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US3234420A - Commutator brush unit - Google Patents

Commutator brush unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3234420A
US3234420A US86514A US8651461A US3234420A US 3234420 A US3234420 A US 3234420A US 86514 A US86514 A US 86514A US 8651461 A US8651461 A US 8651461A US 3234420 A US3234420 A US 3234420A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
commutator
gauze
supports
roll
brush unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US86514A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lindner Josef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DEW27183A external-priority patent/DE1130515B/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3234420A publication Critical patent/US3234420A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/39—Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators
    • H02K5/145—Fixedly supported brushes or brush holders, e.g. leaf or leaf-mounted brushes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • H02K5/143—Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders for cooperation with commutators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in cornmutator brushes, especially for miniature motors, and more particularly to a brush of the type consisting of a leaf spring and a gauze of thin, highly conductive wire which is secured to this spring.
  • Such commutator brushes have to comply generally with the following requirements.
  • the contact resistance and the friction between the brushes and the commutator must be very small in order to insure that the brushes will last for a long time. Furthermore, the. brushes should produce very little noise.
  • Most of the commutator brushes of this type which are already known comply with these requirements to some extent.
  • the wire gauze is soldered along its entire surface to the leaf spring.
  • the contact resistance and the coefficient of friction of these known brushes is relatively small, it is always found when they are used in a continuous operation, especially if the brushes do not fully engagewith the commutator, that the current load on individual points of the wire gauze is very high so that the losses due to abrasion and burning-off are also very high.
  • this object will be attained by providing the wire. gauze in the form of a bandlike strip and by providing the leaf springs at both sides of the commutator with projecting edges on which the bandlike gauze is supported when it is pressed by the respective leaf spring against the commutator. ,Since the wire gauze possesses a certain amount of elasticity, it will to some extent also yield elastically under the pressure which is exerted by the leaf springs, and it will therefore engage with the commutator under a certain initial tension and at a relatively large looping angle.
  • the specific current load will be very small so that, at a proper contact between the wire gauze and the commutator, the contact resistance and friction will be very small and the arcing as well as the losses due to abrasion and burning-off will be reduced to a minimum.
  • each leaf spring is bent at its end .portion adjacent to the commutator so as to have a shallow U-sha-pe so that the ends of the side arms of this U-shaped portion will form the supporting edges.
  • the bandlike gauze strip which may consist of one or several layers only needs to be secured to the leaf spring at a point spaced from the U-shaped end portion, and it may be either soldered or riveted thereto.
  • the installation of the commutator brushes will be greatly facilitated by securing the leaf springs at their ends where they are free of wire gauze to a supporting plate or bracket of plastic.
  • the springs may, for example, be secured in the supporting bracket by injection molding, although they may, of course, also be clamped within the supporting bracket.
  • For attaining a very simple electrical connection of each leaf spring it is provided with a rectangular projection which serves as a soldering terminal and is bent over for securing the leaf spring which is clamped into the supporting bracket.
  • 'Ihis bracket may also be provided with a pair of lateral bores for mounting it in a fixed position.
  • Another feature of the invention consists in making the bandlike wire-gauze strip in the form of a flat roll which consists of several layers or windings and the central axis of which rests on the leaf spring in the longitudinal direction thereof, while one of its ends is secured to the leaf spring.
  • a further feature of the invention resides in simplifying the manufacture and assembly of the commutator brush unit by soldering or welding the roll of wire gauze to each leaf spring at the end of the roll which faces toward the free end of the leaf spring.
  • the brushes according to the invention are made of bandlike wire-gauze stripes which are wound into rolls which are flattened either by being wound in a flat condition or by being pressed flat after being wound in order to attain the largest possible contact surface relative to the commutator.
  • the gauze strip in-ce such a fiat roll consists of a large number of windings or layers, the gauze strip has the advantage of being very elastic.
  • the commutator brushes according to the invention have a very long life due to the fact that the motor may run for a very long time until all of the layers of wire gauze will be worn through.
  • the fine metal dust which is formed by the abrasion of the wire gauze becomes firmly deposited in the pores of the gauze and thereby increases the surface area of the brushes which, in turn, results in a reduction of the contact resistance on the commutator.
  • the fine metal dust is therefore absorbed by the gauze and will therefore not be deposited at any other places, such as on the hearings or on points of insulation where it mightform conductive bridges and cause insulation failures.
