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US3369981A - Method of treating textile materials of animal origin, notably wool - Google Patents

Method of treating textile materials of animal origin, notably wool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3369981A
US3369981A US654474A US65447467A US3369981A US 3369981 A US3369981 A US 3369981A US 654474 A US654474 A US 654474A US 65447467 A US65447467 A US 65447467A US 3369981 A US3369981 A US 3369981A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wool
treated
electrodes
textile materials
notably
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US654474A
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English (en)
Inventor
Levaux Robert
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/10—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by electric discharge treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/26—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet
    • B26F1/28—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet by electrical discharges
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
    • H05F1/00—Preventing the formation of electrostatic charges
    • H05F1/02—Preventing the formation of electrostatic charges by surface treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2313/00—Use of textile products or fabrics as reinforcement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D06M2101/08—Esters or ethers of cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/34—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/45—Shrinking resistance, anti-felting properties

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of treating textile materials of animal origin, notably wool, with a view to modify their molecular and cellular structure.
  • vtextile materials can be treated in the free atmosphere.
  • the method of treating textile materials of animal origin is characterized in that there is produced between two electrodes, inthe free atmosphere, a shower of sparks creating between these electrodes a temperature low enough to preclude any deterioration of the treated textile libres, and that the textile material is caused to pass through said spark shower.
  • the method of this invention affords a substantial increment in the coeicient of friction, or of the D.F.E.
  • the increase in this coeicient entails an improvement in the spinning capacity, in the dynamometric strength of the yarns and in their elongation, a reduction in the number of breakings under spinning conditions, and it also permits the use of shorter wool fibres for producing a same article.
  • the spark action causes a reduction in the static electricity at all stages of the manufacture.
  • the spark emission is attended by the production of a considerable quantity of negative electricity attracted in turn at high speed by the positive terminal of the ground connection.
  • the negative electrons from the wool Fice are entrained and impart to the assembly the positive charge of the proton.
  • the method of this invention permits of obtaining the same yarn shrinkage rate as that obtained in the case of unshrinkable treated yarns by applying conventional chemical processes, but without the known inconveniences characterizing these processes. It is also attended by a reduction in the felt-like appearance, without 'impairing the improvements in spinning capacity as mentioned hereinabove. It further reduces curling and permits of obtaining a neat appearance in the mesh or texture of the fabric.
  • FIGURE 1 is a wiring diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the method of this invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagram showing an industrial plant for carrying out the method of this invention.
  • the apparatus illustrated in the drawing comprises an A.C. generator 1 of any 4known and suitable type.
  • the output of this generator 1 is connected to an electrode 2 constituting the receiving electrode, which registers with another electrode 3 referred to hereinafter as the etiiux electrode.
  • the textile material to be treated (such as wool) is designated diagrammatically in the form of a web, strip or ribbon 4 travelling between the electrodes 2 and 3, under the control of feed rollers 5.
  • the A.C. voltage generated by the generator 1 is suf- Iicient to produce between the electrodes 2 and 3 a shower of sparks owing through the textile web 4 to be treated, the spark generation being attended by the production of ozone.
  • the A.C. current fed across the electrodes 2 and 3 may be as high as, and even higher than, 100,000 volts and the frequency of the current may be of the order of 500 kHz.
  • these values should not be construed as limiting the present invention for other frequency values may be used.
  • the voltage must be greater than that necessary to produce a disruptive discharge in air between the electrodes 2 and 3.
  • the output current of generator 4 which has a very low intensity is channelled towards the receiving electrode 2. If it is desired to check the maximum strength of the current owing to the ground, the latter is connected directly to the out-put of generator 1 by interposing a milliammeter and eliminating all connections between this output and the receiving electrode 2.
