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US3648801A - Sound radiator - Google Patents

Sound radiator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3648801A
US3648801A US13886A US3648801DA US3648801A US 3648801 A US3648801 A US 3648801A US 13886 A US13886 A US 13886A US 3648801D A US3648801D A US 3648801DA US 3648801 A US3648801 A US 3648801A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sound
radiator
panel
loudspeakers
radiators
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US13886A
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English (en)
Inventor
Denes Huszty
Andras Illenyi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektroakusztikai Gyar
Original Assignee
Elektroakusztikai Gyar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elektroakusztikai Gyar filed Critical Elektroakusztikai Gyar
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Publication of US3648801A publication Critical patent/US3648801A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A series of at least three loud speakers is set one in each of at least three walls forming alternately oppositely opening dihedral angles with each other.
  • the center-to-center distance between the loud speakers is less than 10 times the wavelength of the upper limiting frequency of the sound frequency band.
  • the loud speakers are excited by the same signal source, and a stronger interference field is produced than if the sound emanated from a planar or spherical surface.
  • PATENTEDHAR 14 I972 3 648 801 sum GBUF 17 PATENTEDMAR 14 I972 3,648,801
  • the object of the invention is a sound radiating element and a sound radiator built up of such elements, in which the subjective sensation of the radiated sound is a better one than that of prior sound radiators.
  • Sound radiator it is meant a loudspeaker (s) built in a box, horn, baffle etc.
  • the radiation properties, i.e., the characteristics of the sound field, the frequency response curve and the directivity pattern (1) (It is to be noted that the parenthetical numerals throughout this text relate to the Bibliographical references at the end thereof.) of sound radiators consisting of a number of radiating elements are influenced by the arrangement of the construction. It is to be mentioned that in some cases even one of the sound radiating elements can be used as a sound radiator itself.
  • nonhomogenity sound field i.e., a sound field with strong interference is energized in the neighborhood of the sound radiator.
  • its'nonhomogenity depends on the utilized radiators, their dimensions and their arrangement relative to each other (2).
  • FIG. 1 indicates the radiator from side-view
  • 2 the vector leading to the observers point in the far-field
  • a() is the angle between the vector of the observers point and that of the axis of the radiator.
  • the observer or the microphone-as in the case of convex surfaces- is surrounded by a sound field in which the frequency response, as a function of frequency, is falling even in the axis, i.e., at a 0.
  • the fulfillment of the abovementioned considerations may be well observed even in line radiators that can be considered to be a limiting case of surface radiators.
  • Spherical radiators are to be mentioned particularly as being the most general forms of convex radiators.
  • the classical type of this kind of radiators, the so called 'Kosters radiator (3) was followed by a number of constructions-used in the industry extensivelyamong which the patent descriptions (4), (5) and (6) are to be mentioned as examples.
  • a weak interference field is produced in free field, as the elemental radiation has a divergent character.
  • the interference of the sound field is increased by the reflections from the walls (7), (8), (9).
  • the subjective sensation of the sound image produced by the sound field is enlarged, the origin of the sound cannot be determined exactly and the effect of the room surrounding the sound source is to be felt considerably.
  • the frequency response and the directivity pattern within the transmitted band ought to be smooth and as independent of the frequency as possible, or these conditions should be fulfilled at least within a broad band (10), (l 1). This is an especially important requirement when radiating perspective sound (12). Further to the abovementioned conditions, according to our practice, it is also very important that the frequency responses measured in free field and in a living room should be as equal as possible. In this case namely almost the same sound pressure-and therefore the same subjective sensation-can be obtained in small and in middle size rooms i.e., the reproduced sound image will be independent of the room. This statement can be explained by the equality of the radiated power when the aforementioned conditions are fulfilled.
  • the natural sounds namely, be they speech sounds or musical ones have needs a beginning and an end, i.e., they are of finite duration.
  • Applying Fouriers theorem it is obvious that the ear almost never is excited by pure sinusoidal sounds.
  • a t means the duration of the signal
  • the investigations of Winckel (14) show that the phonems of speech and the swift passages of music comprise signals with a duration of about 50 ms. Hence, the system is in fact mostly energized not by a pure sound but by sounds having spectra of considerable bandwidth with a configuration varying with time.
  • the object of this invention is a sound radiator producing a soundfield the interference nonhomogenity of which is rather strong. If namely the irregularities of the sound field-which is changing in space and time--actually are falling within the critical bands of hearing, these irregularities cannot be observed any more and the subjective sound impression will be a good one.
  • a compound sound radiating element comprising a plurality of loudspeakers, respectively a sound radiator built up of such elements.
  • the strong interference sound field of the element comprising a plurality of loudspeakers (from now: sound radiating element) which is a constituent part of the sound radiator, is produced immediately at the aperture of the sound radiating element.
  • aperture we means that real or fictive boundary surface of the sound radiating element through which the produced sound field is immediately passed on to the medium outside the sound radiator.
  • the aperture in the solid angle of the main radiation of the loudspeakers is at one or more points in contact with the wall elements carrying the individual loudspeakers.
  • the amplitude and the phase of the excitation of the air particles is rapidly changing from point to point.
  • sound radiators can be composed variable in a wide range with a view toward the actual acoustical task.
  • the sound radiating element may be composed of a plurality or at least three single unit and/or multiple unit loudspeakers arranged in such a manner that the planar surfaces through the radiating surfaces of the loudspeakers have an angle different from and their intersecting lines are parallel, while in the planar surface perpendicular to these intersecting lines the intersecting line is a broken one, so that the radiating (main) axes of the individual neighboring loudspeakers, respectively their projection on the aforementioned perpendicular planar surface are intersecting each other before and behind the broken line alternately, and the radiating centers of the neighboring loudspeakers are at a distance from one another less than three times the wavelength of a sound wave belonging to the upper limiting frequency of the transmitted frequency band.
  • the upper limiting frequency-according to the draft recommendation of the lntemational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is that frequency at which the frequency response of the loudspeaker, measured on the reference axis, has decreased a stated amount (normally 10 db.) below the mean response averaged over a bandwidth of one octave in the region of maximum sensitivity. Sharp peaks and troughs in the response curve narrower than A; octave shall be neglected v for both the upper and the lower limits (23).
  • the loudspeakers may be arranged asymmetrically too, they can have different dimensions and different forms by which further desirable effects can be attained.
  • FIG. 6 gives a diagrammatic view of an element arranged according to the invention comprising five loudspeakers and suitable for the explanation of the concept of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is the perspective view of an elemental one-line

