[go: up one dir, main page]

US2933637A - Traveling wave tube - Google Patents

Traveling wave tube Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2933637A
US2933637A US432238A US43223854A US2933637A US 2933637 A US2933637 A US 2933637A US 432238 A US432238 A US 432238A US 43223854 A US43223854 A US 43223854A US 2933637 A US2933637 A US 2933637A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
delay line
envelope
elongated
annular space
feedback
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US432238A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruck Lothar
Lauer Anton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefunken AG
Original Assignee
Telefunken AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefunken AG filed Critical Telefunken AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2933637A publication Critical patent/US2933637A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/30—Damping arrangements associated with slow-wave structures, e.g. for suppression of unwanted oscillations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traveling wave tube and more particularly to one of improved mechanical stability.
  • a traveling wave tube consists of an evacuated closure containing an electron gun, a delay line means having an input end and an output end, and an electron collector.
  • the delay line means is usually supported by a plurality of ceramic or glass rods.
  • an elongated coil coaxial with the evacuated closure which produces an electromagnetic field parallel to the electron stream causing the latter to pass through the delay line.
  • -Such means may comprise a plurality of rods surrounding the delay line, one or more of the rods having a strip of lossy material secured to the outer surface thereof in close proximity to the'delay line as described in co-pending application Serial No. 408,965, now Patent No. 2,820,171, dated January 14, 1958, titled Traveling Wave Tube, filed February 8, 1954, by Anton Lauer, one of the joint applicants of the present invention.
  • Such refiec tion also may be reduced by winding the delay line of a wire having considerable loss, or applying a coating of graphite to a short section of one or more of the nonconducting rods in which the delay line may be supported.
  • a traveling wave tube an elongated delay line means having an input end and an output end.
  • An elongated envelope coaxi l with the delay line forms an airtight clo re therefor.
  • the diameter of the envelope is at least three times that of the delay line.
  • the traveling wave tube is provided with an elongated electron beam focusing means such as a coil coaxial with the elongated envelope, the line means and beam focusing means defining there etween an annular space providing a path for the propagation of feedback electromagnetic wave energy from the output end to the input end of the delay line means.
  • attenuation means are provided located either inside or outside. of the tube envelope for substantially eliminating the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy through the annular space.
  • l is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a traveling wave tube in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section through line A--A of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged side-view of a portion of the traveling Wave tube illustrated in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an attenuation device in accordance with the invention for suppressing the feedbaci: of wave energy through the annular space between the magnetic focusing coil and delay line of a traveling wave tube;
  • Fig. 5 is a side-view of another type of attenuation device usable with the present invention.
  • *ig. 6 is a side-view of yet another attenuation device usable with the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-section along line B-B of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view through a traveling wave tube in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view through a portion of a traveling wave tube in accordance with yetanother embodiment of the present invention. 7
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view through a portion of a traveling wave tube of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a traveling wave tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of a traveling wave tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a traveling wave tube which is a modification of the tube illustrated in Fig. 12. r
  • a traveling wave tube including a glass envelope i, an electron gun arrangement 2 located ,at one end of the glass envelope, and a delay line 3 having an input end close to the electron gun and an output end close to the collector 5.
  • the electron beam produced by electron gun 2 is focused into a beam by means of magnetic focusing coil4 which is energized by a source of direct current 62.
  • the diameter of the tube envelope is considerably increased, being at least three times that of the diameter of delay line 3.
  • Electromagnetic wave energy is fed to the traveling wave tube through wave guide 7 and is coupled to the delay line'in coupling space 6.
  • a conventional tuning plunger 63 For tuning purposes there is provided a conventional tuning plunger 63.
  • the output'of the traveling wave tube is taken from space 3 between the discs forming the output coupling structure and is transmitted to a load by means of wave guide?
  • the output circuit is provided with a plunger 64 for tuning purposes.
  • a strip shaped band of lossy material 31 such as graphite.
  • Each of the elements comprises a spool-shaped member such as it for example, formed with a body portion b of a given diameter and a pair of disc-shaped end walls 10a, 10c, at the respective ends of the body portion having a diameter substantially larger than that of the body portion.
  • Each spool-shaped member is formed with a central, axial aperture therethrough and is located coaxially with the delay line. The end walls are spaced apart a quarter wave length or odd multiple thereof at the frequency of the electromagnetic wave energy fed back through the annular space and form wave traps for attenuating said electromagnetic wave energy.
  • spool-shaped members In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1, only two spool-shaped members are shown. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is equally applicable to three or more spoolhaped members. It is also to be understood that the arrangement may be made extremely broad-banded by tuning each wave trap to a different frequency within the range of feedback energy anticipated. This can be done by adjusting the spacing between end walls so that this spacing is one quarter wave length or an odd multiple thereof at different frequencies within the feedback frequency range.
