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US8405262B1 - Cooling of electric motor with coolant pipe and conduction plates or cups - Google Patents

Cooling of electric motor with coolant pipe and conduction plates or cups Download PDF

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Publication number
US8405262B1
US8405262B1 US13/307,711 US201113307711A US8405262B1 US 8405262 B1 US8405262 B1 US 8405262B1 US 201113307711 A US201113307711 A US 201113307711A US 8405262 B1 US8405262 B1 US 8405262B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
pipe
stator
plates
axially extending
end turns
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Active
Application number
US13/307,711
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English (en)
Inventor
Reinhard Beatty
Bradley A. Trago
Gerald W. Brown
Ian Hovey
Ron Bishop
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Zapi SpA
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Kollmorgen Corp
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Priority to US13/307,711 priority Critical patent/US8405262B1/en
Assigned to KOLLMORGEN CORPORATION reassignment KOLLMORGEN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BISHOP, RON, HOVEY, Ian, TRAGO, BRADLEY A., BEATTY, REINHARD, BROWN, GERALD W.
Priority to IT001030A priority patent/ITTO20121030A1/it
Priority to DE102012023320A priority patent/DE102012023320A1/de
Priority to FR1261514A priority patent/FR2983367A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US8405262B1 publication Critical patent/US8405262B1/en
Assigned to ZAPI S.P.A. SOCIETÀ PER AZIONI CON UNICO SOCIO reassignment ZAPI S.P.A. SOCIETÀ PER AZIONI CON UNICO SOCIO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KOLLMORGEN CORPORATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

