WO2003016935A2 - Dispositif pour l'etude d'un materiau par rmn - Google Patents
Dispositif pour l'etude d'un materiau par rmn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003016935A2 WO2003016935A2 PCT/FR2002/002891 FR0202891W WO03016935A2 WO 2003016935 A2 WO2003016935 A2 WO 2003016935A2 FR 0202891 W FR0202891 W FR 0202891W WO 03016935 A2 WO03016935 A2 WO 03016935A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- loops
- group
- loop
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/34046—Volume type coils, e.g. bird-cage coils; Quadrature bird-cage coils; Circularly polarised coils
- G01R33/34053—Solenoid coils; Toroidal coils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/34046—Volume type coils, e.g. bird-cage coils; Quadrature bird-cage coils; Circularly polarised coils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
- G01R33/383—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using permanent magnets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to devices for studying materials by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance defined by the acronym "NMR", in particular devices making it possible to evaluate the density of the protons present in a given body, which find particularly advantageous applications, in particular , in the food industry to determine for example the amount of water and / or fat in food and in the oil industry to determine for example the amount of water in the surrounding rock the wall of a well, the distribution of the porosity of this rock and / or its permeability.
- NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- a transmitting antenna constituted for example by a flat coil supplied by a radiofrequency electric current generator, is associated with the magnetic source so that the lines of force of the radiofrequency (RF) magnetic field induced by this coil when it is supplied by the radiofrequency electric current, make, in the area of the material to be investigated, a non-zero angle with the lines of force of the static magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and advantageously equal to ninety degrees.
- the frequency of the RF radiofrequency field is such that it corresponds to the precession frequency of the protons in the static field in order to induce a resonant interaction between the protons and the radiofrequency field. This interaction makes it possible to rotate the polarization of the protons from pulses of the radiofrequency field by an angle depending on the amplitude of the radiofrequency field and the duration of the pulses.
- the device further comprises a receiving antenna constituted for example by a coil which can be constituted by the same coil as the transmitting coil, this antenna in its receiving function picking up the magnetic field produced by the protons when the radiofrequency current is canceled and that they return to their initial polarization under the action only of the static field.
- a receiving antenna constituted for example by a coil which can be constituted by the same coil as the transmitting coil, this antenna in its receiving function picking up the magnetic field produced by the protons when the radiofrequency current is canceled and that they return to their initial polarization under the action only of the static field.
- the amplitude of the magnetic field detected by the antenna in its receptor function is a function of the number of protons that have been excited in the investigation area, and the time it takes for the protons to pass from their second polarization to the first, known by technicians as the "relaxation time" , is an image of the nature of the products to which these protons belonged.
- Figures 1 and 2 show by way of illustrative example an embodiment of such a device known from the prior art.
- It essentially comprises a permanent magnet 1 generally in the form of a cylinder of revolution whose direction of magnetization North-South 2 is located in a plane perpendicular to its axis 3. It also comprises a flat coil 4 whose turns 5 substantially planar surround the magnet 1 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- such a device produces a static induction B 0 which is almost homogeneous in a tubular cylinder surrounding the permanent magnet 1.
- the flat coil 4 When the flat coil 4 is supplied with a radio frequency current, it produces a radio induction -frequency Bi which is perpendicular to the static induction B 0 .
- this annular measurement zone 6 has at least one part common with the material to be analyzed.
- the permanent magnet 1 is therefore in a zone of strong radio-frequency induction, which can result in losses by eddy currents because the permanent magnets used (NdFeB, SmCo, ...) have a non-zero electrical conductivity.
- parasitic currents can therefore induce parasitic fields which, by superimposing on the field produced for the measurement, reduce the sensitivity of this measurement.
- the present invention therefore aims to provide a device for studying a material by NMR, of the permanent magnet type, which is more efficient than those of the prior art and which greatly reduces the parasitic effects induced by the currents. of eddy produced in the permanent magnet.
