WO2001057133A1 - Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique - Google Patents
Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001057133A1 WO2001057133A1 PCT/FR2001/000299 FR0100299W WO0157133A1 WO 2001057133 A1 WO2001057133 A1 WO 2001057133A1 FR 0100299 W FR0100299 W FR 0100299W WO 0157133 A1 WO0157133 A1 WO 0157133A1
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- Prior art keywords
- weight
- monomers
- thermoplastic
- monomer
- polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229920001198 elastomeric copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- -1 alkoxyalkyl acrylates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012035 limiting reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001237745 Salamis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015175 salami Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000567 diterpene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 15
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012758 reinforcing additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAKVFSYQVNHFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-hydroxycyclopenten-1-yl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound OC1CCC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KAKVFSYQVNHFBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006527 (C1-C5) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006018 1-methyl-ethenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004648 C2-C8 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ipazine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 OWYWGLHRNBIFJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005482 Oroglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxidosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S[O-] HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930004069 diterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfite Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])=O DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940099427 potassium bisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010259 potassium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006352 transparent thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
Definitions
- the invention relates to impact-resistant compositions based on a thermoplastic methacrylic polymer or copolymer mainly containing methyl methacrylate units, in their methods of preparation, and in articles formed by extrusion, injection, compression obtained from these compositions. .
- These shaped articles have improved impact resistance as well as good mechanical properties, in particular in traction (elasticity modulus) while retaining a good, or even excellent, level of transparency.
- Methacrylic (co) polymers mainly containing methyl methacrylate units, are thermoplastic polymers which are increasingly used because of their exceptional optical properties (gloss, very high transparency with at least 90% light transmission in the visible), their hardness, their suitability for thermoforming, their resistance to aging, corrosion and atmospheric agents and the ease with which they can be transformed (cutting, polishing, gluing, folding).
- thermoplastic (co) polymers because they are rigid, are liable to break during the various stages of their transformation as well as during their transport and use.
- reinforcing additives based on elastomeric materials can be added to them.
- the impact-resistant methacrylic thermoplastic (co) polymer resins are conventionally obtained by hot mixing of an impact reinforcing additive resulting from the coagulation, dehydration and drying stages of an elastomer latex, with the particles of the thermoplastic or polymer resin "hard", which leads to what is called an alloy.
- impact reinforcing additives are generally polymeric substances having a structure with several layers, at least one of which consists of an elastomer phase. Their refractive index is adjusted to obtain a transparent material. Since it is the elastomer phase contained in the additive which imparts impact resistance, this additive is added to the rigid thermoplastic material to have a suitable proportion of the elastomer.
- compositions based on rigid methacrylic polymers mainly comprising methyl methacrylate units and having improved impact resistance and good mechanical properties, in particular in traction (elasticity modulus), while retaining their transparency, are very desirable. with a view to their use, in particular, as automobile glazing.
- the invention therefore relates to such compositions.
- the impact-resistant thermoplastic compositions according to the invention comprise (A) a matrix of thermoplastic methacrylic polymer or copolymer (P) mainly containing methyl methacrylate units and (B) at least one impact-enhancing additive and are characterized by what they understand, moreover, at least one grafted elastomeric copolymer (C) carrying methacrylic thermoplastic (co) polymer groups (P) grafted at least in hanging position on an elastomeric copolymer (C °), this elastomeric copolymer (C °) being obtained from (i) at least one vinylaromatic monomer (C 1 ), (ii) at least one monomer (C 2 ) chosen from linear or branched Ci-Cis alkyl acrylates , alkoxyalkyl acrylates in which the alkyl groups have from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and aralkyl acrylates in which the alkyl group (s) have from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and / or at
- droplet morphology is meant elastomer particles without inclusion of polymer (P).
- the term “mono-inclusion morphology of the capsule type” is intended to mean elastomer particles, generally substantially spherical, containing a single occlusion of polymer (P).
- multi-inclusion morphology of the salami type is meant elastomer particles containing several occlusions, generally substantially spherical, but not concentric, of polymer (P).
- thermoplastic (co) polymer (P) constituting the matrix (A) and the groups grafted onto the elastomeric copolymer (C °) comprises, by weight, from 51 to 100%, preferably 80 to 99% of methyl methacrylate units and 0 to 49%, preferably 1 to 20% of patterns comonomer (s) with ethylenic unsaturation which is copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate.
- the droplets, mono-inclusions and multi-inclusions are used to absorb the mechanical energy transmitted during the impact.
- the ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerized with methyl methacrylate are especially chosen in particular from acrylic, methacrylic and vinyl aromatic monomers.
