[go: up one dir, main page]

US3825015A - Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation - Google Patents

Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3825015A
US3825015A US00315252A US31525272A US3825015A US 3825015 A US3825015 A US 3825015A US 00315252 A US00315252 A US 00315252A US 31525272 A US31525272 A US 31525272A US 3825015 A US3825015 A US 3825015A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
catheter
atrial
stimulation
conductors
atrium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00315252A
Inventor
B Berkovits
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Optical Corp
Original Assignee
American Optical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Optical Corp filed Critical American Optical Corp
Priority to US00315252A priority Critical patent/US3825015A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3825015A publication Critical patent/US3825015A/en
Assigned to COOK PACEMAKER CORPORATION reassignment COOK PACEMAKER CORPORATION LICENSE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 03/27/81 Assignors: ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY
Assigned to TELECTRONICS PTY. LIMITED reassignment TELECTRONICS PTY. LIMITED CONFIRMS THE GRANTING OF LICENSE AGREEMENT DATED JULY 1, 1973 SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS IN AGREEMENT DATED JANUARY 16, 1984 (SEE REORD FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HONEYWELL MEDICAL ELECTRONICS B.V.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S128/00—Surgery
    • Y10S128/901—Suppression of noise in electric signal

Definitions

  • Nealon 57 ABSTRACT A single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation.
  • a single catheter is disclosed that provides separate electrical stimulation to the atrium and separate electrical stimulation to the ventricle on mutually insu- 3 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures t 1 SINGLE CATHETER FOR ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR STIMULATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Description of Prior Art
  • therapeutic heat stimulating devices are well known. Some of these devices are heart pacers which providestimulation to the heart in order to cause the heart to beat. Some pacers provide stimulation only to a ventricle but another type of pacer provides sequential stimulation to both artrium and to ventricle to cause the heart to beat in a more efficient manner. This latter type of pacer is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,595,242 entitled Atrial and Ventricular Demand Pacer which has issued in the name of the inventor of the instant invention. Background material disclosed in this patent is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a problem associated with this type of improved heart pacing is that electrical contact made between the artium wall and the electrode may be difficult to maintain. This is due to the nature of the atrial chambers shape and motion.
  • a solution to this problem is presented in a co-pending application Ser. No. 101,836 filed on Dec. 28, 1970 and which has since matured into U.S.,Pat. No. 3,729,008 and entitled Electrode for Atrial Pacingwith Curved End for Atrial Wall Engagement, wherein a hook-type electrode for gripping the atrium wall is disclosed.
  • This type of electrode solves the atrial wall-electrode contact problem.
  • use of this hook catheter for atrial stimulation necessitates a separate catheter for stimulation of the ventricle.
  • the instant invention solves both the electrical contact problem and the dual catheter problem.
  • the present invention provides a single catheter which contains electrodes that separately stimulate both the atrium and the ventricle and simultaneously provide good contact the the atrium through electrode selection.
  • a single catheter contains a plurality of mutually insulated electrical conductors which are electrically connected within the catheter to conductive rings.
  • the rings extend through the surface of the catheter and are exposed to the heart chamber walls. They are spaced from each other to provide proper stimulation to atrium and ventricle.
  • the catheter is designed to be in-- serted into the ventricle by way of the atrium and a atrium, but there may be as many rings as is conceivably practical.
  • the distance between the two ventricular rings is selected for optimum performance as are the distances among the atrial rings.
  • Atrial rings will make better contact with the atrium than others. These contacts are determined by testing different pairs of conductors after insertion of the catheter into the heart but prior to permanent connection to the heart stimulator. Thus, two of the atrial rings or terminals are selected for providing the stimulation, but more than two may be selected if it is felt that parallel paths of conductors in a particular case will provide a more reliable and efficient electrical contact.
  • the construction of the catheter utilizes an electrostatic shield around the'ventricular electrodes therby electromagnetically separating atrial stimulation from ventricular stimulation.
  • the shield may be utilized as one of the conductors for ventricular stimulation.
  • enclosure 10 is intended to schematically represent the ventricle of a heart and enclo sure 12 is intended to schematically represent the atrium of the heart.
  • Single catheter 30 is depicted as being inserted into ventricle 10 via atrium l2.
  • Conductive rings 14 and 15 make electrical contact with the inside of the ventricle chamber, and conductive rings 16, 17, 18 and 19 are-conductively connected to the inside wall of the atrium chamber.
  • Typical distances between rings 16, 17, 18 and 19 may be on the order of 1 centimeter respectively as may be the distance between rings 14 and 15.
  • the distance between rings 15 and 16 is on the order of 6 centimeters. However, all these ring locations can be varied with respect to each other; the distances therebetween are not necessarily critical.
  • the constraint of rings 14 and 15 lying in the ventricle and rings 16-19 lying in the atrium must be satisfied.
  • Terminal 24 is conductively connected to ring 14, terminal 25 is'conductively connected to ring 15, terminal 26 is conductively connected to ring 16, terminal 27 is conductively connected to ring 17, terminal 28 is conductively connected to ring 18, and terminal 29 is conductively connected to ring 19.
  • the respective numbers with the .subscript I is intended to represent the respective insulated conductors.
  • insulated conductor 24l is associated with terminal 24.
  • Catheter portion 30 is illustrated as being broken away from catheter portion 31. However, these portions are part of the same catheter and are illustrated as such for the purpose of indicating relative distance. For example, the distance between catheter portion 30 and catheter portion 31 may be on the order of several feet.
  • Insulated conductor N is intended to mean that the number of insulated conductors contained within a catheter are to be limited only by physical space available and there is no special total number of catheters that can be used.
  • Electro-static shield 40 is depicted as encompassing insulated conductors 241 and 251 which provide ventricular stimulation. Electro-static shield 40 effectively prevents interference from the stimulation provided on the ventricular conductors from being picked up by the atrial conductors and vice versa.
  • one of the ventricular conductors can be comprised of shield 40 itself. Typically, but not necessarily, shield 40 is braided.
  • the conductive rings 14-19 may be made from a platinum compound and the respective conductors contained within catheter 30 are welded to the inner portion of the conductive rings.
  • the catheter itself may be constructed of a typical high grade durameter rubber which is normally used in surgical implantations.
  • the conductors themselves in a particular embodiment may be ordinary conductive copper wire, but can also be constructed from coiled wire as well.
  • catheter 30 is inserted through a blood vessel and into atrium 12. It is then further urged into ventricle so that catheter 30 comes torest in the manner schematically depicted. Conductive rings 14 and 15 make electrical contact with ventricle 10, and
  • conductive rings 16-19 make electrical contact with atrium 12.
  • the catheter is depicted as linear, in reality it is a flexible tube and certain of the conductive rings will become located within the atrium 12 to provide better electrical contact than other of those rings.
  • the best contacts are determinable from external measurements made on terminals 26-29 and at least two of the atrial rings are selected. More than two can be selected by utilizing two rings in parallel if this seems to be advisable. Otherwise,.the unselected electrodes need not be used.
  • the optimum electrode combination for best atrialventricular stimulation is thus selectable after insertion of the catheter into the heart. Since the size of the heart tends to vary from person to person, it is desirable to select from the above-described electrode stimulation to provide best electrical contact. The availability of these different contact combinations permits the adapt- 4 ing of this electrode to the size of the particular heart in which it is implanted and provides optimum contact. It is thus seen that the need for separate catheters, one for insertion into the ventricle, and another for insertion into the atrium,are eliminated by use of this single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation.
  • the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit .or the essential characteristics thereof. It should be understood that the number of conductive rings utilized'is limited only by physical size. It should be understood further that the distancesbetween the atrial rings, the ventricular rings, and between the two groups, can be selected for optimum performance.
  • the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. ltshould be further understood that no limitations are placed upon utilization of the invention with an implantable or external heart stimulating device. When utilized-with an implantable'devic'e, after the conductive measurements are made, the selected conductors are utilized, the others are ignored by sealing them within the catheter. Of course, in the external configuration the unused conductors are merely ignored without any sealing necessary. Thus, all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
  • a single catheter for use'with a heart stimulatorwhich generates electrical inpulses forthe purpose of separately stimulating the atrium-and ventricle of said heart said catheter comprising first means for conductirg itrial stimulation from said stimulator to said atrium, said first means including a plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors disposed internal to said single catheter and terminating at different locations along said catheter from which at least two said conductors are chosen to conduct said atrial stimulation, second means for conducting ventricular stimulation from said stimulator to said ventricle, and means for preventing electro-magnetic interference between said first and second stimulation application means.
  • said first means further includes a plurality of at least three regularly spaced conductive rings exposed to the surface of said catheter, each of said rings being conductively connected respectively to one of said plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation. A single catheter is disclosed that provides separate electrical stimulation to the atrium and separate electrical stimulation to the ventricle on mutually insulated conductors. All conductors are encapsulated in the single catheter and electrical interference between the atrial and ventricular conductors is eliminated through the use of electro-static shielding. The catheter provides two or more mutually insulated electrical conductors for stimulating the atrium. The best electrical contact made between the atrial conductors and the atrium may be measured and selected for use.

