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US3816062A - Burner heads of liquefied fuel gas lighters - Google Patents

Burner heads of liquefied fuel gas lighters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3816062A
US3816062A US00292315A US29231572A US3816062A US 3816062 A US3816062 A US 3816062A US 00292315 A US00292315 A US 00292315A US 29231572 A US29231572 A US 29231572A US 3816062 A US3816062 A US 3816062A
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gas
nozzle
flame
air
nozzles
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US00292315A
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D Bouvier
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PONT S SOC DU
SOC DU PONT S FR
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PONT S SOC DU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q2/00—Lighters containing fuel, e.g. for cigarettes
    • F23Q2/16—Lighters with gaseous fuel, e.g. the gas being stored in liquid phase
    • F23Q2/173—Valves therefor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In a lighter fueled by liquified gas there is less danger of injury or damage to property when the flame is visible. lf the gas is mixed with a relatively large amount of air the flame, though stable in air currents, is blue and invisible or almost so, whereas if there is little or no air mixed with the gas the flame is a visible yellow but relatively unstable.
  • a burner is formed with two concentric upright tubes the outer of which surrounds a gas nozzle from the gas reservoir and the inner of which is coaxial with the nozzle but located a little thereabove.
  • Air admitting apertures are provided at the lower end of the outer tube. Gas from the nozzle through the central tube mixes with little or no air and gives a central yellow flame, whilst gas passing between the tubes mixes with the air to give a blue flame surrounding and protecting the yellow flame.
  • Gas lighters comprise a fluid-tight reservoir for the liquified fuel gas, a supply channel connecting said reservoir to a burner head, provided with a closure member, by the intermediary of a pressure-reducer and a lighting mechanism in the vicinity whereof said burner head opens.
  • thepressure reducer is constituted by a compressibleporouspellet disposed in the vicinity of the lower end of the burner, between a stationary member and an adjustable moving member.
  • the porous pellet issupplied with liquid fuel from the reservoir and this fuel evaporates when the closure member is opened, and it is the gas, produced in this way, which is ignited.
  • the actuation of the moving member makes itpossible to adjust the height of the flame.
  • the pellet fullfilsthe function of anevaporator and also, with thecapillary channel or channels passing through the burner contributes to limiting the supply of gas whilereducing its rate of flow.
  • the diffusion flame has a serious drawback. it is very sensitive to air currents due to thefact that it is only stabilized at a single point, a point which is moreover cold.
  • Various arrangements have been suggested to remedy this drawback, i.e., enclosing the flame, providing a coaxial rod inthe boreof the burner, etc. None are completely satisfactory.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a burner head by the use of which the stability of the luminous flame is obtained by protecting it by a ring. formed by one or more blueflames i.e. formed by one or more flames resulting from a premixing of gas and air.
  • the ambient air penetrates through the base of the head, it is partially forced outwardstby thegas jet being-discharged from theinjection channel and the gas which penetratesthe center nozzle contains littleair whereas that which penetrates the outer nozzle contains much air.
  • a central diffusion flame is thus obtained, which is surrounded by a ring of blue flame resulting from premixing. Thisring isnot very sensitive to air currents: it is well stabilized-- and instantaneously relights the central flame when the latter is extinguished.
  • the outer" nozzle may be radially partitioned, and to this effect its upper aperture may be partially closed by an annular washer provided with regularly or irregularly distributed perforations such that the blue ring is split into a plurality of individual flames, likewise, this outer nozzle may be stream-lined.
