US2580113A - Generator for hydrocarbon burners - Google Patents

Description

Dec.V 25, `195] R. MART'lRl v GENERATOR FOR HYDROCARBON BURNERS Filed June l19, 1945 'INVENTOR ATTORNEY.;

Patented Dec. 253 1951 1 Application June y19, 1945, SeriaIgNo. l600,358 In 'Argentina April y2'5, '1945 The present:inventionzrelates to gas generators vfor gasifying' hydrocarbon ;fuels for cookers,

y'stoves and other heaters, zand has for :its object to .provide a conditioningbase having suchchar- "acteristics' in regard to .the `generation .of .gas from liquid fuels, that the .carryin'ginto practice v.thereofzimples a considerable advance :in v.the hart by simplification of the said process.

Hitherto, different-types of gas generatorshave :been :used .-amongst ywhich .the vmosttusnal iones are .thoseiknown as the 'tubulartypa formed .bya

v pipe of constan-t cross section, which onzone .fend

receives Ythe pipe .feeding .the rli'quidfuel, y.whereas .on the other end iit has a branch orfthe'outward passage of lthe gas generated .in Athe .hollow :of

the chamber.

.As is well known, the chambers of vtubular .gen-

. eratorsare ofsuchfcross sectionfandfcapacity that a high degree'of heat is `requiredifor "evaporation to take place therewithin, .so .'.muchso .that permanent burners mustibeeof'a certain size :so as vto vobtain .a `relatively powerful heating Aeffect fand `consequently vthe required .supply is such thatthe consumption. of igas V'is .excessive in :relation to the production. For thisireason the eciency considerably reduced andfotherfdisadvantages fare found which detract. considerably .from the 'value of the system .of vauto-generation.y

In gfact, excessive .heating yof the .fgenera'tor chamber is `:applicable vonly to devices working .fat Y' .high pressures, .andv the .constant :re-heating thereof .gives rise :to troubles with 4the:generation :of gas itself, since VAa Vcertain "range of 'hydrocar- `bons is burnt, Ythus Jconsiderably reducing the Carburation value of the fuel by reason of the impoverishment lof vits composition.

`Moreover, as a consequence of "the jre-heating,

l'and of the kprocess of `constant evaporation 'in .a

closed receptacle, `which iis .formed .'by .the .chamjber, 'a .distillation 'is .caused which .has grave conlsequences in 'so 'far as concerns'the operation of the device, .since the looked or carbonized .matter resulting from said process goes onaccurnulating inside .until it .chokes and to alarge .extent `nullisogthat .a .rational .gasiication issachievedfin Aaccordance with the demands 'of the working process. I

To this end the present invention 4conrinrises essentially a ff-uel pre-'heating chamber lwhich has .inlet v.means 'forthe fuel and vis prolonged to form fa gasification chamber with .an outlet needle valve, `and Sis Vshaped to provide 'an extension of fthe `pre-heating body, the fga's'ication v'and 'preheating chambers being semi-insulated from each other by means .of a deep groove formed on the outside of Ithe v'general .body of the pre-heatergasiication device, the last-named device being adapted .to 4be heated by means y"of a permanent "burner "supplied 'from Vthe 'gasioation chamber.

Amongst `the .objects envisaged .by the present invention, .an :outstanding fone .is 'that ofr lbeing able to operate w'ithfan economicalauto-gasication 'since the permanent burner may .be 'supplied with a smalllfr'action of .the gas produced inthe gasier, because ino 'more thanasmall name is lrequiredflto condition the iuelin the body` .of the fchamber, heating .it sulciently to lgasifythe fuel f'a's .it passes .to the :outlet chamber, -or jet.

.Another object .isto v'enable the .generator to be :combined `with devices having a gravity feed, since in this way with moderate heating high pressures .are not produced .inside Vthe pre-heating chamberor in the gasier thus allowing :the Yfuel to enter'by .means Vof asimple drop .from a small height..

Another object :of 'the invention is to :avoid 4the decomposition of the .ffuel and :to `obtain azrich c'arburetting :mixture Awith .the .consequent increased eiciency inthe heating service.

A further :object is to v4obtain a rational gasication according -to -theneeds ofthe service without rsimeri-mous accumulations and `rWithout .any carbonization so as to achieve a steady operation Without failures or interruptions of an-yfkind.

.In order that the invention can .be clearly understood and ,readily carried into effect, `I .shall describe .the .same in more detail .with reference to `the Aaccompanying drawing in which the :single .figure is a partly .sectionlzed .side View of a .gas generator according to the invention.

In the .drawing the reference letter .a denotes aliquid fuel pre-heating member, reference letter Al1 denotes a gasier y.member and reference `numeral o .denotes a burner. The pre-heating ,member aincludes a tubular .body yQrsleeve .l of

' fication chamber 8.

metal which forms a preheating chamber 2 for a liquid fuel which is supplied through an inlet pipe 4 from a suitable reservoir (not shown). Body I is provided with an outlet opening I3 to supply pre-heated fuel to supplement burners (not shown). Within the chamber 2 is liquid fuel diffusing means 3 in the form of a lling of a metal turnings or other similar filamentary material capable of impeding the flow of the liquid fuel entering the chamber through pipe 4.

The left hand end of tubular body I forms a valve seat 5 adapted to be closed by a valve 5' formed on the end of a rod 6. Rod 6 extends through the chamber 2 and is supported on the |end of body I with a screw thread so as to be adjusted by means of a Wheel 1 fixed on the end of the rod.