  • the abrasion of the wire gauze results in a reduction of the contact pressure caused by the leaf springs, since the springs will then move more closely to the commutator whereby their tension will be decreased. This reduction of the contact pressure would normally result in an increase in the contact resistance.
  • FIGURE 1 shows'aside view of a commutator brush unit .according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 shows thebrushesaccording to FIGURE 1 in engagement withna commutator
  • FIGURE 3 shows a cross section taken along line IIIIII of. FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE4 shows aside view of a modification'of the commutator-brush unit according to the invention
  • FIGURE 5 shows the brushes according to FIGURE'4 in engagement with a commutator
  • FIGURE 6 shows a cross section taken along line VI-VI of FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 7 shows a top view of the supporting bracket with commutator'brushes according to FIGURES 1, 2, 4, and 5 inserted therein;
  • FIGURE 8 shows a band of gauze of-fine copper wire
  • FIGURE 9 shows the band of wire gauze according to'. FIGURE 8 after it is wound to form a roll;
  • FIGURElO shows a cross section taken along line X- X of FIGURE 9;
  • FIGURE 11 shows a side view of another modification of the commutator brush unit according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 12 shows the brushes according to FIGURE 11in engagementwith a commutator
  • FIGURE 13 shows a cross-section taken along line XI-II'XIII of FIGURE 12; while FIGURE 14shows. a top view of the commutator brush unit. according to FIGURE 11.
  • the commutator brush unit according to the invention as illustrated in FIGURES Ito 7 consists of a pair of leafsprings Land-2 and of strips 5 and 6 of wire gauze which are'soldered toleaf springs 1 and 2 at 3 and 4. As indicated in these drawings, gauze strips'5-and'6 consistof two superimposed layers.
  • the lower end portionsiof leafsprings"1 and 2 are substantially U-shaped so that on each spring a pair of edges"7,8 or-9, 10, respectively, is formed. These edges engage with and support the gauze strips 5 and 6 when the latter are pressed against the commutator 11, as indicated in FIGURES 2, 3, 5, and 6 in dot-and-dash lines.
  • Gauze strips 5 and 6 thereforedo not-engage withleaf springs 1 and 2 within the area inter-mediate the edges'7 and 8 or 9 and of the springs.
  • Edges 8 and 10 may also be rounded off or they maybe bent so as to be rounded.
  • they may be provided with slots 12 and 13 intermediate the edges'7, 8 and 9, 10, respectively.
  • the gauze strips 5 and 6 are soldered to the edges-8 and 10 of leaf springs 1 and 2 so that, when these gauze strips are pressed against the commutator 11, the U-shaped ends of leaf springs 1 and 2 will be bent in the longitudinal direction, as shown'particularly in FIGURE 5.
  • This embodiment has the advantage'that, When'the commutator brushes are inserted into the motor,
  • leaf springs 1 and 2 At the upper ends of leaf springs 1 and 2 which are free of the gauze strips, the springs are inserted and secured in oblique slots 14 and 15 in a supporting bracket 16 which consists of plastic. Slots 14 .and 15 are made of a sufiicient width so as also to accommodate clamping strips 17 therein by means of which leaf springs 1 and 2 may be clamped securely to bracket 16. These clamping strips 17 are illustrated particularly in FIG- URES 3 and 6.
  • leaf springs 1 and'2 are provided with rectangular extensions 18 which project through the slots 19' in supporting bracket 16.
  • Clamping strips 17 are also provided with extensions 2t which likewise engage into slots 19 of bracket 16 for clamping the extensions 18 of the leaf's prings.
  • FIGURE 8 illustrates a strip 23 which c'onsistsof Arte gauze of thin copper wire.
  • This strip 23' is then'wound up to form a fiat roll 24, as shown in FIGURES 9 and 10 which consists of several windings.
  • a pair of such rolls 24 is placed upon leaf springs25 and 26,-as shown in FIGURES 11 to 13 and they are then either welded or soldered to the lower ends of the springs at 27 and-28.
  • the upper ends'29 and 30 of leaf springs25 and'26 are bent over, and these bent portions are secured to a solid strip of insulating material, such as hard paper or the like.
  • a pair of conductors 32 and 33 may be soldered to the bent-over ends of springs 25 and 26.
  • a commutator brush unit fora miniature motor comprising a pair of swingable supports, a separate elastic strip of wire gauze secured to each of said supports,'each of said strips consisting of a flat roll of thin. highly conductive wire having a plurality of windingsand extending in the longitudinal direction of said support, said'supports having edge portions engaging with and acting upon said rolls when said rolls are pressed by saidsupportsagainst the opposite sides of a commutator, whereby said rolls yieldably engage large surfaces of the commutator, each roll being merely secured to its support at the free end thereof, while the remainder of said'roll merely restson its support in the longitudinal direction thereof, and means for securing the other ends of said supports in a fixed position relatively to each other.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
US86514A 1960-02-04 1961-02-01 Commutator brush unit Expired - Lifetime US3234420A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEW27183A DE1130515B (de) 1960-02-04 1960-02-04 Kollektorbuersten, insbesondere fuer Kleinstmotoren
DEW28242A DE1200934B (de) 1960-02-04 1960-07-26 Kollektorbuersten, insbesondere fuer Kleinst-motoren
DEW29959A DE1286626B (de) 1960-02-04 1961-05-10 Kollektorbuersten, insbesondere fuer Kleinstmotoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3234420A true US3234420A (en) 1966-02-08

