US809612A - Means for superheating steam. - Google Patents

Description

No. 809,612. PATBNTED JAN. 9, 1906.

F. A. HAUGHTON. MEANS FOR SUPERHBATING STBAMV APPLICATION FILED MAR.20, 1905.

a i zueza ol' FRANK A. HAUGHTON, OF SOHENECTADY, NElV YORK.

MEANS FOR SUPERHEATING STEAM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1906.

Application filed March 20, 1905. Serial No. 250,975.

To (all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK A. HAUGHTON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of the city of Schenectady, county of Schenectady, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Generating and Superheating Steam, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvementin means for generating and superheating steam, and resides in the mechanical structure and arrangement of parts by which I accomplish these results.

I am aware that various boiler constructions have been made whereby steam is first generated and then superheated, and I do not intend to be understood as claiming such operation as new with me. My invention resides in the means which I employ. These I will describe in detail.

I have illustrated my invention in diagrammatic form, as the structures with which I deal are so well understood in the art as to need no detailed description.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the axis of the forward portion of a tubular boiler and the superheater contained therein. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken on the line a: y, Fig. 1 looking toward the fire end of the boiler.

Referring to Fig. 1, 5 is the shell of the boiler extended forward beyond the front tube-sheet 8. 7 is the shell of the smokebox 6, and 14 is the smoke-stack. 9 9 are the fire-tubes of the boiler or generator expanded steam-tight in the tube-sheet8 and preferably protruding slightly beyond the sheet, as shown at 15 15. 11 is a cylindrical shell having two heads or ends 12 13 and forming a chamber separate and removable from, but contained within the extended shell 5 and the smokebox shell 7. through the said chamber and preferably prov truding at the rear end of the chamber. They are the same in number as the fire-tubes 9 in the generator and register with them tube for tube. The tubes 10 are preferably larger in diameter than the tubes 9 by a sufficient amount to enable the rear ends of the former to overlap the forward ends of the latter, as indicated at 15, in the manner of a telescope, thus forming continuous and uninterrupted passages for the fire and gases through the tubes 9 and l0.

16 16, Fig. 2, are diaphragms or deflector- 10 10 are fire-tubes extendingv plates extending completely between the heads 12 13, fitting against them closely and intersecting the shell 11 at 17 17, Figs. 1 and 2, and forming a tight joint with the said shell. These deflectors extend downward from the shell and between the tubes 10 for a suitable distance and for the purpose as will be explained.

18 is the T-head and has an extended portion 19, preferablyintegral with the same and forming a trough or a pipe with an open top, as shown in section, Fig. 2, at 20. This trough distributes the current of the steam passing upward between the deflector-plates 16 16 over the full length of thesuperheater, Fig. 1, instead of the current, for example, being localized at the forward end as could be the case should the T-head 18, Fig. 1, terminate at the head 13 instead of being extended into the super-heater. The opening is preferably made along the top, as that position still further tends to produce a completely-distributed flow of the steam around the tubes between the deflector-plates 16 16, Fig. 2.

21 shows a portion of one of the usual steam-pipes leading to the cylinders and is connected at its forward end to the T-head 18, Fig. 1.

The T-head 18 passes through the head 13 of the superheater and is secured steam-tight around its outer circumference in the head.

22, Fig. 1, is one of two dry-pipes extending from the usual throttle-valve located in the steam-space of the generator to the superheater-chamber in the location shown in Fig. 2 at 22 23. They are expanded steam-tight into both heads 8 and 12.

