US2514520A - Muffler with divided flow passages - Google Patents

Description

July 11, 1950 u. SAUER MUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOW PASSAGES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 3, 1946 gawam/bo o Mian Salazar July 11, 1950 u. SAUER MUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOW PASSAGES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 3, 1946 3mm Ur5an Sauar Patented July 11, 1950 MUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOW PASSAGES Urban Sauer, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor of fortymne one-hundredths to Harry R. Levy, Mc-

Keesport, Pa.

Application June 3, 1946, Serial No. 673,943

4 Claims. (01. 181-44) This invention relates to mufflers for internal combustion engines and is an improvement over the construction shown in my copending application, Serial No. 550,445 filed August 21, 1944, now Patent Number 2,403,403 for Muffler.

An object of this invention is to provide a muffler which will prevent the accumulation and storage of expanded gases in the resonating and expansion chambers.

Another object of this invention is to provide a muffler which will substantially reduce the sound level and also substantially reduce, if not entirel eliminate, back pressure.

A further object of this invention is to provide a mufiler of this kind which can be made in a substantially reduced size, both as to length and diameter, thereby efiecting a very material saving in material and cost.

A further object of this invention is to provide a muffler of this kind which, due to substantial elimination of back pressure, will have the effect of increasing acceleration of the engine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a -muffler of simple construction which can be readily assembled and produced at relatively small cost.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consists in the arrangement, combination' and details of construction disclosed in the drawings and specification, and then more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout the respective views,

Figure 1 is a detail side elevation of a muffler constructed according to an embodiment of this invention,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a forward end elevation of the mufiier,

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of this muffler,

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure 5,

,Figure 7 is a fragmentar longitudinal section of another modification of this invention.

Referring to the drawings, and first to Figures a tapered nozzle [5 having openings 11. The nozzle [5 terminates rearward of the forward end of the conical member l2. An intermediate cylindrical member I3 disposed concentrically about pipe [4 within the body II and divides the interior of body ll into an outer low pressure chamber l9 and an inner expansion chamber 20. The intermediate member or wall [8 is formed with a plurality of holes 2| so that the gases discharged through openings I5 and expanding in the expansion chamber 26 will pass through cligienings 2| into the outer low pressure chamber An inner imperforate wall 22 is secured to the forward end of pipe M and also is secured within the intermediate member l8 at the forward end of the latter. The forward end of the intermediate member |8 is formed with a frustoconical end member 23 terminating rearward of the forward end of outer member 12. A plurality of spirally arranged blades 24 are disposed in the space between the frusto-conical member 23 and the outer member 12 so that the forwardly moving gases will be given a spiral motion, the vortex of which is forwardly of the forward end of the frusto-conical member 23 and forwardly of the forward end of the nozzle ii.

The pipe [4 has fixed thereto a plurality of lengthwise spaced apart conical members 25 which are formed with openings 26. The conical members 25 are fixed at their larger or base ends which are rearwardly disposed to the intermediate member l8. These conical members 25 divide the expansion chamber 26 into a pair of expansion chambers 20a and 26b. The forward end of the outer conical member [2 has fixed thereto a nipple 2?, by means of which the forward or discharge end of the casing may be secured to a tail pipe or the like for carrying of the expanded gases. The gases from openings are discharged into chamber 23a which is formed A between nozzle It and cone 23, and the gases from chamber 23a and from nozzle l6 mix with the swirling gases passing the spiral blades in vortex or mixing chamber 2111.

Referring now to Figures 5 and 6, there is disclosed a modified form of this invention embodying a casing or jacket generally designated as 28. The jacket 28 includes a cylindrical body 29 having an imperforate rear wall 34] and imperforate conical forward end 3| terminating in a discharge nipple 32. A perforate intermediate member 33 is disposed within the body 29 and forms an outer low pressure chamber 34 between the body 29 and the intermediate member 33.

The intake pipe 35 extends centrally through the intermediate member 33, terminating at its forward end in the tapered nozzle 36 having openings 31. The pipe 35 is formed with a plurality of openings 38 for discharging the gases into the expansion chamber which is positioned between the pipe 35 and the intermediate member 33.

A conical member 39,. formed with apertures- 40, is fixed between the pipe 35 and the intermediate member 33 and divides the expansion chamber 4! into a pair of expansion chambers Ma and Mb. The conical member 39 has thesmall end thereof disposed rearwardly and the larger or base end terminating adjacent theinner imperforate wall 42 which is fixed between the forward end of pipe 35 and the intermediate member The intermediate member 33 has extending from the forward end thereof a frustoconical member 43 which. terminates rearwardly of the forward end of the outer conical member 3!, thereby forming a vortex or suction chamber 44- forwardly of the nozzle 35.