  • the outer nozzle passes beyond the center nozzle so as to form a flame-guard ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic section showing the arrangement of the burnerhead according to the invention with respect to the. injection channel, and
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the burner head according to a modification.
  • a gas lighter which comprises a body 1 which has, at its upper part, a recess 2 communicatinglwith a fuel reserve (not shown)'by a supply channel 3,
  • the recess 2 has an inner screwthreadingand acts as a housing-for a movable member 4 which is screwed into thehousing.
  • a compressible porous pellet 5 is interposed between the base of the housing2 and the base of the. member 4.
  • An injection channel 6 passes axially throughout the moving length of member 4.
  • a burner head 7 is mounted on body 1 and is constituted by two concentric nozzles 8and9, the outer nozzle 9 being. connected to center. nozzle 8 by crosspieces 10 and to thebody of the lighter by a collar 11.
  • the collar 11 is provided with perforations l2.clistributedover its entire:periphery.
  • the injection channel 6, the center nozzle 8' and consequently the whole arrangement of the burner head are coaxial, the collar 11 covering the upper end of thepart 4emerging from the housing. 2.
  • the ambient air penetrates inside the burner head through the perforations 12, in the direction of the arrows indicated-inFlG. 1.
  • the gas supplied by the injection channel tends to force the air'back towards the periphery and, hence a mixture containing, little air enters the center nozzle 8, which mixture, which on lighting, results in a yellow diffusion flame 13'.
  • the gas supply increases, a portion ofthisgas enters the outer nozzle 9 while carryingalonga relatively large proportion of air and thus forming a mixture containing much air which results in a blue flame 14;
  • This blue flame 14 forms a ringaround the yellow flame 13.
  • the blue flame is much less sensitive to wind them the yellow flame and, in addition, it is stabilized over a greater surface: thus it resists air currents and relights the flame 13 each time it is necessary.
  • the upper edge 9a of the outer nozzle 9 extends beyond that of the center nozzle 8 so as to constitute a flame guard which increases the stability of the flame.
  • the general shape of the burner head and particularly that of the outer nozzle may notably vary.
  • the outer nozzle may be radially partioned, as shown in FIG. 2 where there is shown a head comprising a center nozzle 15, an outer nozzle 16 and collar 17 provided with perforations 18.
  • the centre nozzle is connected to the outer nozzle by a plurality of radial partitions 19 which split the blue flame into a plurality of individual flames at their base. These flames join at a level which increases in height as the partitions 19 increase in thickness.
  • the two nozzles may even be made integral by a circular ring connecting their upper edges and comprising a plurality of perforations.
  • the yellow flame is then surrounded by a plurality of blue flames which are more or less adjacent.
  • a burner head for a liquified fuel gas lighter com prising an injection channel for supply of gas to be burned, two concentric spaced nozzles mounted coaxially with said injection channel and having upper and lower edges, one nozzle being a center nozzle, the other an outer nozzle, said injection channel opening at a short distance from the lower edge of the center nozzle, said outer nozzle including a collar having air inlets for supply of ambient air to the nozzles, the upper edge of the outer nozzle being substantially at the same level as the upper edge of the center nozzle whereby there is fonned between the inner and outer nozzles a passageway for air and gas said injection channel and nozzles constituting a means for feeding a first part of the gas into the central nozzle and a second part into the outer nozzle to produce a stabilized blue flame at the outlet of said passage whereas at the center nozzle there is produced a visible yellow flame from a gas-enriched gas-air mixture.
  • a burner head according to claim 1 comprising partitions interconnecting said two nozzles, said partitions extending radially into the space separating said nozzles.
  • a burner head according to claim 1 comprising means at the outlet of the outer nozzle having a plurality of openings and forming a rigid connection between the two nozzles 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