Family

ID=27213413

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US86514A Expired - Lifetime US3234420A (en) 1960-02-04 1961-02-01 Commutator brush unit

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3234420A (uk)
DE (2) DE1200934B (uk)
GB (1) GB919952A (uk)
NL (2) NL6513160A (uk)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475635A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-10-28 Tokyo Kagaku Kk Brush means for miniature motors
US3959679A (en) * 1972-11-21 1976-05-25 Sperry Rand Corporation Means for inhibiting the formation of friction polymers on brush and slip ring assemblies
US4037125A (en) * 1974-10-11 1977-07-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Small-sized direct current rotary electric appliance
US4085346A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-04-18 Aupac Kabushiki Kaisha Brush device for miniature electric motor
US4155023A (en) * 1975-08-13 1979-05-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush-holder for dynamo electric machines, particularly automotive-type three-phase alternators
US4238703A (en) * 1978-07-14 1980-12-09 Aupac Kabushiki Kaisha Brush device for a miniature electric motor
US4445746A (en) * 1981-10-27 1984-05-01 Delco Products Overseas Corporation Resilient metal contact brush
US4500804A (en) * 1981-10-28 1985-02-19 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Small electric motor
US4529899A (en) * 1981-04-01 1985-07-16 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Leaf brushes for small electric motor
US4574215A (en) * 1982-08-20 1986-03-04 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Brushgear for miniature motors
US5175464A (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for feeding a fluid medium acting as an electrolyte, especially a fuel
EP1317030A2 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 Stemmann-Technik GmbH Schleifringübertrager
US20130057109A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-07 Taiwan Long Hawn Enterprise Co. Brush holder of slip ring
US20180114608A1 (en) * 2015-07-27 2018-04-26 Hp Indigo B.V. Conductive plastic structure

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE304055C (uk) *
DE139325C (uk) *
US421320A (en) * 1890-02-11 Collecting-contact for electric machines
US599781A (en) * 1898-03-01 Current-collecting device
US1039467A (en) * 1908-01-10 1912-09-24 Willis Electric Meter Company Electricity-meter.
US1349523A (en) * 1920-08-10 Timer for automobiles
GB363212A (en) * 1931-02-06 1931-12-17 John Westmoreland Record Improvements relating to electric generator brushes
US2441210A (en) * 1945-01-24 1948-05-11 Bendix Aviat Corp Brush assembly
US2509931A (en) * 1946-12-10 1950-05-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Rotary multiple contactor
FR1145637A (fr) * 1956-03-14 1957-10-28 Moteur électrique miniature
US3060397A (en) * 1959-05-28 1962-10-23 Barden Corp Brush oscillating assembly

