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WO1994025814A1 - Method and device for flame heating a vacuum chamber - Google Patents

Method and device for flame heating a vacuum chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994025814A1
WO1994025814A1 PCT/FR1994/000502 FR9400502W WO9425814A1 WO 1994025814 A1 WO1994025814 A1 WO 1994025814A1 FR 9400502 W FR9400502 W FR 9400502W WO 9425814 A1 WO9425814 A1 WO 9425814A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating chamber
mass
grid
heating
perforated plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1994/000502
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Chaussonnet
Original Assignee
Societe Française De Thermolyse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Française De Thermolyse filed Critical Societe Française De Thermolyse
Priority to JP6523974A priority Critical patent/JPH08509542A/en
Publication of WO1994025814A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994025814A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/06—Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D99/0035—Heating indirectly through a radiant surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the heating by flames of a closed enclosure maintained in depression by a suction system in order to homogeneously heat a solid or liquid mass to an average temperature - t pique of the order of 600 ° C -, without contact of this mass with the combustion flames, by maximizing the heat transfer from the flames to the mass, by convection, conduction and radiation, any thermal decomposition of the mass being favored by the evacuation of the gases produced by the suction system.
  • thermolysis treatment system uses energy flows such as gases (natural gas, propane, lean gas, etc.), electricity (heating by resistors) or liquid fuels (heavy fuel, for example). These processes generally favor one of the modes of energy transfer which are convection, conduction or radiation, which notably reduces the energy efficiency of the installation.
  • gases natural gas, propane, lean gas, etc.
  • electricity heating by resistors
  • liquid fuels heavy fuel, for example
  • - resistance heating mainly radiation, with little convection in a vacuum enclosure, - heating by gas or fuel burner: random heat distribution, possibility of flame-mass contact to be heated, possibility of creating hot spot or cold spot.
  • complex mechanical systems are used (rotary oven for example) whose reliability and length suffer from significant temperatures.
  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device for heating a solid or liquid mass, which is energy efficient and which satisfies the following conditions:
  • the invention provides for this purpose a method for heating under vacuum of a mass according to which this mass is placed in a closed heating chamber, and a first zone of the wall of this heating chamber is connected to a suction source. , characterized in that, at a distance from this first wall zone, a second wall zone is formed by a perforated grid or plate having orifices of size less than approximately 3 mm, and in that flames are generated by licking this grate or perforated plate opposite this heating chamber.
  • this mass is placed on a support open at its upper part, and this second wall zone is chosen at the upper part of the heating chamber,
  • this first wall zone is chosen at the lower part of the heating chamber
  • the mass to be treated is placed on an at least partially perforated support, - said mass to be treated is placed substantially between the first and second wall zones,
  • the invention also provides a device for heating a mass under vacuum, comprising a closed heating chamber containing the mass, a suction source connected to a first wall zone of this heating chamber, and a heat source. , characterized in that this heat source comprises a grid or perforated plate constituting a second wall zone and having orifices of size less than 3 mm, and at least one burner disposed behind this grid or perforated plate opposite the heating chamber.
  • the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support open at its upper part, this grid being located in a ceiling zone of the heating chamber, - the first wall zone is a floor zone of the heating chamber ,
  • the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, an at least partially perforated support,
  • the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support substantially arranged between the first wall area and the grid or perforated plate. it comprises an enclosure cut in half by said grid or perforated plate in said heating chamber, and a combustion chamber into which the burners open,
  • This heating chamber comprises at least one transverse sealed part.
  • the invention involves a grid which has a triple function since, at the same time, it stops the flames (preventing these flames from passing through it), it homogenizes the heat transfer (it takes energy from the flames and smoke, it homogenizes its temperature by conduction and emits energy as a whole by radiation) while allowing the depression of the chamber where the mass is located (thanks to the pressure drop it induces in the flow fumes). It will be appreciated that the grid plays these roles the better the smaller its orifices.
  • FIG. 1 is the diagram of a preferred embodiment of an installation heater according to the invention.
  • the chambers 2 and 3 are separated by a grid or perforated plate 13 advantageously horizontal; the combustion chamber is preferably above the heating chamber.
