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US3797413A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Incinerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3797413A
US3797413A US00353427A US3797413DA US3797413A US 3797413 A US3797413 A US 3797413A US 00353427 A US00353427 A US 00353427A US 3797413D A US3797413D A US 3797413DA US 3797413 A US3797413 A US 3797413A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
chamber
flue pipe
incinerator
cooling gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00353427A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Ali
O Doherty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3797413A publication Critical patent/US3797413A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators

Definitions

  • the incinerator combustion chamber includes an exhaust flue port passing through one end wall to exhaust combustion gases, comprising a flue pipe extending substantially coaxially with the chambers longitudinal axis.
  • the flue pipe is provided with a surrounding annular plenum chamber supplied with cooling gas which is discharged from the plenum chamber and flows over the surface of the section of the flue pipe within the combustion chamber.
  • flue gas cleaning apparatus includes means for conducting the gaseous product of combustion through water sprays so that the suspended ashes and other particulate matter are entrained in the water which is then collected and conveyed to a suitable classification system.
  • This type of flue gas cleaning apparatus is expensive and complex and contributes not only to the high costs and massive structure of prior art incinerators, but also to water pollution. Further, the temperatures within the chamber necessary to effect good combus tion may result in hot flue gases which may cause inefficient operation of the flue gas cleaning apparatus and resulting undesirable pollution of the surrounding atmosphere. The provision of flue gas cleaning apparatus thus imposes a limitation upon the temperature within the combustion chamber which contributes to the poor combustion realized by certain prior art designs.
  • an incinerator which includes a combustion chamber having spaced end walls and a side wall with its central longitudinal axis extending between the end walls.
  • the chamber is generally cylindrical in configuration and is preferably disposed in operative position with the central longitudinal axis extending horizontally or substantially horizontally.
  • Inlet means are provided for introducing waste material and air for combustion into the combustion chamber for establishing a vortical movement of the waste material toward one of the end walls while being incinerated, and exhaust flue means are provided for expelling gaseous combustion products from the chamber.
  • Means are provided for igniting the waste material during its vertical movement along the combustion chamber.
  • the exhaust flue means comprising a'flue pipe passing through an end wall of the combustion chamber and extending into said combustion chamber, is pro vided with an annular plenum chamber surrounding an intermediate portion thereof which is supplied with cooling gas.
  • the plenum chamber is provided with at least one cooling gas discharge orifice which is arranged to direct the flow of discharged cooling gas over the surface of the portion of the flue pipe exposed to the interior of the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator system of this invention with a portion shown in elevation;
  • FIG. 2 is a view in section taken along the line 22 of FIG. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;
  • FIG. 3 is a view in section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section of a modified embodiment a DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • an incinerator unit embodying the present invention and comprising a generally cylindrical combustion chamber, inlet means for feeding waste material and air into the combustion chamber for establishing a vertical movement of the waste material. as it moves through the combustion chamber towards the opposite end of the chamber and exhaust means at the opposite end of the chamber comprising a flue pipe for venting gaseous products of combustion.
  • the incinerator also includes means for igniting the waste material during its vortical movement along the combustion chamber.
  • the incinerator of the present invention is particularly suited for disposing of solid industrial and municipal waste material such as, for example, paper, peanut hulls, cardboard cartons, wood scraps, garbage, foilage, and combustible floor sweepings.
  • solid industrial and municipal waste material such as, for example, paper, peanut hulls, cardboard cartons, wood scraps, garbage, foilage, and combustible floor sweepings.
  • the incinerator is also capable of disposing of liquid waste material such as oils, paint sludges, and plating tank residue.
  • Solids should preferably be reduced in size by chopping or shredding in a suitable size reduction unit to pieces small enough to be efficiently conveyed to and burned in the combustion chamber. If the waste material to be disposed of is already of an acceptable size, such as sawdust, the size reduction is not required.
  • the combustion chamber of the incinerator unit may be of any suitable configuration and is preferably cylindrical including a pair of spaced end walls 12 and 14 connected by an annular side wall 16.
  • the chamber 10 is preferably disposed when in operative position so that its central longitudinal axis which extends between the end walls 12 and 14 is horizontal or substantially horizontal as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the annular side wall 16 of the chamber comprises an outer casing 18 formed of a suitable material such as low carbon steel and the casing is lined with a refractory material 20 such as one or more layers of fire brick.
  • the end walls 12 and 14 of chamber 10 may be similarly constructed of an outer casing 18 lined with a refractory material 20 such as fire brick.
  • the waste material inlet conduit 22 enters the combustion chamber 10 tangentially of the annular side wall 16 at a location preferably near the top of the chamber 10 and adjacent the end wall 12.
  • a flue pipe 24 passes through a flue port 26 in chamber end wall 14 and extends into combustion chamber 10 substantially coaxially with the chambers central longitudinal axis.
  • the open end or entry 28 of the flue pipe 24 communicating with the interior of the combustion chamber for the withdrawal therefrom of gaseous combustion products is positioned inwardly a substantial distance away from the combustion chamber end wall, and an annular baffle 30 extends radially outward from adjacent its end.
  • the opposite end of flue pipe 24 extends outwardly beyond the combustion chamber and communicates with a chimney or stack 32 to vent the gaseous products of combustion to the atmosphere.
  • any residual combustible material entrained in the stream of hot combustion gases flowing in a helical or vortical path along the inner surface of the chambers side wall is not directly expelled through the flue upon approaching end wall 14. Instead any entrained solid material tends to move from adjacent the end wall 14 in a reverse direction along the outer diameter of the inwardly extending flue pipe 24 towards its open end 28. Such movement increases the time of residence of solid material in the chamber 10 thus resulting in more complete combustion and a reduction in the amount of this material which may enter the flue pipe and escape to the atmosphere as compared to the amount otherwise entering the flue pipe 24 if its open end 28 were flush with the end wall 14.