- acrylic monomers mention may be made of acrylic acid, alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 8 carbon atoms (such as n-butyl, ethyl, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, d 'isobutyl), hydroxyalkyl or aikoxyalkyl acrylates, in which the alkyl groups have from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acrylamide, acrylionite.
- alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 8 carbon atoms (such as n-butyl, ethyl, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, d 'isobutyl), hydroxyalkyl or aikoxyalkyl acrylates, in which the alkyl groups have from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, acrylamide, acrylionite.
- methacrylic comonomers mention may be made of methacrylic acid, alkyl methacrylates in which the alkyl group has from 2 to 8 carbon atoms (such as ethyl, isobutyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl methacrylate) , methacrylonit ⁇ le, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl methacrylates in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- vinyl aromatic monomers mention may be made of styrene, substituted styrenes (such as ⁇ -methyl-styrene, monochlorostyrene and tert.-butyl-styrene).
- Component (B) can be a polymeric substance having a multi-layer structure, at least one of which consists of an elastomeric phase. These polymeric substances can thus be particles obtained by coagulation, by spray drying or atomization of an elastomer latex.
- the manufacture of such latexes, used for impact reinforcement of thermoplastic matrices, is well known to those skilled in the art. It is known in particular that by modifying the conditions of manufacture of these latexes, one can act on their morphology and, consequently, on their ability to improve the impact resistance and on their ability to maintain the optical properties of the matrix. to reinforce.
- elastomer latex The various morphologies of elastomer latex known to date can be used without disadvantage in the context of the present invention.
- a latex of “soft-hard” morphology whose first phase (or core) is elastomer and whose final “hard” phase (or outer layer) is a rigid thermoplastic polymer.
- These latexes can be obtained in two stages, for example, in a first stage, by emulsion polymerization, in aqueous medium, in the presence of an initiator generating free radicals and of an emulsifying agent, of at least one monomer.
- soft which must constitute the elastomer phase, chosen for example from monomers such as buta- diene, substituted or not, and the alkyl or aralkyl acrylates and, in a second stage, also by emulsion polymerization, in the presence of the polymer of the first stage, of at least one monomer which must constitute a phase " hard "compatible with the rigid thermoplastic polymer (matrix) whose impact resistance is to be improved.
- This or these (so-called “hard”) monomers can be chosen, for example, from alkyl methacrylates in which the alkyl group comprises from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene and substituted styrenes, acryionitrile monomers and methacrylonitrile.
- the "hard” phase can also be obtained from a mixture of previous hard monomers and ethylenically unsaturated comonomer (s), such as a lower alkyl (meth) acrylate or acrylic and methacrylic acids.
- the polymerization of the monomers which do not constitute the final "hard” phase may also be carried out in the presence of polyfunctional monomers with ethylenic unsaturations copolymerizable with them, in particular crosslinking and / or grafting monomers.
- the polymer constituting the final "hard” phase can optionally be formed in the presence of crosslinking monomer.
- crosslinking monomers which can be used, mention may be made of polyacrylates and polymethacrylates of polyols, such as diacrylates and alkylene glycol dimethacrylates; as grafting monomers which can be used, mention may be made of allyl esters, such as acrylate and allyl methacylate.
- the elastomeric phase can be prepared from a mixture comprising by weight, at least 50% of alkyl or aralkyl acrylate in which the alkyl group has 1 to 15 carbon atoms and the cyclic part (aryl) contains 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms, 0.05 to 5.0% of a crosslinking monomer, 0.05 to 5.0% of grafting monomer 0.0 to 10% of a hydrophilic monomer (such as amides and hydroxylated alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid), (meth) acrylonitrile, the remainder optionally consisting of other copolymerizable monomers with ethylenic unsaturation (such as styrene); the final rigid thermoplastic phase, polymerized in the presence of the elastomer phase, can be obtained from a mixture of monomers comprising at least 50% by weight of alkyl methacrylate, the elastomer phase and the thermophilic monomer (such as amides and hydroxy
- a latex of “hard-soft-hard” morphology the first phase of which (core or core), non-elastomer, is polymerized from the monomers which can constitute the rigid thermoplastic matrix to be reinforced (A) or the final phase.
- core or core core
- non-elastomer non-elastomer
- the intermediate phase of which is elastomeric obtained for example from the so-called “soft” monomers mentioned above
- final phase of which is formed from monomers which can be used for the rigid thermoplastic matrix (A) or the "hard” final phase "mentioned earlier.