In a lighter fueled by liquified gas there is less danger of injury or damage to property when the flame is visible. If the gas is mixed with a relatively large amount of air the flame, though stable in air currents, is blue and invisible or almost so, whereas if there is little or no air mixed with the gas the flame is a visible yellow but relatively unstable. In a lighter formed according to the invention a burner is formed with two concentric upright tubes the outer of which surrounds a gas nozzle from the gas reservoir and the inner of which is coaxial with the nozzle but located a little thereabove. Air admitting apertures are provided at the lower end of the outer tube. Gas from the nozzle through the central tube mixes with little or no air and gives a central yellow flame, whilst gas passing between the tubes mixes with the air to give a blue flame surrounding and protecting the yellow flame.

Description

United States Patent [191 Bouvier BURNER HEADS OF LIQUEFIED FUEL GAS LIGHTERS [75] Inventor: Daniel Bouvier, Paris, France 73] Assignee: Societe SIT. DuPont, Paris, France [22] Filed: Sept. 26, 1972 [2]] Appl. No.: 292,315
Primary ExaminerCarroll B. Dority, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or FirmEric l-l. Waters June 11, 1974 [5 7] ABSTRACT In a lighter fueled by liquified gas there is less danger of injury or damage to property when the flame is visible. lf the gas is mixed with a relatively large amount of air the flame, though stable in air currents, is blue and invisible or almost so, whereas if there is little or no air mixed with the gas the flame is a visible yellow but relatively unstable. In a lighter formed according to the invention a burner is formed with two concentric upright tubes the outer of which surrounds a gas nozzle from the gas reservoir and the inner of which is coaxial with the nozzle but located a little thereabove. Air admitting apertures are provided at the lower end of the outer tube. Gas from the nozzle through the central tube mixes with little or no air and gives a central yellow flame, whilst gas passing between the tubes mixes with the air to give a blue flame surrounding and protecting the yellow flame.
4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures BURNER HEADS OF LIQUEFIED FUEL GAS LIGHTERS The invention relates toburner heads of liquified fuel gas lighters.
Gas lighters comprise a fluid-tight reservoir for the liquified fuel gas, a supply channel connecting said reservoir to a burner head, provided witha closure member, by the intermediary of a pressure-reducer and a lighting mechanism in the vicinity whereof said burner head opens. Generally, thepressure reducer is constituted by a compressibleporouspellet disposed in the vicinity of the lower end of the burner, between a stationary member and an adjustable moving member. The porous pellet issupplied with liquid fuel from the reservoir and this fuel evaporates when the closure member is opened, and it is the gas, produced in this way, which is ignited. The actuation of the moving member makes itpossible to adjust the height of the flame. Thus, the pellet fullfilsthe function of anevaporator and also, with thecapillary channel or channels passing through the burner, contributes to limiting the supply of gas whilereducing its rate of flow.
It is desired to obtain from such a lighter a so-called diffusion flame, which is made luminous by the carbon particles which are consumed therein. This luminous flame is desired for two reasons: familiarityof the users with a yellow flame and the safety problems which could resultwith a barely visible blue flame.
To obtain a luminous flame, it is sufficient that it contains little combustive air. Therefore, it is sufficient to prevent any air from enteringthe circuitbetween' the pressure reducer and the aperture of the burner, and to discharge the gas through'thisaperture, the diameterof which is of the order of amillimetre, at a pressure which is sufficiently lowto have a restricted jet. This technique is well known and. is appliedin all conventional gas lighters.
However, the diffusion flame has a serious drawback. it is very sensitive to air currents due to thefact that it is only stabilized at a single point, a point which is moreover cold. Various arrangements have been suggested to remedy this drawback, i.e., enclosing the flame, providing a coaxial rod inthe boreof the burner, etc. None are completely satisfactory.
An object of the invention is to provide a burner head by the use of which the stability of the luminous flame is obtained by protecting it by a ring. formed by one or more blueflames i.e. formed by one or more flames resulting from a premixing of gas and air.
According to the: invention, there is provided a burner head for aliquified gas lighterwherein the so called injection channel, which surmountsthe pressure reducer, opens a short distance from the base of the head comprised by two concentric nozzles, the center nozzle and said injection channelbeing coaxial and having a diameter'of the same order of magnitude.
With such' an arrangement, the ambient air penetrates through the base of the head, it is partially forced outwardstby thegas jet being-discharged from theinjection channel and the gas which penetratesthe center nozzle contains littleair whereas that which penetrates the outer nozzle contains much air. At the upper end of the head, a central diffusion flame is thus obtained, which is surrounded by a ring of blue flame resulting from premixing. Thisring isnot very sensitive to air currents: it is well stabilized-- and instantaneously relights the central flame when the latter is extinguished.