  • Annular baffle 30 extending radially outward from adjacent the inner end of flue pipe 24 further reduces the amount of solid material entering flue pipe 24 by diverting any such solids outwardly toward the annular side wall of the combustion chamber and thus into the moving stream of combustion gases for further burning.
  • a fluid fueled combustion burner 34 such as one operated with gas or oil fuel, powdered coal or simply hot gases, is disposed near end wall 12 of the chamber, preferably directed to fire its flame jet into the combustion chamber tangentially to its annular side wall 16 and into the path of the waste material and air entering into the chamber through inlet conduit 22.
  • the combustion burner may be of any suitable design and comprise commercially available units, such as a MAXON burner, for example, an EB-3, EB-4, or EB-S, depending upon the size and capacity desired.
  • the burner can be turned off after heating the combustion chamber to effective ignition and burning temperatures whereupon the waste material and air thereafter sustain combustion.
  • Apt operating temperature for the combustion chamber comprise about l,200 F to about 2,200 F.
  • an annular plenum chamber 36 surrounds a portion of the flue pipe 24 in an area intermediate its length, for the circulation of a cooling fluid.
  • Plenum chamber 36 which may be constructed integral with the flue pipe 24, preferably extends at least the length of the section of the flue pipe which passes through combustion chamber wall 14, thereby straddling the chamber wall.
  • Plenum chamber 36 may also continue longitudinally along the section of the flue pipe extending from the chamber wall 14 to the stack 32, if desired, or if its length and the flue temperature conditions warrant. However, the plenum chamber 36 should be terminated back away from the open end 28 of the section of the flue pipe 24 project ing into the combustion chamber, and preferably at or adjacent to the inner surface of combustion chamber end wall 14, substantially as shown in FIG. 1.
  • Annular plenum chamber 36 is provided with at least one supply conduit 38 communicating with a source of cooling gas such as fan 40, or any available source of recycled air which is of suitable temperature.
  • a source of cooling gas such as fan 40, or any available source of recycled air which is of suitable temperature.
  • the cooling gas supply conduit(s) 38 enter the annular plenum chamber 36 in a tangential direction to effect a swirling movement of the cooling gas in a helical path around the outer surface of flue pipe 24, thereby achieving maximum uniform cooling over the adjacent surface of the flue pipe.
  • An optimum arrangement comprises a plurality of cooling gas supply pipes 38,38 symetrically arranged and tengentially entering annular plenum chamber 36 such as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Theannular plenum chamber 36 is also provided with at least one outlet orifice 42 in its enclosing structure facing the interior of the combustion chamber and adjacent to the outer surface of the portion of the flue pipe 24 extending beyond said surrounding plenum chamber into the combustion chamber.
  • the orifice is annular, comprising a slot extending completely around flue pipe 24 such as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the orifice 42 may comprise a multiplicity of openings such as ports 44, 44', 44" and 44" arranged in an annular pattern such as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the orifice, or orifices extending around the flue pipe provide for the discharge from the plenum chamber of the cooling gas so as to flow over the outer surface of the portion of the flue pipe extending into the combustion chamber from the surrounding plenum chamber.
  • the preferred swirling pattern of movement in the cooling gas it can be caused to thus exit from the orifice in the plenum chamber and sweep helically around the outer surface of the exposed inwardly extending portion of the flue pipe 24 cooling its mass and providing a blanketing barrier of cooling gas protecting its entire surface from the high temperatures of the furnace environment and impingement of circulating combustion gases and entrained solids.
  • the improved incineration construction of this in vention as described prevents overheating of the flue pipe and its accelerated deterioration due to overheating and abrasion.
  • the invention permits operating the incinerator at higher and often more efficient temperature levels without incurring damage or premature wear to the apparatus, and also extends the service life of the incinerator with a minimum of down time for re pairs or replacement.
  • a very efficient incinerator characterized by the exhaust of gases to the atmosphere which are substantially free of particulate matter so as to minimize air and water pollution resulting from the substantially complete combustion of all combustible waste material at the most efficient high temperature conditions.
  • An incinerator for burning waste material comprising in combination:
  • a combustion chamber having spaced end walls and a side wall with its central longitudinal axis extending between said end walls;
  • inlet means for introducing waste material and air into said chamber in a manner effective for providing a vortical movement of said waste material towards one of said end walls;
  • annular plenum chamber surrounding a portion of the flue pipe in an area intermediate its length and having at least one supply conduit communicating with a source of cooling gas entering into said plenum chamber, said annular plenum chamber being provided with at least one orifice adjacent to the surfaceof the flue pipe extending there from into the combustion chamber whereby cooling gas can discharge from the plenum chamber through said orifice and flow over the surface of the flue pipe.
  • annular V plenum chamber surrounds at least the portion of the flue pipe which passes through the combustion chamber end wall.
  • annular plenum chamber is provided with at least two cooling gas supply conduits entering said chamber in tangential directions to cause a swirling movement of the cooling gas around the surface of the flue pipe.
  • An incinerator for burning waste material comprising in combination:
  • a combustion chamber having spaced end walls and a side wall with its central longitudinal axis extending between said end walls;
  • inlet mans for introducing waste material and air into said chamber in a manner effective for providing a vortical movement of said waste material towards one of said end walls;
  • annular plenum chamber surrounding a length of the flue pipe in the area passing through the one end wall of the combustion chamber and having at least one supply conduit communicating with a source of cooling gas entering into said annular plenum chamber in a tangential direction to cause a swirling movement of the cooling gas around the surface of the flue pipe
  • said annular plenum chamber being provided with at least one orifice adjacent to the surface of the flue pipe extending therefrom into the combustion chamber and being directed to discharge cooling gas from said plenum chamber to flow over' the surface of the flue pipe extending therefrom into the interior of the combustion chamber in a swirling path.
  • annular plenum chamber surrounding a length of the flue pipe extends from outside the combustion chamber and through the end wall of the combustion chamber and terminates within the combustion chamber approximately adjacent to the inner surface of the end wall of said chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
US00353427A 1973-04-23 1973-04-23 Incinerator Expired - Lifetime US3797413A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35342773A 1973-04-23 1973-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3797413A true US3797413A (en) 1974-03-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00353427A Expired - Lifetime US3797413A (en) 1973-04-23 1973-04-23 Incinerator

