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US3118744A - Apparatus for evaporating volatile constituents from plastic, elastic and viscous materials - Google Patents

Apparatus for evaporating volatile constituents from plastic, elastic and viscous materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3118744A
US3118744A US94327A US9432761A US3118744A US 3118744 A US3118744 A US 3118744A US 94327 A US94327 A US 94327A US 9432761 A US9432761 A US 9432761A US 3118744 A US3118744 A US 3118744A
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United States
Prior art keywords
worms
housing
pair
elastic
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US94327A
Inventor
Erdmenger Rudolf
Oetke Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3118744A publication Critical patent/US3118744A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
    • F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
    • B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
    • B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for evaporating volatile constituents from plastic, elastic or viscous ma terials, for example polymerised materials, and consists of a trough-like hous ng formed with evaporation apertures and comprising a plurality of interengaging conveyor worms which are capable of being heated and which are arranged on the heated internal wall of the housing.
  • the worms are composed of pairs consisting of interengaging single worms rotating in the same direction, the said pairs in their turn being driven in an o; o site direction of rotation and being arranged symmetrically of the longitudinal axis of the housing in such a way that the innermost worms of the pairs are in contact longitudinally at the outside diameter.
  • the pairs of worms can be arranged in a horizontal plane, but they can also be in planes which form an upwardly open angle in relation to one another.
  • the composition is spread uniformly in a thin layer by the pairs of worms over the hot walls of the housing, is then drawn into the space between the two pairs of worms to form a bead which lies exposed in the evaporation shaft and is again spread towards opposite sides over -.he hot walls of the housing.
  • the material is thus guided in two cycles which contact one another in the middle of the shaft.
  • PEG. 1 is a longitudinal section through the evaporation device and FIG. 2 is a cross-section through this device in the direction of the line A-B.
  • the material is supplied to the worms through the union 5 on the housing, is t..l1en up by the pairs of worms in the gap 6 (FIG. 2) and is guided along the heated walls towards both sides, whereafter the volatile constituents escape upwardly through the evaporation shaft 7.
  • the latter is conveyed on both sides of the housing by each or" the pairs of worms 2, 2a and 3, with a downward incl nation towards the centre between the said pairs, where a bead 8 is formed.
  • This head of material is progressively drawn in between the innermost worm shafts 2a and 3a and decreases gradually in the conveying direction of the worms, corresponding to the progressive thickening of the material.
  • the concentrate is forced out through the housing aperture 9.
  • An evaporation apparatus comprising a housing having an inlet and outlet, 2. first and a second pair of worms rotatably mounted side by side in said housing, the Worms of said first pair having one direction of pitch and intermeshing with each other, the worms of said second pair having an opposite pitch and intermeshing with each other the innermost Worms oi each pair being positioned in non-intermeshing peripheral adjacency relation, the lower portion or" said housing forming a trough-shaped casing surrounding the lower portions of said worms, means for rotating said first pair of worms in one direction and said second pair of worms in the opposite direction, means for heating at least a portion of the wall of the housing adjacent said worms and means for removing vapor from the housing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Description