  • an attenuating device such as shown in Fig. 4f
  • This comprises a plurality of members 65 arranged coaxially about delay line 3 and formed with a plurality of apertures 25 therein to which the ceramic rods 12, 13 and 14 may be attached.
  • These rods form a convenient means for supporting members 65 and also a means on which attenuating strips may be secured.
  • members 65 are separated by one quarter wave length or odd multiple thereof at the frequency of, or at difierent frequencies within,-the range of electromagnetic feedback energy propagated through the annular space between the magnetic focusing coil and the delay line;
  • Members 65 act as resonant windows and form a plurality of series resonant circuits.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates another embodiment of an attenuating device usable in the traveling tube shown in Fig. 1 instead of wave traps 10, 11.
  • This device comprises .a
  • member 66 having a hollow cylindrical body portion 67 and a plurality of disc-shaped wall portions 50-54 of a diameter substantially larger'than that of the body portion and arranged coaxially with the body portion.
  • Member 66 is arranged symmetrically with the rods 12, i3, 14 when it is in use in the traveling wave tube.
  • End walls 59-54 define therebetween a'plurality of cavity resonator structures '19-22 which, depending upon the spacing between the-respective walls are tuned to one or more frequencies Within the range of the electromagnetic wave feedback energy propagated through the annular space between the magnetic focusing coil and the delay line.
  • the various cavity resonators act as wave-suppression devices and eliminate substantially all undesired feedback energy.
  • FIGs. 6 and 7 consisting of a hollow, cylindrical, non-magnetic, conductive element which, in operation, is positioned coaxially about the delay line along the length thereof.
  • the wall thickness of the cylinder is so chosen that the dimensions of the annular space through which feedback of energy would normally occur are reduced beyond the point at which this space will support the propagation of energy.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which a metal envelope 15 is employed.
  • the delay line is not shown.
  • the delay line is at the center of the envelope.
  • symmetrically arranged within the envelope are a plurality of cylindrical members 23, 24, each forming a wave trap.
  • the frequency to which the trap is tuned depends upon the dimensions of the trap, in this case, the axial length of the cylinder.
  • the wave traps may be tuned to one or'more frequencies within the feedback rangeas in the case of the previous embodiments.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates still another. embodiment of the invention, this one used especially advantageously in the case of a traveling wave tube'having a glass envelope.
  • annular coating 26 of a lossy substance such as graphite or the like on the inner surface of the envelope. Coating the envelope on the inner surface has the advantage that the coating is not subject to wear and accordingly has a relatively long life.
  • Fig. 9 The arrangement of Fig. 9 is equally applicable to the case in which the coating of lossy material is applied to the outer surface of the glass envelope. Such an arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 10 wherein it is seen that the outer surface of the glass envelope 1 is provided with a layer 57 of lossy material.
  • Fig. ll illustrates a traveling wave tube similar in many respects to the arrangement of Fig. 8. It includes a focusing 'coil 4 wound upon a non-magneticconductive spool 27, the spool and delay line 3 defining therebetween an annuiar space providing a path for the propagation of feedback electromagnetic energy from the output end to the input end of the delay line.
  • a plurality of hollowcylindrical elements 28, 29 and 30 externally of glass envelope 1.
  • the cylinders act as wave traps tuned to a frequency orfrequenciesin therange of feedback frequencies. The frequency to which each cylinder is tuned depends upon the axial length of the cylinder which should be a quarter wavelength long or odd multiple thereof, at the frequency it is desired to attenuate.
  • the attenuation device consists of the mag netic focusing coil itself. a single elongated coil, the coil is formed of a plurality of individual coils 4 -4 ,"each coil being wound upon its own spool 69. The spaces between the individual coil members form a plurality of resonant gaps and act as a plurality of tuned series circuits providing substan- Rather than being wound as tial attenuation to the feedback of energy.
  • two of the rods are provided with graphite layers 58, 59. As already explained, these layers have very little effect, however, on the feedback of energy through the annular space between focusing coil sections and the delay line.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 12 may be provided with a plurality of annular rings 32 as illustrated in Fig. 13 which tune the gaps to one or more of the frequencies within the range of the feedback electromagnetic wave energy.
  • these rings are made adjustable in radial direction as indicated by the arrow 61.
  • the diameter of the tube envelope is at least three or more times greater than that of the delay line.
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end selected frequency range therethrough; an: elongated evacuated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tightclosure therefor, said envelope having a.
  • elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially' surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween anannular space providing a path for the feedbackof electromagnetic wave energy from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means located within said annular space and comprising a plurality'of wave traps within said annular space tuned to at least one predetermined frequency of said electromagnetic wave energy for substantially suppressing spurious noise and distortion caused by said electromagnetic wave energy propagated at least within said preselected frequency range through said annular space.
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end for the transmission of electromagnetic waves in a pre selected frequency range therethrough; an elongated evacuated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space having an outer diameter substantially larger than that of said delay line means providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and'axially adjustable attenuation means located in the portion of said annular space within said envelope and comprising a plurality of wave traps within said annular space tuned to at least one predetermined frequency of said electromagnetic wave energyfor substantially suppressing spurious noise and distortion caused by said electromagnetic Wave energy propagated atleast Within said preselected frequency range through said annular space.