  • the enclosure 1 and door 11 assembly is heat-insulated to limit heat loss.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is provided in its upper part with gas burners 12 supplied with gas (for example propane or natural gas) by a pipe 8 and by combustion (air or oxygen) by a pipe 9. Flames 14 develop in chamber 2 which can, depending on the chosen configuration, come and lick the grid 13.
  • This grid or perforated plate has small holes (diameter of the holes typically less than 2 mm) so that the flames 14 cannot cross the grid to reach the chamber 3, but while allowing the passage into the chamber 3 of the combustion gases.
  • the heating chamber 3 is provided in its lower part with a cradle 4 comprising a support plane preferably consisting of a perforated grid (diameter of the holes of about 4 mm) and provided with feet, intended to support a mass 10 to heat and preferably allowing the passage of gases.
  • This chamber 3 is provided in its lower part with suction pipes 5 uniformly distributed on the floor 3A of the chamber, through which a suction system 6 (a vacuum pump for example) sucks the combustion gases and any gases produced by any mass transformation to evacuate them through a pipe 7.
  • This suction device causes a vacuum (300 mbar for example) of the heating chamber 3 and to a lesser extent of the combustion chamber 2 ( typically 450 mbar).
  • the enclosure 1 is for example the thermolysis chamber, or even the dehydration chamber of an installation. thermolysis lation according to document WO-92/16599, in which case the enclosure preferably has two doors, and the cradle is a movable carriage whose bottom and / or walls are advantageously porous.
  • the installation in FIG. 1 has the following particularities:
  • the orifices can be distributed uniformly along a hexagonal mesh.
  • the ratio of the overall surface of the holes to the total surface of the grid or perforated plate is substantially 50%, typically even less than 10-20%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)

Abstract

A method for heating a mass (10) in a partial vacuum, said mass being placed in a closed heating chamber (3), and a first wall area of said heating chamber being connected (5) to a suction source (6). At a distance from said first wall area (3A), a second wall area (13) is configured like a grid or perforated plate having orifices of a size smaller than 3 mm approximately, and flames (19) are generated, which flames lick said grid or perforated plate opposite said heating chamber. The invention applies for example to the heating of isolated chambers of a thermolysis treatment system.

Description

Procédé et dispositif pour le chauffage par flamme d'une chambre en dépressionMethod and device for flame heating of a vacuum chamber
La présente invention concerne le chauffage par flammes d'une enceinte close maintenue en dépression par un système d'aspiration en vue de chauffer de façon homogène une masse solide ou liquide à une température moyenne - t pique- ment de l'ordre de 600°C -, sans contact de cette masse avec les flammes de combustion, en maximisant le transfert thermique depuis les flammes vers la masse, par convection, conduction et rayonnement, une éventuelle décomposition thermique de la masse étant favorisée par 1'évacuation des gaz produits par le système d'aspiration.The present invention relates to the heating by flames of a closed enclosure maintained in depression by a suction system in order to homogeneously heat a solid or liquid mass to an average temperature - t pique of the order of 600 ° C -, without contact of this mass with the combustion flames, by maximizing the heat transfer from the flames to the mass, by convection, conduction and radiation, any thermal decomposition of the mass being favored by the evacuation of the gases produced by the suction system.
L'invention s'applique notamment, mais pas exclusivement, au chauffage des chambres isolées d'un système de traitement par thermolyse, tel notamment que décrit dans le document WO 92/16599. Traditionnellement, les procédés de chauffage mettent en oeuvre des cources énergétiques telles que des gaz (gaz naturel, propane, gaz pauvre ...), l'électricité (chauffage par résistances) ou des combustibles liquides (fuel lourd par exemple) . Ces procédés privilégient générale- ment l'un des modes de transfert d'énergie que sont la convection, la conduction ou le rayonnement, ce qui réduit notablement le rendement énergétique de l'installation. A titre d'exemple, on citera :The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the heating of isolated chambers of a thermolysis treatment system, as in particular as described in document WO 92/16599. Traditionally, heating processes use energy flows such as gases (natural gas, propane, lean gas, etc.), electricity (heating by resistors) or liquid fuels (heavy fuel, for example). These processes generally favor one of the modes of energy transfer which are convection, conduction or radiation, which notably reduces the energy efficiency of the installation. By way of example, we may cite:
- chauffage par résistance : rayonnement essen- tiellement, avec peu de convection dans une enceinte en dépression, - chauffage par brûleur gaz ou fuel : répartition de la chaleur aléatoire, possibilité de contact flamme-masse à chauffer, possibilité de création de point chaud ou de point froid. De plus et dans le but d'obtenir un chauffage homogène, on utilise dans certains cas des systèmes mécani¬ ques complexes (four tournant par exemple) dont la fiabilité et la longueur souffrent des températures importantes.- resistance heating: mainly radiation, with little convection in a vacuum enclosure, - heating by gas or fuel burner: random heat distribution, possibility of flame-mass contact to be heated, possibility of creating hot spot or cold spot. In addition and in order to obtain uniform heating, in certain cases complex mechanical systems are used (rotary oven for example) whose reliability and length suffer from significant temperatures.