Description

United States Patent 91 Berkovits i 1 3,825,015 [451 July 23, 1974 1 SINGLE CATHETER FOR ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR STIMULATION [75] Inventor: Barough V. Berkovits, Newton Highlands, Mass.
[73] Assignee: American Optical Corporation,
Southbridge, Mass.
[22] Filed: Dec. 14, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 315,252
[52] US. Cl, 128/404, 128/419 P [51] Int. Cl A6ln 1/34 [58] Field of Search.... 128/404, 418, 419 D, 419 P, 128/419 R [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,253,595 5/1966 Murphy, Jr. et a1 128/419 P 3,478,746 11/1969 Greatbatch 128/419 P 3,595,242 Berkovits 128/419 P 7 l [L IL IL 3,718,142 2/1973 M ulier 128/419? Primary Examiner-William E. Kamm Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Joel Wall; William C.
Nealon 57 ABSTRACT A single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation. A single catheter is disclosed that provides separate electrical stimulation to the atrium and separate electrical stimulation to the ventricle on mutually insu- 3 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures t 1 SINGLE CATHETER FOR ATRIAL AND VENTRICULAR STIMULATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Description of Prior Art In the electro-medical field, therapeutic heat stimulating devices are well known. Some of these devices are heart pacers which providestimulation to the heart in order to cause the heart to beat. Some pacers provide stimulation only to a ventricle but another type of pacer provides sequential stimulation to both artrium and to ventricle to cause the heart to beat in a more efficient manner. This latter type of pacer is disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,595,242 entitled Atrial and Ventricular Demand Pacer which has issued in the name of the inventor of the instant invention. Background material disclosed in this patent is incorporated herein by reference.
A problem associated with this type of improved heart pacing is that electrical contact made between the artium wall and the electrode may be difficult to maintain. This is due to the nature of the atrial chambers shape and motion. A solution to this problem is presented in a co-pending application Ser. No. 101,836 filed on Dec. 28, 1970 and which has since matured into U.S.,Pat. No. 3,729,008 and entitled Electrode for Atrial Pacingwith Curved End for Atrial Wall Engagement, wherein a hook-type electrode for gripping the atrium wall is disclosed. This type of electrode solves the atrial wall-electrode contact problem. However, use of this hook catheter for atrial stimulation necessitates a separate catheter for stimulation of the ventricle. Thus, two catheters are used which require additional surgical procedures. The instant invention solves both the electrical contact problem and the dual catheter problem. The present invention provides a single catheter which contains electrodes that separately stimulate both the atrium and the ventricle and simultaneously provide good contact the the atrium through electrode selection.
SUMMARY OF THEINVENTION A single catheter contains a plurality of mutually insulated electrical conductors which are electrically connected within the catheter to conductive rings. The rings extend through the surface of the catheter and are exposed to the heart chamber walls. They are spaced from each other to provide proper stimulation to atrium and ventricle. The catheter is designed to be in-- serted into the ventricle by way of the atrium and a atrium, but there may be as many rings as is conceivably practical. The distance between the two ventricular rings is selected for optimum performance as are the distances among the atrial rings.
Some of the atrial rings will make better contact with the atrium than others. These contacts are determined by testing different pairs of conductors after insertion of the catheter into the heart but prior to permanent connection to the heart stimulator. Thus, two of the atrial rings or terminals are selected for providing the stimulation, but more than two may be selected if it is felt that parallel paths of conductors in a particular case will provide a more reliable and efficient electrical contact. I
The construction of the catheter utilizes an electrostatic shield around the'ventricular electrodes therby electromagnetically separating atrial stimulation from ventricular stimulation. In a particular embodiment, the shield may be utilized as one of the conductors for ventricular stimulation.
It is an advantage of this invention to provide atrial and ventricular stimulation of the kind that may be utilized by a demand atrial and ventricular heart pacer where there is no need for separate atrial and ventricular catheters thereby reducing surgical problems involved.
It is thus an object of this invention to provide improved heart stimulation equipment.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide improved atrial and ventricular demand heart pacing.
part of the illustrative embodiment depicted in FIG. 1. I
. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, enclosure 10 is intended to schematically represent the ventricle of a heart and enclo sure 12 is intended to schematically represent the atrium of the heart. Single catheter 30 is depicted as being inserted into ventricle 10 via atrium l2. Conductive rings 14 and 15 make electrical contact with the inside of the ventricle chamber, and conductive rings 16, 17, 18 and 19 are-conductively connected to the inside wall of the atrium chamber. Typical distances between rings 16, 17, 18 and 19 may be on the order of 1 centimeter respectively as may be the distance between rings 14 and 15. The distance between rings 15 and 16 is on the order of 6 centimeters. However, all these ring locations can be varied with respect to each other; the distances therebetween are not necessarily critical. However, the constraint of rings 14 and 15 lying in the ventricle and rings 16-19 lying in the atrium must be satisfied.
Terminal 24 is conductively connected to ring 14, terminal 25 is'conductively connected to ring 15, terminal 26 is conductively connected to ring 16, terminal 27 is conductively connected to ring 17, terminal 28 is conductively connected to ring 18, and terminal 29 is conductively connected to ring 19. The respective numbers with the .subscript I is intended to represent the respective insulated conductors. For example, insulated conductor 24l is associated with terminal 24.
Catheter portion 30 is illustrated as being broken away from catheter portion 31. However, these portions are part of the same catheter and are illustrated as such for the purpose of indicating relative distance. For example, the distance between catheter portion 30 and catheter portion 31 may be on the order of several feet.
Referring to FIG. 2, one observes the insulated conductors depicted in FIG. 1. Insulated conductor N is intended to mean that the number of insulated conductors contained within a catheter are to be limited only by physical space available and there is no special total number of catheters that can be used. Electro-static shield 40 is depicted as encompassing insulated conductors 241 and 251 which provide ventricular stimulation. Electro-static shield 40 effectively prevents interference from the stimulation provided on the ventricular conductors from being picked up by the atrial conductors and vice versa. In an alternative embodiment, one of the ventricular conductors can be comprised of shield 40 itself. Typically, but not necessarily, shield 40 is braided.
In a particular embodiment, the conductive rings 14-19 may be made from a platinum compound and the respective conductors contained within catheter 30 are welded to the inner portion of the conductive rings. The catheter itself may be constructed of a typical high grade durameter rubber which is normally used in surgical implantations. The conductors themselves in a particular embodiment may be ordinary conductive copper wire, but can also be constructed from coiled wire as well.
ln operation, catheter 30 is inserted through a blood vessel and into atrium 12. It is then further urged into ventricle so that catheter 30 comes torest in the manner schematically depicted. Conductive rings 14 and 15 make electrical contact with ventricle 10, and
conductive rings 16-19 make electrical contact with atrium 12. Although the catheter is depicted as linear, in reality it is a flexible tube and certain of the conductive rings will become located within the atrium 12 to provide better electrical contact than other of those rings. The best contacts are determinable from external measurements made on terminals 26-29 and at least two of the atrial rings are selected. More than two can be selected by utilizing two rings in parallel if this seems to be advisable. Otherwise,.the unselected electrodes need not be used.
The optimum electrode combination for best atrialventricular stimulation is thus selectable after insertion of the catheter into the heart. Since the size of the heart tends to vary from person to person, it is desirable to select from the above-described electrode stimulation to provide best electrical contact. The availability of these different contact combinations permits the adapt- 4 ing of this electrode to the size of the particular heart in which it is implanted and provides optimum contact. It is thus seen that the need for separate catheters, one for insertion into the ventricle, and another for insertion into the atrium,are eliminated by use of this single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit .or the essential characteristics thereof. It should be understood that the number of conductive rings utilized'is limited only by physical size. It should be understood further that the distancesbetween the atrial rings, the ventricular rings, and between the two groups, can be selected for optimum performance. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. ltshould be further understood that no limitations are placed upon utilization of the invention with an implantable or external heart stimulating device. When utilized-with an implantable'devic'e, after the conductive measurements are made, the selected conductors are utilized, the others are ignored by sealing them within the catheter. Of course, in the external configuration the unused conductors are merely ignored without any sealing necessary. Thus, all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
What is claimed is:
1. A single catheter for use'with a heart stimulatorwhich generates electrical inpulses forthe purpose of separately stimulating the atrium-and ventricle of said heart, said catheter comprising first means for conductirg itrial stimulation from said stimulator to said atrium, said first means including a plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors disposed internal to said single catheter and terminating at different locations along said catheter from which at least two said conductors are chosen to conduct said atrial stimulation, second means for conducting ventricular stimulation from said stimulator to said ventricle, and means for preventing electro-magnetic interference between said first and second stimulation application means.
2. A single catheter as recited in claim 1 and wherein said first means further includes a plurality of at least three regularly spaced conductive rings exposed to the surface of said catheter, each of said rings being conductively connected respectively to one of said plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors.
3. A single catheter as recited in claim 2 and wherein said second means includes a plurality of at least two insulated electrical conductors disposed internal to said catheter and a plurality of at least two conductive rings exposed to the surface of said catheter where each of said plurality of at least two'conductive rings is conductively connected respectively to one of said plurality of at least two insulated electrical conductors.

