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US3438732A - Method and apparatus for production of carbon black - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for production of carbon black Download PDF

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Publication number
US3438732A
US3438732A US553241A US3438732DA US3438732A US 3438732 A US3438732 A US 3438732A US 553241 A US553241 A US 553241A US 3438732D A US3438732D A US 3438732DA US 3438732 A US3438732 A US 3438732A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gas
carbon black
tail
combustion
air
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Expired - Lifetime
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US553241A
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English (en)
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Roger Morel
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/487—Separation; Recovery
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12—Surface area
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values

Definitions

  • gas and air are inserted in a combustion chamber to provide a bright flame with the forming of carbon black 1n suspension in the combustion gases.
  • the combustion gases consist mostly of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen and steam.
  • an air and gas mixture is inserted in a combustion chamber, together with an atomized liquid hydrocarbon; the combustion of the mixture causes one portion of the hydrocarbon to crack into carbon and hydrogen, while a substantial portion of the hydrocarbon burns and produces carbon monoxide.
  • the aim is to ensure the production of carbon black by the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon in gaseous form or in gaseous and liquid form, attended by the decomposition of a portion of the hydrocarbon through cracking.
  • the quality of the resulting carbon black depends, among other factors, on the degree of dilution of the raw material.
  • the particle dimensions of carbon black decrease when the dilution increases, and the manufacturer wishing to increase the degree of fineness is led, paradoxically, to employ increased volumes of air while trying to obtain an incomplete combustion of the hydrocarbon.
  • the mode of combustion becomes pulsatory, which makes it necessary to stop further increases in supply which might lead to a dangerous pulsating combustion.
  • the chamber becomes more charged in oxygen and less charged in CO and the gases contained therein are set alight again, thereby transforming the oven into a pulse-reactor
  • the combustion has very little turbulence and is practically silent, which makes it possible to increase considerably the supply of tar, without causing the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • the CO content of the tail-gases approximates to the CO resulting from the combustion of the heating Also that the CO content approximates to the quantity resulting from a combination of carbon with the excess of oxygen remaining in the gases after combustion of the heating gas;
  • the present invention has in view means and methods aimed at curing more completely the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the tar is atomized by mechanical means and the velocity of particles of atomized tar is controlled by a regulatable injection of pressurized neutral or inert gas.
  • the atomized tar is caused to crack by being brought in contact with a flow of gas having the required temperature and composed, at least in part, of an inert gas.
  • the tail-gases are used as a source of inert gas.
  • the inert gas may simply consist of the tail-gases from which the hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water have been extracted.
  • Another embodiment features the catalytic oxidizing of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen, after the water has been extracted.
  • a combustible gas is added to the tail-gases, the mixture is burned, and the products of combustion are used as inert gas.
  • These various embodiments include preferably a recovery of the heat content found in the tail-gases at their outlet or produced subsequently by burning them.
  • the supply of inert gas is drawn from a source other than the tail-gases.
  • FIGURE 1 of the attached drawing shows, as a nonrestrictive example, the layout of an installation according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a graph on which there have been plotted various grades of carbon black produced according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a combustion chamber 1, for producing carbon black, followed by an antechamber of cracking 2a and a cracking chamber 2.
  • Pipes A and G deliver air and a combustible gas respectively to a burner B.
  • the tar is led into chamber 1 by an atomizer GT fed by a pipe T, which is pressurized by mechanical means, not shown.
  • the gases produced, containing carbon black in suspension, are quenched, by meansof quenching device 14, and pass through a tubular exchanger 4 which is used for heating the combustion air fed by fan 8 to the combustion chamber, by way of pipes A1 and A.
  • a pipe A2, controlled by a valve V1 enables the air to by-pass exchanger 4.
  • Valve V1, actuated by a temperature detector CT fitted to pipe A, is used for controlling the temperature of the air supplied to the chamber.
  • Chamber 1 is suitably dimensioned to facilitate the production of a sufiicient amount of heat for the cracking reaction, bearing in mind that if its volume were unduly reduced, some of the fuel would remain unburnt.
  • the gases issuing from exchanger 4 pass through cyclones 5 and filters 6, with the carbon black in suspension forming a deposit, and, according to the present invention, the tail-gases issuing from the filters 6 are led by pipe CQ to a cooler 10, wherein their water content is condensed.
  • the combustion air is supplied to the incinerator 7 by a fan 9, after having passed through the cooler 10, where it becomes heated while causing the water of the tailgases to condense.
  • the neutral gas issuing from the incinerator 7 is sent by fan 12 to pipe GN, and arrives to the burner B of the plant.
  • a compressor 13 receives one portion of these gases, and compresses and injects them into the tar atomizer GT, by way of a pipe GNl controlled by a vave V2. This affords a regulation of the quantity of neutral gas injected and of the velocity of the particles of atomized tar, with selective alterations in quality of the final product.
  • the hydrogen and water are retained at the outlet of filters 6, while the CO is either extracted, together with the hydrogen, or transformed into C0
  • the neutral gas consisting of the remaining CO and nitrogen, may be preheated in an exchanger, using the gases issuing from the oven, to be supplied thereafter to the combustion chamber.
  • the tail-gases freed of their water by condensation, are sent on a catalytic bed, together with air, where the CO and hydrogen are oxidized, to give an inert gas, the temperature of which may lie, for instance, between 400 and 500 C.
  • the balance will be re-established by a reduction in the output of tar, i.e. in the amount of heat to be supplied for cracking, or by an increase in the quantity of fuel gas, or, more economically by an increase in temperature of the mixture air-inert gas, such increase being achievable at least in part through the oxidising of the combustible elements of the tail-gases.
  • the invention offers a means of considerably increasing the carbon black yield, relatively to the tar, and of doubling that yield in some cases.
  • the method and plant according to the invention are not limited to the production of carbon black and may be generally used with advantage in the cracking of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons.
  • the burning of the tail-gases, followed by their recirculation inside or outside the cracking chamber may advantageously be used for maintaining the latter at a suitable temperature.
  • a method for continuously producing carbon black by introducing an atomized stream of hydrocarbon within a confined space and cracking said hydrocarbon into carbon black and tail-gas within said space through contact of said hydrocarbon with a hot gas, the improvement comprising the step of freeing said tail-gas of water vapor and combustible components to provide inert tailgas, and recirculating the inert tail-gas to said confined space together with air and a combustible gas to form said hot gas.
  • a method according to claim 1 including the step of admixing part of said inert tail-gas with said hydrocarbon to produce said atomized stream.
  • a method according to claim 1 including the steps of cooling said tail-gas by heat exchange with air for condensing the water vapor content of said tail-gas, extracting said condensate from said tail-gas and burning thereafter the combustible components of said tail-gas with said air to form inert tail-gas.
  • Apparatus for the continuous production of carbon black by cracking an atomized stream of hydrocarbon into carbon black and tail-gas within a confined space comprising a combustion chamber having an air inlet, a combustible gas inlet, a make-up gas inlet, a hydrocarbon inlet, and a carbon black and tail-gas outlet, and further having an installation with an inlet connected to said outlet for receiving said tail-gas and for condensing water vapor therefrom and oxidizing combustible components therefrom whereby to form inert tail-gas, said installation having an outlet connected to said make-up gas inlet for supplying inert tail-gas to said combustion chamber.
  • An apparatus wherein there is included a heat exchanger having a flux of carbon black and tail-gas from said combustion chamber circulating within said exchanger in heat exchange relationship with a flux of inert tail-gas issuing from said installation.
  • ing means for injecting said inert tail-gas into hydrocarbon for producing said atomized stream of hydrocarbon.
  • An apparatus further including means for circulating air within said installation in heat exchange relationship with said tail-gas for condensing water vapor therefrom and for admixing thereafter of said air into said water free tail-gas for oxidizing combustible components therefrom.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
US553241A 1965-05-31 1966-05-26 Method and apparatus for production of carbon black Expired - Lifetime US3438732A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR18909A FR1466267A (fr) 1965-05-31 1965-05-31 Perfectionnements à la fabrication du noir de carbone