Screwed into the end of body I is the gasifier 'b1 which includes a tubular body 0 forming a gasification chamber 3 which is connected lthrough the valve 5 5 to the pre-heating chamber 2. Between the end of body 9 and the bore in the end of member l is formed a small semi-gasification chamber 2 which tends to reduce the gasification required offthe gasication chamber 8. Within an end portion of the gasication chamber 8 is located a metal diffusion filling 3 similar to filling 3.

The end of body 9 has formed in it a nozzle I0 which forms an outlet jet IB and to keep this nozzle clean a long obstruction-clearing needle E secured to the end of rod 6 is adapted to pass through nozzle III when rod E is moved to the left.

Body 9 has formed in it a circular groove II which leaves only a thin-wall portion 9' between the gasification chamber 8 and the pre-heating chamber 2. Due to this the fiow of heat from body 9 to body 2 is greatly reduced. The burner c is located below the pre-heating member a. and gasifier member b and is fed with gasified fuel through nozzle I0. Burner-c is provided with a number of jets for heating the pre-heating chamber and the gasification chamber.

The groove II serves to establish an almost.

complete thermal separation between the preheating chamber 2 and the gasification chamber 8 so that they can be heated independently. This difference in heating is brought about by the fact that, while both these members are heated by the Same burner, the gasification chamber is of smaller diameter than the pre-heating chamber, i. e. heat radiation surface ofthe pre-heating member a is materially greater than that of the gasifier member b. Thus the pre-heating chamber is at a lower temperature. Y

In operation the fuel reaches inlet pipe li from a suitable reservoir (not shown) and passes through lling 3, valve 5 5', the semi-gasification chamber 2' andlling 3 to the main gasi- The fuel is gasied in chamber 8 and passes in an outlet jet through nozzle I0 to supply burner c.

I claim:

l. A hydrocarbon gas generator for cookers, stoves and other heaters, comprising a pre-heating chamber member for liquid fuel, inlet means for the liquid fuel, an extension torsaid pre-heating chamber member forming a gasication chamber, said gasification chamber having an extension forming a nozzle and terminating in an outlet jet located adjacent said gasification chamber, said pre-heating and gasification chambers being thermally semi-insulated from each other by means of a deep groove `formed in the said gasification chamber externally of the said pre-heater and gasifer chambers, and a burner located adjacent to and in heat transfer relationship with said pre-heater and gasier chambers for heating said pre-heater and gasifier chambers, said burner being coupled to said output jet and being permanently fed from said gasification chamber, the Dre-heating chamber being of constant cross-section and provided internally with liquid fuel diffusing means, and said gasification chamber being partially filled with liquid fuel diffusing means and is also of n constant cross-seotionand of diameter. substantially smaller than the pre-heating chamber, said generator comprising closure means arranged to ycontrol the passage of fuel from the pre-heating chamber to the gasification chamber and adjustment means for said control means operable from outside said chambers, the closure means including a valve seat formed and disposed between the pre-heating and gasification chamber, a valve stemslidably disposed in the pre-heating chamber, a valve on said stem adapted to cooperate with the Valve seat, and a rod terminating in an obstruction clearing .needle disposed coaxially with said stem to form a kcontinuation thereof and slidably arranged Within the gasification chamber to pass wholly through the outlet nozzle thereof, said pre-heating chamber having a heat radiation surface materially larger than that of said gasification chamber to maintain the temperature thereof substantially lower than the temperature of the gasification chamber.

2. A hydrocarbon gas generator for cookers, stoves and other heaters, comprising a pre-heating chamber member for liquid fuel, inlet means for the liquid fuel, an extension to said preheating chamber member forming a gasification chamber, said gasificationr chamber having an extension forming a nozzle and terminating in an outlet jet located adjacent said gasification chamber, said pre-heating and gasification chambers being thermally semi-insulated from each other by means of a deep groove formed in the said gasification chamber externally of the said pre-heater and gasier chambers, and a burner located adjacent to and in heat transfer relationship with said pre-heater and gasifier chambers for heating said pre-heater and gasifier chambers, said burner being coupled-to said output jet and being permanently fed from said gasification chamber, the pre-heating chamber being of constant cross-section and provided internally with liquid fuel diffusing means and including inlet and outlet means for liquid fuel, said gasification `chamber being partially filled with liquid fuel diffusing means and being also of constant crosssection and of diameter substantially smaller than the pre-heating chamber, said generator comprising closure means arranged to control the passage of fuel from the pre-heating chamber to the gasification chamber and adjustment means for-the control means operable from outside said chainbers, the closure means including a valve seat formed and disposed between the pre-heating and gasification chambers, a valve stem slidably disposed in the pre-heating chamber, a valve on said stem adapted to cooperate with the valve seat, and a rod terminating in an, obstruction clearing needle disposed slidably within the gasification chamber coaxially with the valve stem to form a continuation thereof, and being arranged to pass wholly through the nozzle and jet of the gasification chamber, said pre-heating chamber having a heat radiation surface materially larger than that of said gasicatlon chamber to maintain the temperature thereof substantially lower than the temperature of the gasification chamber.

' ROBERTO MARTIRI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNIIED STATES PATENTS Number 6 Name Date Swaine June 11, 1912 Miller Oct. 8, 1912 Stevens Feb. 9, 1915 Yeager Nov. 25, 1919 Tilley Nov. 30, 1920 Stockstrom Jan. 18, 1927 White et a1 May 27, 1930 Strickler Feb. 3, 1931 Loepfe Sept-1, 1931 Hanson Dec. 8, 1931 Lambert Sept. 27, 1932 Yeager June 6, 1939 Howard Jan. 16, 1945

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