US284515A - Half to moses schwaetz - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

' 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. THOENS.

10E MACHINE.

Patented Sept ITNESSES: I I N I R: a BY Ww J27M M &y

ATTORNEYS.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) B. THOENS.-

' 10E MACHINE. I No. 284,515. Patented Sept. 4, 1883.

NNNNNNNNNN WUIhngn-lphen Whhinginn. 0, c.

UNITE STATES PATENT Orrrcn.

ynunonnnn THOENS, or ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO MOSES SCHWARTZ, or sAM i PLACE.

ICE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming To all whom, zit/ may concern} Be it known that I, BURCHARD THOENS, of New Orleans, in the parish of Orleans and State of Louisiana, have invented a new and Improved Ice-Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to that class of machinesin which ammonia is used for cooling a p non-congealable liquid to such an extent that watersurrounded by the said noncongealable liquid will be frozen.

This invention consists in an ammonia icemachine constructed with a retort for distilling aqua-ammonia, which,.distilled aqua-ammonia passes into a rectifier, and is then liquefied and collected in a suitable vessel, from which it is liberated at suitable times and permitted to evaporate, thereby cooling the unif congealableflliquid surrounding the pipes through which the gases of ammonia are permitted to pass. These gases of ammonia are then collected and conducted into a vessel, in which the poor. or weak ammonia-liquor is converted into drops or sprays, and thusabsorbs the ammonia-gas, and is converted into rich ammonia-liquor, and is then sent back to for distilling the aquaammonia. Fig. 3 is a .sectionalplan view of the same on the line at m,

Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the ammonia-absorber. Fig. 5 is a side view of the upper-part of the same, parts being broken out and others shown in section; Fig. 6is a sectional plan view of the same on the line yy, Fig. 4.

The retort A consists of a cylinder provided witha suitable head or top, in which a pipe,

' B, issecured forthe escape of ammonia-gas and steam produced bydistilling aqua-ammonia. The rich liquor-is conducted into the retort Athrough' a pipe, 0, which forms a spiral, G, in the upper part of the, retort A,

partof Letters P atentNo. 284,515, dated September 4, 1883.

Application filed July 3,1883. (No model.)

and then extends f down vertically to near the bottom of the retort in the middle of a larger pipe, D, closed at the bottom, and projecting downwardfrom a cylindrical vessel, D, held in about the middle of the retort, which vessel D is provided with a series of vertical pipes, 01, open at the top and bottom, through which pipes at the liquor can flow into the lower part of the retort as soon as the level of the liquor in the cylinder D rises higher than the upper. ends of the said, pipes. A spiral pipe, E, is arranged in the lower part of the retort A, through which pipe steam is admitted into the retort, which steam leaves through a pipe, E, at the bottom of the retort. A pipe, F, for drawing off the poor liquor, is provided in the bottom of the retort. The vessel D is provided with a perforated top, a, to prevent any boiling over or foaming into the rectifier. The ammonia-absorber shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 consists of a cylinder, G, closed at both ends. A short distance from the upper enda perforated plate, G, is heldtransversely in the said cylinder, and below the said perforated plate a series of horizontal transverse pipes H, are arranged in a series of rows, which connect two water-chambers, J, at the sides of. the cylinder, the said water-chambers being" in no communicationwhatever with the interior part of the cylinder, but being in communication with each other,and provided with a suitable inlet and outlet pipe for the cooling water.

The inlet-pipe K for the poor ammonia-liquor is above the perforated plate or partition G. 8 5

A larger inlet-pipe, L, for the ammonia-gas, is

below the transverse pipes H. A water-chamber, M, isformed in the lower part of the cylinder G, and below the said water-chamber a compartment, N, for the rich ammonia-liquor, 0 is provided. The water-compartment M is provided with suitable inlet and outlet pipe for the cooling water. A seriesof vertical pipes, O, extend through the water-chamber M from the top to the bottom, and establish 5 communication between the chamber N and the chamber above the water chamber Aqua-an1nionia of about twenty-eight per cent.

is placed in the retort A, where it is heated by the steam passing through the coil E; The Ioo ammonia-gas is expelled, and passes off through the pipe 13 in the top of the retort, and passes vessel Q through the pipe b to the condenser,

which consists of a double coil, R, contained in a cylindrical tank, R, filled with cold water.

As the gas is cooled and subjected to pressure in the condenser it is liquefied, and passes as a liquid to the receiver T, connected by a pipe, 9, to the bottom end of the double coil R. The vessel T is connected by a pipe, h, with a valve, j, on the lower end of a double refrigerator coil, U, contained in a cylindrical tank, U, filled with an uncongealable liquid-for instance, such as brine. If the valve j is opened, the ammonia evaporates immediately and expands, and in doing so itabstracts the heat from its surrounding and reduces the temperature of the uncongealable liquid in the tank U very much. The upper end of the refrigerator double coil Uis connected by the pipe L with the absorber, as shown in Fig. 4..