- 3,793,402 is suitable which is formed (1) of a non-elastomeric core constituted by a copolymer obtained from 80 to 100% by weight of at least one so-called "hard” monomer. , such as an alkyl methacrylate (C 4 alkyl), styrene, (meth) acrylon ⁇ t ⁇ le optionally associated (0-20% by weight) with one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers, such as a lower alkyl (meth) acrylate ( alkyl in d- 4 ) and acrylic or methacrylic acid, 0 to 10% by weight of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer and 0 to 10% by weight of a grafting monomer, such as those mentioned above, (2) an elastomeric intermediate layer, formed in the presence of the polymer (1), from 50 to 99.9% by weight of substituted or unsubstituted butadiene monomer (s) and or alkyl acrylate in which the alkyl group has 1 to
- component (B) can be made up of particles comprising at least one elastomeric layer obtained from “soft” monomers and a layer for compatibilization with the matrix (A), obtained from “hard” monomers ".
- component (B) is in the form of a multi-layer composite copolymer, the particles of which can have an average diameter of between 40 and 500 nm.
- the impact reinforcing component (B) (also called impact modifier), useful in the invention, can also consist of a block copolymer comprising at least one elastomer block resulting from the polymerization of monomers such as butadiene, substituted or not, the ( meth) alkyl or aralkyl acrylates.
- a bis-sequenced copolymer such as copoly (butadiene-block-methyl methacrylate) or a tri-sequenced copolymer such as copoly (styrene-block-butadiene-block-methyl methacrylate) in which the elastomeric polybutadiene phase represents up to approximately 50% by weight of the mass of the block copolymer.
- the elastomeric copolymer (C) grafted with methacrylic (co) polymer groups (P) is obtained from an elastomeric copolymer (C °).
- This copolymer (C °) must include elements providing the elastomeric property and be endowed with functions allowing the grafting of these methacrylic (co) polymer groups (P) in the hanging position.
- the copolymer (C °) is obtained from monomers (C 1 ), (C 2 ) and / or (C 3 ) and (C 4 ).
- the vinylaromatic monomers (C 1 ) useful for the formation of the elastomeric copolymer (C °) can be chosen from those mentioned above as comonomers of methyl methacrylate to form the thermoplastic methacrylic (co) polymer (P).
- the styrene monomer is preferred.
- the alkyl or alkoxyalkyl acrylates (C 2 ) which can be used for the elastomeric copolymer (C °) can be chosen from those indicated above as monomers for the formation of the thermoplastic methacrylic (co) polymer (P) constituting the material ( A) and, in particular, C 4 -C ⁇ 0 alkyl acrylates.
- the alkyl groups can have 1 to 15 carbon atoms and the cyclic group (aryl) can contain 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms.
- the diene monomers (C 3 ) can be chosen from butadiene and substituted butadienes such as isoprene, chloroprene and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene. These are monomers (C 2 ) and (C 3 ) which provide the elastomeric property to the copolymer (C °).
- the monomers with pendant initiator function (s) (C 4 ) forming part of the composition of the elastomeric copolymer (C °) can be chosen in particular from monomers with peroxidic pendant initiator functions.
- monomers with peroxide-initiating pendant function (s) mention may, for example, be made of those described in American patent US-A-5475072, in particular those of formula: R 1 - Q— X - R 4 in which Q corresponds to one of the formulas (a), (b) or (c): R 2 R 3 CH 2 CH 2
- ⁇ R 1 represents H, carboxy, C 2 -C ⁇ alkoxycarbonyl 9 , C 7 aryloxycarbonyl -
- Cis t-alkylperoxycarbonyl C 5 - C u alkyl, Ci - Cis alkenyl, C 2 - C ⁇ 8 ar ⁇ le C 5 - C 20 or fVX-;
- ⁇ R 2 is H or alkyl - C 4;
- ⁇ R 3 is H, alkyl Ci - C i8 alkenyl or C 2 - Cis, with the proviso that when R 3 is -CH 3, R 1 and R 2 are not both H;
- ⁇ X represents a single bond or a divalent group of formula:
- x is from 0 to 10;
- R5 represents a C2 - C4 alkylene radical optionally substituted by at least one C1 - C4 alkyl radical
- ⁇ R4 represents a radical of formula:
- - T is a single bond or oxy
- R 6 represents a t-C 4 -C ⁇ 2 alkyl radical, t-C 9 -C ⁇ 3 aralkyl and t-C 5 -C 9 alkynyl;
- R 7 , R 10 and R 11 identical or different, each represent a C 1 -C 4 alkyl
- - R 8 and R 9 identical or different, each represent a C 1 -C 4 alkyl or also in formula (6) and when T represents a single bond in formula (7), a hydrogen atom
- T represents a single bond in formula (7), a hydrogen atom
- R 12 represents a t-C 4 -C ⁇ 2 alkyl group, t-C 9 -C 13 aralkyl, t-C 5 -C 9 alkynyl,
- R 13 and R 14, identical or different, are each H or alkyl C 8;
- R 15 represents H, -Cs alkyl, C 2 -C 8 alkenyl, C 6 -C ⁇ 0 aryl, C1-C6 alkoxy or Ce-Cio aryloxy;
- R 14 and R 15 can together form a C 4 -C 5 alkylene radical;
- R 16 and R each represent a C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl
- R 18 and R 19 each represent H, OH, F, Cl, Br, C1-C6 alkyl *. ; C ⁇ -C 4 alkoxy, phenyl, C 2 -C 8 acyloxy or C 5 -C 9 t-alkylperoxycarbonyl;
- R a , R b , R c identical or different, each representing H, an alkyl radical in Ci-Cs, R a and R b can together form an optionally substituted C 4 -Cn alkylene chain with at least one C1-C5 alkyl or phenyl radical.