The action of my device is as follows: When the throttle-valve in the generator is opened, the steam enters the superheater-chamber at both sides through the dry-pipes 22 and 23. It then passes downward among the tubes 10, as indicated by the arrows, beingintercepted by the deflector-plates 16, and at 24 24 its direction of flow is suddenly changed IOC to upward and among the portion of the points 24 24 any water or extra moisture which may happen to be in the steam becomes separated therefrom owing to its mo- 7 mentum and is deposited at the bottom of the superheater-chamber and below the plate 25, which extends from the head 12 to the head 13 and effectually prevents any further possibility of being carried upward and to the cylinders. This Water may then be drawn ofl or blown out through the cook 26, Fig. 1. By this construction in case the water in the boiler be allowed to become too high by carelessness, as sometimes happens, or in case of priming the water which is then taken through the throttle-valve and dry-pipe is trapped or separated at the bottom of the superheater and cannot get to the cylinders where, as is well known, it would cause considerable damage. During the passage of the steam through the superheater among the tubes 10, it becomes dried and highly superheated, the deflector-plates 16 causingit to circulate through and against their heated surfaces. It will also be observed that in addition to the heating-surface afforded by the tubes the entire surface of the shell and heads of the superheater-chamber contribute as heating-surface as the gases in the smoke-box have free access to its entire external surface. This not only provides additional heating-surface, but acts also as a most eflicient jacket to prevent any radiation of heat to the atmosphere.

It will be seen that this whole construction is simple, convenient, and complete. There is no interruption to the flow of the gases of combustion through the tubes and therefore no interference with the draft. There are no obstructions in the tubes to cause the lodg ment of cinders, and therefore no tendency for them to become clogged up.

The complete circulation of the steam among the tubes causes it to absorb the maximum amount of heat possible and finally raising its temperature nearly to that of the gases of combustion emerging into the smokebox.

The general design provides for a low cost of construction and ease in making repairs both to the boiler and superheater. As in case of failure of the boiler-tubes, the superheater complete and as a whole may be removed for access to the boiler-tubes or to the superheater itself.

Vhile I have shown my invention in its simplest form, it may readily be seen that it is subject to considerable variation without departing from its essential features. I have shownonly two deflector-plates; but their number may be increased or decreased when found desirable.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isv 1. The combination with a steam-generating chamber, of a superheater, a baflie-plate located in the superheating-chamber to deflect the steam entering the chamber and separate the water therefrom, and a plate located in the lower portion of the. superheating-chamber under which the separated water passes.

2. The combination with a steam-generating chamber, of a superheating-chamber, a pair of baflie-plates located in the su perheating-chamber to deflect the steam entering the chamber and separate the water therefrom, and a plate located in the lower portion of the superheating-chamber under which the separated water passes.

3. The combination with a steam-generating chamber, of a superheating-chamber, a baffle-plate located in the superheating-chamber, a pipe leading from the generating-chamber to the portion of the superheating-chamber on one side of the bafiie-plate, means to convey the steam from the superheating-chamber located on the other side of the bafiie-plate, said baffle-plate being arranged to suddenly change the direction of flow of the steam thereby separating moisture or water from the steam and a plate located in the lower portion of the chamber under which the separated water passes.

4. The combination with a steam-generating chamber, of a superheating-chamber, a pair of baffle-plates located in the chamber, pipes leading from the generating-chamber to the portion of the superheating-chamber between the plates and the shell of the chamber, means arranged between the plates to convey the steam from the superheater, said plates being arranged to suddenly change the direction of flow of the steam, thereby separating moisture or water from the steam, and a plate located in the lower portion of the chamber under which the separated water passes.

5. The combination with a tubular boiler having an extended shell, of a superheater consisting of a closed chamber provided with a plurality of fire-tubes and a plurality of baffleplates,'said plates extending longitudinally of the superheater-chamber, means for introducing steam from the boiler to the superheater into the space outside the plates, means for withdrawing the steam from the superheater from the space between the plates, said chamber being separated from the boiler, but contained within the extended shell and firetubes in the chamber registering with the tubes of the boiler.

6. The combination with a steam-generating chamber, of a superheater and means located in the superheating-chamber to deflect the steam entering the chamber and separate the water therefrom, and a plate located in the lower portion of the superheating-chamber under which the separated water passes.

Signed by me at New York, N. Y., this 14th day of March, 1905.

FRANK A. HAUGHTON.

Witnesses:

PAUL BONYNGE, EMMA WV. FtNLAYsoN.

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