Naturally, the outer" nozzle may be radially partitioned, and to this effect its upper aperture may be partially closed by an annular washer provided with regularly or irregularly distributed perforations such that the blue ring is split into a plurality of individual flames, likewise, this outer nozzle may be stream-lined.
Advantageously, on the side of the burner aperture, the outer nozzle passes beyond the center nozzle so as to form a flame-guard ring.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings showing two embodiments of the. invention, by way of example.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic section showing the arrangement of the burnerhead according to the invention with respect to the. injection channel, and
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the burner head according to a modification.
In FIG. lthereis illustrated, a gas lighter which comprises a body 1 which has, at its upper part, a recess 2 communicatinglwith a fuel reserve (not shown)'by a supply channel 3, The recess 2 has an inner screwthreadingand acts as a housing-for a movable member 4 which is screwed into thehousing. A compressible porous pellet 5 is interposed between the base of the housing2 and the base of the. member 4. An injection channel 6 passes axially throughout the moving length of member 4.
All these arrangements are known, the. gas supply being regulated by more or less compressing the pellet 5 by screwing (or unscrewing.) the member 4. A closure member, not shown, makes it possible to stop the gas supply at will.
A burner head 7 is mounted on body 1 and is constituted by two concentric nozzles 8and9, the outer nozzle 9 being. connected to center. nozzle 8 by crosspieces 10 and to thebody of the lighter by a collar 11. The collar 11 is provided with perforations l2.clistributedover its entire:periphery. The injection channel 6, the center nozzle 8' and consequently the whole arrangement of the burner head are coaxial, the collar 11 covering the upper end of thepart 4emerging from the housing. 2.
Thus, the ambient air. penetrates inside the burner head through the perforations 12, in the direction of the arrows indicated-inFlG. 1. When the closure member is open, the gas supplied by the injection channel tends to force the air'back towards the periphery and, hence a mixture containing, little air enters the center nozzle 8, which mixture, which on lighting, results in a yellow diffusion flame 13'. When the gas supply increases, a portion ofthisgas enters the outer nozzle 9 while carryingalonga relatively large proportion of air and thus forming a mixture containing much air which results in a blue flame 14;
This blue flame 14 forms a ringaround the yellow flame 13. By its nature, the blue flame is much less sensitive to wind them the yellow flame and, in addition, it is stabilized over a greater surface: thus it resists air currents and relights the flame 13 each time it is necessary.
Thus the whole flame is completely visible due to the yellow flame l3" and-is not extinguished due to the blue flame l4.
Preferably the upper edge 9a of the outer nozzle 9 extends beyond that of the center nozzle 8 so as to constitute a flame guard which increases the stability of the flame.
Naturally, the general shape of the burner head and particularly that of the outer nozzle may notably vary. Likewise, the outer nozzle may be radially partioned, as shown in FIG. 2 where there is shown a head comprising a center nozzle 15, an outer nozzle 16 and collar 17 provided with perforations 18. Here, the centre nozzle is connected to the outer nozzle by a plurality of radial partitions 19 which split the blue flame into a plurality of individual flames at their base. These flames join at a level which increases in height as the partitions 19 increase in thickness.
The two nozzles may even be made integral by a circular ring connecting their upper edges and comprising a plurality of perforations. The yellow flame is then surrounded by a plurality of blue flames which are more or less adjacent.
What is claimed is:
l. A burner head for a liquified fuel gas lighter, com prising an injection channel for supply of gas to be burned, two concentric spaced nozzles mounted coaxially with said injection channel and having upper and lower edges, one nozzle being a center nozzle, the other an outer nozzle, said injection channel opening at a short distance from the lower edge of the center nozzle, said outer nozzle including a collar having air inlets for supply of ambient air to the nozzles, the upper edge of the outer nozzle being substantially at the same level as the upper edge of the center nozzle whereby there is fonned between the inner and outer nozzles a passageway for air and gas said injection channel and nozzles constituting a means for feeding a first part of the gas into the central nozzle and a second part into the outer nozzle to produce a stabilized blue flame at the outlet of said passage whereas at the center nozzle there is produced a visible yellow flame from a gas-enriched gas-air mixture.
2. A burner head according to claim 1 comprising partitions interconnecting said two nozzles, said partitions extending radially into the space separating said nozzles.
3. A burner head according to claim 1 comprising means at the outlet of the outer nozzle having a plurality of openings and forming a rigid connection between the two nozzles 4. A burner head according to claim 1 wherein said upper edge of the outer nozzle extends slightly beyond the upper edge of the center nozzle.