Claims (3)

1. A single catheter for use with a heart stimulator which generates electrical inpulses for the purpose of separately stimulating the atrium and ventricle of said heart, said catheter comprising first means for conducting atrial stimulation from said sstimulator to said atrium, said first means including a plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors disposed internal to said single catheter and terminating at different locations along said catheter from which at least two said conductors are chosen to conduct said atrial stimulation, second means for conducting ventricular stimulation from said stimulator to said ventricle, and means for preventing electromagnetic interference between said first and second stimulation application means.
2. A single catheter as recited in claim 1 and wherein said first means further includes a plurality of at least three regularly spaced conductive rings exposed to the surface of said catheter, each of said rings being conductively connected respectively to one of said plurality of at least three insulated electrical conductors.
3. A single catheter as recited in claim 2 and wherein said second means includes a plurality of at least two insulated electrical conductors disposed internal to said catheter and a plurality of at least two conductive rings exposed to the surface of said catheter where each of said plurality of at least two conductive rings is conductively connected respectively to one of said plurality of at least two insulated electrical conductors.
US00315252A 1972-12-14 1972-12-14 Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation Expired - Lifetime US3825015A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00315252A US3825015A (en) 1972-12-14 1972-12-14 Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00315252A US3825015A (en) 1972-12-14 1972-12-14 Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3825015A true US3825015A (en) 1974-07-23

Family

ID=23223565

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00315252A Expired - Lifetime US3825015A (en) 1972-12-14 1972-12-14 Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3825015A (en)