- R 22
- R 22 represents C ⁇ -C 4 alkyl, or the two R 22 together form a C 4 -C 5 alkylene radical and R 23 represents the groups defined for R 10 ;
- CH 2 CH - COO - CH - CH 2 - C - 0 - 0— C - CH 3
- CCH C- - - NH co- 0- CH- CH, 00 - -CH,
- the elastomeric copolymer (C °) must carry functions allowing grafting in the hanging position.
- the monomers with pendant initiator function (s) (C 4 ), such as monomers with peroxide function (s) pendant (s) allow such grafting.
- the copolymer (C °) can also carry functions allowing grafting into the main polymer chain.
- the final grafted elastomeric copolymer (C) can then be grafted by (co) polymer groups (P) along the main polymer chain.
- the substituted butadiene and butadiene monomers allow functionalization both along the polymer chain and in pendant positions; alkyl acrylates allow grafting into the polymer chain due to the presence of a labile hydrogen in the ⁇ position.
- the methacrylic (co) polymer (P) grafted onto the elastomeric copolymer (C °) allows the compatibility of the elastomer (C) and the matrix (A).
- the refractive indices of the thermoplastic matrix (A) and of the elastomer (C) are equal to or different from ⁇ n ⁇ 0.02.
- compositions according to the invention comprise, by weight, from 50 to 85%, preferably 70 to 80% of component (A), from 6 to 40%, preferably 10 to 40%, and very particularly from 10 to 20% of component (B) and from 2 to 15%, preferably 4 to 10% of component (C).
- the monomer composition from which the elastomeric copolymer (C °) is obtained is, in particular, the following, per 100 parts by weight of all of these monomers: ⁇ 15 to 40, preferably 16 to 20 parts by weight of vmylaromatic monomer (s) ⁇ ) (C 1 ), ⁇ 0 to 85, preferably 40 to 82 parts by weight of alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or aralkyl (C 2 ) monomer (s), ⁇ 0 to 60, preferably 0 to 5 parts by weight of diene monomers (C 3 ), ⁇ and from 0 to 5, preferably 0 to 4.5 parts by weight of monomers with ethylenic unsaturation and with funoror (s) pendant (s) ( s) (C 4 ).
- the monomer composition from which this elastomeric copolymer (C °) is obtained is , in particular, the following, for 100 parts by weight of all of these monomers: ⁇ 15 to 40, preferably 16 to 20 parts by weight of vinylaromatic monomer (s) (C 1 ); ⁇ 0 to 84, preferably 40 to 82 parts by weight of alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or aralkyl (C 2 ) acrylate monomer (s); ⁇ and from 1 to 5, preferably 3 to 4.5 parts by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and pendant initiator function (s) (C 4 ).
- the elastomer (C °) can also comprise at least one transfer agent or chain-limiting agent, introduced in an amount of up to 5% by weight, in particular up to 1% by weight, relative to the all of the monomers (C 1 ), (C 2 ), (C 3 ) and (C 4 ) used for the polymerization of said elastomer (C °).
- This or these transfer agents allowing control of the molecular mass of the elastomer (C °) which is preferably from 50,000 to 200,000, are chosen in particular from compounds known as mercaptans, such as dodecanethiol, polymercaptans , polyhalogen compounds, monoterpenes, monomsature diterpenes and thioglycolic acid.
- the grafted elastomeric copolymer (C) can also be obtained by using a mixture of elastomeric copolymer (s) (C °) according to the invention, and of elastomeric copolymer (s) not in accordance with the invention, that is to say comprising no monomer (s) with function (s) allowing grafting in the hanging position.
