US81078A - Improved roofing - Google Patents
Improved roofing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US81078A US81078A US81078DA US81078A US 81078 A US81078 A US 81078A US 81078D A US81078D A US 81078DA US 81078 A US81078 A US 81078A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roofing
- cement
- improved roofing
- ehret
- roof
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000876852 Scorias Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011286 gas tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/6835—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using temporarily an auxiliary support
- H01L21/6836—Wafer tapes, e.g. grinding or dicing support tapes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/08—Impregnating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
- Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
- Y10T428/24413—Metal or metal compound
Definitions
- FIGJ. 1 A first figure.
- My invention consists of lroofing composed of granulated slag, scoria, or cinder applied to a cemented surface, as described hereafter; the said granulated material consisting of small angular pieces, which adhere to tbe coment-surface much more tenaciously than the ordinary round and smooth pebbles of a gravel roof'.
- Figure 2 a plan view.
- Ordinary gravel ⁇ consists, for the most part, of 'nearly sphericalpebbles, which can be readily extracted from the cement.
- the slag or seoria may be granulated by subjecting it to the action of rollers or stumpers, the pieces in either cas'e being of the angular form represented in the drawing, a form best adapted for retention by the cement.
- Y The material, too, is, independent ol' the shape of the pieces, far better adapted for adhesion to the cement than smooth pebbles; so closely heldaregthle pieces that they cannot be disturbed, even by Walking on thc roof;v
- the roof is ⁇ lighter than a pebble roof.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
M. EHRET, Jr. ROOFING.
Patented Aug. 18, 1868.
FIGJ.
MICHAEL EHRET, JR., OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
Letters Patent No. 81,078, dated August 18, 1868.
IMPROVED RoorINe.
@he Stimuli tefemh tu in tiges: @effets rtent mit making gert nf tige` same.
To ALI, WHOM IT MAY ooNeERN:
Be it known that I, MICHAEL EHRET, Jr., of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have inventedvan Improvement in Roong; and I do hereby declare the following to be a llull, clear, and exact description ofthe same.
My invention consists of lroofing composed of granulated slag, scoria, or cinder applied to a cemented surface, as described hereafter; the said granulated material consisting of small angular pieces, which adhere to tbe coment-surface much more tenaciously than the ordinary round and smooth pebbles of a gravel roof'.
In o'dor to enable others skilled in the art to apply y invention, I will now proceed to describe the of carrying the same into eifect, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms a partfvof this specification, and in whiclr J Figure 1 is a sectional view of a portion of my improved roofing, and
Figure 2a plan view.
In preparing my 4improved roofing, I use the ordinary coarse paper or felting, such as is -used in gravelroofing'. This paper I cover asusual with boiled gas-tar, asplialtum, or other equivalent cement, but instead of spreading the usual gravel on the coated surface, I employ granulated slag, scoria, or cil-nder.
Ordinary gravel` consists, for the most part, of 'nearly sphericalpebbles, which can be readily extracted from the cement.
The slag or seoria (common refuse of furnaces) may be granulated by subjecting it to the action of rollers or stumpers, the pieces in either cas'e being of the angular form represented in the drawing, a form best adapted for retention by the cement. Y \y The material, too, is, independent ol' the shape of the pieces, far better adapted for adhesion to the cement than smooth pebbles; so closely heldaregthle pieces that they cannot be disturbed, even by Walking on thc roof;v
moreover, the roof is`lighter than a pebble roof.
I claim asnmy invention, and desire te secure -by Letters Patentl Roolng consisting of 'granulated slag,'ecoria,' or cinder applied to a cement-surface, as set forth. In testimony whereof, Ihave sgnedmy dameto this specification in'the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
. MICHAEL EHRET, JR. Witnesses:
WM. A; STEEL, C. B. PRICE.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US81078A true US81078A (en) | 1868-08-18 |
Family
ID=2150572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US81078D Expired - Lifetime US81078A (en) | Improved roofing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US81078A (en) |
-
0
- US US81078D patent/US81078A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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