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
US13886A 1969-11-26 1970-02-25 Sound radiator Expired - Lifetime US3648801A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUEE001750 1969-11-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3648801A true US3648801A (en) 1972-03-14

Family

ID=10995317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13886A Expired - Lifetime US3648801A (en) 1969-11-26 1970-02-25 Sound radiator

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3648801A (no)
AT (1) AT320766B (no)
BE (1) BE756400A (no)
BG (1) BG29729A3 (no)
CA (1) CA931082A (no)
CH (1) CH526245A (no)
CS (1) CS164868B2 (no)
DE (1) DE2017649B2 (no)
DK (1) DK143089C (no)
ES (1) ES384044A1 (no)
FI (1) FI51884C (no)
FR (1) FR2071569A5 (no)
GB (1) GB1310165A (no)
NL (1) NL7008149A (no)
NO (1) NO124970B (no)
PL (1) PL81317B1 (no)
SE (1) SE358539B (no)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862366A (en) * 1971-08-16 1975-01-21 Elektroakusztikai Gyar Sound radiation system
US3947635A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-03-30 Frankman Charles W Integrated stereo speaker system
US4365688A (en) * 1981-03-12 1982-12-28 Blose William G Speaker cabinet
US20030024762A1 (en) * 2001-08-02 2003-02-06 Rehmann Mark L. Speaker resonance voicebox
US20070172085A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Art Powers Theater center apparatus
US20170295418A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2017-10-12 David Curtinsmith Method and apparatus for providing customised sound distributions
WO2021252797A1 (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Asymmetrical acoustic horn