  • This invention provides a way to cool a high power density electric machine in a cost-effective manner.
  • Conventional arrangements for cooling such machines include cast metal housings with internal fluid cooling channels. These arrangements are expensive and difficult to manufacture.
  • the invention concerns alternative arrangements that are low in both recurring and developmental costs.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,414,749 to Abegg concerns electric motor arrangements in which stator segment lamination stacks are secured together by fastening elements.
  • the fastening elements are formed by dovetailed or cylindrical bars or rods, with conduits or bores in the bars or rods permitting coolant flow.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,819,016 to Houle et al. relates to liquid cooling arrangements for electric machines. Portions of cooling tubes are inserted into stator or heat storage element channels, and those portions are then deformed in order to facilitate their retention in the channels.
  • the stator of a fluid cooled electric machine such as a motor, a generator, or a motor/generator assembly
  • a fluid cooled electric machine such as a motor, a generator, or a motor/generator assembly
  • an annular stator core including inwardly projecting teeth and external grooves in an outer surface of the core that are radially aligned with the teeth.
  • Electrically conductive windings are mounted on the inwardly projecting teeth
  • a pipe assembly for coolant has a pipe formed into a serpentine shape.
  • the pipe includes axially extending pipe portions received in the external stator core grooves, and end turns interconnecting adjacent pairs of the axially extending pipe portions.
  • Heat conduction elements are secured to the end turns of the coolant pipe, and a housing surrounding the outer surface of the stator core retains the axially extending pipe portions within the external grooves.
  • the heat conduction elements could be plates joined to the end turns of the pipe, with each plate joined to one of the end turns and separated from all remaining plates.
  • the pipe assembly can also include at least one additional heat conduction element secured to coolant supply and discharge sections of the pipe.
  • the plates can be provided with slits.
  • the heat conduction elements could be cups within which end sections of the windings are received; in this case, the cups could contain slits as well.
  • a radially outer wall of each cup is preferably joined to the end turns of the pipe.
  • a layer of electrically non-conductive material preferably coats the pipe and the plates or cups to insulate the copper end turns from the plates or cups.
  • An overall electric machine including such a stator and a process of making the stator are also referred to.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial view, in perspective, of a stator body having external grooves adapted to receive axially extending portions of a pipe for carrying coolant.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a pipe assembly incorporating a coolant fluid carrying pipe usable together with the stator body shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a view of a first embodiment of an armature arrangement, having axially extending pipe portions of the assembly shown in FIG. 2 received within the external grooves of the stator body.
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of an assembled stator produced by fitting a housing over the armature arrangement shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but showing a second embodiment of an armature arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows an annular stator core 10 produced from a multiplicity of individual sheet metal laminations collectively forming the stator body 12 of an overall stator arrangement. It is contemplated that the stator body 12 will become part of a fluid-cooled electric machine, which may be a motor, a generator, or a motor/generator assembly.
  • the stator body 12 typically is composed of a stack of iron alloy (steel), nickel alloy, or cobalt alloy sheet laminations, which are bonded or secured together in a conventional manner.
  • stator body 12 is usable together with a rotor, having permanent magnets appropriately distributed thereon or therein, that is secured for rotation within the central opening 14 of the stator body 12 .
  • the stator body 12 is also usable with non-permanent magnet machines.
  • Windings Insulated electrically conductive wire, forming windings or coils 16 (hereafter referred to as “windings” for simplicity) that are schematically shown in FIGS. 3-4 , is wound around or otherwise fitted on radially inwardly projecting teeth 18 of the stator body 12 in a conventional manner.
  • FIG. 1 further illustrates a multiplicity of external grooves, indentations, or recesses 20 (hereafter referred to as “grooves” for simplicity) extending axially along the exterior of the stator body 12 in the same direction as, and preferably parallel to, a central stator axis 22 .
  • each of the grooves 20 has an approximately D-shaped cross section and projects inward from the radially outer surface 24 of the core 10 .
  • Each of the grooves 20 is centrally located over one of the stator teeth 18 so as to be radially aligned with the teeth, and extends inwardly from the stator surface 24 sufficiently far that each groove 20 can almost completely envelope the coolant pipe of a pipe assembly after the coolant pipe is placed within the groove in a manner to be described.
  • a thin-walled pipe 26 of copper or other suitable metal or metal alloy material is initially formed into a serpentine shape, and then is rolled or otherwise deformed into a cylindrical shape while maintaining the serpentine pattern.
  • a multitude of metal heat conduction plates 30 are brazed onto or otherwise joined to axially outer end turns 32 of the serpentine pipe 26 as shown in FIG. 2 in order to help conduct heat from the windings 16 and the stator teeth 18 more directly to the end turns 32 of the pipe 26 and, hence, to the coolant carried by the pipe.