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US (1) US3797413A (de)
JP (1) JPS5031680A (de)
DE (1) DE2419085A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2226623B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1462942A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038930A (en) * 1976-03-17 1977-08-02 Barkhuus Per W Furnace for incinerating refuse
WO1982003261A1 (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-30 Inc Trw Fuel combustor
US4469034A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-09-04 Volvo Flygmotor Ab Incineration of and energy recovery from relatively incombustible waste, especially rubber and plastic
US4612865A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-09-23 Rippelton N.V. Apparatus for the combustion of solid fuels
US4671192A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-06-09 Power Generating, Inc. Pressurized cyclonic combustion method and burner for particulate solid fuels
US5445087A (en) * 1992-04-17 1995-08-29 Kaneko; Masamoto Apparatus for incinerating waste material

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE7712262L (sv) * 1977-06-20 1978-12-21 Energy Products Of Idaho Anordning for forbrenning, pyrolys eller forgasning av avfall
JP5308237B2 (ja) * 2009-05-28 2013-10-09 金子農機株式会社 旋回燃焼装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3567399A (en) * 1968-06-03 1971-03-02 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Waste combustion afterburner
US3577940A (en) * 1969-10-27 1971-05-11 Gen Electric Incinerator
US3658017A (en) * 1971-01-04 1972-04-25 Gen Electric Incinerator
US3727563A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-04-17 Gen Electric Incinerator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3567399A (en) * 1968-06-03 1971-03-02 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Waste combustion afterburner
US3577940A (en) * 1969-10-27 1971-05-11 Gen Electric Incinerator
US3658017A (en) * 1971-01-04 1972-04-25 Gen Electric Incinerator
US3727563A (en) * 1971-07-02 1973-04-17 Gen Electric Incinerator

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4038930A (en) * 1976-03-17 1977-08-02 Barkhuus Per W Furnace for incinerating refuse
US4469034A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-09-04 Volvo Flygmotor Ab Incineration of and energy recovery from relatively incombustible waste, especially rubber and plastic
WO1982003261A1 (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-30 Inc Trw Fuel combustor
US4671192A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-06-09 Power Generating, Inc. Pressurized cyclonic combustion method and burner for particulate solid fuels
US4724780A (en) * 1984-06-29 1988-02-16 Power Generating, Inc. Pressurized cyclonic combustion method and burner for particulate solid fuels
US4612865A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-09-23 Rippelton N.V. Apparatus for the combustion of solid fuels
AU573367B2 (en) * 1984-07-26 1988-06-02 Rippelton N.V. Combustion of solid fuels
US5445087A (en) * 1992-04-17 1995-08-29 Kaneko; Masamoto Apparatus for incinerating waste material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2419085A1 (de) 1974-11-14
FR2226623B1 (de) 1979-02-16
JPS5031680A (de) 1975-03-28
GB1462942A (en) 1977-01-26
FR2226623A1 (de) 1974-11-15

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