[go: up one dir, main page]

US3488940A - Process for yarn crimping - Google Patents

Process for yarn crimping Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3488940A
US3488940A US563666A US3488940DA US3488940A US 3488940 A US3488940 A US 3488940A US 563666 A US563666 A US 563666A US 3488940D A US3488940D A US 3488940DA US 3488940 A US3488940 A US 3488940A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
twist
crimp
heterofilaments
false
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US563666A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Parvez Naoroji Mehta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3488940A publication Critical patent/US3488940A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D02G1/022—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting while simultaneously drawing the yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in crimped yarns containing heterofilaments and to processes for their manufacture.
  • yarn In order that the yarn may be usefully employed in the singles condition it is necessary that yarn should have a twist-liveliness of not more than 2.5 and preferably less than 0.8 turn per cm.
  • the present invention provides a crimped multifilament yarn containing not less than 66% of heterofilaments having an out of hase helical crimp.
  • the yarn is twist lively, the twist-liveliness being not more than 2.5 and preferably less than 0.8 turn per cm. so that spirality, i.e. the distortion of stitches in a regular knitted pattern, will not be visible in the fabric, and in order to render doubling unnecessary before further processing or being formed into a fabric.
  • the yarns have a crimp retraction of at least 15%. If the yarn contains significantly less than 66% of heterofilaments insufficient crimp is obtained, the crimping forces of the heterofilaments being too small to convolute the homofilaments in the yarn.
  • the invention provides a process for the manufacture of a crimped multifilament yarn containing at least 66% of heterofilaments having a random out of phase crimp, wherein a supply yarn containing at least 66% of heterofilaments has a false-twist inserted therein and is heated sufiiciently during the insertion of the false-twist to retain some twist-liveliness, the filaments in the yarn forced to separate and the yarn subjected to a relaxation step to develop the heterofilament crimp.
  • the false-twist is applied to the yarn during the yarn drawing operation, for which purpose an undrawn yarn containing at least 66% of heterofilaments is used as the supply yarn.
  • Heat may be applied to the yarn during the relaxation step to further develop crimp in the heterofilaments, the heat applied to the yarn during false-twisting being sufficient in many instances to almost fully develop the heterofilament crimp.
  • the sole figure is a perspective view of apparatus suitable for carrying out the process of the present invention.
  • Heterofilaments are composite filaments consisting of at least two polymer components which exist in eccentric relationship contiguously along the length of the filament in a side-by-side or sheath and core arrangement.
  • the polymer components are normally diiferent polymers which differ in respect of those physical properties which will cause the filament to crimp, e.g. in shrinkage and/or recovery properties.
  • the components may also be of the same polymeric material, but differing in respect of their degree of polymerisation.
  • the crimp is usually developed by subjecting the filaments to a relaxing process, e.g. overfeeding into a hot-air tube, after they have been drawn; and in it the latter mentioned type the crimp frequently occurs spontaneously when the tension in the filaments is released after drawing, although it may often be further developed by a hot relaxing process.
  • Heterofilaments useful in connection with the present invention include those consisting of two polyamide components such as polyhexamethylene adipamide and a copolymer of polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyepsilon caprolactam or two polyesters which may both, for example, be polyethylene terephthalate of differing molecular weights, the difference in molecular weights being suflicient to cause a monofilament to crimp spontaneously after drawing.
  • the yarns may contain up to 34% of non-heterofilament filaments, homofilaments, which may be formed of the same polymer as one of the heterofilament components and may conveniently be extruded simultaneously with the heterofilaments through orifices contained in the same spinneret plate.
  • the homofilaments may be formed of a different polymeric material and conveniently doubled with the heterofilaments at some convenient stage in the process prior to the insertion of the false-twist.
  • the yarn, in fabric form if desired, may subsequently be subjected to a hot relaxation process to redevelop the crimp which is pulled out in the winding and other processes, e.g. in forming into a fabric.
  • Twist liveliness is determined according to the following procedure.
  • a sample of yarn is taken from the inside of a yarn package, care being taken not to allow twist to run out of the yarn, and clamped under a tension of 2 g./d. between two clamps 50 cms. apart.
  • a weight of 0.01 g./d. is attached to the mid-point of the sample and the clamps brought together. With the yarn between the clamps stationary, one clamp is moved slowly away from the other and the number of revolutions made by the weight recorded. The twist liveliness of the yarn is then calculated from the expression:
