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US2557951A - Antenna system - Google Patents

Antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2557951A
US2557951A US600254A US60025445A US2557951A US 2557951 A US2557951 A US 2557951A US 600254 A US600254 A US 600254A US 60025445 A US60025445 A US 60025445A US 2557951 A US2557951 A US 2557951A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
current
antenna
aperture
impedance
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US600254A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rosa Louis A De
Frank J Lundburg
Capen Harold Norman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Federal Telephone and Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL71369D priority Critical patent/NL71369C/xx
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority to US600254A priority patent/US2557951A/en
Priority to GB29656/46A priority patent/GB628584A/en
Priority to FR951386D priority patent/FR951386A/fr
Priority to ES0182356A priority patent/ES182356A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2557951A publication Critical patent/US2557951A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array

Definitions

  • This invention relates to antennas and more particularly to surface type antennas and the means for defining the extent thereof and to separate them when arranged in multiple.
  • Another object of this invention is to minimize or control the interaction between the antenna units of an antenna array which is formed of a number of aperture type radiators in a common substantially flat metallic member.
  • a conductive member with means which constitutes an effective impedance to at least the stronger of the undesired loops of current extending between the feed terminals.
  • This might be accomplished by any one of a plurality of different means, one of which may for example comprise quarter wavelength strips or skirts of conducting material connected to and spaced in parallel relation to the conductive antenna member.
  • Other means may comprise a series of fins disposed normal to the surface of the antenna member, or small slots cutting the current loops the maxima current points of which are undesired.
  • Fig. 1 represents an antenna arrangement in accordance withcertain features of our invention
  • Fig. '2 is a plan view of an array of antennas the extent of which is defined in accordance with Fig. 1;
  • FIGs. 3, 5 and '7 are representations of radiators showing various embodiments of antennas in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGs. 4, 6 and 8 are sectional views of the antennas of Figs. 3, 5 and '7, respectively;
  • Fig. '9 is the representation of a variation of the antenna of Figs. 3 and 4;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a radiatorshowing another embodiment of an antenna inaccordance with'the invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a view in perspective showing an array of antennas formed in the side of a cylinder.
  • the antenna of Fig. 1 comprises a substantially fiat sheet of metallic material having a circular aperture 2 provided with energy transfer terminals 20. and-2b.
  • Slit-s of this character are shown at In, ll, l2 and E3 on loops t, do, 5 and 5a.
  • two loops 3 and are unobstructed and they carry substantially the entire current flow between the terminals 2a and Any current maxirna occuring beyond loops ii, So for example will be negligible because of their distance from the aperture and also because of the impedance effects of the slits, or if desired, other impedance boundary defining means may be provided as hereinafter described in detail.
  • a relatively large conductive surface or member l5 has been provided with three separate antenna slots or apertures l5, l6, and ll.
  • Crossed slits i8 have been arranged in the surface it to interrupt and thereby eliminate undesired current loops connecting the energy transfer terminals of slots i5, i6 and if outside of a roughly elliptical area about the apertures.
  • This ellipsoid area is only illustrative and may be of any desired extent and form. This effectively limits and defines the operative radiation transfer surface around each of the slots and at the same time sets up effective impedances between the various radiative areas. While a crossed slit has been illustrated other forms of slits, of course, may be employed so long as they provide a high impedance to the lines of current which produce the points or zones of current maxima.
  • Figs. 3 and a there is illustrated another antenna ned a longitudinal slot 19 in a conductive surface 22.
  • the slot 59 similarly to the above described forms has energy transferring terminals 25 and 22.
  • means for limiting and thereby isolating the radiating unit has been provided.
  • the means defining the boundary limits of the unit comprise an annular quarter Wavelength conductive skirt 23. This skirt may be as shown,
  • the impedance or characteristics of the skirt varies accordingly.
  • the perimeter of slot H) is substantially equal to a Wavelength and the inner perimeter is about a half wavelength in diameter
  • the current maxima are squeezed down and assume some such shape as indicated at 20a and 205. Should the impedance boundary be enlarged and/or the aperture changed in shape, the resulting current maxima would also change as will be apparent from the forms shown in Figs. 5 and 7.
  • the impedance skirt may assume the form indicated at 25 and 26. These skirts are rectangular and are spaced from and comprise two sections of a narrow square parallel to the slot 27 so as to limit radiation transfer to current maxima occurring beyond the ends of slot 21 as indicated roughly at 27a and 211).
