US797107A - Steam-boiler. - Google Patents

Description

No. 797,107. PATENTED AUG. 15, 1905. J. E. HAARMANN. STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 211905.

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@TEAWl EiDlLlElW Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed May 2, 1905. Serial No. 258,563.

To all when), 11/ nu/,g concern:

Be it known that 1, JonN E. lilAARMANN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Omaha, in the county of Douglas and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam-boilers; and it is the object thereof, first, to provide a steam-boiler of large capacity which may be separated into comparatively small sections and erected within limited space and in which the entire metal surface may be reached by the furnace-gases to heat the same; second, to provide means for maintaining a rapid and effective circulation of water within the boiler and means for precipitating and removing from circulation the heavier solid particles suspended in the water, and, third, to provide a steam-drum around which is maintained a circulation of furnace-gases by which dry superheated steam may be obtained. These objects are attained by the construction shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section through a boiler constructed in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof on the planes indicated by the broken line 02 w of Fig. 1.

1n the construction shown I provide a plurality of relatively short horizontal tubular steam-generating units 1, 2, and 3, placed one above the other and connected with each other by the water-legst and 5. Each of said units comprises a cylindrical shell having heads placed therein through and between which the tubes or flues 6 pass in the ordinary manner. The said fines are equally spaced throughout the entire cylinder except at the lower part thereof opposite the manhole 7, as shown in the lower unit 1, so that braces are not required as in such tubular steam-generating units where the fines pass between and brace only a portion of the heads. The said steam-generating units are inclosed and supported by a suitable boiler-setting comprising the walls 8, lined with fire-brick 9, and the metal front 10, having the cleaning-doors 11 therein opposite the front of each unit. Below the lower unit is constructed the furnace, comprising the fire-box 12, the grates 13, the ash-pit 14, the bridge-wall 15, and the combustion-chamber 16. Suitable doors 17 and 18 are placed in the metal front 10 opposite the firebox and ash-pit in the ordinary manner. Brackets 19 on the sides of the units extend into the walls of the setting, as shown in Fig. 2, and support the units in proper relative position.

A steam-drum 20 is placed above the upper tubular unit 3 and connected therewith by the water-legs 21. The ends of said drum extend througl'l the rear wall of the setting and the metal front 10, as shown, the drum being supported thereby. To the front end of said drum and the upper tubular unit 3 is connected an ordinary steam and water gage coinbination 22, as shown, while from the upper side of the drum extend the steam-pipe 23 and the pipe 24, to which a suitable safety valve may be connected.

The combustion products or furnace-gases passing up behind the lower tubular unit 1 are deflected by a lire-tile arch 25, fitting over the space between the end of the said unit and the rear wall of the setting, and pass through the lines of said unit into the space between the front end of the same and the metal front 10 and above the lire-brick inverted arch 26. Passing upwardly in said space the gases are deflected by the lire'tile inverted arch 27 and directed rearward between the shells of the units 1 and 2 to the space behind the unit 2. Being again deflected by the metal arch 28, arranged similarly to the arch 25, the gases pass through the fines of the unit 2, thence upward in front of the same'and are deflected by the metal inverted arch 29 and directed rearward between the units 2 and 3 to the space behind the unit A metal arch 30, placed over said space similarly to the arches 25 and 28, directs the gases through the fines of the unit 3, from the front end of which they pass upwardly around the steam drum, thence through the hood 31, placed over the boilersetting and leading to the stack 32. Thus the combustion products in their passage from the furnace to the stack .come into contact with the entire metal surface of the tubular units, so that there is provided the greatest heat-absorbing surface possible with units of the size employed.

The lire-tile arch 25 and the metal arches 28 and 30 are supported at their front edges by the shells of the tubular units, at their rear edges by the brick arches 33, built into the rear wall of the setting, and at their lower edges by the ledges 34 on the side walls of the setting, as shown in Fig. 2. The inverted arches 27 and 29 are supported at their rear into contact with the uncooled and intenselyheated combustion products need not be made of such highly-refractory material, and metal plates can be advantageously employed therefor.

A circulation of water is provided by the following: Near the end of the steam:drum outside the rear wall of the setting the returnpipe 37 is connected and extends downwardly to the settling-drum 38, which is placed below the level of the lower tubular unit 1. From the said drum a short pipe 39 extends up to the T connection 40, from which a pipe 41 passes through the rear wall into the combustion-chamber and is connected with the lower tubular unit, as shown. In the outer end of the T connection 40 is a bushing through which the feed-water pipe 42 passes and extends through the T and into the pipe 41, as shown. Thus there may be established a complete water circulation from the lower tubular unit 1 upward through the legs 4, the unit 2, legs 5, unit 3, and legs 21 to the steam-drum 20. Thence such water as is not converted into steam duringsaid upward passage flows through the drum and downward through the return-pipe to the settling-drum, thence through the pipes 39 and 41 to the lower tubular unit and again upward, as described. The feed-wa-ter from the pipe 42 entering the pipe 41 injector-like tends to increase the circulation, as will be obvious.

The area of section of the settling-drum being much greater than that of the pipes connected therewith, the circulation through the same is relatively slow, so that the heavier solid particles suspended in the Water may settle during the passage of the water through the same. A valve-controlled blow-off pipe 43 is connected with the lower part of the settling-drum, as shown, by which deposits therein may be flushed out of the same. If it is desired to avoid loss of steam during said flushing of the drum, the valve 44 in the returnpipe 37 may be closed to prevent a rush of steam down said pipe from the steam-drum, and at any time said valve may be partly closed should it be desired to reduce the circulation and prevent racing.

The placing of the settling-drum outside the boiler-setting, whereby it is not subjected to the intense heat of the combustion-chamber, in or near which settling or mud drums are usually placed, prevents baking or hardening of the deposits therein, making the same easily removable through the blow-off pipe.

Now, having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-boiler a plurality of superposed horizontal tubular steam-generating units, water passages or legs connecting the same, a steam-drum connected With the upper of said units, return'pipes leading from said steam-drum to the lower unit, a furnace, and deflecting-arches adapted to direct the furnacegases alternately through the fiues of the successive units and between the shells thereof.

2. In a steam-boiler, a plurality of horizontal tubular steam-generating units placed within a suitable inclosure one above the other, water-passages connecting said units, a steamdrum connected with the upper unit, a settling-drum disposed below the level of the lower unit, a pipe connecting the steam-drum with the settling-drum, pipes connecting the settling-drum with the lower unit, a furnace, and means for directing the furnace-gases alternately through the flues of the successive units and between the shells thereof.

3. In a steam-boiler, a plurality of hori- Zontal tubular steam-generating units placed within suitable inclosing walls one above the other, water-passages connecting said units, a steam-drum connected with the upper unit, a settling-drum disposed below the level of the lower unit, a pipe connecting the steamdrum with the settling-drum, a pipe connecting the settling-drum with the lower unit, a feed-water pipe passing into said pipe leading to the lower unit, a furnace disposed below the lower unit, and deflecting-arches at each end of the tubular units whereby combustion products from the furnace are directed alternately through the lines of the successive units and between the shells thereof.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN E. HAARMANN.

\Vitnesses:

L. G. SHARP, J. E. ARMSTRONG.

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