US2675270A - Combined fog and solid or straight stream nozzle - Google Patents

Description

April-13, 1954 J. E. CLOUGHERTY ET AL 2,675,270

COMBINED FOG AND SOLID OR STRAIGHT STREAM NOZZLE Filed Jan. 15, 1952 r v illri ulv 1 N V EN TORS I l f Patented Apr. 13, 1954 COMBINED FoG AND SOLID on STRAIGHT STREAM NOZZLE J ohn E. Clougherty, Charlestown, and Edward C.

v Lonergan, Milton, Mass.

Application January is, 1952, Serial No. 266,542

This invention relates to improvements fin combined fog and solid or straight stream nozzles for the hose of fire-fighting equipment. More particularly it provides such anozzle wherein two separate streams pass throughthe nozzle from a shut-oft" valve to'the delivery end of the nozzle, with one stream extending axially through the nozzle for delivering a solid or straight stream of water therefrom, and with the other stream annularly surrounding the. axial stream within the nozzle and leading to fog-producing means at the discharge end of the nozzle at which fog is generated and dispensed forwardly and outwardly around the straight stream. i i

The fogproducing nozzle has become a generally accepted unit of fire-fighting equipment, having particular advantage over sprays and straight streams in repelling smoke and fumes, and absorbing heat, as firemen advance toward a fire through rooms and halls which may be filled with smoke and fumes. But, for actual extinguishment of a fire, a straight stream is essential and, so far as we are aware, two separate types of nozzles have been required heretofore, a fog-producing nozzle to protect the fire men advancing toward the flames, and a solid or straight stream nozzle for use inextinguishing the fire.

Various proposals heretofore have sought to combine in a single nozzle a straight stream and a forwardly and outwardly directed spray, but the sprays have not been effective because they have been supplied from the main stream through the nozzle and have lacked the pressure and volume for the intended results. More important. however, is the fact that atomized particles of water dispensed as a cloud of fog i's definitely more efficient than any spray for repelling smoke and fumes. n

Hence, it is an object of the present invention to provide a combined fog-producing and straight stream nozzle wherein a fog-generating means at the delivery end of the nozzle is supplied with its own pressure stream of water arrangedannularly around the straight stream at the axis of the nozzlewhereby the pressure stream which is converted into fog is driven through the fog generating means unafiected by the adjacent straight stream. According to the invention, the supply stream of water coming to the nozzle is divided at the shut-oii valve: of the nozzlawith the major part of the supply stream passing axially for constituting thestraight stream issuing from the nozzle, and with a substantial portion of the supply streampassina through an 3 Claims. (o 299-139) annular passage extending from said valve to the "discharge end of the nozzle, at which location it is driven through atomizing means which discharges a spreading cloud of fog or vapor around 7 the issuing straight stream of water.

- Another object is to provide a combined fogproducing and straight stream nozzle wherein fog-generating means at the discharge end of the nozzle is supplied with its own pressure stream (it water driven through the nozzle in general parallelism with a main straight stream of water passing axially through the nozzle, with manually operable means for stopping the issuance of fog from the nozzle at will without appreciably affecting the straight stream of water issuing axially from the nozzle.

I It is, moreover, our purpose and object generally to improve the structure and effectiveness Fig. l is a side elevation of a nozzle embodying features of the invention, it being shown connected to a hose and discharging bpth a straight stream of water and a protective cloud of fog; f'Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the nozzle of Fig. l, on a larger scale;

., i Fig. 3 is a view, partly in cross-section, of the right-hand end portion of the nozzle of Fig. 2 tiirned about its axis through ninety degrees, and showing the cut-oil valve shifted to its closed position;

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of the left-hand portion of the nozzle of Fig. 2 turned about its axis through ninety degrees; and

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view on line 5--5 of Fi 4.

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle In of Fig. l is shown connected to a hose l2 and is discharging both a straight stream M of water and a protective cloud ll; of fog or vapor.

The connected end of the nozzle has the interiorly threaded opening I8 for reception of the standard threaded end or nipple of the hose l2. A relatively short smaller diameter passage 20 leads axially of the nozzle from the opening 18 to a valve 22 which is rotatably mounted within the body :of the nozzle a substantial distance from the delivery end of the nozzle, and a longer axial passage 24 extends from the opposite side of valve 22, or from a location adjacent the valve, to and through the delivery end of the nozzle, this latter passage 24 having suitable uniform or their bearings, and a yoke type actuating handle 36 has its spread arms 38, 40 rigidly connected to the projecting ends of the trunnions 28,-. 38" re spectively, whereby the valve may be actuated by handle 36 between its open and closedpositions of .Figs. 2 and s. A passage c2 throd'ghthevalye connects the axial passages 20 and 2 when the valve is open, as shown in Fig';-2i-. i According to the invention, valve 22 has oppo site side portions of thesphere cut away in the parallel planes 44, 45 in Fig. 2, which are also parallel to the axis of the trunnions 28,58. The p'larieB is closer to the parallel plane of the axis of the trunnions than is the plane M; and the passage 42 through the valve has gradually increasing diameter from the annular edge of the valve in plane 46, to the annular edge of the valve in plane 56. Hence; the outlet end of the valve passage 52 is substantially greater in diameter than the diameter of the nozzle passage as, whereby'a substantial portion of the water coming through' the valve delivers directly into an annular passage 48 which surrounds the axial passage 2 This water may enter the passage 48 through an annularly' arranged series of openings 5B. V

Annular passage 48 extends from adjacent valve 22 to the discharge end portion of the nozzle It where it opens into a series of pairs of relatively small diameter passages 52, be which intersect each other with a forceful atomizing effect which generatesa cloud of fog l6 which is disseminated forwardly and outwardly around the straight stream M of Water issuing. from the axial passage 24, generally'as illustrated'in Fig. I.