L'invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif pour un chauffage d'une masse solide ou liquide, qui soit à haut rendement énergétique et qui satisfasse aux conditions suivantes :The subject of the invention is a method and a device for heating a solid or liquid mass, which is energy efficient and which satisfies the following conditions:
- pas de contact direct de la flamme (elle est par exemple à température moyenne de 1300°C) avec la masse à chauffer, contribution optimale des trois modes de transfert thermique que sont le rayonnement, la conduction et la convection,- no direct contact of the flame (it is for example at an average temperature of 1300 ° C) with the mass to be heated, optimal contribution of the three modes of thermal transfer that are radiation, conduction and convection,
- maintien de l'enceinte chauffée en dépression (pression inférieure à 900 mbar) permettant une évacuation de tous les gaz présents dans le système,- keeping the heated enclosure under vacuum (pressure less than 900 mbar) allowing evacuation of all the gases present in the system,
- possibilité de contrôle de la trajectoire des gaz dans la chambre de chauffe par création de lignes de flux préférentielles et par là-même possibilité de contrôle du phénomène convectif.- possibility of controlling the trajectory of the gases in the heating chamber by creating preferential flow lines and thereby possibility of controlling the convective phenomenon.
L'invention propose à cet effet un procédé pour le chauffage en dépression d'une masse selon lequel on place cette masse dans une chambre de chauffe fermée, et on connecte une première zone de paroi de cette chambre de chauffe à une source d'aspiration, caractérisé en ce que, à distance de cette première zone de paroi, on conforme une seconde zone de paroi en une grille ou plaque perforée ayant des orifices de taille inférieure à 3 mm environ, et en ce qu'on génère des flammes léchant cette grille ou plaque perforée à l'opposé de cette chambre de chauffe. Selon des dispositions préférées de l'invention, éventuellement combinées :The invention provides for this purpose a method for heating under vacuum of a mass according to which this mass is placed in a closed heating chamber, and a first zone of the wall of this heating chamber is connected to a suction source. , characterized in that, at a distance from this first wall zone, a second wall zone is formed by a perforated grid or plate having orifices of size less than approximately 3 mm, and in that flames are generated by licking this grate or perforated plate opposite this heating chamber. According to preferred arrangements of the invention, possibly combined:
- on place cette masse sur un support ouvert à sa partie supérieure, et on choisit cette seconde zone de paroi à la partie supérieure de la chambre de chauffe,- this mass is placed on a support open at its upper part, and this second wall zone is chosen at the upper part of the heating chamber,
- cette première zone de paroi est choisie à la partie inférieure de la chambre de chauffe,- this first wall zone is chosen at the lower part of the heating chamber,
- on dispose la masse à traiter sur un support au moins en partie perforé, - on dispose ladite masse à traiter sensiblement entre les première et seconde zones de paroi,- the mass to be treated is placed on an at least partially perforated support, - said mass to be treated is placed substantially between the first and second wall zones,
- on génère ces flammes dans une chambre de combustion fermée, dont une zone de paroi est constituée par cette grille ou plaque perforée. L'invention propose également un dispositif pour le chauffage en dépression d'une masse, comportant une chambre de chauffe fermée contenant la masse, une source d'aspiration connectée à une première zone de paroi de cette chambre de chauffe, et une source de chaleur, caractérisé en ce que cette source de chaleur comporte une grille ou plaque perforée constituant une seconde zone de paroi et ayant des orifices de taille inférieure à 3 mm, et au moins un brûleur disposé derrière cette grille ou plaque perforée à l'oppose de la chambre de chauffe. Selon d'autres dispositions préférées, éventuel¬ lement combinées :- These flames are generated in a closed combustion chamber, a wall area of which is formed by this grid or perforated plate. The invention also provides a device for heating a mass under vacuum, comprising a closed heating chamber containing the mass, a suction source connected to a first wall zone of this heating chamber, and a heat source. , characterized in that this heat source comprises a grid or perforated plate constituting a second wall zone and having orifices of size less than 3 mm, and at least one burner disposed behind this grid or perforated plate opposite the heating chamber. According to other preferred arrangements, possibly combined:
