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WO1998038651A1 - Lignes de transmission de signaux electriques fabriquees selon un procede de stratification - Google Patents

Lignes de transmission de signaux electriques fabriquees selon un procede de stratification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998038651A1
WO1998038651A1 PCT/EP1998/000999 EP9800999W WO9838651A1 WO 1998038651 A1 WO1998038651 A1 WO 1998038651A1 EP 9800999 W EP9800999 W EP 9800999W WO 9838651 A1 WO9838651 A1 WO 9838651A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
dielectric material
dielectric
electrically conducting
accordance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1998/000999
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Watson
Herbert GRÜNSTEUDL
Original Assignee
W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh filed Critical W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh
Priority to EP98910715A priority Critical patent/EP0912982A1/fr
Priority to AU64994/98A priority patent/AU6499498A/en
Priority to JP10537280A priority patent/JP2000509897A/ja
Publication of WO1998038651A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998038651A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/10—Insulating conductors or cables by longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/103—Insulating conductors or cables by longitudinal lapping combined with pressing of plastic material around the conductors

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to electrical signal transmission cables simultaneously manufactured as a multiplicity of individual insulated electrical wires.
  • Microporous ePTFE expanded polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the strip type dielectric material for such individual insulated wires whereby, because of its microporosity, the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene has a dielectric constant which is especially suitable for high frequency cables in particular.
  • other materials can also be used as the strip type dielectric material, e.g. PE (polyethylene), PFA (perfluoroalkoxy) or FEP (fluoroethylenepropylene).
  • Multiconductor flat cables made from ePTFE are known from FR-A-2 036 798 (Fileca) and WO-A- 92/04719 (Gore).
  • Individual insulated wires of the designated type are conventionally manufactured by helically winding such a dielectric material onto individual electrical conductors, such as known from US-A-5 554 236 (Singles et. al), or by applying the dielectric material by means of an extrusion process.
  • the former of two methods is relatively expensive and are not suitable for the manufacture of very large lengths of cable per unit time.
  • the method which involves winding a band type material especially in the case of mechanically unstable materials, e.g. ePTFE or porous PE onto the individual conductors, one encounters the additional problem that very narrow strips have to be wound onto the individual conductors, whilst the strips have to be cut from significantly wider tapes.
  • both the tape and the narrower strips, which are to be cut from it have to be held securely.
  • the back tension which arise in this way, lead to stretching the tapes, which are relatively unstable from a mechanical standpoint.
  • the cut tapes are wound onto spools from which they are unwound again for the process of winding onto the individual conductors.
  • differing forces of extension and compression are exerted on the narrow and relatively soft tapes during these processes of cutting, winding up and unwinding again and this can lead to a varying degree of thickness of the material at different positions on the wire and this can lead to corresponding electrical tolerances in a cable which is assembled using such individual insulated wires.
  • the invention makes use of a process for manufacturing multi-conductor wiring strips as taught by US-A-3 082 292 (Gore).
  • the multi-conductor are then slit out into individual insulated wires or groups of wires.
  • the invention comprises the feature that individual insulated wires for electrical cables are no longer manufactured individually as known in the art but, rather, a multiplicity of insulated wires are manufactured communally in a strip cable type of integrated system and this integrated system is then cut into individual insulated wires.
  • a multiplicity of individual conductors together with at least two strips of dielectric material, between which the individual conductors are located are passed through two pressure rollers which are provided with peripheral grooves at the positions of the individual conductors.
  • the peripheral grooves and the separation of the two pressure rollers are designed to have dimensions such that the strips of dielectric material are pressed together at positions which are located between the individual conductors.
  • compressive adhesion-type joining takes place in this way between the two dielectric strips.
  • the strip cable type of integrated system is sintered after this compression joining process; as a result of this, the two dielectric strips undergo weld-type joining with one another. Insulated individual conductors are provided after subsequent longitudinal cutting of the integrated system at positions between the individual conductors.
  • an electrical shield in the form of an external conductor, is applied to an individual insulated wire that has been prepared in accordance with the invention.
  • An external jacket e.g. comprising poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene (PE), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) or fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP), is applied to the shield of the coaxial cable.
  • a conventional shield e.g. in the form of a braided or wound shield.
  • a band of insulating material is used as the shield.
  • plastic material can be used which has been made suitable as a material for electrical cable shields by incorporating therein electrically conducting particles.
  • Use can again be made of the inventive method for applying such cable shields, namely by guiding the individual insulated wires of a multiplicity of coaxial cables, which are positioned between two strips of shield material, through pressure rollers, as a result of which a strip cable type of integrated cable system is formed which, after sintering if required, can again be subdivided into individual cables by means of longitudinal cutting.
  • the band cable type of integrated system is preferably sintered continuously.
  • the sintering temperature depends on the strip material that is being used. In the case of the preferred use of ePTFE for such a strip material, a sintering temperature in the range from approximately 340°C to 430°C is recommended.
  • Expanded microporous PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • PFA perfluoroalkoxy
  • FEP fluoroethylenepropylene