- the present invention also relates to a first process for manufacturing the thermoplastic composition as defined above, characterized in that:
- a copolymer in solution is brought to a temperature Ti, in the presence of at least one free radical initiator, soluble in the solvent and capable of triggering the polymerization at the temperature Ti of the monomers chosen from the monomers C 1 , C 2 , C 3 and C 4 to obtain the elastomeric copolymer (C °), the grafting sites of the monomers C 2 , C 3 and C 4 being inert at said temperature Ti;
- polymerization is carried out, in the presence of the elastomer (C °) of the first step, of the monomer or monomers intended to enter into the constitution of the (co) polymer thermoplastic methacrylic (P) of the matrix (A) and of the thermoplastic (co) polymer groups grafted onto the elastomer (C °), optionally in the presence of at least one free radical initiator, said monomer or monomers being introduced to the 'pure state or dissolved in a solvent, and said second step being carried out at a temperature T 2 , which is higher than Ti and at which the grafting sites of the monomers (C 2 ), (C 3 ) and (C 4 ) are capable of initiating polymerization or of triggering the grafting of (co) polymeric groups (P), the solvents of the first and second stages possibly being identical, and being chosen so that the elastomer (C °) which
- step IV in a fourth step, the granules obtained in step III and the component (B) are mixed at a temperature of between 200 and 250 ° C. to obtain granules formed from the components (A), (B) and (C).
- the solvent (s) are chosen in particular from those having a boiling point of 100 to 150 ° C., for example toluene or ethylene.
- the polymerization of the first step of this first process according to the invention can be further characterized by the fact that it is carried out: - up to a solid content of 10 to 80% by weight;
- the second step it can also be characterized by the fact that it is carried out at a temperature T 2 of 120-200 ° C., and using the following ingredients:
- the amount of free radical initiator (s) varies according to the monomers, the temperature and the mode of addition, but, as a general rule, the amount of initiator (s) varies from approximately 0.01 to 5%. by weight in each polymerization stage based on the weight of the charge of the monomers.
- the polymerization medium in the first step, and optionally in the second step, contains an effective amount of at least one suitable known polymerization initiator generating free radicals.
- suitable known polymerization initiator are those which are thermally activated, for example peroxides such as t-butyl-peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxydiethylacetate or azo compounds such as azo-bis- isobutyronitrile.
- the granules formed of the components (A) and (C) can be recovered, after passage of the polymerized mass in the second step in an extruder or in a devolatilizer.
- the particles formed of the components (A) and (C) obtained in the third step are mixed with the component (B) (impact enhancer), by any suitable means, for example in a mixer of the Brabender type, a single screw or twin screw extruder, etc. at temperatures between 200 ° C and 250 ° C.
- additives can be added to this fourth step, such as stabilizers preventing degradation by oxidation by heat or by ultraviolet light, lubricants, dyes, pigments, fillers and plasticizers.
- the present invention also relates to a second method of manufacturing the thermoplastic composition as defined above, characterized in that:
- emulsion copolymerization is carried out in an aqueous medium, in the presence of at least one initiator generating free radicals and at least one emulsifying agent, of monomers chosen from monomers C 1 , C 2 , C 3 and C 4 , at a temperature T'i, in order to obtain a first stage elastomeric copolymer phase (C °), the grafting sites of said one or more monomers C 2 , C 3 and C 4 being inert at said temperature T'i ;
- thermoplastic (co) polymer (P) in a second step, at least one monomer chosen from those defined above is added to the medium to enter into the constitution of the thermoplastic (co) polymer (P) and the emulsion polymerization is continued at temperature T'i, in the presence optionally a new quantity of an emulsifying agent and at least one initiator generating free radicals to obtain a (co) polymer of second stage, leading to obtaining bilayer particles, the elastomer phase (C °) representing from 70 to 90% by weight of the bi-layer particles;
- III 1 . in a third step said bilayer particles are recovered;
- IV 1 . in a fourth step to obtain the grafted elastomeric copolymer ( ⁇ ), polymerization is carried out in the presence of the particles of the third step and optionally a solvent and an initiator generating free radicals, or mono- mothers intended to enter into the constitution of the thermoplastic (co) polymer (P) of the matrix (A) and of the thermoplastic polymer groups grafted onto the elastomer (C °), said fourth step being carried out at a temperature ⁇ ' 2 which is greater than T'i, and at which the grafting sites of the monomer (s) C 2 , C 3 and C 4 forming the elastomer (C °) are capable of triggering the polymerization;
- v '. in a fifth step granules formed of the elastomer (C °) and of the component (A) are recovered;
- the proportion of emulsifier (s) is generally less than 1% by weight, being in particular between 0.1 and 0.6% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable monomers charged at each of the stages (V ) and (II ').