Cited By (92)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3949757A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-04-13 Sabel George H Catheter for atrio-ventricular pacemaker
US4010755A (en) * 1972-11-28 1977-03-08 Preston Thomas A Unipolar pacing catheter with plural distal electrodes
DE2929498A1 (en) * 1978-07-20 1980-01-31 Medtronic Inc IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE
US4245645A (en) * 1977-09-28 1981-01-20 Arseneault Pierre Michel Self-locking cerebral electrical probe
FR2504394A1 (en) * 1981-04-28 1982-10-29 Seirmi Test probe for monitoring action of cardiac electrode - comprises flexible tube carrying X=ray opaque markings introduced via blood vessel and detectable from outside patients body
US4365639A (en) * 1980-02-07 1982-12-28 Applied Cardiac Electrophysiology Catheter, cardiac pacemaker and method of pacing
US4379462A (en) * 1980-10-29 1983-04-12 Neuromed, Inc. Multi-electrode catheter assembly for spinal cord stimulation
US4444195A (en) * 1981-11-02 1984-04-24 Cordis Corporation Cardiac lead having multiple ring electrodes
US4458695A (en) * 1982-07-16 1984-07-10 Cordis Corporation Multipolar electrode assembly for pacing lead
US4481953A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-11-13 Cordis Corporation Endocardial lead having helically wound ribbon electrode
US4522212A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-06-11 Mansfield Scientific, Inc. Endocardial electrode
US4549548A (en) * 1983-09-14 1985-10-29 Vitafin N.V. Pacemaker system with automatic event-programmed switching between unipolar and bipolar operation
EP0159753A1 (en) * 1984-04-16 1985-10-30 Eliezer A. Astrinski Cardiac lead
US4585004A (en) * 1984-06-01 1986-04-29 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Heart pacing and intracardiac electrogram monitoring system and associated method
US4592372A (en) * 1984-05-22 1986-06-03 Cordis Corporation Pacing/sensing electrode sleeve and method of forming same
USRE32204E (en) * 1980-06-09 1986-07-15 Mansfield Scientific, Inc. Electrode assembly for temporary pacing and heart measurements
US4614192A (en) * 1982-04-21 1986-09-30 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Implantable cardiac defibrillator employing bipolar sensing and telemetry means
US4699147A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-10-13 Cordis Corporation Intraventricular multielectrode cardial mapping probe and method for using same
US4754753A (en) * 1981-05-12 1988-07-05 Medtronic, Inc. System for sensing electrical depolarization wave signals and their direction
US4832051A (en) * 1985-04-29 1989-05-23 Symbion, Inc. Multiple-electrode intracochlear device
US4848352A (en) * 1987-02-13 1989-07-18 Telectronics, N.V. Method for cardiac pacing and sensing using combination of electrodes
US4892102A (en) * 1984-04-16 1990-01-09 Astrinsky Eliezer A Cardiac pacing and/or sensing lead and method of use
US4917115A (en) * 1988-07-11 1990-04-17 Vitatron Medical B. V. Pacing system and method for physiological stimulation of the heart utilizing Doppler means
US4940064A (en) * 1986-11-14 1990-07-10 Desai Jawahar M Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US5127403A (en) * 1988-07-05 1992-07-07 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter utilizing bipolar electrodes spaced in accordance to the length of a heart depolarization signal
US5231995A (en) * 1986-11-14 1993-08-03 Desai Jawahar M Method for catheter mapping and ablation
US5365926A (en) * 1986-11-14 1994-11-22 Desai Jawahar M Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US5398687A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-03-21 Wilson-Cook Medical Inc. Methods for measuring motility within the biliary tract and instrumentation useful therefor
EP0661078A2 (en) * 1994-01-04 1995-07-05 Ventritex, Inc. Cardiac defibrillation lead having defibrillation and atrial sensing electrodes
US5476497A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-12-19 Ann Mirowski Oval electrode lead body
US5529574A (en) * 1992-08-21 1996-06-25 Frackelton; James P. Method and apparatus for treatment of the prostate
US5545204A (en) * 1993-03-08 1996-08-13 Cammilli; Leonardo Sequential cardiostimulation system (DDD) using a single electrocatheter inserted through the coronary sinus
US5628778A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-05-13 Medtronic Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US5701907A (en) * 1996-12-16 1997-12-30 Hewlett-Packard Company Electrocardiographic waveform monitoring method and system
WO1998036794A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-27 Gino Grassi A single electrical catheter for sequential cardiac stimulation
US5800465A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-09-01 Medtronic, Inc. System and method for multisite steering of cardiac stimuli
US5846196A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-12-08 Cordis Europa N.V. Intravascular multielectrode cardiac mapping probe
WO1999011320A1 (en) 1997-09-02 1999-03-11 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass lead and method of use
US5948014A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-09-07 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable stimulation system having a single-pass, tripolar lead and programmable polarity
US5978704A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-11-02 Uab Research Foundation Method and apparatus for treating cardiac arrhythmia
US5987354A (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-11-16 Uab Research Foundation Dual shock atrial defibrillation apparatus
US6006131A (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-12-21 Uab Research Foundation Dual current pathway atrial defibrillation apparatus
US6253109B1 (en) 1998-11-05 2001-06-26 Medtronic Inc. System for optimized brain stimulation
US6345198B1 (en) 1998-01-23 2002-02-05 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable stimulation system for providing dual bipolar sensing using an electrode positioned in proximity to the tricuspid valve and programmable polarity
US20020055765A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2002-05-09 Black Damon Ray Implantable lead and method of manufacture
US20020058981A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2002-05-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High impedance electrode assembly
US6480747B2 (en) 2001-01-16 2002-11-12 Quetzal Biomedical, Inc. Cardiac electrode catheter and method of manufacturing same
US6484057B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2002-11-19 Uab Research Foundation Pacing methods and devices for treating cardiac arrhythmias and fibrillation
US6549812B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-15 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffness which increase in the distal direction
US6556873B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-29 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US20030204214A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-30 Bozlder Ferek-Patric Capture management in multi-site pacing
US20030217463A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-27 Schmidt John A. Method and apparatus for manufacturing implantable electrodes having controlled surface area and integral conductors
US20040024421A1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-05 Ideker Raymond E. Pacing methods and devices using feedback controlled timing
US20040049118A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Methods, systems and computer program products for treating fibrillation in a patient based on the presence of fibrillation following administration of defibrillation therapy
US20040049232A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Post-defibrillation pacing methods and devices
US20040049117A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Devices for detecting the presence of cardiac activity following administration of defibrillation therapy
US6711440B2 (en) 2002-04-11 2004-03-23 Biophan Technologies, Inc. MRI-compatible medical device with passive generation of optical sensing signals
US6718207B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-04-06 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6725092B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2004-04-20 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic radiation immune medical assist device adapter
US6731979B2 (en) 2001-08-30 2004-05-04 Biophan Technologies Inc. Pulse width cardiac pacing apparatus
US20040092806A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2004-05-13 Sagon Stephen W Microelectrode catheter for mapping and ablation
US6738673B2 (en) 1986-11-14 2004-05-18 Jawahar M. Desai Method for catheter mapping and ablation
US6829509B1 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-12-07 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US20050065587A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Mark Gryzwa Implantable lead with magnetic jacket
US20050107833A1 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-05-19 Freeman Gary A. Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US6925328B2 (en) 2000-04-20 2005-08-02 Biophan Technologies, Inc. MRI-compatible implantable device
US6968236B2 (en) 2002-01-28 2005-11-22 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Ceramic cardiac electrodes
US6980848B2 (en) 2002-07-25 2005-12-27 Biopham Technologies Inc. Optical MRI catheter system
US6988001B2 (en) 2001-10-31 2006-01-17 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Hermetic component housing for photonic catheter
US7054686B2 (en) 2001-08-30 2006-05-30 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Pulsewidth electrical stimulation
US20060155334A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2006-07-13 Ideker Raymond E Methods and systems for reducing discomfort from cardiac defibrillation shocks
US7734344B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2010-06-08 Uab Research Foundation Methods, systems and computer program products to inhibit ventricular fibrillation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
WO2012170258A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-13 Curtis Guy P System and method for transvascular activation of cardiac nerves with automatic restart
US8346339B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-01-01 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having a flexible electrode assembly for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US8527046B2 (en) 2000-04-20 2013-09-03 Medtronic, Inc. MRI-compatible implantable device
US10850104B2 (en) 2015-07-10 2020-12-01 Axonics Modulation Technologies, Inc. Implantable nerve stimulator having internal electronics without ASIC and methods of use
US10971950B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2021-04-06 The Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research Microprocessor controlled class E driver
US11083903B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2021-08-10 Axonics, Inc. Methods and systems for frequency adjustment to optimize charging of implantable neurostimulator
US11110283B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2021-09-07 Axonics, Inc. Neurostimulation leads for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US11116985B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2021-09-14 Axonics, Inc. Clinician programmer for use with an implantable neurostimulation lead
US11123569B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2021-09-21 Axonics, Inc. Patient remote and associated methods of use with a nerve stimulation system
US11213675B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-01-04 Axonics, Inc. Implantable lead affixation structure for nerve stimulation to alleviate bladder dysfunction and other indication
US11260236B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2022-03-01 Axonics, Inc. External pulse generator device and affixation device for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US11338144B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-05-24 Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research Current sensing multiple output current stimulators
US11389659B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-07-19 Axonics, Inc. External pulse generator device and associated methods for trial nerve stimulation
US11439829B2 (en) 2019-05-24 2022-09-13 Axonics, Inc. Clinician programmer methods and systems for maintaining target operating temperatures
US11478648B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2022-10-25 Axonics, Inc. Antenna and methods of use for an implantable nerve stimulator
US11484723B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2022-11-01 Axonics, Inc. Attachment devices and associated methods of use with a nerve stimulation charging device
US11497916B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-11-15 Axonics, Inc. Electromyographic lead positioning and stimulation titration in a nerve stimulation system for treatment of overactive bladder
US11642537B2 (en) 2019-03-11 2023-05-09 Axonics, Inc. Charging device with off-center coil
US11730411B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2023-08-22 Axonics, Inc. Methods for determining neurostimulation electrode configurations based on neural localization
US11848090B2 (en) 2019-05-24 2023-12-19 Axonics, Inc. Trainer for a neurostimulator programmer and associated methods of use with a neurostimulation system