Preferably, a manually operable means ispro vided for closing the dis harge end portions 52', 54 'of the passages 52; 54 when it is desired to stop the generation and dissemination of fog without materiauy affecting" the straight stream l4. As herein shown, a cap 56 fits nicely and rotatably over the discharge end portion of the nozzle Hi; the cap having an axial opening 58 therein which leaves the axial passage 24" unobstruoted in all positions of the cap. A series of perforations 6B are arranged annularl'y around a 4 ble rotational movements thereof between open and closed positions of the cap.

It is intended that the patent shall cover, by suitable expression in the appended claims, whatever features of patentable novelty exist in the invention disclosed.

We claim as our invention:

1.. A hose nozzle comprisinga rigid nozzle body having adischar'ge end an'd having walls defining an interior chamber spaced a substantial distance from said delivery end of the nozzle body, said nozzle body having an axial passage Wall of the cap in positions to be in register with v 1eading frcm" on'end of the body to said chamber, arid a generally aligned axial passage leading from said chamber and opening through said delivery endoi thebody, means defining an annular passage surrounding said aligned passage and extendin from saitl chamber to a location adjacent to the said delivery end of said body, atomizin'g' mean to'which said annular passage delivers at said delivery end of the nozzle body for disseminating atomized water as a cloud of fog forwardly and outwardly around the region through which water discharges from said axial passage, said atomizing means comprising annularly arranged pairs of flow passages interiorly of said delivery end of said body of which the deliv' ery end portions of each pair have their axes intersecting each other adjacent to the delivery ends of said passages whereby the impact of the in tersecting streams from each said pair of flow passages effects atomization of the water, a mem'-' ber rotatably mounted on said delivery end of tlienozzle body, exteriorly thereof, having an annular portion, for closing the discharge ends of all of" said atomizing flow passages, said annular portion of said member having an annular series of openings therein'arranged to register with said discharge ends of the atomizing flow passages in response to a partial rotation of said member, and'stop means for limiting the rotation of said member in each direction about the axis of said body thereby to stop rotation of said member in one direction with its said openings in register with the discharge ends of said atomizin now passages, and to stop rotation of said member in the opposite'd'irection with all of said discharge endsor the atomizing flow passages closed by the portions of said member which intervene between the said openings therein, said rotatable member'in each position thereof, leaving the discharge end of said axial passage in said body free of any obstruction to discharge therefrom.

2. A hose nozzle comprising a nozzle body having an interior chamber with an inflow passage to said chamber and an outflow passage from said chamber which delivers axially through one end 7 of said body, means defining an annular passage surrounding said outflow passage and extending from said chamber tosaid delivery end of said body, atomizing means in the path of flow through said annular passage at said delivery end of said body for disseminating atomizedwater as a cloud of vapor forwardly and outwardly around the region through which water discharges from said outflow passage, said atomizing meansproviding discharge openingsinsaid body arranged in spaced annular; relation around: the axis of the body, a cap rotatably mounted on said delivery endof said body and having an annular portion forclosing all of said discharge openings of the atomizing means, said annular portion of the cap v ng an annular series of openings therein ar ranged toregisftei' with said discharge openings of the 'atom'izin means in response to a partial rotation of said cap, and stop means for stopping rotation of said cap in one direction with said cap openings in register with said discharge openings of the atomizing means, and for stopping rotation of said cap in the opposite direction with all of said discharge openings of the atomizing means closed by the portions of said cap which intervene between said openings in the cap, said cap, in all of its positions, leaving the discharge end of said axial outflow passage free of obstruction.

3. In a hose nozzle of the type having a nozzle body with a straight axial discharge passage and with an annular flow passage surrounding the axial passage, means within said body at the discharge end portion thereof for atomizing the water delivering from said annular flow passage, said atomizing means providing an annular se ries of discharge openings at said discharge end portion of said body whereby the atomized water issues from said annular series of discharge openings, a cap rotatably mounted on said discharge end of said body, exteriorly thereof, said cap havin an axial opening constantly in register with the discharge end of said axial discharge passage and having an annular portion for closing all of said annular series of discharge openings in said body, said annular portion of the cap having an annular series of openings therein arranged to register with said discharge openings in said body in response to a partial rotation of the cap on said body, and means for securing said cap on said body and constituting also a stop means for limiting rotational movements of the cap on said body, said securin and stop means being adapted to stop rotation of said cap in one direction with the annular series of openings in said body and in said cap in register, and to stop rotation of said cap in the opposite direction with the portions of said cap which intervene between its said openings closing all of the annular series of discharge openings in said body.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 561,069 Wise May 26, 1896 575,596 Doyle Jan. 19, 1897 577,120 Stewart Feb. 16, 1897 582,051 Fuerbringer May 4, 1897 585,196 Foley June 29, 1897 1,575,671 Beanes Mar. 9, 1926 2,376,881 Nielsen May 29, 1945 2,389,642 Schellin Nov. 27, 1945

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