US650649A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 650,649. Patented May 29,1900. J. A. MULLER.

STEAM TURBINE.

(Application filed Aug. 1, 1898.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets8heet 1.

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(Application filed Au 1, 1898.)

Patented May 29, I900.

UNITED, STATES PATENT QFFICE JACOB ADOLF MULLER, or MUNSTER, GERMANY'.

STEAM-TURBINE.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 650,649, dated May 29, 1900. Application filed August 1, 1898. Serial No. 687,437. (no model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB ADOLF MiiLLER, a citizen of Germany, residing atMiinster, in the Province of Westphalia, Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in' the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a novel construction in a steam-turbine, the object being to provide a device of this character in which the greatest possible percentage of the steam energy is converted into rotary motion and power; and it consists in the features-of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a steam-turbine constructed in accordance with my invention, taken on the line 1 l of Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with the casing partially broken away. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of same. Fig. 4 is adetail view in elevation of one of the stationary members of the turbine. Fig. 5 is a detail View in elevation of one'of the movable members of the turbine. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section of two stationary and one movable member, taken on a circumference inside of the periphery of same, said view being developed on a plane. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing a perforated plate forming a part of a movable member.

Referring now to said drawings, 0 and U indicate, respectively, the upper and lower members of a casing, each being,so to speak, a semicylindrical shell comprising a plurality of chambers of different diameters. Said members 0 and U are provided with flanges on their edges, by means of which they are secured together to form a complete cylindrical shell, having chambers A, B, O, D, and E formed therein, each of which is of greater diameter than the preceding one. A bearing F for the shaft S, passing centrally through said casing, is secured to the small end of said casing, and from the other end of said casing said shaft protrudes, passing through a stnffing-box Z, which effects a steam-tight running joint between said casing and said shaft. Said shaft S is further journaled in a bearing G, mounted upon the bed of the member U of said casing. Rigidly mounted within said casing, within'the smallest end portion and adjacent the end wall thereof, is a circular disk a, provided with lugs f at two or more points on its periphery, which are adapted to enter and fit within corresponding recesses in the walls of said casing to hold said disk against rotation. Said disk a. is provided with a plurality of radial slots 8, which pass through said disk at an angle of approximately ten degrees to the plane faces thereof, so as to guide the fluid passing therethrough as nearly as possible parallel with said plane faces. Mounted upon the shaft S, adjacent said disk aand on the side of the latter nearest the large end of said casing, is a wheel h, which consists of a plurality of solid radial Z -shaped spokes 9, mounted upon a hub 10, said spokes exceeding in number by one the slots in the disk a. Said spokes 9 are each so placed upon the hub that one of the flanges t 15, 850., thereof which is farthest from said disk 0. is parallel with the latter, and the web 1* T 8220., thereof is inclined at an angle of about eighty degrees thereto, so as to stand at approximately right angles to said slots 8 in said disk a. The flange s or s, &c., of each of said spokes stands at approximately a right angle to said web r, so as to be practically parallel with said slots 8, said web being adapted to project beyond said flange s or s, &c., and

terminate in a plane parallel with the plane of the disk at, in which said flange s or s, &c., also terminates at its free end. Said flange t t, &c. of eacl1.sp0ke is wider than the flange s s, &c., and the free end of the flange t of one spoke is connected with the free end of the flange s of the next adjacent spoke by means of a perforated plate 0", T or r, &c., extending from the hub to the periphery of said wheel and which is parallel at its inner and outer edges with the inner and outer edges of the adjacent webs 'r' r r", &c. Said plates t t 25 &c., r r 0*, &c., and s s 8 &c.,divide said wheel into a plurality of cells 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, into which steam is admitted through the openings 0 0 0 0 &o., such steam entering the chambers 2 4 6, &c., and impinging against and passing through the perforated plates 'r r r, 850., into the chambers 1 3 5, &c., from which it passes into the space ll and thence through the slots in the disk 0/, which are snflicientlylarger than the slots in the disk a to accommodate the increased volume of the steam due to expansion. Said wheel It runs very close to the disk a, and owing to the differential number of recesses and spokes, respectively, in these two members said wheel It can never assume a posi-" tion in which at least one spoke isnot subjected to the full action of the fluid. A second disk a is mounted in said chamber A beyond the wheel h, a space 14 being left between said wheel h and said dis'k'a'. Said disk (1 is also provided with slots 8 in exactly the same manner as the disk a, except that such slots are larger, so as to permit the passage of the partially-expanded fluid, and beyond said disk 01, is a second wheel it, also situated in said chamber A. The fluid after passing through said disk a, wheel h, disk a, and wheel h passes through a disk I) in the adjacent end of the. chamber B, said disk I) being of larger diameter and provided with larger slots than either of the disks (1 or a. In this manner the fluid progresses toward the large end of the casing, constantly expanding and acting upon correspondinglylarger surfaces and passing through larger openings, so that practically the same force is exerted by it in the chamber E as in the chamber A.

The steam is admitted into chamber A in thespace between the disk at and the end wall of the casing and passes thence through the slots 8 in said disk, through the wheel h,which it sets in motion, and thence through the disks a, andso on, gradually expanding and impinging against proportionary-increased surfaces in the manner of a multiple-expansion engine, and finally is exhausted from the space 15 through the pipej. In this manner tain better results, my theory being that with solid or unperforated plates the steam cannot work faster. than the wheel h revolves and flows farther through the same, while with perforated plates the steam can flow faster than the wheel h revolves without, however, decreasing its pressure on the plates, thus permitting the steam to pass and act upon all the plates of all wheels at the same time,which under condition of great resistance is of great value, particularly in starting.

I 'claimas my invention 1. In a motor, the combination with a rigid disk provided with inclined radial slots, of a rotary member moving in a plane parallel with said rigid disk and comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of radial spokes extending at about a right angle to thesl'ots in said rigid disk, said spokes being alternately perforated and solid.

2. In a motor, the combination with a rigid disk provided with inclined radial slots, of a rotary member moving in a plane parallel with said rigid disk and comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of radial spokes, said spokes comprising a plurality of solid 2- shaped plates, the webs of which extend practically transversely to said slots in said rigid disk.

3. In a motor, the combination with a rigid disk provided with inclined radial slots, of a rotary member moving in a plane parallel with said rigid disk and comprising a shaft carrying a plurality of radial spokes, said spokes comprising a plurality of solid Z- shaped plates, the webs of which extend practically transversely to said slots in said rigid disk, the flanges of said Z-shaped spokes being consecutively connected together by means of radial perforated plates extending practically transversely to said slots in said rigid disk.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JACOB ADOLF MULLER.

Witnesses:

CARL DIETZ, WILLIAM H. MADDEN.

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