterations reaches a predetermined number of times or an error for the selected frame.
- a second decoding step in which LDPC decoding is repeatedly performed until there is no more.
- a communication method according to the next invention is characterized in that a candidate for a sample start point is determined by carrier sense.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a communication system according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a frame structure
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing parameters related to communication between communication devices.
- Fig. 4 is a diagram showing parameters related to communication between communication devices.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the average value of the absolute value of LLR at each sample point
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the probability of a frame error
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing ⁇
- + FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a probability of a frame error
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a BER characteristic
- FIG. 10 is a probability density of an estimated value of a timing offset.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a probability density distribution of an estimated value of a frequency offset
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a conventional synchronization control method
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a conventional user detection method.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a communication system according to the present invention. Specifically, (a) shows the configuration of a communication device (transmitter) on the transmitting side, and (b) shows the configuration of the communication device on the receiving side. (Receiver).
- 1 is an encoding unit
- 2 is a carrier sense unit
- 3 is a sampling unit
- 4 is a multiplier
- 5 is a decoding unit
- 6 is a phase error estimating unit.
- 7 is a frame determination unit.
- Each communication device in the above communication system employs an LDPC code as an error correction code.
- an LDPC code As an error correction code.
- an AWGN Additional White Gaussian Noise
- the received signal y k in the receiving communication device can be expressed by the following equation (1).
- Lc be the code length, and ( ⁇ is the encoded sequence of ⁇ ? Where n k is 2 ⁇ . 2 complex additive white Gaussian noise.
- the sample point k of the complex received signal includes the sample points of the real axis and the imaginary axis (for two points), and the interval between the sample points on the time axis is T s. That is, on the time axis, sample points of the real axis and the imaginary axis occur alternately at the interval Ts.
- the coded sequence ck of QPSK is given by the following equation (2).
- the received signals corresponding to and u 2k are r 2k — t and r 2k , respectively.
- the received signal y k can be modeled as in the following equation (3).
- ⁇ is the timing offset and ⁇ ⁇ is the carrier frequency offset.
- y k eorialc k + n k ⁇ ′ (3)
- the basic operation of the frame synchronization control using the LDPC code will be described.
- the LDPC-coded signal is decoded using the “sum-product algorithm” that is a general decoding method.
- frame synchronization control is performed using the average value of the absolute value of the LLR (log likelihood ratio) output from the “suni-product algorithm”. It is assumed that the frame length is equal to the codeword length.
- the receiver (communication device on the receiving side) has a function (carrier sense) that can detect carrier power. This carrier sense function estimates the approximate start position of the received frame.
- the code word bi 2, ..., using the LDP C code I ⁇ for producing L c), the data of binary codes spoon. It is assumed that the codeword has already been mapped to the signal constellation point. Also, the real axis is u 2k _! ⁇ + 1, — 1 ⁇ and the imaginary axis is u 2k ⁇ +1, one 1 ⁇ .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a frame structure.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing parameters related to communication between the communication devices.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of an ensemble (weight distribution) of “I rregu 1 ar—LDPC code”, where ⁇ x is the ratio of the total weight included in the column of weight X to the weight of the entire parity check matrix. Where p x represents the ratio of the total weight contained in the row of weight X to the weight of the entire parity check matrix, and No. represents the number of columns or rows of weight X.
- ⁇ ⁇ is an estimated threshold value expressed by the Gaussian approximation method using the standard deviation of the channel noise, and is SNR n .
- rm (GA) is the difference from the Shannon limit expressed in dB It is.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the average of the absolute values of LLR at each sample point, given by equation (5).
- the receiver can accurately establish frame synchronization by detecting the maximum point from the average of the absolute values of LLR.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the probability of a frame error due to different timing offsets from 0 degrees to 45 degrees.
- the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed while correcting the timing offset and the frequency offset.
- the operation of the receiver of the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Note that the transmitter (corresponding to the encoding unit 1) operates in the same manner as described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the timing offset / frequency offset is estimated using the soft decision bits output by the “sum-product algorithm” in a state where synchronization with respect to the sample timing and the carrier frequency is not established. I do.
- the receiver executes an extended “sum-product algorithm” using the least mean square error method (MMSE).
- MMSE least mean square error method
- E ⁇ indicates the average value.
- phase error estimator 6 estimates the phase error ( ⁇ ′) by MMS E, that is, according to the following equations (8) and (9). Nfc I c]
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a regression line of ⁇ ′ + ⁇ ′.
- ⁇ _ represents the average of the soft decision phase error.
- the frame judgment unit 7 the whether to terminate the correction of the phase error, determined by comparing child mean value m 1 of the latest LLR and the preceding average value m 14 of the LLR I do.
- the average of is given by the following equation (13). mu IL 1 (13)
- the decoding is continued until t ⁇ .
