US3664033A - Method and apparatus for drying organic materials - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for drying organic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3664033A US3664033A US62904A US3664033DA US3664033A US 3664033 A US3664033 A US 3664033A US 62904 A US62904 A US 62904A US 3664033D A US3664033D A US 3664033DA US 3664033 A US3664033 A US 3664033A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- casein
- drum
- drying
- additives
- substances
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 alkalis Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100264195 Caenorhabditis elegans app-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/90—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by drying or kilning; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B2/94—Thin-layer drying, drum drying or roller drying
- A23B2/945—Drum- or roller-drying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/01—Drying in thin layers
- A23C1/03—Drying in thin layers on drums or rollers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/20—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from milk, e.g. casein; from whey
- A23J1/22—Drying casein
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for drying a material at least mainly consisting of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, wherein there are optionally admixed with these substances additives such as alkalis, acids or enzymes, and the material is dried on a drum drier, and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
- casein dilute caustic soda solution having a high water content is admixed, as additive, with the casein (lactic acid casein) coming from the cheese factory.
- the casein is mixed with the additive and the mixture is then dried on a drum drier.
- This process has the disadvantage that relatively large quantities of water must be evaporated on the drum drier and that the drying does not yield an entirely uniform end product.
- the invention has for its object to reduce the quantity of water which must be evaporated from the drum drier in the drying of a material at least mainly consisting of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, and to obtain a more uniform end product.
- this object is achieved in accordance with the invention by virtue of the fact that the material is heated to a temperature at which its constituents are liquid, and is fed in this liquid state to the drying drum of the drum drier.
- the method is employed for drying casein, more especially lactic acid casein, with which additives such as caustic soda solution or sodium carbonate solution are admixed, and the mixture, i.e. the ratio of casein to additives, is made such that the pH-value of the material is between 6.7 and 7.0.
- the temperature at which the material then becomes liquid, at these pH-values, is between about 100 and 120 C.
- the illustrated apparatus comprises a heatable drying drum 1 which is preceded by a device 2 for mixing the substances to be dried and the additives.
- An applicator 3 serves to apply the material to the drying drum 1.
- the mixing device 2 comprises a supply duct 4 for the substances, i.e., the casein, and a supply duct 5 for the additives.
- a control device 6 is provided by means of which, with the aid of regulating devices not shown, (for example rotary valves or throttle valves), which are provided in the ducts 4 and 5, the quantities passing through the ducts 4 and 5 per unit time can be controlled.
- a motor 7 drives a mixing screw 8 in the mixing device 2.
- a scraper 9 is provided to detach the dried end product from the drying drum 1. The detached product is carried away on a conveyor belt 10.
- a heating device 11 Provided between the mixing device 2 and the applicator 3 is a heating device 11.
- the casein coming from the cheese factory and fed through the duct 4, and the additives fed through the duct 5, which are to be dried on the drying drum 1 of the drum drier after having been mixed in the mixing device 2, are thus heated in the heating device 11, before being applied to the drying drum 1, to a temperature at which the constituents of the material are liquid and the material is applied in this liquid state to the drying drum 1.
- the process of the invention has the further advantage that the material applied to the drying drum in the molten state is very uniformly distributed in the wet material and yields a correspondingly uniform end product.
- the more uniform quality of the end product ensures, for example, in the case of casein, better force of adhesion and better water-combining capacity at low and high temperatures.
- the heating device 11 is constructed as a device for the direct introduction of steam into the material, the substances or the additives.
- the mixture flows through a tube-like duct 12 which is constructed in the form of a noule.
- vapor-supply channels 13 are provided, which open into the duct 12 substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the latter.
- the steam is supplied to the channels 13 through a duct 14 and a jacket 15 surrounding the duct 12.
- a particularly thick layer of the molten material can be obtained on the drying drum 1 by the illustrated construction of the applicator 3 as a cylinder.
- a method for drying a material consisting at least mainly of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, using a drum drier, and characterized in that said material is heated to a temperature at which its constituents are liquid by the direct application of steam thereto; and the material in said liquid state is then applied to the drum of said drier.
- Apparatus for drying a material consisting at least mainly of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins comprising a heatable drying drum, an applicator arranged to apply the material to the drum, and means for feeding the material to the applicator, and characterized by a heating device incorporated in the feeding means and serving to raise the temperature of the material to a level at which its constituents are liquid, the device including means for directly introducing steam into the material.
- the feeding means includes a mixing device for admixing additives with said substances.
- said heating device comprises a tube-like duct for said material which has a widening cross-section; and supply channels for the steam which open substantially perpendicularly into the duct.
- Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which said applicator is a cylinder.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
In a method for drying a material at least mainly consisting of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, using a drum drier as to dry said material thereon, the improvement that said material is heated to a temperature at which its constituents are liquid, and is applied in said liquid state to the drying drum of said drum drier. Preferably, said material includes additives such as alkalis, acids or enzymes.