- emulsifying agents there may be mentioned the usual soaps, alkyl benzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyi-phenoxy-polyethylene sulfonates, sodium lauryl sulfate, amine salts with long chains and salts of long chain carboxylic and sulfonic acids, long chain acids such as lau ⁇ que acid and esters of these acids such as potassium laurate.
- alkyl benzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate
- alkyi-phenoxy-polyethylene sulfonates alkyi-phenoxy-polyethylene sulfonates
- sodium lauryl sulfate sodium lauryl sulfate
- amine salts with long chains and salts of long chain carboxylic and sulfonic acids long chain acids such as lau ⁇ que acid and esters of these acids such as potassium laur
- the amount of free radical initiator (s) varies depending on the monomers, the temperature and the mode of addition, but, as a general rule, the amount of free radical (s) varies from about 0.01 to 5%. by weight in each polymerization stage based on the weight of the charge of the monomers.
- the polymerization medium, in stages I 1 and II ′ contains an effective amount of at least one suitable polymerization initiator generating free radicals, which is activated either by heat or by an oxidation-reduction reaction (redox).
- Preferred initiators are those which are thermally activated, for example persulfates, such as potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 0 8 ).
- Suitable examples of oil-soluble and water-insoluble initiators include combinations such as cumene hydroperoxide and sodium metabisulfite, dnsopropylbenzene hydroperoxide and formaldehyde. sodium dehyde sulfoxylate, tertiary butyl peracetate and sodium hydrosulfite, cumene hydroperoxide and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate.
- stage IV 1 initiators such as those mentioned above can be used for the first method of manufacturing the thermoplastic composition.
- the first and second steps I 1 and II ' are carried out at a temperature T' i generally from 80 to 110 ° C, and the fourth step at a temperature T ' 2 generally from 120 to 200 ° C.
- the first, second and fourth stages are carried out
- the bilayer product can be isolated in the form of particles from the latex containing it, by any technique known to those skilled in the art, such as by coagulation or by spray or spray drying.
- solvent preferably having a boiling point of 100 to 150 ° C, such as toluene or ethyl benzene;
- thermoplastic (co) polymer (P) forming the matrix (A) and the groups grafted onto the elastomer (C °).
- step V ′ the granules obtained in the fourth step IV 1 are recovered as indicated above for step III of the first process.
- step V 1 The granules obtained in step V 1 , (formed by the components (A) and (C)) and the impact intensifier granules (B) are mixed as indicated above, by any suitable means, for example a mixer of the Brabender type, a single screw or twin screw extruder, etc. at temperatures varying from 200 ° C to 250 ° C.
- the mixture can include usual additives.
- thermoplastic composition granules are obtained which can be used to manufacture shaped articles by extrusion, injection, compression. These shaped articles can be in the form of plates or molded products of various shapes.
- the compositions according to the invention can be used in different technical sectors, possibly in combination with other thermoplastic materials. Possible applications for the compositions according to the invention are, for example, optical discs obtained by injection, glazing for automobiles (quarter panels, rear window) obtained for example, by hot forming or injection-molding, headlights obtained by coextrusion of a composition according to the invention and of another thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate, protective films deposited by coextrusion plaxing, overmolding.
- compositions in the form of granules are prepared by mixing in a twin screw extruder.
- the components used are:
- Component B impact enhancer granules having layers having the composition described in Example 2 of USP 3,793,402: a core formed from a copolymer of methyl methacrylate (99.8%) and methacrylate allyl (0.2%), an intermediate layer formed from a copolymer of butyl acrylate (79.4%), styrene (18.6%) and allyl methacrylate (2%) and an outer layer (or compatibilization layer) formed from a copolymer of methyl methacrylate (96%) and ethyl acrylate (4%), the weight distribution of the core, the intermediate layer and the outer layer is, respectively, 30% , 50% and 20%.
- R240 TMI N- [1- ⁇ 3- (1-methylethenyl) phenyl ⁇ -1-methylethyl] carbamate of 1,3-d ⁇ methyl-3- ( ⁇ sobutyryl peroxy) butyl.
- the granules formed of the components (A), (B) and (C) obtained are injection molded to form test pieces 2 cm wide and 15 cm long (dumbbell multi-use test pieces according to ISO 527 / 1A). .
- Examples 1 to 4 relate to the preparation of non-grafted elastomers.
- Examples 5 to 7 relate to the preparation of granules formed from the grafted elastomer components (C) and thermoplastic polymer (A).
