US2936495A - Carding machines - Google Patents

Description

R. TAINE El AL May 17, 196.0

CARDING MACHINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 22, 1956 May 17, 1960 R. TAINE ErAL 2,936,495

CARDING MACHINES Filed March 22, 195e 2 sheets-sheet 2 .ZWl/E/VroR United Sates Patent O CARDING MACHINES Roger Taine, Wasquehal, and Jacques Pelissier, Castres, France Application March 22, 1956, Serial No. 573,247

Claims priority, application France April 8, 1955 1 2 Claims. (Cl. 19-100) This invention concerns the carding of natural, artificial or synthetic textile fibers such as wool, cotton, ax, tow, hemp, staple fiber, polyamide fibers, and so forth.

It is an object of the invention to provide improvements which allow the production of a carding machine to be greatly increased and at the same time to effect an improvement in the quality of the work effected by such a machine, that is, to enable a better divided and parali lelized product to be obtained on delivery from the machine. Y

According to the present invention these improvements consist essentially in interposing between two consecutive carding rollers or main cylinders in a carding machine, a double transferring arrangement comprising a combination, on the one hand, of a slowly rotating worker giving a first carding point with the first carding roller and a second carding point with the second carding roller, and on the other hand, a stripping roller transferring to the second carding roller` the fibrous material remaining on the first carding roller after the first carding point, the slow-running worker being itself associated with a stripper which transfers to the second carding roller all the fibrous material remaining on said worker after the second carding point.

i The danger that the fibrous material being treated will become wound backwardly, which is the principal disadvantage of the known conventional carding process and the cause of low production, is thus substantially avoided by this combination.

The invention will be described further by way of example, together with practical embodiments of the invention, with reference 'to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l shows the application of the invention to both a pre-carding machine and then to the carding machine proper, the peripheral speeds of the various members, likewise given by way of example, being shown in kilometers per hour.

Fig. 2 is another view of the assembly of Fig. l showing the manner in which the several rollers are suitably driven.

In Fig. 1, 1, 1 are the feed cylinders of a pre-carding machine A, C, in which 2 and 3 are respectively the first carding or burring roller, and the second carding or breast roller. A third carding or main roller 4, is that of the carding machine proper C1 which, in the embodiment illustrated, is assumed to be followed by a complementary carding machine C2 having a carding or main roller S, the whole assembly finishing with the dofier 6 and the dofiing comb 7.

The usual carding members adapted to cooperate with the carding rollers 2, 3, 4, 5, according to the arrangement adopted, have not been shown, in order not to complicate the drawing needlessly.

The passage of the fibrous material is shown by an unbroken line in the zones where all of the material is present, and by a broken line in those zones in which only a portion of the material passes.

2,936,495 Patented May 17, 1960 The pre-carding machine A, C, owing to the improvements provided according to the invention, carries out an important carding action, effected progressively and methodically, so that there is required only a relatively slack feed to the burring or taker-in roller 2 by the cylinders 1, 1, of fibers lying together in tufts and forming aV relatively bulky somewhat compact mass of fibers, this having the advantage of not breaking the bers.

This pre-carding machine A, C comprises two double transferring arrangements of a special type, one between the burring or taker-in roller 2 and the breast roller 3, and the other between said breast roller 3 and the main carding roller 4.

The first double transferring arrangement is formedby the combination comprising, on the one hand, one upper slowly rotating worker 8 giving a first carding point c1 with the burring roller 2 and a second carding point c2 with the breast roller 3 and, on the other hand, one lower stripping roller 9 transferring to the breast roller 3 the material remaining on the taker-in roller 2 after the first carding point c1, said upper slow-running Worker 8 being itself associated with a stripper 10 which transfers to the breast roller 3 all the material remaining on said worker 8 after the second carding point c2.

The second double transferring arrangement comprises a combination of members 8', 9', 10 which are similar to those described above and giving two carding points c4 and c5 analogous to the carding points c1 and c2.

It will be readily perceived that this pre-carding arrangement gives at least four important carding points c1, c2, c4, c5.