  • elongated I delay line means having an input end and output end;
  • an elongated evacuated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means, and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space having an outer diameter substantially larger than that of said delay line means providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy from said output and to said input end of said delay line means located within said annular space; and axially adjustable attenuation means and comprising a plurality of wave traps within said annular space tuned to at least one predetermined frequency of said electromagnetic wave energy for substantially suppressing spurious noise and distortion caused by said electromagnetic wave energy propa-- gated at least within said preselected frequency range through saidannular space.
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end for the transmission of electromagnetic waves in a pre elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing rneans coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, saiddelay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy fro-In said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means located in the portion of said annular space within said.
  • envelope for substantially eliminating said feedback of electromagnetic waveenergy through saidv annular space comprising at least one spool-shaped member formed with a body portion of a given diameter and a pair of disc-shaped end walls at the respective ends of said body portion having a diameter substantially larger than that of said body portion, said member being formed with a central, axial aperture therethrough and being coaxial about said delay line means, and said discshaped end walls being spacedapart a distance equivalent to one quarter wave length at the frequency of said electromagnetic wave energy.
  • elongated delay L'ne means having an input end and output end; an elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line "means and'formirn an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope'said delay line means and beam focusing means defining thcrebetween an annular in said annular space for substantially eliminating said .tively spaced distances apart which are equivalent to one quarter wave length of a frequency within said given frequency range.
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end; an elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor, said envelope having a diameter throughout its entire extent at least three times that of said delay line means; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic Wave energy within a given frequency range from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means located in the portion of said annular space within said envelope for substantially eliminating said feedback of electromagnetic Wave energy through said annular space comprising a plurality of spool-shaped members, each formed with a body portion of a given diameter and a pair of disc-shaped end walls at the respective ends of said body portion having a diameter substantially larger than of said body portion, each of said members being formed with a central, axial aperture therethrough and being coaxial about said delay
  • elongated delay line means having an input and output end; an elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means located in the portion of said annular space within said envelope for substantially eliminating said feedback of electromagnetic wave energy through said annular space comprising a member having a hollow cylindrical body portion of a given diameter and a plurality of disc-shaped wall portions of a diameter substantially larger than that of said body portion coaxial with said body portion and extending perpendicularly therefrom along the length of said body portion, said member being coaxial with said delay line means, and said discshaped walls being spacedapart in axial direction of said body portion a distance equivalent to an odd multiple of one quarter Wave length at
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end; an. elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means *coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy Within a given frequency range from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means located in the portion of said annular space within said envelope for substantially eliminating said feedback of electromagnetic wave energy through said annular space comprising a member having a hollow cylindrical body portion of a given diameter and a plurality of disc-shaped wall por tions of a diameter substantially larger than that of said body portion coaxial with said body portion and extending perpendicularly therefrom along the length of said body portion, said member being coaxial with said delay line means, and said disc-shaped walls being spaced apart inaxial direction of said body portion distances from an
  • elongated delay line means having an input end and output end; an elongated evacuated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor, said envelope having a diameter at least three times that of said delay line means, said envelope and delay line means defining therebetween an annular space providing a path for the feedback of electromagnetic Wave energy from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable quarter wave resonator means comprising a plurality of wave traps within said envelope tuned to at least one predetermined frequency of said electromagnetic Wave energy for substantially suppressing spurious noise and distortion caused by saidelectromagnetic wave energy propagated through said annular space.
  • elongated delay linemeans having an input end'and output end; an elongated envelope coaxial with said delay line means and forming an air-tight closure therefor; elongated electron beam focusing means coaxially surrounding said elongated envelope, said delay line means and beam focusing means defining therebetween an annular space providing 'a path for the feedback of electromagnetic wave energy from said output end to said input end of said delay line means; and axially adjustable attenuation means in said annular space for substantially eliminating said feedback of electromagnetic wave energy through said annular space comprising at least one spoolshaped member formed with a body portion of a given diameter and a pair of disc-shaped end walls at the respective ends of said body portion having a diameter substantially larger than that of said body portion, said member being formed with a central, axial aperture therethrough and being coaxial about said delay line means,