  • Use can also be made of dielectric materials in which air-filled micro-spheres, especially those consisting of glass, are deposited.
  • Use can be made of the same dielectric materials for the shield material as for the dielectric sheath on the individual insulated wires if electrically conducting particles are deposited in these materials.
  • one achieves manufacturing lengths of 60 m/min one can achieve 60 km/h or more with the method in accordance with the invention. This is because, on the one hand, up to 60 or even more individual conductors can be manufactured in the strip cable type of integrated system and because, on the other hand, leading the individual conductors and dielectric strips through the pressure rollers can be carried out at much higher throughput speeds than is achievable in the case of the helical winding of dielectric strips.
  • the method in accordance with the invention leads not only to an enormous increase in manufacturing length per unit time but it also permits much tighter manufacturing tolerances in the area of signal propagation time, impedance and capacities than are achievable in the case of the conventional method of winding a strip type of dielectric material. This is because significantly wider dielectric strips can now be processed, which are much less sensitive to retention forces, and because the manufacturing machines, which are usable for this purpose, permit significantly lower thickness tolerances than are capable of being achieved with machines for the helical winding of thin dielectric strips.
  • the reduction in manufacturing tolerances is manifested in a corresponding reduction in differences in the propagation time between parallel cables.
  • cables with a propagation time difference in the range from approximately 2 to 16 ns/m can be achieved with the manufacturing method in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a device for the manufacture of a strip cable type of integrated system
  • Figure 2 shows a sintering device and a cutting device for the manufacture of individual insulated wires
  • Figure 3 shows an example of an individual insulated wire that has been manufactured in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a device for applying a shield to an individual insulated wire
  • Figure 5 shows an example of a coaxial cable that has been manufactured with an individual insulated wire in accordance with Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 shows a device for manufacturing a strip cable type of integrated system and for applying a shield
  • Figure 7 shows an example of a coaxial cable that has been manufactured in accordance with Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a device for the manufacture of a strip cable type of integrated system with different dielectric strips
  • Figure 9 shows the results of propagation time measurements using cables that have been manufactured in accordance with the invention.
  • Figures 10 shows the cable impedance along a conventionally manufactured cable
  • Figures 1 1 shows the cable impedance along a cable that has been manufactured in accordance with the invention.
  • each of the two pressure rollers 17, 19 is provided with a plurality of peripheral grooves 23 which are spaced at a distance from one another along the axes of the pressure rollers.
  • each peripheral groove 23 of the upper pressure roller 17 together with one of the peripheral ribs 23 of the lower pressure roller 19 forms a passageway channel for one of the individual conductors 11.
  • the distance between the two pressure rollers 17, 19 and the peripheral grooves 23 are designed in terms of their dimensions in such a way that a single conductor 1 1 and the two dielectric strips 13, 15 pass continuously between a pair of peripheral grooves, that are associated with one another, whereas the peripheral grooves 25, which are formed between adjacent peripheral grooves 23, have such a small separation from another that the two dielectric strips 13, 15 are firmly pressed together there.
  • the individual conductor 11 used were silver-plated copper conductors of AWG 30. However other conductors 11, for example made of silver or alloys, may be used. Furthermore the conductors may be coated with thermoplastic adhesives such as FEP in order to aid adhesion of the conductorr 1 1 to the dielectric strips 13,15.
  • thermoplastic adhesives such as FEP
  • dielectric strips 13, 15 of microporous ePTFE use is made of dielectric strips 13, 15 of microporous ePTFE.
  • the band cable 21 is led through a sintering device in which the band cable 21 is heated such that one achieves intimate joining in the intermediate zones of the dielectric strips 13, 15, which are pressed onto one another, between the individual conductors 11.
  • a sintering temperature in the range from 360° to 410°C.
  • microporous PTFE especially suitable for used as dielectric strips 13, 15 is that which has been produced by the process described in US-A-3 953 566 with properties described in US-A-4 187 390.
  • FIG. 1 An example of an embodiment of a sintering device in the form of a sintering oven 27 is illustrated in a schematic and simplified form in Figure 2 together with a cutting device 31.
  • the band cable 21 is also illustrated in a simplified form in this figure.
  • the strip cable type of integrated system 21, which was manufactured in accordance with Figure 1 is sintered continuously and led through the cutting device 31.
  • a salt bath as known from WO-A- 92/04719 (Gore) can be used.
  • the band cable 21 is led through the cutting device 31 by means of which the band cable 21 is separated between the individual conductors 11 in order to divide it into the individual insulated wires 43.
  • the cutting device 31 comprises a supporting device 37 for the integrated system 21. Its upper side is provided with a recess 39 from which separating knives 41 stand up vertically in a number which corresponds to the number of individual conductors and past which the integrated system 21 is led for the cutting operation in order to provide separation into the individual insulated wires.
  • a plurality of individual insulated wires 43 which correspond to the plurality of individual conductors 1 1 that were used, are available for further processing, e.g. to give coaxial cables.
  • Figure 3 shows an individual insulated wire 43, that was manufactured in accordance with the invention, with a single conductor 1 1 and two dielectric sheath components 45 and 47 which were produced during the manufacturing process of Figure 1 and in accordance with the process for providing separation from the dielectric strips 13 and 15 in accordance with Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 shows a coaxial cable 80, that was prepared in accordance with this, with an individual insulated wire 43 in accordance with Figure 3 that is surrounded by an electrical shield 85 in the form of an external conductor which, for its part, is sheathed by an external jacket 90.