  • One heat conduction plate 30 is associated with each radially inwardly projecting tooth 18 ; accordingly, for the stator body 12 shown, which includes twelve inwardly projecting teeth 18 , twelve individual plates 30 , secured to each of eleven coolant pipe end turns 32 and to one set of coolant supply and discharge sections 33 , are utilized. Each of the plates 30 is separate from adjacent neighboring plates 30 , allowing the assembly to be flexible and easily installed. In the arrangement illustrated, the end turns 32 at each axial end of the pipe assembly 28 and the sections 33 support six separate plates 30 , with the centers of plates 30 at one axial end of the pipe assembly 28 circumferentially staggered at roughly thirty degrees with respect to the centers of plates at the opposite axial end.
  • Each of the individual plates 30 may include slits 34 to reduce eddy current losses in the plates 30 due to their close proximities to the windings 16 .
  • each of the plates 30 includes roughly eight to ten such slits 34 , equally spaced.
  • the plates 30 may also be formed from stacks of laminations to further reduce eddy current losses.
  • one end of the pipe assembly 28 is expanded with tooling or in some other suitable fashion to such an extent that the expanded end of the pipe assembly is able to receive the stator core 10 having the windings 16 .
  • the supply and discharge sections 33 and the axially extending portions of the pipe 26 between the end turns 32 are inserted into the grooves 20 as the expanded end of the pipe assembly 28 is returned to a non-expanded condition.
  • the pipe assembly 28 should be positioned such that the end plates 30 on opposite ends of the assembly 28 are essentially equidistant from the coil end sections 36 ( FIG. 4 ) of the windings 16 protruding beyond axial ends of the stator body 12 .
  • the pipe 26 and the plates 30 are insulated to help prevent shorting with the windings 16 . Insulation is accomplished by encapsulating or otherwise coating the pipe 26 and the plates 30 with non-conductive material. Additional insulation may also be supplied to the windings 16 by way of this coating or encapsulating process. Encapsulation could occur either before or after the pipe assembly is joined together with the stator core 10 and its associated windings.
  • An overall stator is then assembled by shrink-fitting or press-fitting a largely cylindrical housing 38 , shown in FIG. 4 , over the armature arrangement.
  • the shrink-fitting or press-fitting procedure serves to compress the axially extending portions of the pipe 26 , including the coolant supply and discharge sections 33 , into respective external grooves 20 and to trap the pipe assembly 28 in place.
  • the resulting stator is subsequently encapsulated using a thermally conductive epoxy. In operation, coolant passing through the pipe 26 will serve to carry away heat generated in the armature arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an alternate embodiment, in which end turns 132 at axial ends of a pipe assembly 128 are not provided with heat conduction plates. Instead, the pipe assembly 128 has opposing annular heat conductive cups 130 assembled over the coil end sections of windings 116 protruding beyond axial ends of a stator body 112 .
  • the cups 130 are located in close proximity to the end turns 132 of the pipe 126 , so that the pipe 126 and the cups 130 can be bonded together and electrically insulated.
  • the cups 130 will operate to conduct winding end turn heat to the sections of the pipe 126 that lie on the outside surfaces of the cups 130 .
  • the cups 130 have appropriately configured access openings 140 for winding leads 142 (not shown).
  • the cups 130 can be slitted to reduce eddy currents in a manner similar to the flat plates 30 . Slitting the cups 130 , in fact, could be more important, although tests on a motor with cups indicated that the cups did not actually require slits.
  • a stator having cups 130 is actually likely to be more valuable that a stator including broken up flat plates, such as the plates 30 discussed initially in the application, since the cups are able to remove heat from the entire end turn of the stator instead of just the end faces. While many examples of placing tubing in stator slots for cooling are already available, the coils in these examples tend to become like a motor winding. Experiments with these configurations indicate that even though the tubing could be isolated electrically when connecting to the cooling system, the water itself may contain minerals that could become charged. This produces a concern regarding potential corrosion of the cooling components and so on. By putting the tubing at the back or outside of the stator body, away from the magnetic circuit, this problem is avoided. Use of the cups, again, appears to be of greater value, and is likely to be a very robust and cost effective method to make a liquid cooled motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
US13/307,711 2011-11-30 2011-11-30 Cooling of electric motor with coolant pipe and conduction plates or cups Active US8405262B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/307,711 US8405262B1 (en) 2011-11-30 2011-11-30 Cooling of electric motor with coolant pipe and conduction plates or cups
IT001030A ITTO20121030A1 (it) 2011-11-30 2012-11-29 Raffreddamento di motore elettrico con tubo di raffreddamento e piastre o coppe di conduzione
DE102012023320A DE102012023320A1 (de) 2011-11-30 2012-11-29 Kühlen eines Elektromotors mit Kühlmittelrohr und Leitungsplatten oder Kalotten
FR1261514A FR2983367A1 (fr) 2011-11-30 2012-11-30 Refroidissement de moteur electrique avec tube de refroidissement et plaques ou coupelles de conduction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/307,711 US8405262B1 (en) 2011-11-30 2011-11-30 Cooling of electric motor with coolant pipe and conduction plates or cups

