US2344400A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

March 14, 1944. B. K. G. EHNBOM GAS BURNER Filed May 2, 1940 I INVE TOR.

I BY

Bo Karl George Elmbom, Stockholm, Sweden, as-

signor, by mesne assignments, to Servel, 1:10., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application May 2, 1940, Serial No. 332,928

In Germany June 20, 1939 3 Claims. (c1. 158-99) My invention relates to gas burners, and more especially to a gas burner suitable for burning comparatively small quantities of gas having a.

high hydrocarbon content. Inthe ordinary gas burner, such as a Bunsen burner, the gas issues,

froma jet which creates a suction effect capable of drawing in suflicient air to produce a combustible mixture within the tube of the burner. Such a device is suitable for burning gas having the ordinary hydrocarbon content, inasmuch as the suction efiect draws in sufilcient air to produce complete combustion. However, certain natural gases have such a high hydrocarbon con-- tent, and consequently require so much air for complete combustion, that the suction effect of the gas jet is not suflicient. This is particularly so when a comparatively small flame is desired, as for instance in a domestic gas heated absorption refrigerating apparatus.

In accordance with my invention I provide a gas burner suitable for producing complete combustion of comparatively small quantities of high hydrocarbon content gas. Further objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the following description, considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, which forms a part of this specification and of which the single figure is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment'of my invention.

Referring to the drawing, reference character in designates a gas supply conduit, the outlet of which is provided with a jet II. Secured to conduit Ill around jet II is an elongated member l2 having an enlarged lower portion l3 connected to or integral with a Venturi shaped\tube I4 hav-.

ing a throat l5 and a mixing chamber IS. The enlarged portion l3 is'iormed with one or more openings 24 communicating with the atmosphere.

The upper end of tube I4 is provided with exterior threads 35 for engagement with similar threads formed on a. collar 36, to which is secured the burner head 31. The head is preferably made of refractory material and includes a solid top wall 38 and a cylindrical side wall 39 formed with an internal shoulder 4B.

4| is provided with a plurality of comparatively long and narrow passages 44 which communicate with the interior of the burner head beyond the passage 43. Member 4| is also formed with one or more openings or ports 45 which communicate with the interior of the burner head between the upper end of tube 14 and the passage 43.

A skirt 46 is disposed around the primary air openings 24 in order to eliminate or minimize the effect ot-air currents.

The operation of the burner illustrated and described above is as follows:

Gas is discharged from the jet l I and resulting suction eflect draws primary air in through the openings 24. This gas and air mix in the primary mixing chamber l6 and flow into member 4|. From here the mixture passes partly through the openings 44 and partly through the openings 45 into the secondary air mixing chamber 23 within the burner head 31. The air and gas mixture passes from the chamber 23 through the openings 22, while at the same time secondary air enters the chamber 23 through these same openmgs. flows through the upper part of each opening and the secondary air enters through the lower part,

probably largely as aresult of eddy currents. The introduction of this secondary air supplies the necessary amount of oxygen required to produce complete combustion 01 a high hydrocarbon content gas. As shown in the drawing, the arrangement of the openings 22 is such that summon-shaped flame is produced, which is desirable for heating the generator or heat receiving part of a refri erating apparatus.

The annular passage 43, constitutes, in effect, a by-pass around the passages 44. Consequent- 1y, increasing the area of annular passage 43 decreases the resistance to flow from the primary air mixing chamber I6 to the secondaryair mixing chamber 23, thereby increasing the suction ef- A hollow member 4!, preferably of refractory providing anannular passage 43, the cross-sectional area of which may be varied by screwing the collar 36 up or downon the end oi. tube I2,-

thus increasing or decreasing respectively, the

area of the pa "sage. The upper end of-member material, is secured to the upper end of tube 14 fect produced by the jet ll. Thus, by adjusting the collar 36 on the tube l2 to vary the crosssectional area of the passage 43, the quantity of primary air may be regulated to obtain complete combustion with. gases having diflerent hydrocarbon content.

It will thus be seen that, in accordance with my invention, I have provided a very simple bumer suitable for burning small quantities oi. high hydrocarbon content gaseous fuels.

What is claimed:

1. A gas burner including structure forming a first mixing chamber, a nozzle projecting into said The air and gas mixture, being lighter,

chamber, the nozzle being provided with a ms- "sage terminating in a discharge orifice from which gas is discharged into said chamber, said structure having openings to permit flow of air into said chamber to mix with gas therein, a burner head mounted on said structure and forming th side and top walls of a second chamber,

' and a wall member separating said first and second chambers and having openings which are wall member, and said structure having ports providing communication for said first chamber with said annular passage adjacent said wall member so that the gas mixture may flow to the second, chamber from the first chamber both through said openings in the wall member and also through said ports and said annular passage, and-said burner head having openings therein for admitting secondary air into said second chamber to increase the proportion of air in the gas mixture therein and for discharging the gas mixture therefrom, the burner head being formed of refractory material and having the outer surface thereof serving as the region where the burner flame is produced and maintained.

i. A gas burner as set forth in claim 1 in which said burner head is movable with respect to said structure-,- and said head and said structure are so formed and arran ed that movement of said head causes a variation in a cross-sectional area 'of said annular space,

3. A gas burner including structure forming a first mixing chamber having gas and air inlets, said structure including a wall member having openings therethrough for permitting flow of the mixture of gas and air from said first chamber, a burner head secured to said structure and providing the side and top walls of a second mixing chamber which receives the mixture of air and gas from said first chamber through the openings in said wall member, the openings in said wall member being materially greater in length than in diameter, said wall member having one or more ports for the "mixture of air and gas from said first chamber to said second chamber without passing through the openings in said wall member, said head having flame ports in said side wall, and

said top wall being imperforate to baille flow of combustible mixture in the line openings in said wall member.

KARL GEORGE EHINBOM.

of theaxis of the to provide a path of flow.

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