- the present invention relates to a device for studying a material by the NMR process, characterized in that it comprises: a permanent magnet capable of producing a static magnetic field , and means for creating an RF magnetic field respectively in two half-spaces each having a common area with the permanent magnet, the lines of force of the RF magnetic field in the two common areas being in opposite directions.
- the present invention also relates to a device for studying a material by the NMR process, characterized in that it comprises: a permanent magnet capable of producing a static magnetic field and having a substantially cylindrical shape having a plane of symmetry, and means for creating an RF magnetic field respectively in the two half-spaces limited substantially by said plane of symmetry and each having a common area with the permanent magnet, the lines of force of the RF magnetic field in the two common areas being in opposite directions.
- the present invention also relates to a device for studying a material by the NMR process, comprising: a permanent magnet of substantially cylindrical shape having a uniform magnetization in North-South direction, and at least one antenna, this antenna comprising two connection terminals able to be connected on the one hand to a controllable generator of radio frequency electric current and on the other hand to a receiver capable of analyzing the electrical signals delivered by the antenna to these connection terminals, characterized by the fact that said antenna comprises: • two groups of a plurality of half-loops all substantially identical, the half-loops of each group being located in planes substantially parallel to each other, the two ends of the half-loops of a same group being respectively located on two straight lines substantially perpendicular to the said planes, the two groups of half-loops being mounted in cooperation n with said magnet so that they are located on either side of said magnet by surrounding it at least partially and so that the two straight lines of each group are located on either side of said magnet being substantially parallel to the 'axis of said magnet, and
- FIGS. 1 and 2 represent, in schematic form, an embodiment of a device according to the prior art which is briefly described above
- Figures 3, 4 and 5 show respectively in perspective, in top view and in front view, a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for the study of a material by NMR
- Figure 4 comprising elements to explain the operation of this device
- Figure 6 shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention in agreement with the embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 to 5, but comprising an improvement compared to the first illustrated mode.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 respectively represent, in a schematic exploded perspective view, a third and a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 represents the electrical diagram of the two embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIGS. 3 to 9 represent four embodiments of the device according to the invention making it possible to evaluate the density of the protons present in a given body, with the possibility of identifying the material entering into the constitution of this body to which belonged to the protons.
- the same references designate the same elements there, whatever the figure on which they appear and whatever the form of representation of these elements.
- elements are not specifically referenced in one of the figures, their references can be easily found by referring to another figure.
- the object of the invention comprises "at least one" element having a given function
- the embodiment described may include several of these elements.
- the embodiment of the object according to the invention as illustrated comprises several elements with identical function and if, in the description, it is not specified that the object according to this invention must necessarily include a particular number of these elements, the subject of the invention could be defined as comprising "at least one" of these elements.
- the subject of the present invention is a device for studying a material by the NMR method, two embodiments of which are shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 3 to 6.
- the device essentially comprises a permanent magnet 21 capable of producing a static magnetic field B 0 and means for creating a radiofrequency magnetic field Bi hereinafter designated "RF magnetic field” respectively in two half-spaces each having a common area 61, 62 with the permanent magnet, the lines of force 64, 65 of the RF Bi magnetic field in the two common areas 61, 62 being in opposite directions, FIG. 5.
- RF magnetic field a radiofrequency magnetic field
- the device according to the invention comprises a permanent magnet 21 capable of producing a static magnetic field B 0 and having a substantially cylindrical shape having a plane of symmetry 60, and means for creating an RF magnetic field Bi respectively in the two half-spaces limited substantially by the plane of symmetry 60 and each having a common area 61, 62 with the permanent magnet, the lines of force 64, 65 of the RF Bi magnetic field in the two common areas 61, 62 being of s opposite sets.
- the device according to the invention comprises a permanent magnet 21 capable of producing a static magnetic field B 0 , this permanent magnet having a substantially cylindrical shape having a plane of symmetry 60 and a uniform magnetization of north-south direction 22 substantially perpendicular to its axis 23, and means for creating an RF Bi magnetic field respectively in two half-spaces limited substantially by the plane of symmetry 60 each having a common area 61, 62 with the permanent magnet, the lines of force 64, 65 of the magnetic field RF ⁇ in the two common areas 61, 62 being in opposite directions and substantially perpendicular to the North-South direction 22.
