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US3386142A - Strand treatment process and apparatus - Google Patents

Strand treatment process and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3386142A
US3386142A US567245A US56724566A US3386142A US 3386142 A US3386142 A US 3386142A US 567245 A US567245 A US 567245A US 56724566 A US56724566 A US 56724566A US 3386142 A US3386142 A US 3386142A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
strand
chamber
rate
crimped
accumulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US567245A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert K Stanley
Malcolm F Irwin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Techniservice Corp
Original Assignee
Techniservice Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US401160A priority Critical patent/US3279025A/en
Application filed by Techniservice Corp filed Critical Techniservice Corp
Priority to US567245A priority patent/US3386142A/en
Priority to BE688059D priority patent/BE688059A/xx
Priority to GB45427/66A priority patent/GB1158488A/en
Priority to DK532666AA priority patent/DK124343B/da
Priority to NL666614493A priority patent/NL148961B/xx
Priority to FR80237A priority patent/FR1496698A/fr
Priority to DE19661660649 priority patent/DE1660649A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3386142A publication Critical patent/US3386142A/en
Priority to US815425A priority patent/US3570084A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/125—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including means for monitoring or controlling yarn processing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in treatment of textile strands (as therein set forth) by compressive crimping thereof, as in a stuffer crimper.
  • Strand to be crimped is fed continuously at a preadjusted, essentially constant rate into a laterally confining region having an entrance and an exit to accumulate temporarily therein, the resulting strand accumulation therein being forced toward the exit by additional strand fed thereagainst at the entrance to the region, and crimped strand is withdrawn at an essentially constant rate, which is lower than the feed rate, and out of the exit by application of winding tension and essentially free from other tension application at and after the exit.
  • the degree of crimp is controlled by adjusting the windup rate to different constant values.
  • Conventional windup means and methods involve synchronization of strand windup rate and infeed rate.
  • it is known to control the windup or the infeed rate (or both) in response to a sensing of the accumulation of crimped strand in either the confining region or an extension thereof or other holdup location.
  • the object is to prevent both over-accumulation of crimped strand, which might result in overflow and entanglement or breakage during windup, and underaccumulation thereof, which might withdraw uncrimped as well as crimped strand, resulting in serious non-uniformity of crimping treatment.
  • a primary object of the present invention is enhanced uniformity in compressive crimping of a textile strand.
  • Another object is simplification in strand windup in stutter-crimping apparatus and procedure.
  • a further object is improved control of the degree or extent of staffer-crimp in crimped textile strands.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the processing of a textile strand according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation, partly cut away, of apparatus of this invention in further detail, with strand shown passing therethrough;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the apparatus and strand of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan of the apparatus of FIGS. 2 and 3, with the strand omitted for clarity;
  • FIG. 5 is a plan, partly cut away to show the interior, of component apparatus taken at V-V on FIG. 3.
  • the objects of the present invention are accomplished, in compressive crimping of a textile strand, by feeding the strand continuously at an essentially constant rate into a laterally confining region to accumulate temporarily therein and forcing the strand accumulation therein toward the exit therefrom by additional strand fed thereagainst at the entrance to the region, the strand accumulation being largely or preferably entirely unconfined ahead thereof and at the exit from the region, and withdrawing the strand therefrom at a somewhat lower constant rate, which can be adjusted within rather wide limits.
  • FIG. 1 shows, schematically, strand l0 unwinding from conical package 11 to pass through guide 12 and successive pairs of rolls 13, 13 and 15, 15', with heater 14 for the strand intervening between the respective pairs .of rolls.
  • Crimped strand 10 is wound up from the exit of the chamber onto cylindrical package 26 by grooved traversing drive roll 19.
  • FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 show stutter-crimping components and associated elements (FIGS. 2 and 3 only) of the same apparatus in front and side elevation and plan, respectively.
  • Part of chamber 18 is cut away in FIG. 2 to reveal crimped strand 10' and accumulation thereof in bore 28 of the chamber, which is shown in the shape of a square cylinder.
  • the chamber in the elevational views of FIGS. 2 and 3 is broken away in vertical extent to conserve space in the drawing.
  • Strand it after passing between nip rolls I5, 15' passes through strand-traversing means 16, which is slotted to receive it (as shown in FIG. 5) and into the nip of feed rolls 17, 17'.
  • the entering strand meets with resistance provided by the previously accumulated strand and buckles back and forth upon itself into a modified sawtooth or zigzag configuration or crimp.
  • the strand accumulation is forced along through the bore toward the exit therefrom.
  • the exit end of the chamber bore located at the same level as the entrance in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and at a level vertically above the level of the entrance inthe embodiment (which may be otherwise the same) shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, is unobstructed, as is the rest of the bore.
  • Crimped strand is withdrawn at a constant or fixed rate, which is adjustable as desired, from strand accumulation 100 inside and is wound up onto bobbin or like package 20, which is rotated by contact with the surface of rotating drive roll 19.
  • the drive roll is grooved helically from end to end, the groove reversing direction at each end, and thereby is adapted to tra verse the strand passing over it and through the groove on its way to the package.
  • the adjustable constant-rate drive means for the self-traversing drive roll is conventional in design, and therefore, not shown. The same is true of drive means for the other rolls (some of which may not be driven at all), but the drive means for the feed rolls of the stuffer-crimper is shown in some detail to aid understanding thereof.
  • Chamber 13 into which the strand is stuffed and in which it assumes crimped configuration, is supported on the front wall of frame 22, which has an inverted U- shape in side elevation.
  • Shafts 27, 2'7 for respective feed rolls 17, 17 are journaled in the front and rear walls of the frame and have intermeshing gears 37, 37 thereon behind the rear wall of the frame.
  • Shaft 27' also has pulley 29 thereon.
  • Motor 31 on the horizontal upper surface of the frame has shaft 32 on which is pulley 33.
  • the direction of rotation is such as to feed or stuff the strand by and between the counter-rotating feed rolls into the entrance of the chamber.