- la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support ouvert à sa partie supérieure, cette grille étant située en une zone de plafond de la chambre de chauffe, - la première zone de paroi est une zone de plancher de la chambre de chauffe,- the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support open at its upper part, this grid being located in a ceiling zone of the heating chamber, - the first wall zone is a floor zone of the heating chamber ,
- la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support au moins en partie perforé,the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, an at least partially perforated support,
- la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support sensiblement disposé entre la première zone de paroi et la grille ou plaque perforée. - il comporte une enceinte coupée en deux par ladite grille ou plaque perforée en ladite chambre de chauffe, et une chambre de combustion dans laquelle débouchent les brûleurs,- The heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support substantially arranged between the first wall area and the grid or perforated plate. it comprises an enclosure cut in half by said grid or perforated plate in said heating chamber, and a combustion chamber into which the burners open,
- cette chambre de chauffe comporte au moins une partie étanche transversale.- This heating chamber comprises at least one transverse sealed part.
On appréciera que l'invention fait intervenir une grille qui a une triple fonction puisque, à la fois, elle arrête les flammes (empêchant que ces flammes la traversent), elle homogénéise le transfert thermique (elle prélève de l'énergie aux flammes et aux fumées, elle homogénéise sa température par conduction et émet dans son ensemble de l'énergie par radiation) tout en permettant le maintien en dépression de la chambre où se trouve la masse (grâce à la perte de charge qu'elle induit dans l'écoulement des fumées). On appréciera que la grille joue d'autant mieux ces rôles que ses orifices sont petits.It will be appreciated that the invention involves a grid which has a triple function since, at the same time, it stops the flames (preventing these flames from passing through it), it homogenizes the heat transfer (it takes energy from the flames and smoke, it homogenizes its temperature by conduction and emits energy as a whole by radiation) while allowing the depression of the chamber where the mass is located (thanks to the pressure drop it induces in the flow fumes). It will be appreciated that the grid plays these roles the better the smaller its orifices.
Des objets, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortent de la description qui suit, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en regard du dessin annexé sur lequel la figure 1 est le schéma d'une forme préférée de réalisation d'une installation de chauffage conforme à 1 ' invention.Objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention appear from the following description, given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawing in which FIG. 1 is the diagram of a preferred embodiment of an installation heater according to the invention.
Une enceinte 1 ici parallélépipédique, munie d'une porte basculante 11, de préférence transversale, permettant l'introduction d'une masse ici solide 10, confine une chambre de combustion 2 et une chambre de chauffage 3. Les chambres 2 et 3 sont séparées par une grille ou plaque perforée 13 avantageusement horizontale ; la chambre de combustion est de préférence au dessus de la chambre de chauffage.An enclosure 1 here parallelepiped, provided with a tilting door 11, preferably transverse, allowing the introduction of a mass here solid 10, confines a combustion chamber 2 and a heating chamber 3. The chambers 2 and 3 are separated by a grid or perforated plate 13 advantageously horizontal; the combustion chamber is preferably above the heating chamber.
L'ensemble enceinte 1 et porte 11 est calorifuge pour limiter les déperditions calorifiques.The enclosure 1 and door 11 assembly is heat-insulated to limit heat loss.