  • the coaxial cable 80 can be prepared by passing a defined number of individual insulated wires 43 and two strips, which comprise the shield material 50, 55, through pressure rollers 60, 65 and then passing the coaxial integrated system 75, which is obtained, through a sintering oven 27 and a cutting device 31 and extruding external jackets 90 onto the shielded individual insulated wires that are then present.
  • the external jacket 90 may be constructed of polyvinylchloride (PVC), PVC compounds, FEP, or similar polymers. These materials are preferred because of their environmental and electrical properties. These materials are inherently flame retardant and do not contribute to flame propagation. Moreover, they have high dielectric strength and insulation resistance, and operate in the temperature range from - 55°C. to +105°C. for PVC and 200°C. for FEP. Additionally, these materials have relatively high tensile strengths, good abrasion resistances, and can withstand exposure to the environment and corrosive chemicals. Moreover, they are relatively inexpensive and easy to process. Preferably, jacket 24 is between about 0.010 an 0.015 inches thick. The jacket 24 may be extruded over or otherwise positioned around the shield 22.
  • PVC polyvinylchloride
  • FEP FEP
  • the shield 85 can also be applied to the individual insulated wire 43 by a further prior process art.
  • it can be applied by braiding metal wires onto the individual insulated wires 43.
  • Suitable braids are made from silver, tin or nickel-plated copper wire or silver wire.
  • the braids are helically wrapped.
  • the shield may be made from copper or silver foil.
  • coaxial cable shielding whereby the coaxial cable shielding comprises a filled material
  • the coaxial cable shielding comprises a filled material
  • This process is illustrated in Figure 6.
  • four strips 11, 13, 95, 100 are led through the pressure rollers 17, 19, whereby the strips 13, 15, which lie adjacent to the conductor 11, comprise the dielectric material, e.g. ePTFE, and the two external strips 95, 100 comprise electrically conducting strips.
  • Figure 7 shows a coaxial cable 102, that has been manufactured according to this with an individual insulated wire 43 in accordance with Figure 3 which is surrounded by two electric semi-shields 105, 110 in the form of an external conductor which, for its part, is insulated by an external jacket 90.
  • the coaxial cable 102 is prepared by way using the lamination equipment of Figures 2 and 6 and passing a plurality of individual conductors 11 with four strips, whereby two are a dielectric strip 13 and two are an electrically conducting strip 90, 95, through pressure rollers 17, 19.
  • the coaxial band cable 21 that is obtained is passed through a sintering oven 27 and a cutting device 31 and external jackets 90 are extruded onto the shielded individual insulated wires that are then present.
  • the two semi-shields 105 and 110 do not need to be in electrical contact with one another.
  • dielectric strips 13, 13a, 15 and 15a are passed through the pressure rollers 17, 19.
  • the dielectric strips 13a and 15a can have a different dielectric constant and can also be narrower than the dielectric strips 13 and 15.
  • individual insulated wires 43 of different sizes and different impedances can be manufactured in a single manufacturing process.
  • An external conductor in the form of a shield can be applied to the individual insulated wires 43, that have been prepared in this way, via the process in accordance with Figure 4 or Figure 6.
  • Figure 9 shows the result of propagation time measurements in ns/m using cables that have been manufactured in accordance with the invention.
  • the upper line of measured values shows five measured values which were taken using five different cables manufactured at different times.
  • the lower line of measured values shows ten measured values that were taken at the same measurement location on ten cables that were simultaneously manufactured side by side in the same lamination process. The very low differences in propagation time along the cable or between the individual cables are noteworthy in these measured results.
  • the different propagation times in the upper and lower lines are a result of the different dielectric constants of the ePTFE material that was used in the manufacture of the cables.
  • Figures lOa-d and 1 la-d show the cable impedance along a cable trajectory for a conventionally manufactured cable and respectively, for a cable that has been manufactured in accordance with the invention. A comparison of these two measured impedance lines shows that the impedance profile of the conventionally manufactured cable ( Figures 1 Oa-d) has much more uniform electrical characteristics than the cable that was manufactured in accordance with the invention. ( Figures 1 la-d).
  • Both the cables of Figures lOa-d and Figures 1 la-d have an insulated wire 43 with a diameter of 0,5 mm surrounded by a dielectric sheat 45,47 having an external diameter of 1,2 +/- 0,05 mm and having an braid electrical shield 85 sheathed by an external jacket 90 of diameter 2,0 +/- 0,2 mm. Further experiments have shown that between two individual cables adjacently produced then the skew is approximately 5-6 ps/ft at a signal propagation velocity of 80 % of that of light. This compares to a conventional skew of 20 ps/foot from individual cables made using conventional tape wrapping techniques.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un procédé pour fabriquer simultanément de multiples fils électriques individuels isolés avec, dans chaque cas, un conducteur électrique individuel (11) . Ce dernier est pourvu d'un gainage diélectrique, utilisant une bande d'un matériau diélectrique dans lequel au moins deux bandes (13, 15), formées d'un matériau diélectrique et placées de part et d'autre de conducteurs individuels (11) alignés côte à côte, et à une certaine distance les uns des autres, sont initialement comprimées ensemble à l'aide de deux rouleaux de pression (17, 19). Ces derniers sont disposés parallèlement l'un à l'autre, et comprennent chacun à leur périphérie des rainures (23) pour produire un type de câble bande formant système intégré (21). En outre, pour isoler les fils isolés individuels dans le sens longitudinal du conducteur, le matériau diélectrique est séparé en des emplacements qui sont placés entre les fils isolés individuels (11) du système intégré (21).
PCT/EP1998/000999 1997-02-27 1998-02-20 Lignes de transmission de signaux electriques fabriquees selon un procede de stratification WO1998038651A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98910715A EP0912982A1 (fr) 1997-02-27 1998-02-20 Lignes de transmission de signaux electriques fabriquees selon un procede de stratification
AU64994/98A AU6499498A (en) 1997-02-27 1998-02-20 Electrical signal transmission lines made by a laminations process
JP10537280A JP2000509897A (ja) 1997-02-27 1998-02-20 ラミネーションプロセスによって製造された電気信号伝送ライン