  • FIG. 7 and 8 Another means for isolating the radiator aperture may be seen in the case of the antenna of Figs. 7 and 8, wherein a plurality of circular, circumferential fins 2?, 29 and 36 have been provided as a boundary impedance.
  • the aperture of this antenna is in the form of a cross 32.
  • longitudinal slots such as slot [9 or 21 may be used in this case with a correspondingly arranged in parallel array of the fins analogous to parallel skirts 25 and 26, if desired.
  • the radiation maxima occur substantially as indicated at 32a and 3217.
  • Fig. 9 an alternative construction for the form of the antennas in Figs. 3 and 5 is shown. This form is preferred when aerodynamic considerations are important, the radiation transfer surface 33 now underlying the main metallic base 34.
  • the skirts are here formed in the main surface as as indicated at Zia and 34b.
  • the opening 35 may contain a non-conductive and protective material such as Plexiglas, for streamlining and to shield the surface 33 from foreign matter such as rain, snow and solid particles.
  • a cylinder 44 provided with apertures 45, 56 and impedance slits t? similarly as indicated in Fig. 2.
  • the cylinder M may be a part of a smoke stack, water tank or other structure.
  • the curvature of the cylinder will affect the radiation pattern, but such may be desired depending on the pattern to be produced. However, the sizes and shapes of apertures as well as the impedance slit arrangement will also be factors with regard to the pattern to be produced.
  • the apertures 45, 6 and slits 13! may be filled with insulating material.
  • An antenna comprising a member having a surface containing an aperture, energy transfer means coupled to points on opposed edge portions of the aperture for establishing a plurality of spaced current maxima on said surface, and slots arranged in certain areas of said member to provide impedance to the occurrence of at least certain of the current maxima, said aperture and slots having dielectric material therein to provide a substantially smooth surface for said member.
  • An antenna comprising a member having an electrically conductive surface containing an aperture and energy transfer means coupled to points on opposed edge portions of the aperture for establishing a plurality of spaced current maxima on said surface, said member being provided with a high impedance discontinuity on said surface transverse to the current that would produce undesired current maxima for offering impedance to the occurrence of current maxima in certain areas of said member.
  • said high impedance discontinuity comprises a conductive member one quarter wave in width disposed parallel to said surface and crosswise of a path of current that produces an undesired current maximum for providing said impedance.
  • said high impedance discontinuity comprises a plurality of fins spaced in parallel arrangement crosswise of a path of current that would produce an undesired current maximum for providing said impedance.
  • An antenna ac ordi g to cl m wher in said high impedance discontinuity comprises a conductive element having a central aperture of larger dimension than the aperture in said member, the portion of said element having said aperture being disposed parallel to said member for providing said impedance.
  • Radiator means according to claim 2 wherein said high impedance discontinuity comprises a skirt of annular ring form in conductive relation with and substantially parallel to said surface for providing said impedance.
  • An antenna comprising a member having an electrically conductive surface containing an aperture, energy transfer means coupled to points on opposed edge portions of the aperture for establishing a plurality of spaced current maxima on said surface, said member being provided with a plurality of high impedance discontinuities on said surface transverse to the current that would produce undesired current maxima for establishing an impedance boundary along a line spaced from the perimeter of said aperture.
  • Multiple radiation transfer means comprising a metallic conductive member having an extended surface, means providing at least two apertures in said surface, means coupled to two points of juxtaposed edge portions of each of said apertures for effecting energy transfer with respect to surface portions adjacent said apertures,
  • said member being provided with a plurality of high impedance discontinuities on said surface transverse to the current that would produce undesired current maxima for providing impedance to the current flow across certain areas of the surface of said member, whereby radiation transfer units are formed by surface portions adjacent said apertures.
  • said member includes a skirt having an effective width corresponding to a quarter wavelength of a mean operating frequency for providing said impedance, said skirt being arranged in conductive contact with and substantially parallel with respect to said surface.
  • Multiple radiator means according to claim 9, wherein said member includes a plurality of fins disposed about said apertures and normal to said surface for providingsaid impedance.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
US600254A 1945-06-19 1945-06-19 Antenna system Expired - Lifetime US2557951A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL71369D NL71369C (hu) 1945-06-19
US600254A US2557951A (en) 1945-06-19 1945-06-19 Antenna system
GB29656/46A GB628584A (en) 1945-06-19 1946-10-04 Antenna system
FR951386D FR951386A (fr) 1945-06-19 1947-08-07 Antennes du types
ES0182356A ES182356A1 (es) 1945-06-19 1948-02-13 Mejoras en sistemas de antena