Cited By (164)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010755A (en) * 1972-11-28 1977-03-08 Preston Thomas A Unipolar pacing catheter with plural distal electrodes
US3949757A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-04-13 Sabel George H Catheter for atrio-ventricular pacemaker
US4245645A (en) * 1977-09-28 1981-01-20 Arseneault Pierre Michel Self-locking cerebral electrical probe
DE2929498A1 (en) * 1978-07-20 1980-01-31 Medtronic Inc IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE
US4365639A (en) * 1980-02-07 1982-12-28 Applied Cardiac Electrophysiology Catheter, cardiac pacemaker and method of pacing
USRE32204E (en) * 1980-06-09 1986-07-15 Mansfield Scientific, Inc. Electrode assembly for temporary pacing and heart measurements
US4379462A (en) * 1980-10-29 1983-04-12 Neuromed, Inc. Multi-electrode catheter assembly for spinal cord stimulation
FR2504394A1 (en) * 1981-04-28 1982-10-29 Seirmi Test probe for monitoring action of cardiac electrode - comprises flexible tube carrying X=ray opaque markings introduced via blood vessel and detectable from outside patients body
US4754753A (en) * 1981-05-12 1988-07-05 Medtronic, Inc. System for sensing electrical depolarization wave signals and their direction
US4444195A (en) * 1981-11-02 1984-04-24 Cordis Corporation Cardiac lead having multiple ring electrodes
US4481953A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-11-13 Cordis Corporation Endocardial lead having helically wound ribbon electrode
US4614192A (en) * 1982-04-21 1986-09-30 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Implantable cardiac defibrillator employing bipolar sensing and telemetry means
US4458695A (en) * 1982-07-16 1984-07-10 Cordis Corporation Multipolar electrode assembly for pacing lead
US4549548A (en) * 1983-09-14 1985-10-29 Vitafin N.V. Pacemaker system with automatic event-programmed switching between unipolar and bipolar operation
US4522212A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-06-11 Mansfield Scientific, Inc. Endocardial electrode
US4892102A (en) * 1984-04-16 1990-01-09 Astrinsky Eliezer A Cardiac pacing and/or sensing lead and method of use
EP0159753A1 (en) * 1984-04-16 1985-10-30 Eliezer A. Astrinski Cardiac lead
US4592372A (en) * 1984-05-22 1986-06-03 Cordis Corporation Pacing/sensing electrode sleeve and method of forming same
US4585004A (en) * 1984-06-01 1986-04-29 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Heart pacing and intracardiac electrogram monitoring system and associated method
US4832051A (en) * 1985-04-29 1989-05-23 Symbion, Inc. Multiple-electrode intracochlear device
US4699147A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-10-13 Cordis Corporation Intraventricular multielectrode cardial mapping probe and method for using same
US5500011A (en) * 1986-11-14 1996-03-19 Desai; Jawahar M. Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US4940064A (en) * 1986-11-14 1990-07-10 Desai Jawahar M Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US5231995A (en) * 1986-11-14 1993-08-03 Desai Jawahar M Method for catheter mapping and ablation
US5365926A (en) * 1986-11-14 1994-11-22 Desai Jawahar M Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US5397339A (en) * 1986-11-14 1995-03-14 Desai; Jawahar M. Catheter for mapping and ablation and method therefor
US6738673B2 (en) 1986-11-14 2004-05-18 Jawahar M. Desai Method for catheter mapping and ablation
US4848352A (en) * 1987-02-13 1989-07-18 Telectronics, N.V. Method for cardiac pacing and sensing using combination of electrodes
US5127403A (en) * 1988-07-05 1992-07-07 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter utilizing bipolar electrodes spaced in accordance to the length of a heart depolarization signal
US4917115A (en) * 1988-07-11 1990-04-17 Vitatron Medical B. V. Pacing system and method for physiological stimulation of the heart utilizing Doppler means
US5476497A (en) * 1991-01-09 1995-12-19 Ann Mirowski Oval electrode lead body
US5398687A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-03-21 Wilson-Cook Medical Inc. Methods for measuring motility within the biliary tract and instrumentation useful therefor
US5529574A (en) * 1992-08-21 1996-06-25 Frackelton; James P. Method and apparatus for treatment of the prostate
US5545204A (en) * 1993-03-08 1996-08-13 Cammilli; Leonardo Sequential cardiostimulation system (DDD) using a single electrocatheter inserted through the coronary sinus
EP0661078A2 (en) * 1994-01-04 1995-07-05 Ventritex, Inc. Cardiac defibrillation lead having defibrillation and atrial sensing electrodes
EP0661078A3 (en) * 1994-01-04 1996-07-24 Ventritex Inc Cardiac defibrillation lead having defibrillation and atrial sensing electrodes.
US5456706A (en) * 1994-01-04 1995-10-10 Ventritex, Inc. Cardiac defibrillation lead having defibrillation and atrial sensing electrodes
US5628778A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-05-13 Medtronic Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US6006139A (en) * 1994-11-21 1999-12-21 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead with cap electrodes
US5995876A (en) * 1994-11-21 1999-11-30 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US5846196A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-12-08 Cordis Europa N.V. Intravascular multielectrode cardiac mapping probe
US5800465A (en) * 1996-06-18 1998-09-01 Medtronic, Inc. System and method for multisite steering of cardiac stimuli
US5987354A (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-11-16 Uab Research Foundation Dual shock atrial defibrillation apparatus
US6327500B1 (en) 1996-08-13 2001-12-04 Uab Research Foundation Dual shock atrial defibrillation apparatus
US6006131A (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-12-21 Uab Research Foundation Dual current pathway atrial defibrillation apparatus
US5701907A (en) * 1996-12-16 1997-12-30 Hewlett-Packard Company Electrocardiographic waveform monitoring method and system
WO1998036794A1 (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-27 Gino Grassi A single electrical catheter for sequential cardiac stimulation
US6470211B1 (en) 1997-06-03 2002-10-22 Uab Research Foundation Method and apparatus for treating cardiac arrhythmia
US6122553A (en) * 1997-06-03 2000-09-19 Uab Research Foundation Method and apparatus for treating cardiac arrhythmia
US5978704A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-11-02 Uab Research Foundation Method and apparatus for treating cardiac arrhythmia
US5922014A (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-07-13 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass lead and method of use
US6021354A (en) * 1997-09-02 2000-02-01 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass lead and method of use
US6201994B1 (en) 1997-09-02 2001-03-13 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass lead and method of use
WO1999011320A1 (en) 1997-09-02 1999-03-11 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass lead and method of use
US5948014A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-09-07 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable stimulation system having a single-pass, tripolar lead and programmable polarity
US6345198B1 (en) 1998-01-23 2002-02-05 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable stimulation system for providing dual bipolar sensing using an electrode positioned in proximity to the tricuspid valve and programmable polarity
US6484059B2 (en) 1998-11-05 2002-11-19 Medtronic, Inc. Method for optimized brain stimulation for treating movement disorders
US6253109B1 (en) 1998-11-05 2001-06-26 Medtronic Inc. System for optimized brain stimulation
US20050246005A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2005-11-03 Black Damon R Method for fabricating an implantable apparatus for delivering electrical stimulation from a pulse generator
US6981314B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2006-01-03 Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc. Method of forming a lead