La chambre de combustion 2 est munie dans sa partie supérieure de brûleurs à gaz 12 alimentés en gaz (par exemple propane ou gaz naturel) par une conduite 8 et en comburant (air ou oxygène) par une conduite 9. Des flammes 14 se développent dans la chambre 2 qui peuvent, suivant la configuration choisie, venir lécher la grille 13. Cette grille ou plaque perforée comporte des petits trous (diamètre des trous inférieur typiquement à 2 mm) de façon à ce que les flammes 14 ne puissent pas traverser la grille pour atteindre la chambre 3, mais tout en permettant le passage dans la chambre 3 des gaz de combustion.The combustion chamber 2 is provided in its upper part with gas burners 12 supplied with gas (for example propane or natural gas) by a pipe 8 and by combustion (air or oxygen) by a pipe 9. Flames 14 develop in chamber 2 which can, depending on the chosen configuration, come and lick the grid 13. This grid or perforated plate has small holes (diameter of the holes typically less than 2 mm) so that the flames 14 cannot cross the grid to reach the chamber 3, but while allowing the passage into the chamber 3 of the combustion gases.
La chambre de chauffage 3 est munie dans sa partie inférieure d'un berceau 4 comportant un plan de support de préférence constitué d'une grille perforée (diamètre des trous de 4 mm environ) et muni de pieds, destiné à supporter une masse 10 à chauffer et permettant, de préférence, le passage des gaz. Cette chambre 3 est munie dans sa partie inférieure de conduites d'aspiration 5 uniformément réparties sur le plancher 3A de la chambre, au travers desquelles un système d'aspiration 6 (une pompe à vide par exemple) aspire les gaz de combustion et les éventuels gaz produits par une quelconque transformation de masse pour les évacuer par une conduite 7. Ce dispositif d'aspiration provoque une mise en dépression (300 mbar par exemple) de la chambre de chauffe 3 et dans une moindre mesure de la chambre de combustion 2 (typiquement 450 mbar).The heating chamber 3 is provided in its lower part with a cradle 4 comprising a support plane preferably consisting of a perforated grid (diameter of the holes of about 4 mm) and provided with feet, intended to support a mass 10 to heat and preferably allowing the passage of gases. This chamber 3 is provided in its lower part with suction pipes 5 uniformly distributed on the floor 3A of the chamber, through which a suction system 6 (a vacuum pump for example) sucks the combustion gases and any gases produced by any mass transformation to evacuate them through a pipe 7. This suction device causes a vacuum (300 mbar for example) of the heating chamber 3 and to a lesser extent of the combustion chamber 2 ( typically 450 mbar).
On appréciera dans cette installation la mise en jeu concourante de l'ensemble des modes de transfert d'énergie :We will appreciate in this installation the concurrent play of all the energy transfer modes:
- rayonnement direct sur la masse depuis la grille 13 (dont la température peut atteindre 900°C) puisque le berceau est ouvert vers le haut et que la grille surplombe la masse, - conduction par l'intermédiaire des fumées de combustion dont la circulation est forcée sur la répartition des prises d'aspiration 5 et qui se fait avantageusement au travers de la masse grâce notamment aux perforations du berceau. L'enceinte 1 est par exemple la chambre de thermolyse, voire la chambre de déshydratation d'une instal- lation de thermolyse conforme au document WO-92/16599, auquel cas l'enceinte comporte de préférence deux portes, et le berceau est un chariot mobile dont le fond et/ou les parois sont avantageusement poreuses. A titre d'exemple, l'installation de la figure 1 a les particularités suivantes :- direct radiation on the mass from the grid 13 (whose temperature can reach 900 ° C) since the cradle is open upwards and the grid overhangs the mass, - conduction by means of combustion fumes whose circulation is forced on the distribution of the suction intakes 5 and which is advantageously done through the mass thanks in particular to the perforations of the cradle. The enclosure 1 is for example the thermolysis chamber, or even the dehydration chamber of an installation. thermolysis lation according to document WO-92/16599, in which case the enclosure preferably has two doors, and the cradle is a movable carriage whose bottom and / or walls are advantageously porous. By way of example, the installation in FIG. 1 has the following particularities:
- nature : acier réfractaire 25 ni-20 Cr- nature: 25 ni-20 Cr refractory steel
- épaisseur 10 mm- thickness 10 mm