The function of the absorber will be described next. The cool uncongeable liquid is admitted through a pipe, is, to atank, W, containing boxes V, filled with water, which boxes aresurrounded by the brine, which rapidly freezes the water in the said boxes. The pipe is branches out in anumber of perforated pipes inside of the tank W, so as to distribute an equal temperature all over, and at the same time agitate the brine. The surplus of brine in the tank flows off through a pipe, Z, into a tank, X, from which it is pumpedby apump, Y, into a water-cooler, Z, through which the water to be converted into ice is circulated in suitable pipes, so that it will be quite cold when conducted into the boxes V. From the top of the water cooler Z the brine flows through a pipe, 1111, back to the refrigerator 11., after the ammonia-gas has been expelled from the liquor in the retort. The now poor liquor is driven by the pressure in the retort, through the pipe F in the bottom of the retort, into a coil, n, in a closed cylindrical vessel, I, which coil has its opposite end connected with a pipe, 0, extending up to the top of the condensertank It, and then forming a coil, 0, the other end of which is connected by a pipe, K, with the upper end of the absorber-cylinder G, as shown in Fig. 4. The poor liquor passing through the pipe K passes through the perforated partition or sieve G in the absorber G, is converted into drops or spray, and meets the ammonia-gas entering through the pipe L,

and thusthe poor liquor or spray becomes saturated with'jlthe ammonia-gas and is converted into a rich liquor. The poor liquor has been cooled while passing through the tank R, and the heat which is given out by the reabsorption of the ammonia-gas by the poor liquor is taken up by the transverse horizon-.]

cool, and no gas will escape. A pipe, 19, connects the compartment N with a pump, 1", which is connected by a pipe, 8, with the bottom of the vessel I, which vessel I is connected with'the pipe 0, forming the coil in the up per part of. the retort, so that the pump 1" can force the liquor through the exchange I, where it comes in contact with the pipe n, through which the hot poor liquor circulates, and the rich liquor is thus heated, and at the same time the poor liquor in the coil is partially cooled. The hot poor liquor and the rich cool liquor exchange temperatures as far as that is possible. The rich liquor is now partially heated, passes through the top of the exchanger I back to the retort-pipe 0, where it is heated to a higher temperature by the hot gas surrounding it. The lower end of the tube 0 then conducts the rich liquor to the bottom of the tube D, in which it rises, and finally passes to the bottom of the retort and is distilled, and is finally drawn off -through the pipe F into the exchanger, and soon, in the manner previously described.

I do not abandon or dedicate to the public I any patentable features set forth herein and not hereinafter claimed, but reserve the right to claim the same either in a reissue of any patent that may be granted upon this application or in other applications for Letters Patent that I may make.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. An ice-machine constructed with a retort for distilling ammonia, connected with an apparatus for rectifying the, ammonia-gases, from which rectifier the ammonia-gases are conducted to a refrigerator which is connected with a receptable for receiving the liquid ammonia, which is permitted to evaporate, and thus reduce the temperature of the uncongealable liquid contained in the refrigerator, which is connected with a device for mixing the gases with the poor ammonia-liquor,whereby the said liquor will be enriched, 'and is then conducted back to the retort, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an ice-machine, the combination, with the retort A, of the rectifier P, the condenser R R, the ammonia-chamber T, the refrigerator U U, the absorber G, the water-cooler Z, and the heatexchanger I, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose setforth.

3. an ice-machine, the combination of the retort A, connected with the chamber Q of the rectifier, the coil 0 in the retort, connected chamber Qwith the double spiralR in the refrigerator-vessel R, the ammonia-chamber T, connected with the spirals R, the spiral U in the vessel U, which spiral is connected with the ammonia-vessel T, the freezing-tank W, into which the uncongealable liquid can be conducted from the vessel U, and-of the pipe L, connecting the spiral U with the absorber G, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a retort of an ice-machine, the combination, with the cylindrical vessel A, of the coiled pipe 0, for conducting the rich ammonia-liquor intothe retort,the pipe D, surrounding the downwardly-projecting part of the pipe 0, and of the steam-pipe coil E, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. In the retort of an ice-machine, the combination, with the cylindrical vessel A, of the spiral G, the pipe-D, clc sed at the bottom and surrounding the downwardly-projecting part of the pipe O,the vessel D, formed atthe upper end of the pipe D, and the downwardlyprojecting tubes d in the vessel D, substantially as herein shown ahd described, and for the purpose set forth.

6. In the retort of an ice-machine, the combination, with the cylindrical vessel A, of the spiral O, the pipe D, closed at thebottom and,

surrounding the downwardly-projecting part of the pipeG, the vessel D, formed at the upper end of the pipe D, the downwardly-projecting tubes (1 in the vessel D, and the sieve 6, held above the vessel D, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth. l 7. In an ice-machine,an absorber constructed with a perforated plate orsieve a short distance from the top, transverse pipes through which water is conducted below the said sieve e, and with an inlet-pipe for the gas below the transverse pipes, and an inlet-pipe for the poor liquor above the sieve, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth. p

8. In an absorber of an ice-machine, the

combination, with the cylinder G of the per-.

forated plate or sieve G, the transverse pipes H, connecting the water-chambers J J at the sides of the cylinder G, the gas-inlet pipe L below the pipes H, and the inlet-pipe K for poor liquor above the sieve, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

9. In an absorber of an ice-machine, the combination, with the cylindrical vessel G, of the sieve G, the transverse pipes H, connecting the two water-chambers J at the sides of the cylinderG, the vertical pipes O, extend ing through the water-chamber M, and the ammonia-chamber N below the said waterchamber, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

BUROHARD THOENS.

W itnesse's:

A. GERDEs, J. BENDERNAGEL.

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