- the device according to the invention comprises a permanent magnet 21 having a uniform magnetization of North-South direction 22 to produce, in a manner known per se, a static induction B 0 , and at least one antenna 24 to produce an RF Bi magnetic field.
- This antenna has two connection terminals 25, 26 capable of being connected, in a manner known per se from the prior art, to supply means, for example a controllable generator of radio frequency RF electrical current, and possibly to reception means, for example a receiver capable of analyze the electrical signals delivered by the antenna to these two connection terminals.
- supply means for example a controllable generator of radio frequency RF electrical current
- reception means for example a receiver capable of analyze the electrical signals delivered by the antenna to these two connection terminals.
- the antenna defined above is constituted by at least one closed loop 27 situated in a plane substantially parallel to the North-South direction 22 and surrounding the permanent magnet 21, the two terminals of connection 25, 26 being constituted by two points 28, 29 of the closed loop 27 situated on a straight line 30 substantially cutting the loop into two substantially equal parts.
- the permanent magnet 21 is of substantially cylindrical shape, advantageously of revolution.
- the North-South direction 22 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and the closed loop 27 is substantially located in a pan perpendicular to this axis.
- the straight line 30 on which the two points 28, 29 of the closed loop 27 are located intersects the axis of revolution 23 of the permanent magnet 21.
- this straight line 30 is parallel to the North-South direction 22 but this representation is only a particular case.
- at least one 31 of the two branches 31, 32 of the closed loop 27 defined between the two connection terminals 25, 26 comprises a variable electrical impedance 33, for example a resistor of adjustable value such as a potentiometer or the like.
- the antenna 24 it is often advantageous, for many applications, in particular in the petroleum field, for the antenna 24 to consist of a plurality of closed loops 27 substantially situated in planes parallel to the north- South 22 and substantially parallel to each other, the closed loops surrounding the permanent magnet 21 so as to form a single composite coil of relatively great length to produce a total RF magnetic field Bi in a relatively large and long volume.
- connection terminals 25, 26 of the coil 24 are formed by the first and second points 28, 29 of each closed loop located on the right 30 as defined above, and by means 40 for electrically connecting together, on the one hand all of the first points 28 located on one side of the loop, and on the other hand all second points 29 located on the other side of the loop.
- These means 40 are for example constituted by electrically conductive strands.
- the permanent magnet 21 when the permanent magnet 21 is of cylindrical shape of revolution, all of the first points 28 located on one side of the loop and all of the second points 29 located on the other side of the loop are located in a plane passing through the axis of revolution. It is also very advantageous, as for the embodiments described above and for the same reasons, that at least one 31 of the two branches 31, 32 of at least one closed loop 27 of the plurality of closed loops defined between the two connection terminals 25, 26, has a variable electrical impedance 33. It is obvious that it will be advantageous for at least one of the branches of all the closed loops 27 to have such a variable electrical impedance 33.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show, in an exploded perspective view, two other embodiments of the device according to the invention, in which the device comprises a permanent magnet 21 of advantageous substantially cylindrical shape with axis 23, preferably of revolution, which has a uniform magnetization of North-South direction 22, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and at least one antenna 24, this antenna comprising two connection terminals 25, 26 able to be connected on the one hand to a controllable generator radio frequency electric current and on the other hand to a receiver able to analyze the electric signals delivered by the antenna to these connection terminals.
- the device comprises a permanent magnet 21 of advantageous substantially cylindrical shape with axis 23, preferably of revolution, which has a uniform magnetization of North-South direction 22, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and at least one antenna 24, this antenna comprising two connection terminals 25, 26 able to be connected on the one hand to a controllable generator radio frequency electric current and on the other hand to a receiver able to analyze the electric signals delivered by the antenna to these connection terminals.