- Examples 8 to 13 relate to the preparation of the compositions comprising the components (A), (C) and (B) (impact enhancer).
- Examples a) to f) relate to control compositions.
- the contents of the reactor are then degassed with nitrogen and then heated to 70 ° C. Once this temperature is reached, a mixture of 4 hours 30 minutes is added while maintaining the temperature at this value:
- Second step Then a hard phase is polymerized around the obtained soft heart. To do this, a preemulsion of: 2 hours is added, always at a temperature of 70 ° C.
- a two-layer latex is obtained which is cooked at 70 ° C. for one hour after having added 6.96 g of sodium hydroxide to 597.4 g of water.
- the final solid content obtained is 30.52%.
- the diameter of the final particles is approximately 128 nm (measurement made with the Couiter counter).
- the latex powder is then recovered by spray drying.
- Example 2 Elastomer with a two-layer structure Copoly Abu-St-Bd / PMMA.
- a hard phase is polymerized around the obtained soft heart.
- a preemulsion of: - 150 g of water is added over 2 hours, still at a temperature of 80 ° C.
- a two-layer latex is obtained which is cooked at 80 ° C. for one hour after having added 1.9 g of sodium hydroxide to it in 163 g of water.
- the final solid rate obtained is 31.75%.
- the diameter of the final particles is approximately 122 nm (measurement carried out with a Coulter counter).
- the latex powder is then recovered by spray drying.
- R240TMI / PMMA with 3% by weight of R240TMI.
- a hard phase is polymerized around the obtained soft heart.
- a preemulsion of: 2 hours is added, always at a temperature of 70 ° C.
- a two-layer latex is obtained which is cooked at 70 ° C. for one hour after having added 1.9 g of sodium hydroxide to 68 g of water.
- the final solid content obtained is 31.54%.
- the diameter of the final particles is approximately 120 nm (measurement carried out with a Coulter counter).
- the latex powder is then recovered by spray drying.
- IxempLlfi t Elastomer with two-layer structure Copoly Abu-St-
- the contents of the reactor are then degassed with nitrogen and then heated to 70 ° C. Once this temperature is reached, a mixture of 4 hours 30 minutes is introduced, while maintaining the temperature at this value:
- Second step Then a hard phase is polymerized around the soft heart obtained. To do this, a preemulsion of: 2 hours is added, always at a temperature of 70 ° C.
- a two-layer latex is obtained which is cooked at 70 ° C. for one hour after having added 1.9 g of sodium hydroxide to it in 163 g of water.
- the final solid rate obtained is 31.14%.
- the diameter of the final particles is approximately 112 nm (measurement carried out with a Coulter counter).
- the latex powder is then recovered by spray drying.
- a mixture composed of: - 5,500 g of methyl methacrylate is introduced into a 20 I reactor fitted with a mechanical stirrer and maintained at a temperature of 15 ° C.
- Example 2 500 g of the elastomer obtained in Example 2 are then added thereto. After the elastomer has completely dissolved, the mixture is transferred to a stainless steel reactor with a useful volume of 16 liters equipped with a double jacket, a mechanical agitator and an evacuation and granulation system. After the transfer, 2.2 g of di-terbutyl peroxide (sold by the company Aldrich under the name "TRIGONOX B”) (polymerization initiator) and 5.5 g of octadecyl-3- (3.5 g) are added.
- TRIGONOX B di-terbutyl peroxide
- the product is heated to 200 ° C and the toluene is removed under vacuum.
- the polymer, freed from the solvent, is recovered in the form of granules.
- the product is heated to 200 ° C and the toluene is removed under vacuum.
- the polymer, freed from the solvent, is recovered in the form of granules.
- the conversion rate is 82.5%.
- the product is heated to 200 ° C and the toluene is removed under vacuum.
- the polymer, freed from the solvent, is recovered in the form of granules.
- Granules formed of components (A) (thermoplastic polymer) and (C) (grafted elastomer) obtained in Examples 5 and 6 were mixed with granules of component (B) previously indicated in the proportions indicated in table 1 using a twin screw extruder of the Haake type, the temperature varying from 230 ° C. to 250 ° C. between the pellet feed zone and the die.
- the specimens are prepared by injection molding of the granules obtained using an Arburg injection machine, the diameter of the screw being 25 mm, the volume injected of 39 cm 3 and the closing force of 35 Mpa with the temperature profile. varying from 240 ° C to 250 ° C and a mold temperature of 50 ° C.