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2628924B1 (fr) * 1988-03-15 1991-08-30 Baranes Roger Enceintes acoustiques a directivites optimums adaptables en diffuseurs de son a cones deflecteurs
JPH07143588A (ja) * 1993-11-12 1995-06-02 Hisaji Nakamura 垂直アレイ型スピーカ装置
WO1995026102A1 (en) * 1994-03-24 1995-09-28 Philips Electronics N.V. Audio-visual arrangement and system in which such an arrangement is used

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2544742A (en) * 1946-12-31 1951-03-13 Vibra Sonic Inc Cubic loud-speaker cabinet
US2602860A (en) * 1947-11-18 1952-07-08 Doubt Leon Stewart Loud-speaker structure
US3104729A (en) * 1963-09-24 Stereophonic sound reproducing loudspeaker system
US3179203A (en) * 1963-11-29 1965-04-20 Edgar S Transue Speaker re-vibration system
US3241631A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-03-22 Manieri Domenico High-fidelity column-type stereomonophonic diffuser with regulated sound deflection
US3449519A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-06-10 Morey J Mowry Speaker system for sound-wave amplification

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3104729A (en) * 1963-09-24 Stereophonic sound reproducing loudspeaker system
US2544742A (en) * 1946-12-31 1951-03-13 Vibra Sonic Inc Cubic loud-speaker cabinet
US2602860A (en) * 1947-11-18 1952-07-08 Doubt Leon Stewart Loud-speaker structure
US3179203A (en) * 1963-11-29 1965-04-20 Edgar S Transue Speaker re-vibration system
US3241631A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-03-22 Manieri Domenico High-fidelity column-type stereomonophonic diffuser with regulated sound deflection
US3449519A (en) * 1968-01-24 1969-06-10 Morey J Mowry Speaker system for sound-wave amplification

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Publication A Four Speaker Bass Reflex Enclosure by Dr. Richard C. Hitchcock, Popular Mechanics, June, 1957, pp. 142 144, 181 318 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862366A (en) * 1971-08-16 1975-01-21 Elektroakusztikai Gyar Sound radiation system
US3947635A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-03-30 Frankman Charles W Integrated stereo speaker system
US4365688A (en) * 1981-03-12 1982-12-28 Blose William G Speaker cabinet
US20030024762A1 (en) * 2001-08-02 2003-02-06 Rehmann Mark L. Speaker resonance voicebox
US6755277B2 (en) * 2001-08-02 2004-06-29 Dell Products L.P. Speaker resonance voicebox
US20070172085A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Art Powers Theater center apparatus
US20170295418A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2017-10-12 David Curtinsmith Method and apparatus for providing customised sound distributions
US10321211B2 (en) * 2014-10-10 2019-06-11 David Curtinsmith Method and apparatus for providing customised sound distributions
WO2021252797A1 (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-16 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Asymmetrical acoustic horn
US20230317051A1 (en) * 2020-06-10 2023-10-05 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Asymmetrical acoustic horn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI51884B (no) 1976-12-31
GB1310165A (en) 1973-03-14
CA931082A (en) 1973-07-31
CS164868B2 (no) 1975-11-28
FI51884C (fi) 1977-04-12
DK143089B (da) 1981-03-23
DK143089C (da) 1981-10-26
BE756400A (fr) 1971-03-01
FR2071569A5 (no) 1971-09-17
BG29729A3 (en) 1981-01-15
SE358539B (no) 1973-07-30
NL7008149A (no) 1971-05-28
NO124970B (no) 1972-06-26
PL81317B1 (no) 1975-08-30
DE2017649B2 (de) 1972-12-28
DE2017649A1 (de) 1971-06-16
ES384044A1 (es) 1973-01-01
CH526245A (de) 1972-07-31
AT320766B (de) 1975-02-25

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