- the antenna 24 comprises two groups 71, 72 of a plurality of half-loops 73, 74 all substantially identical, for example produced with electrically conductive wires.
- the half-loops of each group are located in planes which are substantially parallel to one another, and the two ends 75, 76 of the half-loops of the same group are respectively located on two straight lines 77, 78 - 79, 80 substantially perpendicular to these plans.
- the two groups of half-loops 71, 72 are further mounted in cooperation with the magnet 21 so that they are situated on either side of the magnet, surrounding it at least partially and that the two straight lines 77, 78 - 79, 80 of each group are located on either side of the permanent magnet, being substantially parallel to the axis 23 of the magnet and close to each other two by two .
- the device further comprises electrical conductors 81, 82 for connecting the half-loops of each group in series so that, for each group, one end of a half-loop situated on one of the two straight lines is directly electrically connected at the end of another half-loop located on the other right, and that the current flows through the half-loops of this group in the same direction.
- FIG. 9 represents, in a flat view, the electrical diagram of the two embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 8, with the two parts, respectively left and right, seen on either side of the magnet 21.
- each group 71, 72 of half-loops comprises only two half-loops, whereas, in the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8, each group comprises four.
- the number of half-loops for each group is only a function of the precision desired for the measurement and of the height of the annular zone desired for this measurement. Determining this number is within the skill of the art, and the number of half-loops shown in Figures 7 to 9 is completely arbitrary.
- these electrical conductors 81, 82 are constituted by electrical shunts substantially in the form of "U" defined in planes, the planes of these "U” being all, for a same group, substantially merged and substantially parallel to the axis 23 of the permanent magnet 21.
- the base 83, 84 of the "U" is advantageously located outside the space 85 delimited between the two planes 86, 87 perpendicular to the axis 23 of the magnet 21 and passing respectively by the two end faces 88, 89 of the permanent magnet 21.
- the two groups 71, 72 defined above have the same number of half-loops and each half-loop of a group is located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis 23 of the permanent magnet 21 as each half-loop of the other group.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/10888 | 2001-08-17 | ||
FR0110888A FR2828736A1 (fr) | 2001-08-17 | 2001-08-17 | Dispositif pour l'etude d'un materiau par rmn |
FR01/11771 | 2001-09-12 | ||
FR0111771A FR2829577B3 (fr) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | Dispositif pour l'etude d'un materiau par rmn |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003016935A2 true WO2003016935A2 (fr) | 2003-02-27 |
WO2003016935A3 WO2003016935A3 (fr) | 2004-01-22 |
Family
ID=26213148
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002891 WO2003016935A2 (fr) | 2001-08-17 | 2002-08-16 | Dispositif pour l'etude d'un materiau par rmn |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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WO (1) | WO2003016935A2 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0295134A2 (fr) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-14 | Numar Corporation | Appareils et méthodes d'examen par résonance magnétique nucléaire |
WO1999024844A1 (fr) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-20 | Varian, Inc. | Agencement coplanaire d'enroulements de sonde haute frequence et a supraconduction haute temperature (hts) pour excitation rmn multifrequence |
EP0932055A2 (fr) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-28 | Oxford Instruments Limited | Capteur RMN |
GB2348506A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2000-10-04 | Schlumberger Holdings | NMR well logging tool with low profile antenna |
-
2002
- 2002-08-16 WO PCT/FR2002/002891 patent/WO2003016935A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0295134A2 (fr) * | 1987-06-11 | 1988-12-14 | Numar Corporation | Appareils et méthodes d'examen par résonance magnétique nucléaire |
WO1999024844A1 (fr) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-05-20 | Varian, Inc. | Agencement coplanaire d'enroulements de sonde haute frequence et a supraconduction haute temperature (hts) pour excitation rmn multifrequence |
EP0932055A2 (fr) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-28 | Oxford Instruments Limited | Capteur RMN |
GB2348506A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2000-10-04 | Schlumberger Holdings | NMR well logging tool with low profile antenna |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003016935A3 (fr) | 2004-01-22 |
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