- thermoplastic polymer A PMMA
- impact enhancer B
- elastomer C
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002398350A CA2398350A1 (fr) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique |
EP01904016A EP1255788A1 (fr) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique |
AU2001231948A AU2001231948A1 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | Impact-resistant compositions based on thermoplastic methacrylic (co)polymer |
JP2001557959A JP2003522244A (ja) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | 熱可塑性メタクリル(共)重合体ベースの耐衝撃性組成物 |
KR1020027009770A KR20020074220A (ko) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | 열가소성 메타크릴 (공)중합체를 기초로 한 내충격성 조성물 |
US10/182,671 US6939917B2 (en) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | Impact-resistant composition based on thermoplastic methacrylic (co)polymer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0001281A FR2804439B1 (fr) | 2000-02-01 | 2000-02-01 | Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique, procedes pour les preparer et article faconnes obtenus a partir de ces compositions |
FR00/01281 | 2000-02-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001057133A1 true WO2001057133A1 (fr) | 2001-08-09 |
Family
ID=8846562
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2001/000299 WO2001057133A1 (fr) | 2000-02-01 | 2001-01-26 | Compositions resistantes au choc a base de (co)polymere methacrylique thermoplastique |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6939917B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1255788A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003522244A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20020074220A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1211430C (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001231948A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2398350A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2804439B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001057133A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6688927B2 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2004-02-10 | Abb Oy | Arrangement and method for turning a propulsion unit |
US7497979B2 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2009-03-03 | Lucite International Uk Limited | Melt-processable thermoplastic compositions |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2831546B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-31 | 2007-03-23 | Atofina | Materiau polymere thermoplastique pour supports d'enregistrement d'informations audio et/ou optiques |
KR100638434B1 (ko) * | 2004-10-25 | 2006-10-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 우수한 착색성을 갖는 실리콘-아크릴계 충격보강제 및이를 포함하는 열가소성 수지조성물 |
FR2879205B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-10 | 2007-09-21 | Arkema Sa | Procede de preparation de plaques renforcees a l'impact par polymerisation radiculaire controlee |
EP1868809B1 (fr) * | 2005-04-12 | 2016-11-02 | Arkema France | Plaque acrylique pare-balles transparente |
EP2288691A1 (fr) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-03-02 | Université Henri Poincaré (Nancy I) | Procédé de différenciation cellulaire et son utilisation pour la construction de vaisseaux sanguins |
WO2011019408A1 (fr) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-17 | Milliken & Company | Composite multicouche utile en tant quadditif polymère |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4530973A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1985-07-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Transparent impact resistant polymeric compositions and process for the preparation thereof |
US4585832A (en) * | 1983-06-23 | 1986-04-29 | Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical Company | Weather and impact resistant resin composition and process for its preparation |
DE19681342C2 (de) * | 1995-04-14 | 2002-08-01 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Schlagzähes Methacrylharz |
US5777034A (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 1998-07-07 | Rohm And Haas Company | Methacrylate resin blends |
-
2000
- 2000-02-01 FR FR0001281A patent/FR2804439B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-01-26 CA CA002398350A patent/CA2398350A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2001-01-26 EP EP01904016A patent/EP1255788A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-26 US US10/182,671 patent/US6939917B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-26 JP JP2001557959A patent/JP2003522244A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-01-26 KR KR1020027009770A patent/KR20020074220A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2001-01-26 CN CNB018043925A patent/CN1211430C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-01-26 WO PCT/FR2001/000299 patent/WO2001057133A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-01-26 AU AU2001231948A patent/AU2001231948A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
LOVELL P A ET AL: "STUDIES OF RUBEER-TOUGHENED POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE):1. PREPARATION AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF BLENDA OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) WITH MULTIPLE-LAYER TOUGHENING PARTICLES", POLYMER,GB,JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, vol. 34, no. 1, 1993, pages 61 - 69, XP000390974, ISSN: 0032-3861 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6688927B2 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2004-02-10 | Abb Oy | Arrangement and method for turning a propulsion unit |
US7497979B2 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2009-03-03 | Lucite International Uk Limited | Melt-processable thermoplastic compositions |
US7651648B2 (en) | 1999-08-17 | 2010-01-26 | Lucile International UK Limited | Methods of forming an article comprising melt-processable thermoplastic compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1255788A1 (fr) | 2002-11-13 |
US20030171491A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
CN1211430C (zh) | 2005-07-20 |
JP2003522244A (ja) | 2003-07-22 |
CA2398350A1 (fr) | 2001-08-09 |
AU2001231948A1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
FR2804439B1 (fr) | 2002-03-29 |
FR2804439A1 (fr) | 2001-08-03 |
KR20020074220A (ko) | 2002-09-28 |
CN1396942A (zh) | 2003-02-12 |
US6939917B2 (en) | 2005-09-06 |
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