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3438732A true US3438732A (en) 1969-04-15

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ID=8580301

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US553241A Expired - Lifetime US3438732A (en) 1965-05-31 1966-05-26 Method and apparatus for production of carbon black

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US3438732A (pl)
CS (1) CS176104B2 (pl)
DE (1) DE1592913C3 (pl)
ES (1) ES327396A1 (pl)
FR (1) FR1466267A (pl)
GB (1) GB1150362A (pl)
NL (1) NL148644B (pl)
PL (1) PL72551B1 (pl)
SE (1) SE311711B (pl)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998934A (en) * 1974-07-03 1976-12-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Production of carbon black
US4088741A (en) * 1976-03-03 1978-05-09 J. M. Huber Corporation Carbon black process
US4237092A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-12-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for producing carbon black
US4247530A (en) * 1978-04-19 1981-01-27 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and method for producing carbon black
US4261964A (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-04-14 J. M. Huber Corporation Utilization of combustible components of a tail-gas in the manufacture of carbon black at a high production rate
US4292291A (en) * 1978-06-24 1981-09-29 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Process for the production of furnace black
US4302423A (en) * 1978-04-19 1981-11-24 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and method for producing carbon black
US4320090A (en) * 1977-11-21 1982-03-16 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for producing a high DPG carbon black
US4393034A (en) * 1980-10-22 1983-07-12 Ashland Oil, Inc. Energy efficient process for the production of carbon black
US4402929A (en) * 1980-02-05 1983-09-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing a high DPG carbon black
US4442069A (en) * 1980-12-01 1984-04-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Carbon black furnace apparatus
US4636375A (en) * 1979-11-07 1987-01-13 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing furnace blacks of variable carbon black structure
US4737531A (en) * 1985-01-24 1988-04-12 Phillips Petroleum Co. Waste heat recovery
US6156837A (en) * 1992-03-05 2000-12-05 Cabot Corporation Carbon blacks
US7431909B1 (en) * 1998-12-04 2008-10-07 Cabot Corporation Process for production of carbon black
WO2016030495A1 (en) 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Orion Engineered Carbons Gmbh Process for controlling the porosity of carbon blacks