The principal carding points c2 and e5 have an exceptional efficiency. The fibers conveyed by the slowrunning worker 8 (or 8') present themselves Vwith their free ends forwardly directed and are then subjected to a normal combing and carding action. Thus, very few fibers are broken or injured and the duration and eficiency of the carding operation are much increased due to the fact that the carding roller 3 (or 4) rotates six times faster (or twenty-four times faster) in the numerical example given, than the slow-running worker 8. In addition, the material coming from the lower stripping roller 9 (or 9') is carded and divided up again on passing the point c2. It has been found that, in general, the efficiency of the carding points c2 and c5 is at least double, if not treble, that of conventional carding points.

Division of the material is produced at the points c1 and c4, and then a regrouping at 4c2 and c5. This action of dividing, regrouping, dividing again, etc., is particularly favorable for a good distribution of the material, for regularity of the carding operation and for progressive division fiber by fiber.

Finally, the delivery of fibrous material may reach twice that of the delivery given by the carding machines of the prior art, where the production is limited by the material becoming matted at the obligatory points of passage.

It should be noted that the existence of the carding points c2 and c5 forms the essential reason for the very marked acceleration of the carding action according to the present invention, but that which is really characteristic is their rational arrangement, the complete stripping or clearing of any one of the members, each, by a more rapidly rotating following member, and the double transferring of the fibrous material, which allows overloading and saturation of tne slow-running workers 8 and 8' to be avoided, while the carding rollers 2 and 3 are completely cleared of their fibrous material by the stripping rollers 9 and 9'. The arrangements described may utilize all known rigid, saw-toothed, flexible, semi-rigid or like card clothings which are usually employed.

In view of the considerable delivery of the new card-` ing machine with double transferring arrangements, as proposed by the invention, the carding capacity of the main carding roller 4 alone may, in many cases, depending upon the materials which are being treated, become insuicient. It is then possible, Vwithin the scope of the invention, to provide for a supplementary carding roller 5 whose action allows the maximum production to be obtained.

In fact, as the main carding roller 4 is already rotating at the maximum speed compatible with the quality of work required, then the interposition, without modification, of a double transferring arrangement, exactly similar tothe two preceding ones (8, 9, or (3', 9', 10') between the main rollers 4 and 5, would'require an increase in speed of the main roller 4 with respect to the roller 5 in order to enable satisfactory operation of the lower stripping roller to take place. It is known that excessive speeds result in breakage of fibers, in disorder of the fibrous material, in scattering thereof through the effect of centrifugal force, or due to relative'motion With the air, and so forth.

Therefore, in'order to have the speed of the carding roller 5 independent of that of the main carding roller 4 and thus to allow the roller 5 to be given a speed more closely approximating that of the roller 4, the members 8", 9", 10", similar to those of the preceding double transferring arrangements, are completed at the lower part of the machine by a slowly rotating comb cylinder 11. The roller 4, in that case, is then covered with a clothing of the type called a transfer card-clothing, which is a card-clothing having teeth (or needles) of short height and light Obliquity, or a suitable brush roller, which allows the fibrous material remaining on roller 4 to be entirely caught up by the slow-running comb 11 covered with a conventional card-clothing which transfers it, through the medium of the stripping roller 9, to the carding roller S.

If necessary, the slow-running worker 8" may be placed some little distance from the main carding roller 4, so that it only catches about half of the material, the remainder on roller 4 being then caught by the lower transferring members 11, 9".

The arrangement gives four carding points c6, c7, C8, and e9, of which c7 is of an exceptionally efficient character. v

As vseen in Fig. `2, all of the rollers and cylinders referred to above and shown in detail in Fig. l may be driven from a single power source, shown as the motor M, by suitable use of belts and chains. In Fig. 2, belts are shown in solid lines, and chains with corresponding sprocket wheels are shown in dotted lines.

It will be well understood that the invention is by no means limited -to particular forms of construction described and illustrated, and that variations, improvements in detail and the use of equivalent means to replace those shown may be devised without thereby departing from the scope of the invention. When carding certain species of materials, such as, for example, ax, hemp, genista, tows, and the like, it has been recognized that it may be best to reverse the double transferring arrangement such as is shown in Fig. 1.