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
US432238A 1953-06-05 1954-05-25 Traveling wave tube Expired - Lifetime US2933637A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET7932A DE1007386B (de) 1953-06-05 1953-06-05 Einrichtung zur Verstaerkung sehr kurzer elektromagnetischer Wellen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2933637A true US2933637A (en) 1960-04-19

Family

ID=7545723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US432238A Expired - Lifetime US2933637A (en) 1953-06-05 1954-05-25 Traveling wave tube

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2933637A (nl)
DE (1) DE1007386B (nl)
FR (1) FR1107515A (nl)
GB (1) GB779583A (nl)
NL (1) NL187903B (nl)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940654A (en) * 1969-12-16 1976-02-24 Varian Associates Traveling wave tube having tapered longitudinally directed loading conductors at the output
US4358705A (en) * 1980-01-31 1982-11-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supporting system for the delay line of a travelling wave tube

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3250946A (en) * 1961-02-07 1966-05-10 Philips Corp Travelling wave tube, in which an electron beam interacts with a helical delay line, having spurious oscillation suppressing means
US3397339A (en) * 1965-04-30 1968-08-13 Varian Associates Band edge oscillation suppression techniques for high frequency electron discharge devices incorporating slow wave circuits
US4358704A (en) * 1980-09-02 1982-11-09 Varian Associates, Inc. Helix traveling wave tubes with reduced gain variation
FR2531807B1 (fr) * 1982-08-13 1985-06-07 Thomson Csf Ligne a retard du type a plafonds et anneaux ou du type a plafonds et barreaux

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE23647E (en) * 1947-06-25 1953-04-21 High-frequency electron discharge
US2636948A (en) * 1946-01-11 1953-04-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifier
US2643353A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-06-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube
US2645737A (en) * 1949-06-30 1953-07-14 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Traveling wave tube
US2669674A (en) * 1948-09-09 1954-02-16 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Traveling wave tube
US2788464A (en) * 1954-10-29 1957-04-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2798981A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2811673A (en) * 1953-05-14 1957-10-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2822492A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2828440A (en) * 1950-06-22 1958-03-25 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tube

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR951204A (fr) * 1947-08-01 1949-10-19 Materiel Telephonique Tubes électroniques pour hyperfréquences

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636948A (en) * 1946-01-11 1953-04-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifier
USRE23647E (en) * 1947-06-25 1953-04-21 High-frequency electron discharge
US2669674A (en) * 1948-09-09 1954-02-16 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Traveling wave tube
US2643353A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-06-23 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube
US2645737A (en) * 1949-06-30 1953-07-14 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Traveling wave tube
US2828440A (en) * 1950-06-22 1958-03-25 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tube
US2798981A (en) * 1952-08-19 1957-07-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2811673A (en) * 1953-05-14 1957-10-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2822492A (en) * 1953-10-14 1958-02-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge devices
US2788464A (en) * 1954-10-29 1957-04-09 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940654A (en) * 1969-12-16 1976-02-24 Varian Associates Traveling wave tube having tapered longitudinally directed loading conductors at the output
US4358705A (en) * 1980-01-31 1982-11-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Supporting system for the delay line of a travelling wave tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1007386B (de) 1957-05-02
NL187903B (nl)
FR1107515A (fr) 1956-01-03
GB779583A (en) 1957-07-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2843789A (en) Arrangement for magnetic beam concentration
US3475642A (en) Microwave slow wave dielectric structure and electron tube utilizing same
USRE25329E (en) Periodically focused traveling wave tube
US3221204A (en) Traveling-wave tube with trap means for preventing oscillation at unwanted frequencies
US2773213A (en) Electron beam tubes
US2623193A (en) Very high gain traveling-wave tube
US3221205A (en) Traveling-wave tube with trap means for preventing oscillation at unwanted frequencies
US2683256A (en) Magnetron amplifier
US2790926A (en) Traveling wave tube
US2933637A (en) Traveling wave tube
US2419572A (en) Electron discharge device
US2889486A (en) Interdigital delay line
US3110000A (en) Waveguide window structure having three resonant sections giving broadband transmission with means to fluid cool center section
US3365607A (en) Electron discharge device
US2952795A (en) Electron discharge device
US3123736A (en) Severed traveling-wave tube with external terminations
US5477107A (en) Linear-beam cavity circuits with non-resonant RF loss slabs
US3181023A (en) Severed traveling-wave tube with hybrid terminations
US2701343A (en) High q resonant cavity
US3693038A (en) Traveling wave tube (twt) oscillation prevention device
US4414486A (en) Coupled cavity type traveling wave tube
US3015750A (en) Traveling wave electron discharge devices
JPS61179030A (ja) 電子ビ−ムのガイド装置
US3329855A (en) Helical slow wave structure traveling wave tube having attenuation material coating the inside of the hollow support members
US3354347A (en) Traveling-wave tube having lossy material walls separating adjacent oscillation suppression resonant cavities coupled to slow-wave structure interaction cells