  • the current strength measured on the milliammeter dial is in the average only 35 milliamperes. This current strength may vary to a small extent and the best measurements gave 30 milliamperes.
  • the receiving electrode 2 may be constructed as Shown by way of example in the drawing, this form of embodiment being given of course -by way of illustration.
  • a solid or perforated metal plate 2a is sandwiched Ibetween a glass plate 2b at the top and a mica-glass plate 2c at the bottom.
  • This electrode 2 may be replaced by any other known device or arrangement giving similar results.
  • This electrode 2 must be capable of discharging itself at well-defined points and in a predetermined direction.
  • the second or eiux electrode 3 is disposed parallel to the receiving electrode 2, and constructed for example as follows: a glass plate 3u is Supported by conducting metal tubes 3b (or solid metal rods), of copper, silver, bronze, aluminum, etc., these tubes or rods 3b being grounded.
  • This form of embodiment of the electrode 3 is not compulsory and a modification thereof may consist in replacing the straight tubes 3b with curved tubes or alternately the metal could be distributed under the glass plate 3a according to any suitable pattern.
  • the tubes 3b may also ⁇ be replaced 'by a single metal plate, whether solid or hollow, covering the complete surface area of glass plate 3a.
  • the insulating plate 3a may be replaced by a sheath also made of dielectric material and receiving the metal tubes 3b therein.
  • these may be xed or rotatable.
  • the electrodes 2 and 3 may also consist of rotary cylinders associated by pairs and between which the textile material to ⁇ be treated in caused to travel.
  • This arrangement which is used in a commercial application, is illustrated diagrammatically in FIGURE 2.
  • the textile web 4 travels ⁇ between several successive pairs of lower and upper cylinders 7, 8 rotatably mounted in a suitable frame structure.
  • These cylinders 7 and 8 consist respectively of internal metal tubes 7a, 8a covered or lined with sheaths 7b, 8b of dielectric material. All'the metal tubes 7a of the lower cylinders 7 constituting in this case the receiving electrode 2 are connected in common to the output terminal of the A.C. generator 1, and all the metal tubes 8a of the upper cylinders constituting the etilux electrode 3 are grounded.
  • the receiving electrode 2, as well as the eiilux electrode 3, may be of plane, curved, spherical, corrugated or other configuration. In this case the two electrodes 2 and 3 must fit into each other, irrespective of their shape.
  • the textile material to be treaated which is in any desired form (worsted, carded, ribbons, fabric, yarns, knitted fabric), is fed through the gap formed between the electrodes 2 and 3 vby any suitable mechanical means.
  • This textile material 4 travels between the electrodes and is pulled by a pair of rollers 5, adequate means being provided, if desired, for varying the feed rate.
  • the output current of generator 1 is adjusted to keep the temperature between the electrodes 2 and 3 at a value lower than that likely to damage the treated material.
  • the temperature between the electrodes 2 and 3 ⁇ should preferably not exceed 50 C. during the treatment, to avoid any damage to the material, if the exposure time ranges from about 30 to 60 seconds, ⁇ but temperature in excess of 100 C. may be used if the exposure time is less than 30 seconds.
  • the temperature increment may constitute an advantageous factor.
  • the dimensional stability or I.W.S. test is carried out on a piece of worsted wool having a well-defined length which is introduced into Ia sheath of unshrinkable cotton. Then the sample is washed and the piece of worsted wool is measured after washing.
  • Table I hereinafter correspond to a 30-second exposure of the wool samples to the action of sparks at a temperature combs 6 following the contour (in plan view) of the 45 of about 40.
  • Table II shows the inliuence of the treatment time in the case of a worsted wool sample submitted to the action of sparks respectively during 23-second and 46-second time periods.
  • Method of treating textile materials of animal origin which comprises the steps of applying between two electrodes a potential greater than that necessary to produce a disruptive discharge at a high frequency and a low intensity current so as to produce, in the free atmosphere, a shower of sparks creating between said electrodes a temperature low enough to avoid any deterioration of the treated textile fibres, and causing the textile material to pass through said spark shower.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US654474A 1962-08-16 1967-07-19 Method of treating textile materials of animal origin, notably wool Expired - Lifetime US3369981A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR907021A FR1338929A (fr) 1962-08-16 1962-08-16 Procédé pour le traitement de matières et produits textiles
FR932231A FR83925E (fr) 1962-08-16 1963-04-22 Procédé pour le traitement de matières et produits textiles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3369981A true US3369981A (en) 1968-02-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US654474A Expired - Lifetime US3369981A (en) 1962-08-16 1967-07-19 Method of treating textile materials of animal origin, notably wool