  • the infeed rate is normally constant, although it may be adjustable to different rates to accommodate different strands or changes in operating conditions.
  • Strand-traversing means 16 through which strand 10 passes before entering the nip of feed rolls 1'7, 17, is a device for vibrating the strand back and forth along the roll nip, as is desirable to assure distribution thereof transversely of chamber 18 in which it accumulates in crimped configuration.
  • the strand-traversing means which appears in plan (partly in section) in FIG. 5, comprises housing 41, with aligned pair of slots 4-2 through its top and bottom walls near one side wall and in line with the strand path between the nip of rolls 1'5, and the center of the nip of feed rolls 1'7, 17'.
  • Strand 10 is shown in solid lines centered in the slot, and in broken lines at two extreme positions nearer but not touching the ends of the slot, representing the extreme positions between which it vibrates about the center position.
  • Extending from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing on the opposite side of the pair of slots from the nearby end wall is post 43.
  • Extending from the far end wall to the post and from the top to the bottom walls and attached to each by flexible margin 45 is diaphragm 44, which is parallel to the side walls and divides the major part of the housing into two compartments intercom municating only by way of the minor part or passageway between the post and the near end wall.
  • Solenoid 46 which has armature 47 attached to diaphragm 44, vibrates the diaphragm of strand-traversing means 16 at a suitable frequency, pulsing air back and forth between the two compartments past the strand traveling through the slotted minor part of the housing and vibrating it; the slots are sufliciently smaller in area than the passageway provided by that minor portion that only a small fraction of the moving air passes through the slots. As it vibrates, the strand travels back and forth along the nip of the feed rolls at the frequency of vibration, which may be the casual power frequency of fifty or sixty cycles per second or any other suitable frequency.
  • the strand is wound up from the accumulation in the chamber at a constant rate sufficient to keep it at some distance from the end of the chamber, usually within the range of from about two-thirds to about nine-tenths of the infeed rate.
  • No means or method for synchronizing windup and feed rates is required, as the crimped strand will accumulate to a substantially constant level in the chamber, rising only slightly thereabove and falling only slightly therebelow, that level being determined by the windup rate and, of course, by the physical characteristics of the strand, as well as the temperature, wall friction, etc. Adjustment of the windup rate permits control of the degree or extent of crimp in the strand, the rate and the crimp varying inversely with respect to one another.
  • a high windup rate produces a low level of strand in the chamber and a decreased degree of crimp, as compared with a high level of strand and increased crimp at a lower windup rate.
  • Degree of crimp may be determined by any conventional method, and high crimp may be apparent in part as reduced crimp leg length, reduced angle between adjacent legs, increased crimp retention under tension, or any combination of these with one another, or possibly other crimp characteristics.
  • Strand crimped according to the present invention is free of undesirable irregularities attributable to uneven application of back-pressure by devices such as have been used in conventional stuffer-crimping apparatus or to uneven application of heat to the strand therein.
  • Heater 14 heats the strand to desirable crimping temperature (e.g., 150350 F.), and the stuffing chamber may be heated, as by a heating jacket or by resistance coils in the chamber wall (neither shown) to preclude cooling or excessive cooling of the strand in the chamber, although it normally will be at an appreciable lower temperature at the exit (e.g., about F than at the entrance of the chamber.
  • Any suitable means may be used to preheat the strand, such as hot rolls, a heated chamber, etc. instead of the illustrated bar type of heater.
  • the actual heater temperature will depend upon the degree of lubrication (if any) and rate of travel of the strand (1000-2000 yards or meters per minute is preferred) as well as upon the strand composition and denier, the chamber composition, and the method of heating (conduction, convection, radiation, etc.).
  • the stufiing chamber and other apparatus elements may be made of steel or other durable material.
  • the inside wall of the chamber may be coated (e.g., with tetrafiuoroethylene) to reduce the coefiicient of friction, in which event the chamber should be lengthened accordingly.
  • a chamber length of about a yard or meter inner width about A inch for use with strands of about 10 to 100 denier has proved suitable for nylon and other commonly available textile strand materials.
  • the improvement comprising feeding the strand continuously into the bottom end of a laterally confining region to accumulate temporarily therein, utilizing at least principally friction of lateral confinement of the strand accumulation therein to apply crimping backpressure to the strand being fed into the region, and removing strand therefrom by winding it up from the leading edge of the strand accumulation, controlling the degree of crimp imparted to the strand by adjusting the windup rate to a desired constant value, the windup rate being effective to maintain the top of the strand accumulation at a substantially constant level in the confining region.
  • a confining chamber having a bore therethrough open at both ends, a pair of nip rolls juxtaposed to the entrance end of the chamber bore and adapted to feed strand at a constant rate into the chamber bore to accumulate tempo rarily and be crimped therein, and means for withdrawing crimped strand therefrom at a constant rate that is lower than the feed rate, and excluding strand-impeding means at the exit end of the chamber bore and between the exit end and the withdrawing means spaced therefrom.
  • the apparatus of claim 8 including means for rotating the pair of nip rolls to feed strand upward into the chamber at a rate within the range of about one-tenth to about one-half greater than the windup rate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US567245A 1964-10-02 1966-07-22 Strand treatment process and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3386142A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US401160A US3279025A (en) 1964-10-02 1964-10-02 Strand treatment process and apparatus
US567245A US3386142A (en) 1966-07-22 1966-07-22 Strand treatment process and apparatus
BE688059D BE688059A (xx) 1966-07-22 1966-10-10
GB45427/66A GB1158488A (en) 1966-07-22 1966-10-11 Crimping of Textile Strands
DK532666AA DK124343B (da) 1966-07-22 1966-10-14 Fremgangsmåde til krusning af tekstilgarn ved opstuvning og apparat til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden.
NL666614493A NL148961B (nl) 1966-07-22 1966-10-14 Werkwijze voor het stuikkroezen van garen, alsmede garen verkregen volgens deze werkwijze.
FR80237A FR1496698A (fr) 1966-07-22 1966-10-17 Procédé et appareil pour le frisage par tassement des textiles
DE19661660649 DE1660649A1 (de) 1966-07-22 1966-10-17 Faden-Behandlung
US815425A US3570084A (en) 1966-07-22 1969-04-11 Strand treatment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US567245A US3386142A (en) 1966-07-22 1966-07-22 Strand treatment process and apparatus
US81542569A 1969-04-11 1969-04-11

