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US3455369A - Horizontal continuous casting - Google Patents

Horizontal continuous casting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3455369A
US3455369A US579997A US3455369DA US3455369A US 3455369 A US3455369 A US 3455369A US 579997 A US579997 A US 579997A US 3455369D A US3455369D A US 3455369DA US 3455369 A US3455369 A US 3455369A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mold
molten metal
ingot
entrance
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US579997A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard T Craig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howmet Aerospace Inc
Original Assignee
Aluminum Company of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminum Company of America filed Critical Aluminum Company of America
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3455369A publication Critical patent/US3455369A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • B22D11/047—Means for joining tundish to mould

Definitions

  • molten metal is provided in a reservoir most often separated from an open ended drastically chilled horizontal mold by a partial barrier having an opening to conduct molten metal from the reservoir to the drastically chilled mold from which the solidifying metal is continuously withdrawn in a horizontal direction.
  • Another object is to provide a method and apparatus, especially useful in producing large size ingots wherein 3,455,369 Patented July 15, 1969 molten metal is fed in a thin stream in close proximity to the lower mold inside surface and wherein provision is made to alleviate tearing defects on the upper ingot surface.
  • the drawing is an elevation view, partly in crosssection, illustrating the invention.
  • the invention contemplates providing a body of molten metal extending both outwardly from and inwardly into the entrance of a horizontal mold and feeding molten metal in a stream under this body into the lower portion of the entrance of the mold to maintain the molten metal body.
  • the stream is preferably relatively thin and in close proximity to the lower mold wall but separated from the aforementioned extending body of molten metal.
  • molten metal is solidified to provide at least the exterior of an ingot which is continuously withdrawn from the mold.
  • molten metal reservoir 20 is provided on one side of an insulating closure 22.
  • a horizontally disposed mold 24 which is chilled by suitable cooling means such as water pipes or headers 26 provided with holes 28 to permit spraying water 30 against the surfaces of the mold and, in most cases, the ingot 32 emerging therefrom.
  • An opening 36 is provided in the closure 22 for the passage of liquid metal from the reservoir 20 to the chilled mold.
  • the reservoir is confined by suitable insulating members 38 and the molten metal surface 21 is maintained at a higher elevation than the upper inside surface 39 of the mold, such that any liquid metal 40 within the mold 24 is under a positive liquid metal head.
  • the gate opening 36 introduces molten metal in a relatively thin stream 46 which enters the mold in close proximity to the lower mold inside surface 50, substantially in accordance with the aforementioned US. Patent No. 3,286,309.
  • upper surface tearing is alleviated by the provision of recess 52 in closure 22.
  • This facilitates the provision of molten metal body 54 extending both outwardly from and inwardly into the mold entrance.
  • the opening described by the recess i.e. the lateral dimensions of body 54, are slightly smaller than the mold opening which provides a ledge or abutment 56 extending inwardly about to A2 inch from the mold inside surface 39.
  • the lateral boundary of the recess is preferably tapered so as to diverge into the mold.
  • the taper can vary up to 45 although tapers from 15 to 25 are preferred.
  • a tapered surface 58 of 20 is utilized.
  • Shelf member 60- is provided to separate the outwardly extending portion of molten metal body 54 from stream 46 which feeds and maintains body 54.
  • Concerning the dimensions of the recess, shelf, and gate opening, the recess should be deep enough to provide a body 54 of significant size, i.e. having a significant projection outwardly from the mold entrance. Generally a depth of /2 inch or more is adequate. If the recess is too deep, stream 46 becomes excessive in length and maintaining proper molten metal temperature may become troublesome. A depth of two or three inches is very effective.
  • the thickness of the shelf member 60 is not critical and the extent to which it protrudes toward the mold entrance can be varied within the practice of the invention. Generally it is preferable to have the shelf protrude or extend to the mold entrance. Further extension or protrusion into the mold can offer some advantage although such may introduce problems in commencing a casting run since the protruding shelf may interfere with the starting block or plug which closes the mold at the start of a casting run.