Publications (1)

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US8405262B1 true US8405262B1 (en) 2013-03-26

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Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8405262B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012023320A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2983367A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITTO20121030A1 (fr)

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120262012A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Kubes Larry A Electric machine module cooling system and method
US20130134808A1 (en) * 2009-11-23 2013-05-30 Abb Oy Stator and assembly method
US20140102685A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for cooling a component of an electrical machine using cooling coils
US20140125188A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 LC Drives Corp. Concentrated winding stator construction for high efficiency machine
US20140217840A1 (en) * 2011-09-08 2014-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stator for an electric motor
JP2014207817A (ja) * 2013-04-15 2014-10-30 マツダ株式会社 回転電機
US20150061425A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2015-03-05 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Internally cooled servo motor with segmented stator
US20150280526A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Remy Technologies, L.L.C. Electric machine with heat transfer enhancer
US20150288255A1 (en) * 2012-10-09 2015-10-08 Integral Powertrain Ltd. Rotary device, a motor and a method of cooling a motor
US20150303778A1 (en) * 2012-11-22 2015-10-22 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Method for soldering a stator to a cooler, and stator comprising a solder connection to the stator support
WO2016044570A1 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2016-03-24 Prippel Technologies, Llc Appareil de refroidissement de spire d'extrémité de machine électrique
US20160204680A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2016-07-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric machine with combined air and water cooling
US20160226327A1 (en) 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Prippel Technologies, Llc Electric machine stator with liquid cooled teeth
WO2017027972A1 (fr) * 2015-08-19 2017-02-23 Tm4 Inc. Agencement de refroidissement coulé pour machines électriques
RU2631677C2 (ru) * 2012-04-10 2017-09-26 Дженерал Электрик Компани Система и способ охлаждения электродвигателя
US9985500B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-05-29 Prippell Technologies, Llc Induction motor with transverse liquid cooled rotor and stator
US10008907B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Over mold with integrated insert to enhance heat transfer from an electric machine end winding
US10008908B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US10038351B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-07-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
US10060682B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2018-08-28 Prippell Technologies, Llc Fluid-cooled wound strip structure
US10086538B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-10-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
US10097066B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-10-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US10135319B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-11-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US10523068B2 (en) 2014-04-09 2019-12-31 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Stator for an electric machine and electric machine
US10536055B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2020-01-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
CN110994820A (zh) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-10 河南师范大学 一种水冷机壳和定子铁芯的装配结构及制造方法
US10756583B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2020-08-25 Enure, Inc. Wound strip machine
US10855144B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2020-12-01 General Electric Company Electrical winding topologies and methods of making the same
CN112152342A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 日本电产株式会社 驱动装置
CN112600320A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-02 超音速智能技术(杭州)有限公司 一种小型电机定子冲片
US11255612B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2022-02-22 Enure, Inc. Wound strip machine
JP7150219B1 (ja) * 2021-01-20 2022-10-07 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機及び回転電機の冷却システム
US11469635B2 (en) * 2019-04-12 2022-10-11 Dr. Ing. H. C. F. Porsche Ag Rotor for an electric machine
US11646613B2 (en) 2017-08-18 2023-05-09 Vitesco Technologies Germany Gmbh Stator for an electrical machine, in particular of a motor vehicle, and method for producing such a stator
US12237721B2 (en) 2021-11-09 2025-02-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine with helical cooling path

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DE102020003158A1 (de) * 2019-11-28 2021-06-02 Hans Hermann Rottmerhusen Kühlungsoptimiertes Blechpaket für einen Ständer einer elektrischen Maschine