We claim:

l. In a carding machine, in combination, a group of roller adjacent but spaced from said first carding roller ing said roller at a predetermined speed, a second carding roller adjacent but spaced from said first carding roller and of substantially the same diameter, means for rotating said second carding roller in the same direction as said first carding roller but at a greater speed than said first carding roller, a worker disposed between said first carding roller and said second carding roller at a point above the line connecting the centers of said carding rollers and cooperating with both of said carding rollers to define a first carding point with said first carding roller anda second carding point lwith -said second carding roller, means for rotating said worker at a lesser'speed than said first carding roller and in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said first and second carding rollers, a stripping roller disposed between said first carding roller and said second carding roller below the line connecting the centers of said carding rollers and cooperating with said carding rollers, means for rotating said stripping roller at a greater speed than said first carding roller but at a lesser speed than said second carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said worker, said stripping roller being ef-V fective to transfer to said second carding roller the material remaining on said first carding roller after the first carding point, a stripper roller disposed above and between said worker and said second carding roller and cooperating with said worker and said second roller, means for rotating said stripper roller at a greater speed than said worker but at a lesser speed than said second carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said worker, said stripper roller being effective to transfer to said second carding roller the material remaining on said worker after the second carding point.

2. In a carding machine, in combination, a first group of rollers comprising a first carding roller, means for rotating said roller at a predetermined speed, a second carding roller adjacent but spaced from said first carding roller and of substantially the same diameter, means for rotating said second carding roller in the same direction as said first carding Vroller but at a greater speed than said first carding roller, a worker disposed between said first carding roller and said second carding roller at a point above the line connecting the centers of said carding rollers and cooperating with both, of said carding rollers to define a first carding point with said first carding roller and a second carding point with said second carding roller, means for rotating said worker at a lesser speed than said first'carding roller and in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said first and second carding rollers, a stripping roller disposed between said first carding roller and said second carding roller below the line connecting the centers of said carding rollers and cooperating with said carding rollers, means for rotating said stripping roller at a greater speed than said first carding roller but at a lesser speed than said second carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said worker, said stripping roller being effective to transfer to said second carding roller the material remaining on said first carding roller after the first carding point, a stripper roller disposed above and between said worker and said second carding roller and cooperating with said worker and said second roller, means for rotating said stripper roller at a greater speed than said worker but at a lesser speed than said second carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said worker, said stripper roller being effective to transfer to said second carding roller the material remaining on said worker after the second carding point, and a second group of rollers cooperating with the rollers of said first group whereby the second carding roller of the first group functions as the first carding roller of the second, said second group comprising a third carding roller functioning as the second carding roller of said second group, means for rotating said third carding roller in the same direction but at a greater speed than said second carding roller of said first group, a second worker disposed in the space between said second and said third carding rollers at a point above the line connecting the centers of said second and third carding rollers and cooperating' with both said second and third carding rollers to define aY third carding point with said fourth Vcarding roller and a second carding point with said third carding roller, means for rotating said second worker at a slower speed than said second carding roller but in a direction opposite to that of both said second and third carding rollers, a second stripping roller disposed in the space between said second and said third carding rollers at a point below the line connecting the centers of said second and said third carding rollers and cooperating with said second and said third carding rollers, said second stripping roller being effective to transfer to said third carding roller the material remaining on said second carding roller after said third carding point, means for rotating said second stripping roller at a greater speed than said `second carding roller but at a lesser speed than said third carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said second worker, a second stripper roller disposed above and between said second worker and said third carding roller, said second stripper roller cooperating with said second worker and said third carding roller and being eiective to transfer to said third carding roller the material remaining on said second worker after the fourth carding point, and means for ro- 6 tating said second stripper roller at a greater speed than said second Worker but at a lesser speed than said third carding roller and in the same direction as the direction of rotation of said second worker.

References Cited in the tile of this patent' UNITED STATES PATENTS 656,403 Gessner Aug. 21, 1900 1,953,386 Bates Apr. 3, 1934 FOREIGN PATENTS 4,084 Great Britain of 1878 12,725 Great Britain of 1895 22,089 Great Britain of 1906 27,375 IFinland May 14, 1955 64,449 France June 8, 1955

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