1964 R. ERDMENGER ETAL 3,113,744
APPARATUS F OR EVAPORATING VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS FROM PLASTIC, ELASTIC AND vlscous MATERIALS Filed March 8, ,1961
FIG .7
INVENTORS. WALTER OE TKE, RUDOLF EPDMENGER 6 W BY 2 ATTORNEYS United States Pate t AEPARATUS F012 EVAPURATKNG VQLATEE (ISN- SHTUENTS FRQM PLAE'HC, ELASTKI AND Vl= MATEREALS Rudolf Erdrnenger, Bergiseh-Giadbach, and Walter Oetite,
leverkusen-Wiesdorf, Germany, assignors to Fatherifahrilren Bayer Ahtiengesellschait, Leverhusen, Germany, a corporation of Germany Filed Ma. 8, 1961, Ser. No. 94,327
Claire ,riority, application Germany Mar. 16, 5.96%
4 Claims. (Ql. Se -133) The invention relates to an apparatus for evaporating volatile constituents from plastic, elastic or viscous ma terials, for example polymerised materials, and consists of a trough-like hous ng formed with evaporation apertures and comprising a plurality of interengaging conveyor worms which are capable of being heated and which are arranged on the heated internal wall of the housing.
With apparatus of this nature, the products expanding during the evaporation process are frequently forced into the evaporation apertures, the products being additionally driven by radial components. The blowing procedure occurs to an increased extent when operating under vacuum. The evaporation apertures become progressively clogged, since the product forced into them can only ilow more slowly back to the conveyor worms in proporion as the said product has become stiffer due to giving ofi vapour or suoseqient polymerisation. The sluggish return flow of components of the material produces the danger of these becoming chemically changed and impairm the quality of the fuel products.
it has now been found that these disadvantages are obviated if the worms are composed of pairs consisting of interengaging single worms rotating in the same direction, the said pairs in their turn being driven in an o; o site direction of rotation and being arranged symmetrically of the longitudinal axis of the housing in such a way that the innermost worms of the pairs are in contact longitudinally at the outside diameter. The pairs of worms can be arranged in a horizontal plane, but they can also be in planes which form an upwardly open angle in relation to one another. The effect hereby achieved is that the composition is spread uniformly in a thin layer by the pairs of worms over the hot walls of the housing, is then drawn into the space between the two pairs of worms to form a bead which lies exposed in the evaporation shaft and is again spread towards opposite sides over -.he hot walls of the housing. The material is thus guided in two cycles which contact one another in the middle of the shaft.
One embodiment of the invention is shown diagrammatically and by way of example in the drawing. PEG. 1 is a longitudinal section through the evaporation device and FIG. 2 is a cross-section through this device in the direction of the line A-B. The pairs of worns 2 and 2a, and 5 and 3:: respectively, revolve on the inside walls of a trough-like housing 1 which is provided with a heating jacket 1%; the pair of worms 2 and 2a and the pair of worms 3 and 3a each run in the same direction, but the direction of the pairs is opposite to one another, as will be seen from the arrows. The material is supplied to the worms through the union 5 on the housing, is t..l1en up by the pairs of worms in the gap 6 (FIG. 2) and is guided along the heated walls towards both sides, whereafter the volatile constituents escape upwardly through the evaporation shaft 7. During the axial conveyance of the composition, the latter is conveyed on both sides of the housing by each or" the pairs of worms 2, 2a and 3, with a downward incl nation towards the centre between the said pairs, where a bead 8 is formed. This head of material is progressively drawn in between the innermost worm shafts 2a and 3a and decreases gradually in the conveying direction of the worms, corresponding to the progressive thickening of the material. The concentrate is forced out through the housing aperture 9.
We claim:
1. An evaporation apparatus comprising a housing having an inlet and outlet, 2. first and a second pair of worms rotatably mounted side by side in said housing, the Worms of said first pair having one direction of pitch and intermeshing with each other, the worms of said second pair having an opposite pitch and intermeshing with each other the innermost Worms oi each pair being positioned in non-intermeshing peripheral adjacency relation, the lower portion or" said housing forming a trough-shaped casing surrounding the lower portions of said worms, means for rotating said first pair of worms in one direction and said second pair of worms in the opposite direction, means for heating at least a portion of the wall of the housing adjacent said worms and means for removing vapor from the housing.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said means for rotating said worms are means for rotating the worms so that the upper surfaces of the Worm pairs rotate to ward each other.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said worms are substantially parallelly positioned in said housing.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 in which said pairs of worms are positioned so that their axes lie in planes which forin an upwardly open angle relative to one another.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims (1)

1. AN EVAPORATION APPARATUS COMPRISING A HOUSING HAVING AN INLET AND OUTLET, A FIRST AND A SECOND PAIR OF WORMS ROTATABLY MOUNTED SIDE BY SIDE IN SAID HOUSING, THE WORMS OF SAID FIRST PAIR HAVING ONE DIRECTION OF PITCH AND INTERMESHING WITH EACH OTHER, THE WORMS OF SAID SECOND PAIR HAVING AN OPPOSITE PITCH AND INTERMESHING WITH EACH OTHER THE INNERMOST WORMS OF EACH PAIR BEING POSITIONED IN NON-INTERMESHING PERIPHERAL ADJACENCY RELATION, THE LOWER PORTION OF SAID HOUSING FORMING A TROUGH-SHAPED CASING SURROUNDING THE LOWER PORTIONS OF SAID WORMS, MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID FIRST PAIR OF WORMS IN ONE DIRECTION AND SAID SECOND PAIR OF WORMS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION, MEANS FOR HEATING AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE WALL OF THE HOUSING ADJACENT SAID WORMS AND MEANS FOR REMOVING VAPOR FROM THE HOUSING.
US94327A 1960-03-16 1961-03-08 Apparatus for evaporating volatile constituents from plastic, elastic and viscous materials Expired - Lifetime US3118744A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF30764A DE1111154B (en) 1960-03-16 1960-03-16 Device for evaporating volatile components from plastic, elastic or viscous substances

Publications (1)

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US3118744A true US3118744A (en) 1964-01-21