Description
llnited States Patent Fritze et a]. 5] May 23, 1972 [54] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR [56] References Cited DR G ORG C UNITED STATES PATENTS [72] Inventors g m zg x f 1,250,427 12/1917 Campbell ..34/12 x y 1,240,816 9/1917 Brownell [73] Assignee: Escher Wyss GmbH, Ravensburg,
Wurthemberg, Germany Primary Examiner-John J. Camby 22 Filed: Aug. 11, 1970 Osman [21] App1.No.: 62,904 ABSTRACT In a method for drying a material at least mainly consisting of [30] Foreign Application Priority Dat organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, using a drum drier as to dry said material thereon, the improvement Aug. 14, 1969 Germany ..P 19 41 425.6 that said material i heated to a temperature at which is com stituents are liquid, and is applied in said liquid state to the [52] US. Cl ..34/l2, 34/60 drying drum of Said drum drien P f bl i material [5 1] Int. Cl ..F26b 7/00 eludes additives Such as alkalis acids enzymes. [58] Field of Search ..34/12, 17, 60
11 Claims, 1 Drawing figure Patented May 23, 1972 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for drying a material at least mainly consisting of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, wherein there are optionally admixed with these substances additives such as alkalis, acids or enzymes, and the material is dried on a drum drier, and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
In a known process for drying casein, dilute caustic soda solution having a high water content is admixed, as additive, with the casein (lactic acid casein) coming from the cheese factory. The casein is mixed with the additive and the mixture is then dried on a drum drier. This process has the disadvantage that relatively large quantities of water must be evaporated on the drum drier and that the drying does not yield an entirely uniform end product.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention has for its object to reduce the quantity of water which must be evaporated from the drum drier in the drying of a material at least mainly consisting of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, and to obtain a more uniform end product. In the method described at the beginning, this object is achieved in accordance with the invention by virtue of the fact that the material is heated to a temperature at which its constituents are liquid, and is fed in this liquid state to the drying drum of the drum drier.
Advantageously, the method is employed for drying casein, more especially lactic acid casein, with which additives such as caustic soda solution or sodium carbonate solution are admixed, and the mixture, i.e. the ratio of casein to additives, is made such that the pH-value of the material is between 6.7 and 7.0. The temperature at which the material then becomes liquid, at these pH-values, is between about 100 and 120 C.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING An apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention is illustrated in simplified form in the drawing, with reference to which the process of the invention will be more particularly described by way of example as applied to casein.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The illustrated apparatus comprises a heatable drying drum 1 which is preceded by a device 2 for mixing the substances to be dried and the additives. An applicator 3 serves to apply the material to the drying drum 1. The mixing device 2 comprises a supply duct 4 for the substances, i.e., the casein, and a supply duct 5 for the additives. A control device 6 is provided by means of which, with the aid of regulating devices not shown, (for example rotary valves or throttle valves), which are provided in the ducts 4 and 5, the quantities passing through the ducts 4 and 5 per unit time can be controlled.
A motor 7 drives a mixing screw 8 in the mixing device 2. A scraper 9 is provided to detach the dried end product from the drying drum 1. The detached product is carried away on a conveyor belt 10.
Provided between the mixing device 2 and the applicator 3 is a heating device 11. The casein coming from the cheese factory and fed through the duct 4, and the additives fed through the duct 5, which are to be dried on the drying drum 1 of the drum drier after having been mixed in the mixing device 2, are thus heated in the heating device 11, before being applied to the drying drum 1, to a temperature at which the constituents of the material are liquid and the material is applied in this liquid state to the drying drum 1.
In this way, a good reaction of the substances is obtained by the conversion into the molten state before the material is applied to the drying drum 1. The drier merely has to perform the drying of a completely prepared wet material. Consequently, the water content of the wet material can be kept very low, and it IS merely necessary to evaporate out small quantities of water.
In addition to the better utilization of the heating surface of the drier and the better heat economy, the process of the invention has the further advantage that the material applied to the drying drum in the molten state is very uniformly distributed in the wet material and yields a correspondingly uniform end product. The more uniform quality of the end product ensures, for example, in the case of casein, better force of adhesion and better water-combining capacity at low and high temperatures.
The addition of chemicals is also easier with the molten substances, or with the molten mixture, and can be more readily controlled.
The heating device 11 is constructed as a device for the direct introduction of steam into the material, the substances or the additives. The mixture flows through a tube-like duct 12 which is constructed in the form of a noule. In that section of the nozzle-form duct 12 in which the cross-section widens, vapor-supply channels 13 are provided, which open into the duct 12 substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the latter. The steam is supplied to the channels 13 through a duct 14 and a jacket 15 surrounding the duct 12.
A particularly thick layer of the molten material can be obtained on the drying drum 1 by the illustrated construction of the applicator 3 as a cylinder.