A; plurality of spirally arranged blades 45 are fixed between the conical member 43 and the outer conical member 3! so that the forwardly moving gases from the low pressure chamber 34- will be given a spiral movement, thereby increasing the velocity of these gases in order that a partial vacuum may be genera-ted in the vortex chamber d i'for withdrawing gases from. the inner chamber it which is positioned between the nozzle 35 and the frusto-conical member 43.

'In Figure 7, there is disclosed another modification of this invention wherein the spiral blades shown in Figures 2 and are eliminated. Theouter forward cone 4'! has-an intermediate imperforate frusto -conical member disposed concentrically thereof, forming a space 48 within which the gases are to move forwardly into a forward chamber 49, The intake pipe has a tapered nozzle 53 extending therefrom and in this instance the nozzle 50 is formed without the side openings.

The advantage of the spiral passages in. the tapered cone is that the gases will evacuate faster, as when they are set to spinning they acquire a faster momentum and being directed toward a center they will create a vacuum in the center of the crossing streams, which, when the pressure in the outer chamber is higher than the pressure in the central stream, will have a suction effect upon: the gases moving in the central stream. Without the spiral passages there will still be an increase in the velocity of. the gases in the out.- side chamber by reason of the tapered cones which will also tend to accelerate the evacuation of the gases in the outside chamber. By having the. taper at the forward end of the central main high pressure tube, there is also obtained a degree.

of suction. in the exit between the end. of the taper and'the outlet, which, in case the pressure of: the gas coming out at the tapered end of this tube is higher than the pressure of the gas inthe outside chamber, willihave a suction effect upon the gases in the outside chamber.

The muffler may be assembled by first welding the cone or cones and discs-tothe central tube and nozzle. The intermediate shell. can then be welded to the cones and discs. and where the spiral blades are used' these can be welded or otherwise secured to the conical end of the intermediate member. The outer casing can then be welded to at least one disc and the spiralblades.

The conical baflles in the intermediate cham:- ber have a tendency to filter the sound and to move the gases forwardly in the arrangement where'the small end is rearwardly disposed, and the greater advantage in silencing where the. small. end is forwardly disposed, which. tendsto.

throw the sound waves back and mufile the echo.

I do not mean to confine myself to the exact details of construction herein. disclosed but claim all variations falling within the purview of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A muffler comprising an outer casing formed of a cylindrical body, rear wall and a conical forward end, an intake pipe extending coaxially of said casing, said intake pipe including a tapered forward end terminating within said conical forward. end. of said casing, said intake pipe having openings throughout the length thereof, an intermediate. perforate cylindrical wall about said pipe and coaxial therewith and dividing said casing into anouter low pressure chamber and an intermediate expansion chamber, a plurality of.

perforate conical forwardly converging membersextending between said intermediate wall and.

said pipe dividing said expansion chamber into a pair. of expansion chambers, an imperforate truncated conical forward end extending from. said intermediate wall and terminating forwardly of the forward end of said pipe, an imperforate: annular wall extending between theforwardend of said pipe and of said intermediate cylindrical.

wall, and spiral blades between the conical forward end of said body and of. said intermediate 3. A muiiier as set forth in claim. 1 wherein thesmall end of said conical member is rearwardly disposed.

4. A muffler comprising'an outer casing formed. of a cylindrical body, rear wall and a conical.

forward end, an intake pipe extending coaxially of said casing, a tapered nozzle extending from:

the forward end of said intake pipe and terminating within said conical forward end, said intake pipe having openings rearwardly of said nozzle,

said easing into an outer low pressure chamberand an intermediate expansion chamber, a' plu-- rality of perforate conical forwardly converging members extending between said intermediate:

wall and said pipe dividing said expansion chamber into a, plurality of expansion chambers, an

imperforate truncated conical forward end extending from said intermediate wall andT'terminating forwardly of the forward end of said pipe,

an annular imperforatc wall. extending between the forward end of said pipe and of said inter mediate cylindrical wall, and spiral. blades. be-

tween the conical forward end of said body an i REFERENCES CITED The" following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 830,6ii0 Goldman Sept. 11, 190.6 1,076,494 Galanine Oct. 21, 1918 2,036,133 Haas Mar. 31, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 408,446 Great Britain Apr; 12, 1934*

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