  • the shelf member 60 traverses substantially the entire ingot width as does, in many cases, the gate opening 36.
  • the gate opening is advantageously contoured to conform to the contour of the lower inside surface 50 of the mold in accordance with the teaching of U.S. Patent No. 3,286,309.
  • the shelf member may likewise assume a substantially straight horizontal disposition.
  • the recess 52, gate opening 3 36 and shelf 60 are all fashioned by machining, or otherwise removing material from heat insulative barrier member 22. However, it will be generally more convenient to fashion such by providing separate pieces 62 and 64, the former being closed except for the small gate opening 36 and the latter being almost entirely open. Shelf 60 is then provided as a separate piece joined to member 62.
  • a molten metal reservoir 20 is conveniently maintained adjacent an open ended chilled horizontal mold.
  • Molten metal is fed from the reservoir to the lower portion of the entrance of the mold under the outwardly extending portion of molten metal body 54 to supply and maintain molten metal body 54.
  • the molten metal is fed in a stream which is relatively thin and preferably is in close proximity to and contoured in general conformity with the mold lower inside surface 50.
  • the molten metal body 54 generally has lateral dimensions smaller than that of the mold opening and is separated from the thin molten metal feed stream 46 by a heat insulative barrier, conveniently provided by shelf 60.
  • the heat insulative barrier, or shelf, 60 serves several functions. First, it separates the molten metal feed stream 46 from molten metal body 54. Second, it directs the stream into the mold cavity rather than into theportion of body 54 which extends into the mold. It is believed that these effects combine to somehow alleviate the tearing which occurs on the upper surface of the ingot which may be caused by rapidly rising hot molten metal penetrating the thin embryo ingot shelf. However, the exact mechanism by which the practice of the invention alleviates upper surface tearing is not fully understood and this explanation is only offered to illustrate and not necessarily limit the invention.
  • some provision is pref-i erably included for continuously introducing lubricant in the vicinity of the mold entrance to minimize any binding of the ingot to the mold surfaces.
  • a plurality of radially disposed channels 48 can be provided to furnish lubricant to the mold inner surface and the molten metal surface. It is also preferable to provide a short initial mold portion having an opening slightly smaller than that of the balance of the mold such as depicted in copending application Ser. No. 542,424, filed Apr. 13, 1966, and now Patent No. 3,381,741.
  • ingots were cast of aluminum alloy 5082 (A1, 4.5% Mg) and 5086 (Al, 0.45% Mn, 4.0% Mg and 0.1% Cr).
  • the ingots produced were continuous slabs measuring 12 x 38" or 16" x 40" in cross section.
  • the casting procedure and apparatus employed was substantially that illustrated in FIGURE 1 and described above.
  • the metal feed opening 36 measured one inch across and traversed substantially the full width of the mold opening.
  • the recess 52 in closure 22 was 2 inches deep and tapered surfaces 53 had an angle of 20.
  • the shelf 60 extended 2 inches so as to coincide with the mold entrance.
  • a method of continuously casting light metal ingots in a horizontally disposed, open ended, chilled mold comprising:
  • a method of continuously casting ingots of aluminum or alloys thereof in a horizontally disposed, open ended, chilled mold comprising:
  • a method of continuously casting ingots of aluminum or aloys thereof in a horizontally disposed, open ended, chilled mold comprising:
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of light metal ingots comprising:
  • a heat insulative closure extending across the entrance of said mold, and having (a) a molten metal feed opening in the lower portion thereof for passage of a stream of molten metal from said first body into said mold, said opening being relatively thin and disposed in close proximity to the lower mold inside surface, and
  • Apparatus for the continuous casting of light metal ingots comprising:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US579997A 1966-09-16 1966-09-16 Horizontal continuous casting Expired - Lifetime US3455369A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57999766A 1966-09-16 1966-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3455369A true US3455369A (en) 1969-07-15

Family

ID=24319219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US579997A Expired - Lifetime US3455369A (en) 1966-09-16 1966-09-16 Horizontal continuous casting