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3369981A (cs)
AT (1) AT280201B (cs)
BE (1) BE635191A (cs)
CH (1) CH400088A (cs)
DE (1) DE1460636A1 (cs)
FI (1) FI41529B (cs)
FR (2) FR1338929A (cs)
GB (1) GB1057890A (cs)
NL (1) NL296674A (cs)
SE (1) SE304745B (cs)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632299A (en) * 1969-09-19 1972-01-04 Us Agriculture Shrinkproofing of animal fibers by passing said through an electrical discharge zone containing ozone
US5160592A (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-11-03 Ivanovsky Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Experimentalno-Konstruktorsky Institut Method for treatment of moving substrate by electric discharge plasma and device therefor
US5688465A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of corona treating a hydrophobic sheet material
WO2011044859A1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Masarykova Univerzita An apparatus and method for improving felting properties of animal fibres by plasma treatment
US9321027B2 (en) * 2010-02-02 2016-04-26 Veneto Nanotech S.C.P.A. Machine and method for atmospheric plasma treatment of continuous substrates
US10218154B2 (en) 2013-03-19 2019-02-26 Tresu A/S Unit and method for corona treatment
WO2020216675A3 (de) * 2019-04-26 2020-12-17 Hochschule Für Angewandte Wissenschaft Und Kunst Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen Vorrichtung zum behandeln von textilien mit einem physikalischen plasma

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4334144A (en) * 1980-04-07 1982-06-08 Ezio Ferrarini Corona effect surface treatment apparatus for sheet
CZ281826B6 (cs) * 1993-10-27 1997-02-12 Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Katedra Fyzikální Elektroniky Přírod. Fakulty Způsob bělení a zvyšování adheze vlákenných materiálů k barvivům
WO1997011834A1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of corona treating a hydrophobic sheet material

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2977475A (en) * 1958-04-30 1961-03-28 Inst Textile De France Method of and apparatus for processing textile fibre materials

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2977475A (en) * 1958-04-30 1961-03-28 Inst Textile De France Method of and apparatus for processing textile fibre materials

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3632299A (en) * 1969-09-19 1972-01-04 Us Agriculture Shrinkproofing of animal fibers by passing said through an electrical discharge zone containing ozone
US5160592A (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-11-03 Ivanovsky Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Experimentalno-Konstruktorsky Institut Method for treatment of moving substrate by electric discharge plasma and device therefor
US5688465A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of corona treating a hydrophobic sheet material
WO2011044859A1 (en) * 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Masarykova Univerzita An apparatus and method for improving felting properties of animal fibres by plasma treatment
US9321027B2 (en) * 2010-02-02 2016-04-26 Veneto Nanotech S.C.P.A. Machine and method for atmospheric plasma treatment of continuous substrates
US10218154B2 (en) 2013-03-19 2019-02-26 Tresu A/S Unit and method for corona treatment
WO2020216675A3 (de) * 2019-04-26 2020-12-17 Hochschule Für Angewandte Wissenschaft Und Kunst Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen Vorrichtung zum behandeln von textilien mit einem physikalischen plasma

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR83925E (fr) 1964-11-06
DE1460636A1 (de) 1969-04-30
BE635191A (cs)
CH400088A (fr) 1965-06-30
SE304745B (cs) 1968-10-07
FR1338929A (fr) 1963-10-04
NL296674A (cs)
AT280201B (de) 1970-04-10
FI41529B (cs) 1969-09-01
GB1057890A (en) 1967-02-08

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