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DE (1) DE1111154B (en)
GB (1) GB918158A (en)
NL (2) NL136124C (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3280886A (en) * 1965-08-24 1966-10-25 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for the devolatilization of foamable viscous solutions
US3423842A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-01-28 Bayer Ag Process for concentrating by evaporation mixtures of silicon dust or residue and alkyl or aryl chlorosilanes
US3423841A (en) * 1966-01-25 1969-01-28 Werner & Pfleiderer Process and device for producing solid explosives and propellants from humid initial mixtures
US3427728A (en) * 1966-01-22 1969-02-18 Werner & Pfleiderer Screw conveyor with venting stacks
US3646689A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-03-07 Werner & Pfleiderer Continually operating fluidized bed dryer for drying loose material
US3809140A (en) * 1969-12-24 1974-05-07 Bayer Ag Concentration of materials
EP0092725A2 (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-02 Bayer Ag Discharge apparatus for highly viscous media in the chemical process technology
WO2005003663A2 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Inetec Limited Organic waste disposal
EP2261587A1 (en) * 2009-06-13 2010-12-15 EFU Engineering für Umwelttechnik GmbH Plant for drying sewage sludge

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1529994B1 (en) * 1965-06-26 1970-08-20 Kestermann Maschf Rolf Screw extruder
DE1554751B1 (en) * 1966-09-10 1971-01-07 Kestermann Maschf Rolf Screw extruder
DE2241111C2 (en) * 1972-08-22 1982-12-09 Yvan Freiburg-Schönberg Godar Double or multi-screw press for processing powdery plasticizable compounds
DE3520662A1 (en) * 1985-06-08 1987-01-02 Rudolf Paul Fritsch SHAFT SEAL FOR A DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PROCESSING HIGH VISCOSITY MEDIA, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH MOLECULAR POLYMERS
DE19655289B4 (en) * 1996-12-21 2012-02-16 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Apparatus and method for short path distillation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US192069A (en) * 1877-06-19 Improvement in grain conveyers and driers
AT35106B (en) * 1907-08-20 1908-11-10 Friedrich Wissiak Extrusion press.
US2935763A (en) * 1954-09-01 1960-05-10 Us Rubber Co Method of forming pellets of a synthetic rubber latex and a particulate resin
US2968836A (en) * 1957-11-14 1961-01-24 Lavorazione Mat Plastiche Sas Screw press for extruding plastic materials

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE813154C (en) * 1949-09-29 1951-09-06 Bayer Ag Mixing and kneading device
DE915689C (en) * 1951-12-30 1954-07-26 Bayer Ag Device for separating liquids or gases from tough, plastic or grainy masses
DE945086C (en) * 1953-07-22 1956-06-28 Bayer Ag Process for coating the individual particles of powdery, preferably agglomerated or agglomerating substances

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US192069A (en) * 1877-06-19 Improvement in grain conveyers and driers
AT35106B (en) * 1907-08-20 1908-11-10 Friedrich Wissiak Extrusion press.
US2935763A (en) * 1954-09-01 1960-05-10 Us Rubber Co Method of forming pellets of a synthetic rubber latex and a particulate resin
US2968836A (en) * 1957-11-14 1961-01-24 Lavorazione Mat Plastiche Sas Screw press for extruding plastic materials

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3280886A (en) * 1965-08-24 1966-10-25 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for the devolatilization of foamable viscous solutions
US3427728A (en) * 1966-01-22 1969-02-18 Werner & Pfleiderer Screw conveyor with venting stacks
US3423841A (en) * 1966-01-25 1969-01-28 Werner & Pfleiderer Process and device for producing solid explosives and propellants from humid initial mixtures
US3423842A (en) * 1967-04-26 1969-01-28 Bayer Ag Process for concentrating by evaporation mixtures of silicon dust or residue and alkyl or aryl chlorosilanes
US3646689A (en) * 1969-09-17 1972-03-07 Werner & Pfleiderer Continually operating fluidized bed dryer for drying loose material
US3809140A (en) * 1969-12-24 1974-05-07 Bayer Ag Concentration of materials
EP0092725A2 (en) * 1982-04-23 1983-11-02 Bayer Ag Discharge apparatus for highly viscous media in the chemical process technology
EP0092725A3 (en) * 1982-04-23 1986-01-08 Bayer Ag Discharge apparatus for highly viscous media in the chemical process technology
US4617089A (en) * 1982-04-23 1986-10-14 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for discharging high viscosity media in chemical engineering
WO2005003663A2 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Inetec Limited Organic waste disposal
WO2005003663A3 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-07-28 Inetec Ltd Organic waste disposal
US20070266589A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2007-11-22 Nicholas Philip C Organic Waste Disposal
EP2261587A1 (en) * 2009-06-13 2010-12-15 EFU Engineering für Umwelttechnik GmbH Plant for drying sewage sludge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB918158A (en) 1963-02-13
NL262464A (en) 1900-01-01
DE1111154B (en) 1961-07-20
NL136124C (en) 1900-01-01

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