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3455369A (fr)
BR (1) BR6792956D0 (fr)
FR (1) FR1548445A (fr)
GB (1) GB1155639A (fr)
NL (1) NL139249B (fr)
NO (1) NO119492B (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3730251A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Method of continuous casting
US3731728A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-05-08 Gen Motors Corp Mold apparatus for continuous casting
US4211275A (en) * 1977-12-19 1980-07-08 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Device for continuous horizontal casting
DE3526689A1 (de) * 1984-07-27 1986-02-06 Showa Aluminum Industries K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Verfahren und vorrichtung zum horizontalstranggiessen von metall
US5228496A (en) * 1989-05-11 1993-07-20 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Cast starting method in horizontal continuous casting
US20050000679A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-06 Brock James A. Horizontal direct chill casting apparatus and method
US20050126744A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Salee David A. Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine
US20150083792A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 Innovative Technology Limited Securable banknote carrier, and a banknote handling apparatus and banknote cassette for use with the securable banknote carrier

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA560136A (fr) * 1958-07-08 Armand Charles Coulee horizontale continue de metaux
US2940143A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-06-14 Daubersy Jean Method for the centrifugal continous casting of metals
US3076241A (en) * 1959-06-22 1963-02-05 Reynolds Metals Co Graphite mold casting system
GB1034419A (en) * 1963-07-22 1966-06-29 Morganite Res & Dev Ltd Continuous casting
US3286309A (en) * 1963-06-06 1966-11-22 Aluminum Co Of America Method and apparatus for horizontal casting of ingots
US3327768A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-06-27 Aluminum Co Of America Horizontal continuous casting apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA560136A (fr) * 1958-07-08 Armand Charles Coulee horizontale continue de metaux
US2940143A (en) * 1956-11-09 1960-06-14 Daubersy Jean Method for the centrifugal continous casting of metals
US3076241A (en) * 1959-06-22 1963-02-05 Reynolds Metals Co Graphite mold casting system
US3286309A (en) * 1963-06-06 1966-11-22 Aluminum Co Of America Method and apparatus for horizontal casting of ingots
GB1034419A (en) * 1963-07-22 1966-06-29 Morganite Res & Dev Ltd Continuous casting
US3327768A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-06-27 Aluminum Co Of America Horizontal continuous casting apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3726336A (en) * 1968-11-12 1973-04-10 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Continuous casting of metallic elements
US3730251A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Method of continuous casting
US3731728A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-05-08 Gen Motors Corp Mold apparatus for continuous casting
US4211275A (en) * 1977-12-19 1980-07-08 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Device for continuous horizontal casting
DE3526689A1 (de) * 1984-07-27 1986-02-06 Showa Aluminum Industries K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Verfahren und vorrichtung zum horizontalstranggiessen von metall
US4653571A (en) * 1984-07-27 1987-03-31 Showa Aluminum Industries K.K. Method for horizontal continuous casting of a metal, where the lower mold/cast metal contact point is horizontally displaced
US4688624A (en) * 1984-07-27 1987-08-25 Showa Aluminum Industries K.K. Apparatus for horizontal continuous casting of metal
US5228496A (en) * 1989-05-11 1993-07-20 Yoshida Kogyo K.K. Cast starting method in horizontal continuous casting
US20050000679A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-06 Brock James A. Horizontal direct chill casting apparatus and method
US20050126744A1 (en) * 2003-12-11 2005-06-16 Salee David A. Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine
US7004229B2 (en) 2003-12-11 2006-02-28 Novelis, Inc. Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine
EP2058064A1 (fr) 2003-12-11 2009-05-13 Novelis, Inc. Appareil pour le moulage de lingots métalliques
US20150083792A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 Innovative Technology Limited Securable banknote carrier, and a banknote handling apparatus and banknote cassette for use with the securable banknote carrier
US9483893B2 (en) * 2013-09-25 2016-11-01 Innovative Technology Limited Securable banknote carrier, and a banknote handling apparatus and banknote cassette for use with the securable banknote carrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1548445A (fr) 1968-12-06
GB1155639A (en) 1969-06-18
NO119492B (fr) 1970-05-25
DE1583568A1 (de) 1970-09-17
BR6792956D0 (pt) 1973-05-29
NL139249B (nl) 1973-07-16
NL6712680A (fr) 1968-03-18

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