- longueur 2000 mm - hauteur sous la plaque perforée 600 mm- length 2000 mm - height under the perforated plate 600 mm
- hauteur au dessus de la plaque perforée 200 mm- height above the perforated plate 200 mm
- largeur 1500 mm- width 1500 mm
- nombre de brûleurs 4 - combustible propane- number of burners 4 - propane fuel
- débit de combustible 1,5 m3/h- fuel flow 1.5 m 3 / h
- carburant air- air fuel
- débit de carburant 30 m3/h- fuel flow 30 m 3 / h
- nature de la plaque perforée: acier rrééffrraaccttaaiire 25 Ni-20 Cr - épaisseur de la plaque perforée 15 mm- nature of the perforated plate: re-refractory steel 25 Ni-20 Cr - thickness of the perforated plate 15 mm
- diamètre des trous 0,8 mm- hole diameter 0.8 mm
- taille des mailles (carrées) 4 mm- mesh size (square) 4 mm
- débit d'aspiration 0,1 m3/s- suction flow 0.1 m 3 / s
- nombre de buses d'aspiration 6 - masse à chauffer 100 kg- number of suction nozzles 6 - mass to be heated 100 kg
Il va de soi que la description qui précède n'a été proposée qu'à titre d'exemple non limitatif et que de nombreuses variantes peuvent être proposées par 1'homme de l'art sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi par exemple, les orifices peuvent être distribués uniformément suivant une maille hexagonale. En principe le rapport de la surface globale des trous à la surface totale de la grille ou plaque perforée est sensiblement à 50 %, typiquement inférieur même à 10-20 %. It goes without saying that the above description has been offered only by way of nonlimiting example and that numerous variants can be proposed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus for example, the orifices can be distributed uniformly along a hexagonal mesh. In principle, the ratio of the overall surface of the holes to the total surface of the grid or perforated plate is substantially 50%, typically even less than 10-20%.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé pour le chauffage en dépression d'une masse (10) selon lequel on place cette masse dans une chambre de chauffe (3) fermée, et on connecte (5) une première zone de paroi de cette chambre de chauffe à une source d'aspira¬ tion (6), caractérisé en ce que, à distance de cette première zone de paroi (3A), on conforme une seconde zone de paroi (13) en une grille ou plaque perforée ayant des orifices de taille inférieure à 3 mm environ, et en ce qu'on génère des flammes (19) léchant cette grille ou plaque perforée à l'opposé de cette chambre de chauffe.1. A method for heating under vacuum a mass (10) according to which this mass is placed in a closed heating chamber (3), and a first wall zone of this heating chamber is connected (5) to a source. suction (6), characterized in that, at a distance from this first wall zone (3A), a second wall zone (13) is made into a perforated grid or plate having orifices of size less than 3 mm approximately, and in that flames (19) are generated licking this grid or perforated plate opposite this heating chamber.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on place cette masse (10) sur un support (4) ouvert à sa partie supérieure, et on choisit cette seconde zone de paroi à la partie supérieure de la chambre de chauffe.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that this mass (10) is placed on a support (4) open at its upper part, and this second wall zone is chosen at the upper part of the heating chamber.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que cette première zone de paroi (3A) est choisie à la partie inférieure de la chambre de chauffe. 3. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that this first wall zone (3A) is chosen at the lower part of the heating chamber.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose la masse à traiter sur un support (4) au moins en partie perforé.4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mass to be treated is placed on a support (4) at least partially perforated.
5. Procédé selon 1 'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose ladite masse à traiter sensiblement entre les première et seconde zones de paroi.5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said mass to be treated is disposed substantially between the first and second wall zones.
6. Procédé selon 1'une quelconque des revendica¬ tions 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on génère ces flammes dans une chambre de combustion fermée, dont une zone de paroi est constituée par cette grille ou plaque perforée.6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that these flames are generated in a closed combustion chamber, a wall area of which is formed by this grid or perforated plate.