We claim:
1. A method for drying a material, consisting at least mainly of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins, using a drum drier, and characterized in that said material is heated to a temperature at which its constituents are liquid by the direct application of steam thereto; and the material in said liquid state is then applied to the drum of said drier.
2. A method as defined in claim 1 in which said material includes additives such as alkalis, acids or enzymes.
3. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said material consists mainly of casein and contains, as an additive, a caustic soda solution.
4. A method as defined in claim 3 in which the casein is lactic acid casein.
5. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said material consists mainly of casein and contains, as an additive, a sodium carbonate solution.
6. A method as defined in claim 5 in which the casein is lactic acid casein.
7. A method as defined in claim 2 in which the ratio of said substances to said additives is such that the pH value of said material is between 6.7 and 7.0.
8. Apparatus for drying a material consisting at least mainly of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins comprising a heatable drying drum, an applicator arranged to apply the material to the drum, and means for feeding the material to the applicator, and characterized by a heating device incorporated in the feeding means and serving to raise the temperature of the material to a level at which its constituents are liquid, the device including means for directly introducing steam into the material.
9. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which the feeding means includes a mixing device for admixing additives with said substances.
10. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which said heating device comprises a tube-like duct for said material which has a widening cross-section; and supply channels for the steam which open substantially perpendicularly into the duct.
11. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which said applicator is a cylinder.
Claims (10)
- 2. A method as defined in claim 1 in which said material includes additives such as alkalis, acids or enzymes.
- 3. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said material consists mainly of casein and contains, as an additive, a caustic soda solution.
- 4. A method as defined in claim 3 in which the casein is lactic acid casein.
- 5. A method as defined in claim 2 in which said material consists mainly of casein and contains, as an additive, a sodium carbonate solution.
- 6. A method as defined in claim 5 in which the casein is lactic acid casein.
- 7. A method as defined in claim 2 in which the ratio of said substances to said additives is such that the pH value of said material is between 6.7 and 7.0.
- 8. Apparatus for drying a material consisting at least mainly of organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins comprising a heatable drying drum, an applicator arranged to apply the material to the drum, and means for feeding the material to the applicator, and characterized by a heating device incorporated in the feeding means and serving to raise the temperature of the material to a level at which its constituents are liquid, the device including means for directly introducing steam into the material.
- 9. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which the feeding means includes a mixing device for admixing additives with said substances.
- 10. Apparatus as defined in cLaim 8 in which said heating device comprises a tube-like duct for said material which has a widening cross-section; and supply channels for the steam which open substantially perpendicularly into the duct.
- 11. Apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which said applicator is a cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1941425A DE1941425B2 (en) | 1969-08-14 | 1969-08-14 | Process for drying organic substances such as carbohydrates and proteins with a drying roller and apparatus for carrying out the process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3664033A true US3664033A (en) | 1972-05-23 |
Family
ID=5742820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62904A Expired - Lifetime US3664033A (en) | 1969-08-14 | 1970-08-11 | Method and apparatus for drying organic materials |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3664033A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT314479B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH559343A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1941425B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2057951A5 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7012010A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3894344A (en) * | 1974-01-22 | 1975-07-15 | Dravo Corp | Method and apparatus for drying materials in fixed beds |
| US4067119A (en) * | 1976-10-20 | 1978-01-10 | Glen Overton | Method of drying blood |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1240816A (en) * | 1917-02-20 | 1917-09-25 | Arthur N Hood | Method of drying casein. |
| US1250427A (en) * | 1913-12-29 | 1917-12-18 | Borden S Condensed Milk Company | Drying milk. |
-
1969
- 1969-08-14 DE DE1941425A patent/DE1941425B2/en active Pending
-
1970
- 1970-06-15 CH CH897670A patent/CH559343A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-08-05 AT AT711170A patent/AT314479B/en active
- 1970-08-11 US US62904A patent/US3664033A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-08-12 FR FR7029638A patent/FR2057951A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-08-14 NL NL7012010A patent/NL7012010A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1250427A (en) * | 1913-12-29 | 1917-12-18 | Borden S Condensed Milk Company | Drying milk. |
| US1240816A (en) * | 1917-02-20 | 1917-09-25 | Arthur N Hood | Method of drying casein. |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3894344A (en) * | 1974-01-22 | 1975-07-15 | Dravo Corp | Method and apparatus for drying materials in fixed beds |
| US4067119A (en) * | 1976-10-20 | 1978-01-10 | Glen Overton | Method of drying blood |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2057951A5 (en) | 1971-05-21 |
| DE1941425B2 (en) | 1975-08-14 |
| AT314479B (en) | 1974-04-10 |
| DE1941425A1 (en) | 1971-03-04 |
| CH559343A5 (en) | 1975-02-28 |
| NL7012010A (en) | 1971-02-16 |
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