  • QR. #x 100 Yarn shrinkage is determined by loading a 50 cm. skein to 0.33 g./d. in air and measuring its length (a). The skein is then boiled in water for one minute under a load 0.01 gm./d. and dried in air for one hour under the same load and its length measured under a load of 0.33 g./d. (c), shrinkage (S) is then calculated from the expression
  • the insertion of false-twist during drawing may conveniently be achieved using the apparatus described in the specification of British Patent No. 890,053, preferably using a heated snubbing pin to heat the yarn during the false-twisting.
  • the drawing suitable apparatus comprises means for drawing yarn consisting of a feed roll 1 and a draw roll 3 spaced a distance apart with a snubbing pin 2 therebetween.
  • the draw roll 3, which is associated with a separator roll 4, is provided with a flange 5 which causes a yarn 7 in contact therewith to be rotated about its own axis.
  • undrawn yarn containing at least 66% of heterofilaments, in a substantially twistless condition is passed round the feed roll 1 to the snubbing pin 2 around which it makes about two passes and thence to the draw rolls 3.
  • the yarn makes frcitional contact with the flange 5 which causes the yarn to rotate about its axis and imparts a false twist thereto rendering the yarn twist-lively.
  • the Snubbing pin should preferably have a temperature not greater than 140 C.
  • the yarn After leaving the draw roll 3 the yarn may be subjected to a hot retraction treatment under low tension to develop or further develop the heterofilament crimp in the yarn. Conveniently this may be carried out by passing the yarn through a tube 8 through which hot air or steam can be introduced. The yarn is finally wound up as a cheese or on a bobbin 6, the crimp being largely pulled out during wind-up.
  • false-twist may be inserted by means of a process employing a false-twist bush such as is described in the specification to British Patent No. 797,051, and heat may be applied to the yarn by means other than a heated. snubbing pin.
  • the said bush being positioned between the snubbing pin and draw roll, the latter acting also as a twist-stop.
  • Example 1 The yarn employed in this example was an undrawn 360 denier 30 filament yarn consisting solely of two component heterofilaments.
  • the heterofilaments consisted of equal proportions of 66 nylon, being one component and an /20 copolymer of 66 nylon and 6 nylon, being the other component.
  • the yarn was drawn by passage from feed rolls to a heated snubbing pin around which it was caused to make two wraps and thence to a draw roll fitted with a flange, as described above.
  • the yarn was guided onto a flange to make frictional contact therewith and thereby rotated about its axis and a false-twist imparted. From the draw roll the yarn was passed through a tube into which steam was introduced and was allowed to retract and the crimp fully develop before being wound up on a surface driven roll to form a cheese. Details of the process and some yarn properties are given in Table 1 below.
  • the yarn had a good bulk and was twist lively. After knitting into a fabric and immersed in boiling water for 5 minutes an increase in fabric bulk was observed.
  • the fabric had a cotton-like handle, unusual in fabrics made from synethetic yarns.
  • Example 2 In Example 2 the process of Example 1 was repeated, using the same yarn but with a snubber pin temperature of C. and without the introduction of steam into the retraction tube. The percentage retraction in the tube was 12.5 as before.
  • Example 3 is a repeat of Example 2 without insertion of false-twist to separate the filaments before the heterofilament crimp was developed.
  • the yarns from each example were knitted into a fabric and the bulk assessed visually after immersion in boiling Water for 5 minutes and drying. Details of the yarn and fabric are given in the Table 2 below.
  • Examples 6 and 7 The process of Examples 2 and 3 were followed, there being no separation of the filaments by the insertion of false-twist prior to crimp development in Examples 7.
  • the yarns were knitted into fabrics which were immersed in boiling water for 5 minutes to redevelop the yarn crimp. Details of the yarn properties are given in the Table 4 below.
  • a process for the manufacture of a bulked multifilament yarn comprising inserting false twist in a supply yarn which comprises at least 66% of heterofilaments while heating the yarn so as to impart twist liveliness thereto and then reducing the tension on the yarn thereby to allow the filaments to separate and retract so as to develop heterofilament helical crimp, the heat applied to the yarn during insertion of false twist being sufiicient to cause the yarn to retain a twist liveliness of not more than 2.5 turns per cm. after the retraction step thereby efiecting an out of phase helical crimp during the retraction step while not reducing the development of heterofilament crimp.
  • a process according to claim 3 including drawing the yarn between a feed roll and a draw roll having a snubbing pin positioned therebetween, the draw roll having a flange fitted thereto with which the yarn makes frictional contact in passage from the snubbing pin to the draw roll, rotating the yarn about its axis and imparting a false twist thereto.
  • a process according to claim 4 including supplying heat to the yarn during the false-twisting by heating the snubbing pin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US563666A 1965-07-16 1966-07-08 Process for yarn crimping Expired - Lifetime US3488940A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB30270/65A GB1142617A (en) 1965-07-16 1965-07-16 Improvements in or relating to processes for yarn crimping