- the basic operation of the frame synchronization control using the LDPC code and the operation of the receiver of the present embodiment for performing the frame synchronization control and the decoding process while correcting the timing offset / frequency offset are described above.
- the decoding characteristics of the receiver according to the present embodiment will be analyzed below.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the probability of a frame error due to different timing offsets from 0 to 45 degrees when the receiver according to the present embodiment is used (when phase error correction by MMSE is performed). .
- an accurate frame position can be detected with an SNR of about 2 dB even when the timing offset reaches 30 degrees.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing BER characteristics. In the figure, "0 degree”, “20 degree”
- “,” “40 degrees”, and “45 degrees” indicate the timing offset values, respectively.
- the frequency offset is uniformly set to 0.0036 degrees (1 l Op pm). For example, ⁇ : — 0.0036 degrees (one 10 ppm) and the number of repetitions
- the power is not degraded by about 0.8 dB compared to "0 degree".
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the probability density distribution of the estimated value of the timing offset
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the probability density distribution of the estimated value of the frequency offset. From these figures, the timing offset and frequency offset estimates are E b ZN beyond the Gaussian approximation threshold. It can be seen that the accuracy increases as the value increases.
- general decoding processing (“sum-product algorithm”) is configured to have a soft-decision phase error correction function using MMSE. That is, the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed without correcting the timing offset and the frequency offset without using PLL. Thereby, for example, in the case of QPSK modulation, good characteristics (decoding performance) can be obtained even when a timing offset close to 40 degrees occurs.
- the general decoding processing (“sum-product algorithm”) has a soft-decision phase error correction function using MMSE. As a result, for example, even when a timing offset close to 40 degrees occurs, it is possible to obtain a communication system capable of suppressing deterioration in characteristic (decoding performance).
- the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed without correcting the timing offset and the frequency offset by using the frame configuration that does not include the preamble and the user code without using PLL. This has the effect of preventing useless redundancy of frames and obtaining a communication system capable of detecting an accurate frame position.
- 2 M + 1 sample start point candidates are determined using the carrier sense function.
- this carrier sense function it is possible to obtain a communication system capable of effectively estimating a rough start position of a received frame (candidate of a sample start point).
- the general decoding processing (“sum_product algorithm”) is configured to have a soft-decision phase error correction function using MMS E.
- a preamble and a user code can be used without using a PLL.
- the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed while compensating for the timing offset and the frequency offset in a frame configuration that does not include the frame offset. As a result, it is possible to prevent useless redundancy of frames and to obtain a receiver capable of detecting an accurate frame position.
- 2 M + 1 samples at the start of the sample; 3 ⁇ 4 are determined using the carrier sense function.
- this carrier sense function it is possible to obtain a receiver capable of effectively estimating the approximate start position of a received frame (candidate of the starting point of sample).
- the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed without correcting the timing offset / frequency offset in a frame configuration that does not include the preamplifier or the user code without using PLL.
- the frame synchronization control and the decoding process are performed without correcting the timing offset / frequency offset in a frame configuration that does not include the preamplifier or the user code without using PLL.
- the sign of 2 M + 1 sample start points; ⁇ is determined using the carrier sense function.
- This carrier sense function has an effect that a rough start position of a received frame (candidate of a sample start point) can be effectively estimated.
- the communication system, the receiver, and the communication method according to the present invention are useful for a system that performs synchronization control without using a specific symbol such as a preamble or a user code. It is suitable for a communication system that performs synchronization control using the generated signal.
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Description
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/491,670 US7460610B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2003-05-22 | Communication system, receiver, and communication method for correcting transmission communication errors |
EP03730579A EP1507354A4 (en) | 2002-05-23 | 2003-05-22 | COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, RECEIVER DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION PROCESS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002/149174 | 2002-05-23 | ||
JP2002149174A JP3946087B2 (ja) | 2002-05-23 | 2002-05-23 | 通信システム、受信機および通信方法 |
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WO2003101034A1 true WO2003101034A1 (fr) | 2003-12-04 |
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PCT/JP2003/006396 WO2003101034A1 (fr) | 2002-05-23 | 2003-05-22 | Systeme de communication, appareil a recepteur et procede de communication |
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US (1) | US7460610B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1507354A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3946087B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN100346593C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003101034A1 (ja) |
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WO2005086444A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-15 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for carrier recovery in a communications system |
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- 2003-05-22 CN CNB03801534XA patent/CN100346593C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-22 CN CNA200710153611XA patent/CN101114897A/zh active Pending
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US7460610B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 |
EP1507354A4 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
CN100346593C (zh) | 2007-10-31 |
US20040240481A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
CN101114897A (zh) | 2008-01-30 |
JP2003348064A (ja) | 2003-12-05 |
JP3946087B2 (ja) | 2007-07-18 |
EP1507354A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
CN1593032A (zh) | 2005-03-09 |
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