Claims (4)

1. A burner head for a liquified fuel gas lighter, comprising an injection channel for supply of gas to be burned, two concentric spaced nozzles mounted coaxially with said injection channel and having upper and lower edges, one nozzle being a center nozzle, the other an outer nozzle, said injection channel opening at a short distance from the lower edge of the center nozzle, said outer nozzle including a collar having air inlets for supply of ambient air to the nozzles, the upper edge of the outer nozzle being substantially at the same level as the upper edge of the center nozzle whereby there is formed between the inner and outer nozzles a passageway for air and gas said injection channel and nozzles constituting a means for feeding a first part of the gas into the central nozzle and a second part into the outer nozzle to produce a stabilized blue flame at the outlet of said passage whereas at the center nozzle there is produced a visible yellow flame from a gas-enriched gas-air mixture.
2. A burner head according to claim 1 comprising partitions interconnecting said two nozzles, said partitions extending radially into the space separating said nozzles.
3. A burner head according to claim 1 comprising means at the outlet of the outer nozzle having a plurality of openings and forming a rigid connection between the two nozzles.
4. A burner head according to claim 1 wherein said upper edge of the outer nozzle extends slightly beyond the upper edge of the center nozzle.
US00292315A 1972-09-26 1972-09-26 Burner heads of liquefied fuel gas lighters Expired - Lifetime US3816062A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4179262A (en) * 1976-10-07 1979-12-18 Gantevoort Heinz L Gas-heating appliance
US4472135A (en) * 1982-02-23 1984-09-18 Raychem Corporation Flame coloring device
DE3511927A1 (en) * 1985-04-01 1986-10-09 Perkin-Elmer-Metco GmbH, 6234 Hattersheim GAS MIXER
EP0284701A1 (en) * 1987-04-03 1988-10-05 Ln Industries S.A. Gas burner
US5108284A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-28 Emerson Electric Co. Gas burner and method for tuning same
US5163830A (en) * 1991-08-29 1992-11-17 Greene Manufacturing Company Fuel-air mixer tube
US20100279236A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2010-11-04 Burn Booster Oy Device for intensifying a flame
US20120178030A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-07-12 Alstom Technology Ltd System and method for reducing emissions from a boiler

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1105804A (en) * 1914-08-04 Robert W Lawton Hydrocarbon-burner.
US1991418A (en) * 1932-03-14 1935-02-19 Standard Oil Co Burner
US2569514A (en) * 1946-10-29 1951-10-02 Smith Corp A O Single axial port gas burner with two-stage mixing
US2720257A (en) * 1952-04-16 1955-10-11 Lynes Roberts Kitchener Gas burning torches
US3514041A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-05-26 Denver Fireclay Co Inspirator burner

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1105804A (en) * 1914-08-04 Robert W Lawton Hydrocarbon-burner.
US1991418A (en) * 1932-03-14 1935-02-19 Standard Oil Co Burner
US2569514A (en) * 1946-10-29 1951-10-02 Smith Corp A O Single axial port gas burner with two-stage mixing
US2720257A (en) * 1952-04-16 1955-10-11 Lynes Roberts Kitchener Gas burning torches
US3514041A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-05-26 Denver Fireclay Co Inspirator burner

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4179262A (en) * 1976-10-07 1979-12-18 Gantevoort Heinz L Gas-heating appliance
US4472135A (en) * 1982-02-23 1984-09-18 Raychem Corporation Flame coloring device
DE3511927A1 (en) * 1985-04-01 1986-10-09 Perkin-Elmer-Metco GmbH, 6234 Hattersheim GAS MIXER
US4793712A (en) * 1985-04-01 1988-12-27 Perkin-Elmer-Metco Gmbh Gas mixer
EP0284701A1 (en) * 1987-04-03 1988-10-05 Ln Industries S.A. Gas burner
US5108284A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-04-28 Emerson Electric Co. Gas burner and method for tuning same
US5163830A (en) * 1991-08-29 1992-11-17 Greene Manufacturing Company Fuel-air mixer tube
US20100279236A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2010-11-04 Burn Booster Oy Device for intensifying a flame
US8277214B2 (en) * 2009-05-04 2012-10-02 Burn Booster Oy Device for intensifying a flame
US20120178030A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-07-12 Alstom Technology Ltd System and method for reducing emissions from a boiler
US10502415B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2019-12-10 General Electric Technology Gmbh System and method for reducing emissions from a boiler

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