US20020055765A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2002-05-09 Black Damon Ray Implantable lead and method of manufacture
US20050192655A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2005-09-01 Black Damon R. Method of forming a lead
US7047627B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2006-05-23 Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc. Method for fabricating an implantable apparatus for delivering electrical stimulation from a pulse generator
US8671566B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2014-03-18 Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc. Method of forming a lead
US20100077606A1 (en) * 1999-04-26 2010-04-01 Damon Ray Black Method of forming a lead
US8316537B2 (en) 1999-04-26 2012-11-27 Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc. Method of forming a lead
US20020058981A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2002-05-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High impedance electrode assembly
US6889092B2 (en) 1999-09-24 2005-05-03 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High impedance electrode assembly
US6556873B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-29 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US6718211B2 (en) 1999-11-29 2004-04-06 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffnesses which increase in the distal direction
US6549812B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-15 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffness which increase in the distal direction
US6741893B2 (en) 1999-11-29 2004-05-25 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US8527046B2 (en) 2000-04-20 2013-09-03 Medtronic, Inc. MRI-compatible implantable device
US6925328B2 (en) 2000-04-20 2005-08-02 Biophan Technologies, Inc. MRI-compatible implantable device
US6484057B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2002-11-19 Uab Research Foundation Pacing methods and devices for treating cardiac arrhythmias and fibrillation
US6480747B2 (en) 2001-01-16 2002-11-12 Quetzal Biomedical, Inc. Cardiac electrode catheter and method of manufacturing same
US6795736B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-09-21 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6718203B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-04-06 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6757566B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-06-29 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6760628B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-07-06 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6763268B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-07-13 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6778856B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-08-17 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US7010357B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2006-03-07 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6799069B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-09-28 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6819954B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-11-16 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6819958B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-11-16 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6829509B1 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-12-07 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6845266B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2005-01-18 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6850805B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2005-02-01 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US20070093142A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2007-04-26 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Medical device with a mri-induced signal attenuating member
US7013174B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2006-03-14 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6875180B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2005-04-05 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6954674B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2005-10-11 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US6993387B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2006-01-31 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US7450996B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2008-11-11 Medtronic, Inc. Medical device with an electrically conductive anti-antenna geometrical shaped member
US6901290B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2005-05-31 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US20050090886A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2005-04-28 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Medical device with an electrically conductive anti-antenna geometrical shaped member
US6718207B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2004-04-06 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US7047074B2 (en) 2001-02-20 2006-05-16 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic interference immune tissue invasive system
US7054686B2 (en) 2001-08-30 2006-05-30 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Pulsewidth electrical stimulation
US6731979B2 (en) 2001-08-30 2004-05-04 Biophan Technologies Inc. Pulse width cardiac pacing apparatus
US6988001B2 (en) 2001-10-31 2006-01-17 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Hermetic component housing for photonic catheter
US20040092806A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2004-05-13 Sagon Stephen W Microelectrode catheter for mapping and ablation
US6968236B2 (en) 2002-01-28 2005-11-22 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Ceramic cardiac electrodes
US6711440B2 (en) 2002-04-11 2004-03-23 Biophan Technologies, Inc. MRI-compatible medical device with passive generation of optical sensing signals
US6725092B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2004-04-20 Biophan Technologies, Inc. Electromagnetic radiation immune medical assist device adapter
US7139610B2 (en) * 2002-04-26 2006-11-21 Medtronic, Inc. Capture management in multi-site pacing
US20030204214A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-10-30 Bozlder Ferek-Patric Capture management in multi-site pacing
US20030217463A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-27 Schmidt John A. Method and apparatus for manufacturing implantable electrodes having controlled surface area and integral conductors
US6980848B2 (en) 2002-07-25 2005-12-27 Biopham Technologies Inc. Optical MRI catheter system
US7139608B2 (en) 2002-07-31 2006-11-21 Uab Research Foundation Pacing methods and devices using feedback controlled timing
US20040024421A1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-05 Ideker Raymond E. Pacing methods and devices using feedback controlled timing
US7162298B2 (en) 2002-09-10 2007-01-09 Uab Research Foundation Devices for detecting the presence of cardiac activity following administration of defibrillation therapy
US20040049232A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Post-defibrillation pacing methods and devices
US20040049117A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Devices for detecting the presence of cardiac activity following administration of defibrillation therapy
US20040049118A1 (en) * 2002-09-10 2004-03-11 Ideker Raymond E. Methods, systems and computer program products for treating fibrillation in a patient based on the presence of fibrillation following administration of defibrillation therapy
US8560063B2 (en) 2002-09-10 2013-10-15 Uab Research Foundation Post-defibrillation pacing methods and devices
US20060155334A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2006-07-13 Ideker Raymond E Methods and systems for reducing discomfort from cardiac defibrillation shocks