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19708028 1997-02-27
DE19708028.6 1997-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998038651A1 true WO1998038651A1 (fr) 1998-09-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1998/000999 WO1998038651A1 (fr) 1997-02-27 1998-02-20 Lignes de transmission de signaux electriques fabriquees selon un procede de stratification

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0912982A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000509897A (fr)
AU (1) AU6499498A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998038651A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1122569A1 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-08 W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES GmbH Cable quadruple
CN102543318A (zh) * 2012-01-04 2012-07-04 大同电线电缆科技（吴江）有限公司 包覆金属线的设备及方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060131061A1 (en) * 1997-09-19 2006-06-22 Helmut Seigerschmidt Flat cable tubing
KR102154305B1 (ko) * 2019-11-13 2020-09-09 서진석 가요 전선관 제조방법 및 이 방법에 의해 제조된 가요 전선관

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE433973C (de) * 1922-12-24 1926-09-15 Carl Cremer Verfahren zur elektrischen Isolierung von Draehten u. dgl. durch Aufbringen von Gummi- und Faserstoffbaendern
GB815573A (en) * 1955-09-02 1959-07-01 Sumitomo Electric Industries Improvements in and relating to insulated electric conductors
GB1065688A (en) * 1963-06-20 1967-04-19 Sueddeutsche Kabelwerke A method of and apparatus for sheathing a plurality of electrical conductors with plastics material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE433973C (de) * 1922-12-24 1926-09-15 Carl Cremer Verfahren zur elektrischen Isolierung von Draehten u. dgl. durch Aufbringen von Gummi- und Faserstoffbaendern
GB815573A (en) * 1955-09-02 1959-07-01 Sumitomo Electric Industries Improvements in and relating to insulated electric conductors
GB1065688A (en) * 1963-06-20 1967-04-19 Sueddeutsche Kabelwerke A method of and apparatus for sheathing a plurality of electrical conductors with plastics material

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1122569A1 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-08 W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES GmbH Cable quadruple
WO2001057573A2 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-09 W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh Cable a quartes
WO2001057573A3 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-12-13 Gore W L & Ass Gmbh Cable a quartes
GB2373626A (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-09-25 Gore W L & Ass Gmbh Quad cable
GB2373626B (en) * 2000-02-02 2004-07-21 Gore W L & Ass Gmbh Quad cable
CN102543318A (zh) * 2012-01-04 2012-07-04 大同电线电缆科技（吴江）有限公司 包覆金属线的设备及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000509897A (ja) 2000-08-02
EP0912982A1 (fr) 1999-05-06
AU6499498A (en) 1998-09-18

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