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US6819016B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2004-11-16 Tm4 Inc. Liquid cooling arrangement for electric machines
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US3109947A (en) 1959-06-26 1963-11-05 Gen Electric Cooling system for dynamoelectric machines
US3414749A (en) 1964-04-01 1968-12-03 Oerlikon Maschf Cooling and securing motor laminations
US5448118A (en) * 1991-10-05 1995-09-05 Fanuc Limited Liquid cooled motor and its jacket
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Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130134808A1 (en) * 2009-11-23 2013-05-30 Abb Oy Stator and assembly method
US8664810B2 (en) * 2009-11-23 2014-03-04 Abb Oy Stator and assembly method
US8624452B2 (en) * 2011-04-18 2014-01-07 Remy Technologies, Llc Electric machine module cooling system and method
US20120262012A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Kubes Larry A Electric machine module cooling system and method
US9768666B2 (en) * 2011-09-08 2017-09-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft External cooling tube arrangement for a stator of an electric motor
US20140217840A1 (en) * 2011-09-08 2014-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stator for an electric motor
RU2631677C9 (ru) * 2012-04-10 2017-12-12 Дженерал Электрик Компани Система и способ охлаждения электродвигателя
RU2631677C2 (ru) * 2012-04-10 2017-09-26 Дженерал Электрик Компани Система и способ охлаждения электродвигателя
US20150061425A1 (en) * 2012-04-30 2015-03-05 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Internally cooled servo motor with segmented stator
US20150288255A1 (en) * 2012-10-09 2015-10-08 Integral Powertrain Ltd. Rotary device, a motor and a method of cooling a motor
US20140102685A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for cooling a component of an electrical machine using cooling coils
US9362785B2 (en) * 2012-11-06 2016-06-07 Lcdrives Corp. Concentrated winding stator construction for high efficiency machine
US20140125188A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 LC Drives Corp. Concentrated winding stator construction for high efficiency machine
US9356495B2 (en) * 2012-11-22 2016-05-31 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Method for soldering a stator to a cooler, and stator comprising a solder connection to the stator support
US20150303778A1 (en) * 2012-11-22 2015-10-22 Compact Dynamics Gmbh Method for soldering a stator to a cooler, and stator comprising a solder connection to the stator support
US10158272B2 (en) * 2012-12-04 2018-12-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric machine with combined air and water cooling
US20160204680A1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2016-07-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric machine with combined air and water cooling
JP2014207817A (ja) * 2013-04-15 2014-10-30 マツダ株式会社 回転電機
US9985500B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-05-29 Prippell Technologies, Llc Induction motor with transverse liquid cooled rotor and stator
CN106133855A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2016-11-16 雷米技术有限公司 带有传热增强件的电机
US20150280526A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Remy Technologies, L.L.C. Electric machine with heat transfer enhancer
WO2015148537A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Remy Technologies Llc Machine électrique à amplificateur de transfert de chaleur
US10523068B2 (en) 2014-04-09 2019-12-31 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Stator for an electric machine and electric machine
US11255612B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2022-02-22 Enure, Inc. Wound strip machine
US10060682B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2018-08-28 Prippell Technologies, Llc Fluid-cooled wound strip structure
US10756583B2 (en) 2014-07-25 2020-08-25 Enure, Inc. Wound strip machine
WO2016044570A1 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2016-03-24 Prippel Technologies, Llc Appareil de refroidissement de spire d'extrémité de machine électrique
US20160226327A1 (en) 2015-01-30 2016-08-04 Prippel Technologies, Llc Electric machine stator with liquid cooled teeth
US10790728B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2020-09-29 Enure, Inc. Electric machine stator with liquid cooled teeth
US10411563B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2019-09-10 Prippell Technologies, Llc Electric machine stator with liquid cooled teeth
US10270315B2 (en) 2015-08-19 2019-04-23 Tm4 Inc. Cast cooling arrangement for electric machines
WO2017027972A1 (fr) * 2015-08-19 2017-02-23 Tm4 Inc. Agencement de refroidissement coulé pour machines électriques
US10008907B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Over mold with integrated insert to enhance heat transfer from an electric machine end winding
US10008908B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-06-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US10097066B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-10-09 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US10536055B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2020-01-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
US10086538B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-10-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
US10038351B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-07-31 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Thermal management assembly for an electrified vehicle
US10135319B2 (en) 2016-03-17 2018-11-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine for vehicle
US11646613B2 (en) 2017-08-18 2023-05-09 Vitesco Technologies Germany Gmbh Stator for an electrical machine, in particular of a motor vehicle, and method for producing such a stator
US10855144B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2020-12-01 General Electric Company Electrical winding topologies and methods of making the same
US11469635B2 (en) * 2019-04-12 2022-10-11 Dr. Ing. H. C. F. Porsche Ag Rotor for an electric machine
CN112152342A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-29 日本电产株式会社 驱动装置
CN112152342B (zh) * 2019-06-28 2023-09-12 日本电产株式会社 驱动装置
CN110994820B (zh) * 2019-12-30 2021-08-31 河南师范大学 一种水冷机壳和定子铁芯的装配结构及制造方法
CN110994820A (zh) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-10 河南师范大学 一种水冷机壳和定子铁芯的装配结构及制造方法
CN112600320A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2021-04-02 超音速智能技术(杭州)有限公司 一种小型电机定子冲片
JP7150219B1 (ja) * 2021-01-20 2022-10-07 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機及び回転電機の冷却システム
US12237721B2 (en) 2021-11-09 2025-02-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Electric machine with helical cooling path

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