US7522958B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2009-04-21 Uab Research Foundation Methods and systems for reducing discomfort from cardiac defibrillation shocks
US20050065587A1 (en) * 2003-09-24 2005-03-24 Mark Gryzwa Implantable lead with magnetic jacket
US20050107834A1 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-05-19 Freeman Gary A. Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US11097118B2 (en) 2003-11-13 2021-08-24 Zoll Medical Corporation Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US20050107833A1 (en) * 2003-11-13 2005-05-19 Freeman Gary A. Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US10022550B2 (en) 2003-11-13 2018-07-17 Zoll Medical Corporation Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US9174061B2 (en) 2003-11-13 2015-11-03 Zoll Medical Corporation Multi-path transthoracic defibrillation and cardioversion
US7734344B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2010-06-08 Uab Research Foundation Methods, systems and computer program products to inhibit ventricular fibrillation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
US8843195B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2014-09-23 Uab Research Foundation Methods, systems and computer program products to inhibit ventricular fibrillation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation
US20100204623A1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2010-08-12 Ideker Raymond E Methods, Systems and Computer Program Products to Inhibit Ventricular Fibrillation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
US9504399B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2016-11-29 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having a flexible electrode assembly for sensing monophasic action potentials
US9560982B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2017-02-07 Topera, Inc. Methods for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders using basket style cardiac mapping catheter
US8364234B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-01-29 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having spline bends for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US8812074B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2014-08-19 Topera, Inc. Methods for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders using basket style cardiac mapping catheter
US8364236B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-01-29 Topera, Inc. Flexible electrode assembly for insertion into body lumen or organ
US8346339B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-01-01 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having a flexible electrode assembly for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US8504133B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-08-06 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having a flexible electrode assembly and an atraumatic tip for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US8644902B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2014-02-04 Topera, Inc. Methods for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders using basket style cardiac mapping catheter
US9895072B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2018-02-20 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having an atraumatic, metallic two-part distal tip for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US8364235B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2013-01-29 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having an atraumatic basket tip for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
US10244960B2 (en) 2011-04-22 2019-04-02 Topera, Inc. Basket style cardiac mapping catheter having spline bends for detection of cardiac rhythm disorders
WO2012170258A1 (en) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-13 Curtis Guy P System and method for transvascular activation of cardiac nerves with automatic restart
US11338144B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-05-24 Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research Current sensing multiple output current stimulators
US11722007B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2023-08-08 The Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Rsrch Microprocessor controlled class E driver
US10971950B2 (en) 2013-07-29 2021-04-06 The Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research Microprocessor controlled class E driver
US11116985B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2021-09-14 Axonics, Inc. Clinician programmer for use with an implantable neurostimulation lead
US11213675B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-01-04 Axonics, Inc. Implantable lead affixation structure for nerve stimulation to alleviate bladder dysfunction and other indication
US11730411B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2023-08-22 Axonics, Inc. Methods for determining neurostimulation electrode configurations based on neural localization
US11497916B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-11-15 Axonics, Inc. Electromyographic lead positioning and stimulation titration in a nerve stimulation system for treatment of overactive bladder
US11389659B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2022-07-19 Axonics, Inc. External pulse generator device and associated methods for trial nerve stimulation
US11478648B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2022-10-25 Axonics, Inc. Antenna and methods of use for an implantable nerve stimulator
US11123569B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2021-09-21 Axonics, Inc. Patient remote and associated methods of use with a nerve stimulation system
US11484723B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2022-11-01 Axonics, Inc. Attachment devices and associated methods of use with a nerve stimulation charging device
US11766568B2 (en) 2015-07-10 2023-09-26 Axonics, Inc. Implantable nerve stimulator having internal electronics without ASIC and methods of use
US10850104B2 (en) 2015-07-10 2020-12-01 Axonics Modulation Technologies, Inc. Implantable nerve stimulator having internal electronics without ASIC and methods of use
US11083903B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2021-08-10 Axonics, Inc. Methods and systems for frequency adjustment to optimize charging of implantable neurostimulator
US11602638B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2023-03-14 Axonics, Inc. Methods and systems for frequency adjustment to optimize charging of implantable neurostimulator
US12083349B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2024-09-10 Axonics, Inc. Methods and systems for frequency adjustment to optimize charging of implantable neurostimulator
US11260236B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2022-03-01 Axonics, Inc. External pulse generator device and affixation device for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US12226643B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2025-02-18 Axonics, Inc. External pulse generator device and affixation device for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US11511122B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2022-11-29 Axonics, Inc. Neurostimulation leads for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US11110283B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2021-09-07 Axonics, Inc. Neurostimulation leads for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US12042662B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2024-07-23 Axonics, Inc. Neurostimulation leads for trial nerve stimulation and methods of use
US11642537B2 (en) 2019-03-11 2023-05-09 Axonics, Inc. Charging device with off-center coil
US11439829B2 (en) 2019-05-24 2022-09-13 Axonics, Inc. Clinician programmer methods and systems for maintaining target operating temperatures
US11848090B2 (en) 2019-05-24 2023-12-19 Axonics, Inc. Trainer for a neurostimulator programmer and associated methods of use with a neurostimulation system