7. Dispositif pour le chauffage en dépression d' une masse (10), comportant une chambre de chauffe fermée (3) contenant la masse, une source d'aspiration (6) connectée à une première zone de paroi (3A) de cette chambre de chauffe, et une source de chaleur, caractérisé en ce que cette source de chaleur comporte une grille ou plaque perforée (13) constituant une seconde zone de paroi et ayant des orifices de taille inférieure à 3 mm, et au moins un brûleur disposé derrière cette grille ou plaque perforée à l'oppose de la chambre de chauffe. 7. Device for heating a mass under vacuum (10), comprising a closed heating chamber (3) containing the mass, a suction source (6) connected to a first wall zone (3A) of this chamber heater, and a heat source, characterized in that this heat source comprises a grid or plate perforated (13) constituting a second wall zone and having orifices of size less than 3 mm, and at least one burner disposed behind this grid or perforated plate opposite the heating chamber.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caracté¬ risé en ce que la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support (4) ouvert à sa partie supérieure, cette grille étant située en une zone de plafond de la chambre de chauffe.8. Device according to claim 7, caracté¬ ized in that the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support (4) open at its upper part, this grid being located in a ceiling area of the heating chamber.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la première zone de paroi est une zone de plancher de la chambre de chauffe.9. Device according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the first wall area is a floor area of the heating chamber.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support (4) au moins en partie perforé.10. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support (4) at least partially perforated.
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de chauffe comporte, pour la masse, un support (4) sensiblement disposé entre la première zone de paroi et la grille ou plaque perforée.11. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the heating chamber comprises, for the mass, a support (4) substantially disposed between the first wall area and the grid or perforated plate.
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enceinte ( 1 ) coupée en deux par ladite grille ou plaque perforée en ladite chambre de chauffe, et une chambre de combustion dans laquelle débouchent les brûleurs.12. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that it comprises an enclosure (1) cut in half by said grid or perforated plate in said heating chamber, and a combustion chamber into which the burners.
13. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisé en ce que cette chambre de chauffe comporte au moins une partie étanche transversale (11 )- 13. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that this heating chamber comprises at least one transverse sealed part (11) -
PCT/FR1994/000502 1993-05-03 1994-05-02 Method and device for flame heating a vacuum chamber WO1994025814A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6523974A JPH08509542A (en) 1993-05-03 1994-05-02 Flame heating method and apparatus for low pressure chamber

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9305243A FR2704941B1 (en) 1993-05-03 1993-05-03 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FLAME HEATING OF A DEPRESSED CHAMBER.
FR93/05243 1993-05-03

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EP (1) EP0623797A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08509542A (en)
CA (1) CA2161894A1 (en)
DE (1) DE623797T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2071596T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2704941B1 (en)
GR (1) GR950300003T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994025814A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3205265B2 (en) * 1996-08-05 2001-09-04 有限会社扶桑 Waste treatment furnace

Citations (5)

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FR2086623A5 (en) * 1970-04-03 1971-12-31 Produits Refractaires
US4850862A (en) * 1988-05-03 1989-07-25 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Porous body combustor/regenerator
US4924785A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-05-15 Surface Combustion, Inc. Thermal cleaning system
WO1992016599A1 (en) * 1991-03-20 1992-10-01 Societe Française De Thermolyse System for the treatment by thermolysis of solid products whose rejection is harmful to the environment
US5191846A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-03-09 Clay Haile S Self-contained household garbage incinerator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2086623A5 (en) * 1970-04-03 1971-12-31 Produits Refractaires
US4850862A (en) * 1988-05-03 1989-07-25 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Porous body combustor/regenerator
US4924785A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-05-15 Surface Combustion, Inc. Thermal cleaning system
WO1992016599A1 (en) * 1991-03-20 1992-10-01 Societe Française De Thermolyse System for the treatment by thermolysis of solid products whose rejection is harmful to the environment
US5191846A (en) * 1992-02-03 1993-03-09 Clay Haile S Self-contained household garbage incinerator

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DE623797T1 (en) 1995-08-03
GR950300003T1 (en) 1995-02-28
EP0623797A1 (en) 1994-11-09
FR2704941B1 (en) 1995-08-11
CA2161894A1 (en) 1994-11-10
FR2704941A1 (en) 1994-11-10
ES2071596T1 (en) 1995-07-01
JPH08509542A (en) 1996-10-08

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