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US600254A US2557951A (en) 1945-06-19 1945-06-19 Antenna system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2557951A true US2557951A (en) 1951-06-26

Family

ID=24402897

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US600254A Expired - Lifetime US2557951A (en) 1945-06-19 1945-06-19 Antenna system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2557951A (hu)
ES (1) ES182356A1 (hu)
FR (1) FR951386A (hu)
GB (1) GB628584A (hu)
NL (1) NL71369C (hu)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2665382A (en) * 1947-10-16 1954-01-05 Smith Three slot cylindrical antenna
US2665381A (en) * 1947-10-16 1954-01-05 Smith Slotted cylindrical antenna
US2742640A (en) * 1951-03-21 1956-04-17 Gen Electric Co Ltd Aerial systems
US2767395A (en) * 1952-01-02 1956-10-16 North American Aviation Inc Beacon antenna
US2770800A (en) * 1951-06-02 1956-11-13 Itt Antennas
US2791769A (en) * 1950-09-27 1957-05-07 Rca Corp Dual slot wide band antenna
US2949606A (en) * 1958-07-31 1960-08-16 Dorne And Margolin Inc Slotted airfoil ultra high frequency antenna
US2982960A (en) * 1958-08-29 1961-05-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Arbitrarily polarized slot radiator
US3046551A (en) * 1958-03-31 1962-07-24 Ryan Aeronautical Co Opening microwave antenna having parasitic tuning slots and tuning plates to adjust effective phase center
US3121230A (en) * 1961-03-01 1964-02-11 Brueckmann Helmut Portable ground plane mat with cavity backed antennas placed thereon
US3527227A (en) * 1965-09-17 1970-09-08 Karl Fritz Microwave electrodes for medical therapy
US3701162A (en) * 1964-03-24 1972-10-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Planar antenna array
US4242685A (en) * 1979-04-27 1980-12-30 Ball Corporation Slotted cavity antenna
US4644343A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-02-17 The Boeing Company Y-slot waveguide antenna element
US4689629A (en) * 1982-09-27 1987-08-25 Rogers Corporation Surface wave antenna
US4803494A (en) * 1987-03-14 1989-02-07 Stc Plc Wide band antenna
EP0559980A1 (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-15 Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems Limited Antenna choke
WO2008151451A1 (de) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Huber + Suhner Ag Breitbandantenne mit parasitärelementen
US20130249756A1 (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Lhc2 Inc Multi-Slot Common Aperture Dual Polarized Omni-Directional Antenna

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4489328A (en) * 1981-06-25 1984-12-18 Trevor Gears Plural microstrip slot antenna

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2234293A (en) * 1939-09-19 1941-03-11 Rca Corp Antenna system
US2297202A (en) * 1936-03-07 1942-09-29 Dallenbach Walter Transmission and/or the reception of electromagnetic waves
US2369808A (en) * 1940-06-08 1945-02-20 American Telephone & Telegraph Short-wave radio transmission
US2405242A (en) * 1941-11-28 1946-08-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave radio transmission
US2414266A (en) * 1942-06-27 1947-01-14 Rca Corp Antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2297202A (en) * 1936-03-07 1942-09-29 Dallenbach Walter Transmission and/or the reception of electromagnetic waves
US2234293A (en) * 1939-09-19 1941-03-11 Rca Corp Antenna system
US2369808A (en) * 1940-06-08 1945-02-20 American Telephone & Telegraph Short-wave radio transmission
US2405242A (en) * 1941-11-28 1946-08-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave radio transmission
US2414266A (en) * 1942-06-27 1947-01-14 Rca Corp Antenna

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2665381A (en) * 1947-10-16 1954-01-05 Smith Slotted cylindrical antenna
US2665382A (en) * 1947-10-16 1954-01-05 Smith Three slot cylindrical antenna
US2791769A (en) * 1950-09-27 1957-05-07 Rca Corp Dual slot wide band antenna
US2742640A (en) * 1951-03-21 1956-04-17 Gen Electric Co Ltd Aerial systems
US2770800A (en) * 1951-06-02 1956-11-13 Itt Antennas
US2767395A (en) * 1952-01-02 1956-10-16 North American Aviation Inc Beacon antenna
US3046551A (en) * 1958-03-31 1962-07-24 Ryan Aeronautical Co Opening microwave antenna having parasitic tuning slots and tuning plates to adjust effective phase center
US2949606A (en) * 1958-07-31 1960-08-16 Dorne And Margolin Inc Slotted airfoil ultra high frequency antenna
US2982960A (en) * 1958-08-29 1961-05-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Arbitrarily polarized slot radiator
US3121230A (en) * 1961-03-01 1964-02-11 Brueckmann Helmut Portable ground plane mat with cavity backed antennas placed thereon
US3701162A (en) * 1964-03-24 1972-10-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Planar antenna array
US3527227A (en) * 1965-09-17 1970-09-08 Karl Fritz Microwave electrodes for medical therapy
US4242685A (en) * 1979-04-27 1980-12-30 Ball Corporation Slotted cavity antenna
US4689629A (en) * 1982-09-27 1987-08-25 Rogers Corporation Surface wave antenna
US4644343A (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-02-17 The Boeing Company Y-slot waveguide antenna element
US4803494A (en) * 1987-03-14 1989-02-07 Stc Plc Wide band antenna
EP0559980A1 (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-09-15 Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems Limited Antenna choke
WO2008151451A1 (de) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Huber + Suhner Ag Breitbandantenne mit parasitärelementen
US20130249756A1 (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Lhc2 Inc Multi-Slot Common Aperture Dual Polarized Omni-Directional Antenna
US9184507B2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2015-11-10 Lhc2 Inc Multi-slot common aperture dual polarized omni-directional antenna
US9425515B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2016-08-23 Lhc2 Inc Multi-slot common aperture dual polarized omni-directional antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR951386A (fr) 1949-10-24
GB628584A (en) 1949-08-31
ES182356A1 (es) 1948-04-01
NL71369C (hu)

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