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH596291A5 (pl) * 1973-08-31 1978-03-15 Frossblacks Int Process Ets
US4206192A (en) * 1977-11-03 1980-06-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing carbon black
NO176968C (no) * 1992-04-07 1995-06-28 Kvaerner Eng Anlegg til fremstilling av karbon

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672402A (en) * 1951-05-23 1954-03-16 Cabot Godfrey L Inc Process of producing carbon black and synthesis gas
US3075829A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-01-29 Continental Carbon Co Process for manufacture of carbon black
US3211532A (en) * 1962-03-12 1965-10-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Carbon black furnace
US3362790A (en) * 1965-04-23 1968-01-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Furnace for making high abrasion and intermediate super abrasion furnace carbon blacks

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672402A (en) * 1951-05-23 1954-03-16 Cabot Godfrey L Inc Process of producing carbon black and synthesis gas
US3075829A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-01-29 Continental Carbon Co Process for manufacture of carbon black
US3211532A (en) * 1962-03-12 1965-10-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Carbon black furnace
US3362790A (en) * 1965-04-23 1968-01-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Furnace for making high abrasion and intermediate super abrasion furnace carbon blacks

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998934A (en) * 1974-07-03 1976-12-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Production of carbon black
US4088741A (en) * 1976-03-03 1978-05-09 J. M. Huber Corporation Carbon black process
US4320090A (en) * 1977-11-21 1982-03-16 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for producing a high DPG carbon black
US4247530A (en) * 1978-04-19 1981-01-27 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and method for producing carbon black
US4302423A (en) * 1978-04-19 1981-11-24 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and method for producing carbon black
US4292291A (en) * 1978-06-24 1981-09-29 Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler Process for the production of furnace black
US4237092A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-12-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for producing carbon black
US4261964A (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-04-14 J. M. Huber Corporation Utilization of combustible components of a tail-gas in the manufacture of carbon black at a high production rate
US4636375A (en) * 1979-11-07 1987-01-13 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing furnace blacks of variable carbon black structure
US4402929A (en) * 1980-02-05 1983-09-06 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing a high DPG carbon black
US4393034A (en) * 1980-10-22 1983-07-12 Ashland Oil, Inc. Energy efficient process for the production of carbon black
US4442069A (en) * 1980-12-01 1984-04-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Carbon black furnace apparatus
US4737531A (en) * 1985-01-24 1988-04-12 Phillips Petroleum Co. Waste heat recovery
US6156837A (en) * 1992-03-05 2000-12-05 Cabot Corporation Carbon blacks
US7431909B1 (en) * 1998-12-04 2008-10-07 Cabot Corporation Process for production of carbon black
US7655209B2 (en) 1998-12-04 2010-02-02 Cabot Corporation Process for production of carbon black
WO2016030495A1 (en) 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Orion Engineered Carbons Gmbh Process for controlling the porosity of carbon blacks
KR20170048344A (ko) * 2014-08-29 2017-05-08 오리온 엔지니어드 카본스 게엠베하 카본 블랙의 공극율 제어 방법
RU2701828C2 (ru) * 2014-08-29 2019-10-01 Орион Инджинирд Карбонз Гмбх Способ регулирования пористости углеродных саж
US10907049B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2021-02-02 Orion Engineered Carbons Gmbh Process for controlling the porosity of carbon blacks
US12071549B2 (en) 2014-08-29 2024-08-27 Orion Engineered Carbons Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for controlling the porosity of carbon blacks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE311711B (pl) 1969-06-23
FR1466267A (fr) 1967-01-20
NL6607363A (pl) 1966-12-01
DE1592913C3 (de) 1979-11-15
DE1592913A1 (de) 1971-04-22
PL72551B1 (pl) 1974-08-30
CS176104B2 (pl) 1977-06-30
ES327396A1 (es) 1967-03-16
GB1150362A (en) 1969-04-30
DE1592913B2 (de) 1979-04-05
NL148644B (nl) 1976-02-16

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