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3825015A (en) Single catheter for atrial and ventricular stimulation
US3253595A (en) Cardiac pacer electrode system
US4355646A (en) Transvenous defibrillating lead
US3057356A (en) Medical cardiac pacemaker
US4236525A (en) Multiple function lead assembly
EP2204217B1 (en) Method and apparatus for shielding against MRI disturbances
JP5671069B2 (en) Lead and implantable medical device comprising a conductor configured for reduction of MRI induced current
CN106029166B (en) For detecting the equipment lost and captured
US20110034983A1 (en) Implantable medical device lead incorporating a conductive sheath surrounding insulated coils to reduce lead heating during mri
US8019420B2 (en) Medical lead connector systems with adapters
US3367339A (en) Implantable nerve stimulating electrode and lead
CA2892996C (en) Extracorporeal unit for inspecting the insulation of an electrical wire of an implanted medical device
CN105492069A (en) Leadless pacemaker with improved conducted communication
JPH08506263A (en) Pacing and defibrillation leads with sensing capabilities
CN101505824A (en) Electrode system with shunt electrode
NL8801352A (en) CARDIOVERVERING TRANSVENEUS CATHETER / STICK ELECTRODESYSTEM, AND A METHOD FOR USE THEREOF.
EP0621054B1 (en) Electrode device
CN104334231A (en) Identifying lead insulation breaches and externalization of lead conductors
EP0024913A1 (en) Electrodes for cardiac pacemakers
Escher Types of pacemakers and their complications
EP3685881A1 (en) Integrated switching circuit and pulse generator in a neurostimulator lead
JP5793575B2 (en) adapter
GB2116047A (en) Catheter
US4026302A (en) Method of implanting a permanent pacemaker bipolar lead apparatus and an implantable permanent pacemaker bipolar lead apparatus
USRE27569E (en) Cardiac electrode catheter and heart stimulation method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: COOK PACEMAKER CORPORATION, P.O. BOX 99, BLOOMINGT

Free format text: LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:003852/0285

Effective date: 19810327

Owner name: COOK PACEMAKER CORPORATION, INDIANA

Free format text: LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:ATLANTIC RICHFIELD COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:003852/0285

Effective date: 19810327

AS Assignment

Owner name: TELECTRONICS PTY. LIMITED

Free format text: CONFIRMS THE GRANTING OF LICENSE AGREEMENT DATED JULY 1, 1973 SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS IN AGREEMENT DATED JANUARY 16, 1984;ASSIGNOR:HONEYWELL MEDICAL ELECTRONICS B.V.;REEL/FRAME:004436/0297

Effective date: 19850306