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US04401160 Continuation-In-Part 1969-10-02

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US68811967A Continuation-In-Part 1967-12-05 1967-12-05

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US3386142A true US3386142A (en) 1968-06-04

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US567245A Expired - Lifetime US3386142A (en) 1964-10-02 1966-07-22 Strand treatment process and apparatus
US815425A Expired - Lifetime US3570084A (en) 1966-07-22 1969-04-11 Strand treatment

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US815425A Expired - Lifetime US3570084A (en) 1966-07-22 1969-04-11 Strand treatment

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US (2) US3386142A (xx)
BE (1) BE688059A (xx)
DE (1) DE1660649A1 (xx)
DK (1) DK124343B (xx)
GB (1) GB1158488A (xx)
NL (1) NL148961B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499953A (en) * 1966-04-05 1970-03-10 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3500518A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-03-17 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment method and apparatus
US8046885B1 (en) * 2008-06-02 2011-11-01 Superba Apparatus and methods for crimping textile threads

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3831231A (en) * 1969-08-08 1974-08-27 Fiber Industries Inc Method for producing a yarn having latent bulking characteristics
US3955253A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-05-11 Textured Yarn Co. Strand treatment apparatus
EP1512779A1 (de) * 2003-08-28 2005-03-09 Power-heat-set GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung eines langgestreckten Mediums

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046633A (en) * 1959-03-16 1962-07-31 Chori Co Ltd Apparatus for producing crimped thermoplastic synthetic yarns
CA679584A (en) * 1964-02-04 Iwnicki Kurt Crimping of yarn
US3279025A (en) * 1964-10-02 1966-10-18 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment process and apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA679584A (en) * 1964-02-04 Iwnicki Kurt Crimping of yarn
US3046633A (en) * 1959-03-16 1962-07-31 Chori Co Ltd Apparatus for producing crimped thermoplastic synthetic yarns
US3279025A (en) * 1964-10-02 1966-10-18 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment process and apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499953A (en) * 1966-04-05 1970-03-10 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3500518A (en) * 1967-12-05 1970-03-17 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment method and apparatus
US8046885B1 (en) * 2008-06-02 2011-11-01 Superba Apparatus and methods for crimping textile threads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1158488A (en) 1969-07-16
US3570084A (en) 1971-03-16
DK124343B (da) 1972-10-09
BE688059A (xx) 1967-03-16
NL148961B (nl) 1976-03-15
DE1660649A1 (de) 1971-04-22
NL6614493A (xx) 1968-01-23

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