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3488940A true US3488940A (en) 1970-01-13

Family

ID=10304980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US563666A Expired - Lifetime US3488940A (en) 1965-07-16 1966-07-08 Process for yarn crimping

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3488940A (de)
BE (1) BE684252A (de)
CH (1) CH464434A (de)
DE (1) DE1660383B2 (de)
FR (1) FR1487755A (de)
GB (1) GB1142617A (de)
LU (1) LU51571A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6609989A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3695026A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-10-03 Fiber Industries Inc Flange false twist textured nylon
US3782088A (en) * 1971-08-05 1974-01-01 Courtaulds North America Inc False twister
US3796036A (en) * 1970-11-21 1974-03-12 Scragg & Sons Method of processing yarn
US4031692A (en) * 1972-07-26 1977-06-28 Fiber Industries, Inc. Novel hosiery yarn
US4159617A (en) * 1969-11-17 1979-07-03 Fiber Industries, Inc. Resilient polyester fibers
US4265849A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-05-05 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing multifilament thermoplastic yarn having latent crimp
US4487011A (en) * 1981-04-18 1984-12-11 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for making a texturized profile yarn, and the resulting yarns

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2904953A (en) * 1954-11-16 1959-09-22 British Celanese Manufacture of voluminous yarns
US3038240A (en) * 1960-02-02 1962-06-12 Du Pont Composite acrylonitrile fiber with negative reversible crimp
US3061998A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-06 Bloch Godfrey Bulked continuous filament yarns
US3094834A (en) * 1959-07-03 1963-06-25 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for simultaneously stretching and falsetwisting yarn
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3181224A (en) * 1963-04-02 1965-05-04 Du Pont Process for preparing bulky fabrics
US3225534A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-12-28 Du Pont Differential shrinkage yarn
US3279163A (en) * 1964-01-06 1966-10-18 Du Pont Pill-resistant yarns
US3330896A (en) * 1962-07-12 1967-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing bulky yarn
US3350488A (en) * 1958-05-27 1967-10-31 Du Pont Process for the production of sharp-edge fibers

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2904953A (en) * 1954-11-16 1959-09-22 British Celanese Manufacture of voluminous yarns
US3350488A (en) * 1958-05-27 1967-10-31 Du Pont Process for the production of sharp-edge fibers
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3094834A (en) * 1959-07-03 1963-06-25 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Apparatus for simultaneously stretching and falsetwisting yarn
US3061998A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-06 Bloch Godfrey Bulked continuous filament yarns
US3038240A (en) * 1960-02-02 1962-06-12 Du Pont Composite acrylonitrile fiber with negative reversible crimp
US3225534A (en) * 1961-03-31 1965-12-28 Du Pont Differential shrinkage yarn
US3330896A (en) * 1962-07-12 1967-07-11 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing bulky yarn
US3181224A (en) * 1963-04-02 1965-05-04 Du Pont Process for preparing bulky fabrics
US3279163A (en) * 1964-01-06 1966-10-18 Du Pont Pill-resistant yarns

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159617A (en) * 1969-11-17 1979-07-03 Fiber Industries, Inc. Resilient polyester fibers
US3695026A (en) * 1970-08-06 1972-10-03 Fiber Industries Inc Flange false twist textured nylon
US3796036A (en) * 1970-11-21 1974-03-12 Scragg & Sons Method of processing yarn
US3782088A (en) * 1971-08-05 1974-01-01 Courtaulds North America Inc False twister
US4031692A (en) * 1972-07-26 1977-06-28 Fiber Industries, Inc. Novel hosiery yarn
US4265849A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-05-05 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing multifilament thermoplastic yarn having latent crimp
US4487011A (en) * 1981-04-18 1984-12-11 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for making a texturized profile yarn, and the resulting yarns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU51571A1 (de) 1966-09-15
GB1142617A (en) 1969-02-12
CH464434A (de) 1968-10-31
DE1660383B2 (de) 1975-01-16
NL6609989A (de) 1967-01-17
DE1660383A1 (de) 1971-04-15
FR1487755A (fr) 1967-07-07
BE684252A (de) 1967-01-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3691750A (en) Textured core yarns
US3438193A (en) Composite yarn and its manufacturing method
US3404525A (en) Low-torque multifilament compact yarn
US3708970A (en) Yarn process
US3488940A (en) Process for yarn crimping
US3780515A (en) Textured core yarns
US3733801A (en) Yarn process
US3435603A (en) Process and apparatus for producing torque in synthetic filaments,fibers and yarns
US3973073A (en) Bicomponent polyester filaments and process for making same
US3115744A (en) Process for the manufacture of crimped yarn
US3570235A (en) Composite multifilament yarn
US3462938A (en) Processes for producing crimped heterofilament yarns
US3936996A (en) Method and apparatus for production of false twist textured composite yarn
US3423924A (en) Method of false-twisting thermoplastic yarn
US3382658A (en) Apparatus for manufacturing textured filament yarns
US3543505A (en) Process for relaxing internal tensions of textured synthetic yarns
US3877213A (en) Draw textured yarn and process
US3553953A (en) Bulked bonded yarn
US3879928A (en) Process for the manufacture of yarn and the resulting product
US4169349A (en) Production of simulated spun-like bulked yarn
US3579764A (en) Process for producing textured yarns
US3611701A (en) Process for the production of dyed crimped yarns
US3483690A (en) Bulky plied yarn
HK61397A (en) Yarn and method for manufacturing a yarn
US3498044A (en) Method for producing a latent texturized yarn