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE139043C (uk) *
DE249864C (uk) *
US1226130A (en) * 1914-10-10 1917-05-15 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Brush for electric machinery.
US1228484A (en) * 1916-03-17 1917-06-05 Edmund O Schweitzer Gauze brush.
US1548466A (en) * 1921-06-22 1925-08-04 Chas E Chapin & Co Brush for electrical machines
DE1675778U (de) * 1954-02-03 1954-05-06 Metz Transformatoren & App Kollektorbuerste fuer kleinstmotoren.
GB831333A (en) * 1956-05-17 1960-03-30 Mini Of Supply Improvements in or relating to dynamo electric machines embodying a commutator and brush gear
DE1788100U (de) * 1958-07-29 1959-05-06 Protona Produktionsgesellschaf Vorrichtung zur stromabnahme an rotierenden koerpern.

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE304055C (uk) *
DE139325C (uk) *
US421320A (en) * 1890-02-11 Collecting-contact for electric machines
US599781A (en) * 1898-03-01 Current-collecting device
US1349523A (en) * 1920-08-10 Timer for automobiles
US1039467A (en) * 1908-01-10 1912-09-24 Willis Electric Meter Company Electricity-meter.
GB363212A (en) * 1931-02-06 1931-12-17 John Westmoreland Record Improvements relating to electric generator brushes
US2441210A (en) * 1945-01-24 1948-05-11 Bendix Aviat Corp Brush assembly
US2509931A (en) * 1946-12-10 1950-05-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Rotary multiple contactor
FR1145637A (fr) * 1956-03-14 1957-10-28 Moteur électrique miniature
US3060397A (en) * 1959-05-28 1962-10-23 Barden Corp Brush oscillating assembly

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475635A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-10-28 Tokyo Kagaku Kk Brush means for miniature motors
US3959679A (en) * 1972-11-21 1976-05-25 Sperry Rand Corporation Means for inhibiting the formation of friction polymers on brush and slip ring assemblies
US4037125A (en) * 1974-10-11 1977-07-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Small-sized direct current rotary electric appliance
US4155023A (en) * 1975-08-13 1979-05-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush-holder for dynamo electric machines, particularly automotive-type three-phase alternators
US4085346A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-04-18 Aupac Kabushiki Kaisha Brush device for miniature electric motor
US4238703A (en) * 1978-07-14 1980-12-09 Aupac Kabushiki Kaisha Brush device for a miniature electric motor
US4529899A (en) * 1981-04-01 1985-07-16 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Leaf brushes for small electric motor
US4445746A (en) * 1981-10-27 1984-05-01 Delco Products Overseas Corporation Resilient metal contact brush
US4500804A (en) * 1981-10-28 1985-02-19 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Small electric motor
US4574215A (en) * 1982-08-20 1986-03-04 Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. Brushgear for miniature motors
US5175464A (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for feeding a fluid medium acting as an electrolyte, especially a fuel
EP1317030A2 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 Stemmann-Technik GmbH Schleifringübertrager
EP1317030A3 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-12-10 Stemmann-Technik GmbH Schleifringübertrager
US20130057109A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-07 Taiwan Long Hawn Enterprise Co. Brush holder of slip ring
US8836198B2 (en) * 2011-09-07 2014-09-16 Taiwan Long Hawn Enterprise Co. Brush holder of slip ring
US20180114608A1 (en) * 2015-07-27 2018-04-26 Hp Indigo B.V. Conductive plastic structure
US10541066B2 (en) * 2015-07-27 2020-01-21 Hp Indigo B.V. Conductive plastic structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6513160A (uk) 1965-12-27
GB919952A (en) 1963-02-27
DE1200934B (de) 1965-09-16
DE1286626B (de) 1969-01-09
NL130502C (uk) 1970-08-17

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